Wind Turbine Technology & Taiwan Current Installation

Transcription

1 Wind Turbine Technology & Taiwan Current Installation By J. Huang/VTC -06/Oct/2008

2 Speaker brief introduction 黃宏基 Vestech Taiwan Corp. 總經理 Wind Power Experiences: 1. Representing Vestas since Project experiences: - 台朔 (FHI) : 麥寮風力示範系統 正隆 (CLC): 春風風力示範系統 台電 (TPC): 金山石門風力電場 台電 (TPC): 彰工 (II) 風力電場 台電 (TPC): 麥寮風力電場 ~ 台電 (TPC): 四湖 & 林口風力電場 ~ 台電 (TPC): 彰工 (II) 大潭 & 金門風力電場 ~2009 學歷 : 東吳大學物理系 1977 畢業

3 Modern Wind Turbine Technology

4 Vestas Wind Turbine Development

5 Construction of V MW turbine Nacelle 61 t Rotor 34 t Transformer Generator Tower 60 m/140 t 67 m/158 t 78 m/203 t (IEC IA weights) Hub Gearbox

6 Vestas V80-2MW Technical layout 1. Hub controller 2. Pitch cylinder 3. Blade hub 4. Main shaft 5. Oil cooler 6. Gearbox 7. Parking brake 8. Service crane 9. VMP-Top controller with converter 10. Ultra-sonic sensors 11. Transformer 12. Blade 13. Blade bearing 14. Rotor lock system 15. Hydraulic unit 16. Machine foundation 17. Yaw gears 18. Composite disc coupling 19. OptiSpeed -generator 20. Generator cooler

7 Vestas V90-3MW

8 Design criteria for Vestas V80-2MW V80, 2.0 MW Wind class: IEC Ia v 10 min. avg. < 10. m/s v 10 min. ext. < 50 m/s v 3 sec. survival < 70 m/s Turbulence intensity of 18 % Climate versions Standard -20º C to +30º C High Temp. -20º C to +40º C Offshore Package Hub heights 60 m, 67 m, and 78 m

9 台電台中港區 Zephyros-2MW 風機不敵薔蜜颱風瞬間陣風倒塌 ( 註 : Zephyros 已由日本 Harakosan 購併 )( 陳世宗攝 )

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12 VCS Variable speed control system OptiSpeed Variable speed system OptiSpeed: Vestas Converter System (VCS) is the standard pitch variable speed system where the energy from the rotor is send through the converter and used. Variable speed (dynamic slip range) Active + reactive power control AC, f = constant, n = semi - variabel Main circuit breaker Gearbox Brake Asynchronous generator with slip rings Generator side converter grid side converter Line coupling transformer Medium voltage Switch gear Rotor bearing Pitch drive Converter control Windturbine control

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14 Rotor Accumulators rotate blades safely to the stop position - in case of complete loss of grid or critical turbine fault The OptiTip ensures that the blades are always in the optimal position. A sealed fibreglass spinner protects the hub Service is done from within the hub.

15 Blades, V80 The 39 m. blade is supplied by Vestas own blade factories. The blade materials is epoxy, and glass fibre, and thereby using experiences made in the earlier blades in Vestas product portfolio Lightning protection receptors and with downconductors within blade design

16 Hub, V80 Cast iron from Vestas owned foundry (windcast) The hub is machined by Vestas own factory in Lem, Denmark. Hydraulic power unit from PMC techniques.

17 Brake system on V80 Aerodynamic brake: Full blade pitch Each blade can independently turn into braking position One blade in braking position is sufficient to stop the turbine Mechanical brake: Hydraulic disc brake on high speed shaft of main gear, this is only used as parking brake.

18 Drive train Main shaft Main shaft is forged, hollow trumpet shaft. All operating loads are transmitted to base frame and tower

19 Gearbox, V80 The main gear transmits torque and revolutions from the rotor to the generator. The main gear consists of a planetary gearbox combined with a two stage parallel gearbox, and a toothed coupling transmitting the torque from the planetary stage to the two stage parallel gearbox. Two torque arms are supporting the gearbox, and vibrations and dampers, situated between the torque arms and the main frame, absorb oscillations. Finally torque is transmitted from the high-speed shaft to the generator via a flexible composite coupling, located right after the disc brake. The disc brake is mounted directly on the high speed shaft.

