How to analyze BLDC motor Efficiency Map?

Transcription

1 How to analyze BLDC motor Efficiency Map? 1 ANSYS Korea Tomoya Horiuchi tomoya.horiuchi@ansys.com

2 Agenda About Motor Efficiency Map Electric Machines Design Toolkit UDO and Design Toolkit How to use? Efficiency Map Displayer Spped up of analysis 2

3 About Motor Efficiency Map Easy to understand motor characteristics Relationship of Torque, Speed, Efficiency This shows under driving condition (With using Transient Solver) Including Core Loss, Eddy Current Loss, Mechnical Loss, etc 3 Efficiency Map T-N curve

4 About Motor Efficiency Map But... Huge number of simulation/measurement point is necessary Vector control theory is necessary (MTPA, MTPV, Flux Weakening, etc.) Max. Torque MTPA Control Flux Weakening Control Base Speed 4

5 Ex. MTPA control Find appropriate Gamma which generate max. Torque at each current value i u = I m sin ωt Gamma i u = I m sin ωt Gamma 2 3 π i w = I m sin ωt Gamma π Max. Torque curve 5

6 From uvw to dq Convert from 3 phase to dq coordinate system Maxwell can calsulate 6

7 For creating Efficiency Map Huge number of simulation/measurement point is necessary Each condition, converting from 3 phase to dq is necessary Vector control theory is necessary (MTPA, MTPV, Flux Weakening, etc.) Requires long time and complex hand work 7

8 Electric Machines Design Toolkit 8

9 UDO and Design Toolkit Create a customization tool which automate process of Maxwell using Iron Python User Defined Output(UDO) {User Defined Solution(UDS)} Control output of analysis result Design Tool kit Control the processing using GUI 9

10 Automation Image Iron Python, VB script Design Tool Kit Pre processing Solve User Define Output Post processing 10

11 V(q-axis) [V] Y1 [NewtonMeter] Current(PhaseA) [A] Torque [NewtonMeter] UDO Solutions for Special Machines Transient D-Q Solutions Average and RMS Solutions Name X Y m m Electric Machine Design Toolkits XY Plot 2 Maxwell2DDesign1_ACVnorm Curve Info Current(PhaseA) Setup1 : Transient Design Toolkits Torque Speed Curve Computation Efficiency Map Computation Efficiency Map Computation Torque vs Speed current_motormode_efficiencymap2 SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' m1 m2 T=1/f Speed_rpm [rpm] Time [ms] InputPower [kw] OutputPower [kw] Torque [NewtonMeter] XY Plot 1 Maxwell2DDesign1_Current_Gamma_Sweep Speed [rpm] PowerFactor SupplyCurrent [A] PhaseVoltage [V] CoreLoss [W] SolidLoss [fw] StrandedLossR [kw] MechanicalLoss [W] TotalLoss [kw] Efficiency PowerBalance V(d-axis) [V] V(q-axis) [V] I(d-axis) [A] I(q-axis) [A] L(d-axis) [mh] L(q-axis) [mh] FluxLinkage(d-axis) [Wb] V(d-axis) [V] FluxLinkage(q-axis) [Wb] Data 5.00 Table Speed [rpm] I F PostProcessing SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' Design_BH_right_Current_Gamma_Sweep1 SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' Torque vs Gamma SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC [deg]

12 Efficiency Map Calculation Setting 1/3:Set Average and RMS Solutions (UDO) Coil Resistance Mechanical losses End Coil Inductance (for 2D) 12

13 V(q-axis) [V] Efficiency Map Calculation Setting 2/3: Max. Input Voltage (RMS) Max. Input Current (RMS) Number of Poles Driving Mode (Motor or Generator) XY Plot 1 Maxwell2DDesign1_Current_Gamma_Sweep V(d-axis) [V] 13

14 Torque [NewtonMeter] Efficiency Map Calculation Setting 3/3: Time Step and Period Speed points in constant torque region Torque points in constant torque region Torque vs Speed current_motormode_efficiencymap2 SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' Speed [rpm] 14

15 Torque [NewtonMeter] Torque [NewtonMeter] Torque [NewtonMeter] current_motormode_efficiencymap2 PostProcessing_Current_Gamma_Sweep1 Curve Info Torque Imax_TSC=' A' Torque Imax_TSC=' A' Torque Imax_TSC=' A' Torque Imax_TSC=' A' Torque Imax_TSC=' A' Torque Imax_TSC=' A' Torque Imax_TSC=' A' Torque Imax_TSC=' A' Torque Imax_TSC=' A' Torque Imax_TSC=' A' Efficiency Map Algorithm Stages Use an Existing Design Finish (Create Report Plots and retrieve data) Enter User Input Data Simulate Efficiency Map (parametric sweep) Torque vs Speed Press Create Map (create necessary designs) Launch evolutionary optimizer (Search for Efficiency map) Speed [rpm] Curve Info Torque Initial Position SC [deg] Simulation of Current & Gamma Sweep Automated Process Retrieve Data from Sweep Using GetOutputVariableValue Torque vs Gamma SC [deg] 15

16 Script Compresses Simulation Data in SimResults.txt File 16

17 Torque [NewtonMeter] DSO Option Huge number of parametric analysis is complete in a short time with DSO option Torque vs Speed current_motormode_efficiencymap2 SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' SC=' deg' Imax_TSC=' A' Speed [rpm] Distribute job to the multi-core CPU 17 Distribute job to network PC Speed-up rate almost proportional to the number of distributed

18 DSO Option Ex. 187 cases Parametric analysis 1 core analysis requires 13:38:43 With 12 DSO option 1:9:13 = times faster 18 Speed-up rate almost proportional to the number of distributed

19 Efficiency Map Displayer Efficiency Map Displayer Simulation result saved to text file Easy to check simulation result This is free!!! or Execute from Maxwell desctop Result data Run in stand-alone 19

20 Efficiency Map Displayer Efficiency Map Displayer Support both Motor and Generator Motor Generator 20

21 Efficiency Map Displayer Efficiency Map Displayer Supports a variety of output Solid Loss Core Loss Current Total Loss 21

22 Efficiency Map Displayer Efficiency Map Displayer Supports a variety of output Ld Lq Power Factor 電流 22 表示項目

23 Efficiency Map Displayer Efficiency Map Displayer A variety of display functions Scale change Color tone change Grid Label Copy to Clip Board Save to image file Speed Torque characteristics Label Color tone change Grid 23

24 How to get this Toolkit? Visit ansys.com and click Customer Portal (Login is necessary) Input R15 Electric Machine Toolkit and search You can find Maxwell R15/v2014 Electrical Machines Design Toolkit 24

25 How to install? User Defined Outputs Create a folder UserDefinedOutputs under syslib or userlib or Personallib Place the directory Electric Machines Solutions into the UserDefinedOutputs directory of your Maxwell R15 (2014) installation. Design Toolkit Create a folder Toolkits under syslib or userlib or Personallib Create another folder Maxwell2D (and/or Maxwell3D) under Toolkits Place the directory Electric Machines Design Toolkit into the Maxwell2D (and/or Maxwell3D) directory of your Maxwell R15 (2014) installation 25

26 Conclusion Motor analysis support tool Electric Machines