20 Generator Asynchronous with wound rotor, slip rings and VCS The generator is an air-cooled fully enclosed generator Designed and built specifically for wind turbine applications Generator

21 Yaw system Function: Keeps the nacelle in position on top of the tower. Enables the nacelle to rotate on the tower. The yaw bearing system acts as a slide bearing between nacelle and tower. The system transmits the forces from the turbine to the tower. Principle: PETP slide plates on the machine foundation are sliding on a large yaw ring. Cast claws also with integrated spring loaded PETP friction and slide discs secure the nacelle to the tower.

22 Tower Platforms, ladders and safety harnesses designed according to relevant standards Safe working environment for service personal Liquid tower damper Sand filled chamber for structural noise damping

23 Controller Supervision / control: Active power Reactive power Yawing Hydraulic Environment (Wind, temperature) Rotation Generator Pitch system Grid Remote monitoring, possible of connection of serial communication Information Operating data Production Operation log Alarm log

24 Current WTG Installation In Taiwan Vestas Market Share Worldwide Vestas Market Share - Taiwan

25 1. Xin-shen 金山 2.1,2.2. Tao-Yuan Datan(I), Guan-yen 桃園大谭, 觀音 3. Hsin-chu 竹北 4. Xianshan 新竹香山 5. Taichung 台中港. 台中電廠 6. Chang-Kong(I) 彰工 7. Yunlin Mai-liao(I) 雲林麥寮 8. Lin-Kou 林口 9. Suhu 四湖 10. Peng-Hu 澎湖 11.1 South Hsin-chu 竹南 11.2 Ho-Long 苗栗後龍 12. Chang-Kong 彰工 (I) 13.1 Chang-Kong 彰工 (II) 13.2 Mai-liao(II) 麥寮 13.3 Kin-men (II) 金門 14. Mai-liao 麥寮 15. Da-eng 大安 16.1, 16.2 Changhwa Wangkong (I), (II) 彰化王功 17.Changhwa Yungshing 彰化永興 18. Peng-Dong Chechen 屏東車城 19. Tao-Yuan Luju 桃園蘆竹 20. Offshore projects 彰化王宮外海 Current WTG Installation in Taiwan , ,

26 Asia Pacific Share of World Market Installed MW Global Installation (2005) = 11407MW ASP Region, 2320, 20.34% Global Installation (2006) = 15197MW ASP Region, 3791, 24.95% Rest of the world, 9087, 79.66% Rest of the world, 11406, 75.05% Source: Emerging Energy Research, December 2006 Asia Pacific Share in the global wind markets is consistently increasing

27 Market Share 2006 (mw) - Worldwide Others 21.1% Suzlon 3.6% 33.7% GE Wind 13.0% Gamesa 13.8% Enercon 14.8% Vestas leads

28 Installed Vestas turbines by model by June 30th 2006 Number Model Capacity (MW) Other V kw V MW V MW V MW V MW V MW V MW ,569 22,263

29 10.40% Harakosan ( 前 Zephyros) WTG Market Share in Taiwan 2.84% Gamesa 8.16% GE 37.43% Enercon 41.17% Vestas

30 Vestas Sales Record - Taiwan 1. Linkuo (6 x V80-2MW) 2. TLPM (2xV MW) 3. Changkong (23xV80-2Mw) 4. Suhu (14 x V80-2MW) 5. Mai-Liao (15 x V80-2MW) 6. FHI-Mia Liao (4xV47-660kw) 7. Nuclear #1 (6xV47-660KW) 8. Changkong (II) (8 x V80-2MW) 9. Mai-Liao (II) (8 x V80-2MW) 10. Kinmen (2 x V80-MW) Site of 8,9&10: Under construction Site of 1,2,3,4,5,6 &7: Completed

31 Vestas 台灣裝機實績 台朔麥寮案 V47-660KW 4 座 正隆春風電力 V MW 2 座 台電核一廠 V47-660KW 6 座

32 TPC Chang-Kong Wind Farm Vestas V80-2MW (67 m tower) TPC Lun-Wei Site TPC Shen-Shi Site

33 Vestas 裝機中案件 台電 : 麥寮風力電場 ~2008 V80-2MW x 15 sets 台電 : 四湖 & 林口風力電場 ~2009 V80-2MW x 20 sets 台電 : 彰工 (II) 大潭 & 金門風力電場 ~2009 V80-2MW x 18 sets

34 Wind Turbine Erection (Onshore- 岸上風力發電廠 ) 1.Erection preparation 2.Erection tools. 3.Erection procedure..

35 Erection preparation 1. Soil exchange. 2. Crane setup. 3. Tools preparation. 4. Power generator (240/690V). 5. Survey for the surface of tower foundation (level flatness: not >2mm).

36 Erection tools 1. Impact Gun. 2. Hydraulic pump & wrench. 3. Sikaflex. ( Tower and nose cone) 4. Hand tools.

37 Erection procedure 1. Switchgear / bottom controller 2. Bottom section of tower 3. Service lift 4. Meddle section of tower 5. Nacelle preparation 6. Top section of tower and nacelle 7. Rotor assembly 8. Rotor erection % tighten all the bolts 10.Cabling 11.Punch list before commissioning 12.Start up procedure

38 Switchgear / Bottom controller / Service lift Switchgear Bottom controller Service lift installation

39 Bottom tower 1. Turn bottom tower vertical by two cranes 2. Pay attention to the wire, never twist.

40 Middle Tower Section Eerection

41 Nacelle preparation Ultrasonic wind sensor installed Customer logo Cabling Inside Nacelle Aviation light installed

42 Top section and Nacelle erection

43 Rotor assembly Install blade bolts Insert blades and tighten bolts Install lifting device

44 Rotor Erection

45 Cabling

46 Punch list and Start up procedure Erection finished Automatic check Punch list Default process Power on site Start up procedure

47 1. 世界風能發電現況 & 未來發展

48 Offshore Wind Power 離岸風力發電

49 Project Execution for Offshore wind farm

50 Project Preparation (Design basis) Soil Conditions mechanical properties of soil and their range of stratum Metocean Data wave distribution wave rose current current rose tidal range water depths storm surge marine growth ice extreme wave extreme current Wind Climate wind distribution wind rose turbulence wind shear extreme wind

51 Project Preparation Planning: Risk Register Living document Identify possible risks Mitigate Price Project Plans Project Execution Plan Method Statements QA Plan HSE Plan Interfaces: Transformer station/onshore Cables Onshore Cables / Offshore Cables Offshore Cables / Foundation Offshore Cables / Turbine Installation Foundation / Turbine Installation Offshore Cables / Connection to Switch gear Turbine Installation / Energization And many more

52 Foundations

53 Design pre-sale: Foundations: Choose concept 3 basic types: monopile, tripod, gravity based Foundation

54 Foundation Offshore Installation (Foundations): One way of transporting the fundation piles and transition pieces to site

55 Foundation Offshore Installation (Foundations): Pile and transition pieces stored on board the vessel

56 Foundation Offshore Installation (Foundations): Pile hammered into the seabed. Installation time app. 2 to 4 hours

57 Foundation Offshore Installation (Foundations): In hard soil conditions is a hammer/drill method the preferred pile installation method.

58 Offshore Installation (Foundations): Foundation Scour Protection (rock dumping) Before pile installation After pile installation

59 Installation: Working hours Offshore Installation (Foundations): 24/7 operations.

60 Electrical parts

61 Offshore Wind Farm Electrical parts Grid Connection Point Grid requirements Onshore or Offshore Substation(s) Switchgears and transformer in WTG Offshore Wind Park - Grid layout of the park - OWEZ 36 x V90-3.0MW

62 Offshore Wind Farm Electrical parts Grid Connection Point Onshore or Offshore Substation On the HV side (161 kv) or on MV side (33 kv)

63 Offshore Wind Farm Electrical parts Grid requirements Voltage variations Frequency variations Reactive power capability Flicker emission from WTG Voltage control Frequency response Fault Ride Through

64 Offshore Wind Farm Electrical parts Onshore or Offshore Substation(s) No. of Substations Transformer type, one or two step up transformers HV Switchgears types Earthing system Electrical equipments as SVC, Statcom system or alike No of strings max 10 WTGs per string

65 Offshore Wind Farm Electrical parts Marking and Identification Country specific requirements Foundation in RAL 1023 Marine Lantern system Foghorn system Aviation/obstruction lights Radar reflectors Numbers

66 Offshore Wind Farm Components Transformer Platform Foundation Often similar to turbine foundations Specially designed secondary structures Installation as for turbine foundations Topside One unit or modulised Weight topside - for Offshore Wind Park Q7-120 MW- 500 tons

67 Installation Wind Turbines Grid Offshore Wind Park OWEZ 36 x V90-3.0MW

68 Grid

69 Grid

70 Offshore Wind Farm in Taiwan Potential Wind resource in Taiwan: Very Good Taiwan Market potential up to 2,000MW Risks Offshore wind farm erection is very risky and the erection and operation costs could be under-estimated due to very limited experiences. Government Policy needed PPA (Power Purchase Price) must be increased to a reasonable level. Employ experienced international consultants and engineering companies to work with local companies to avoid improper government policy, study and basic design.

71 End of Presentation Thank You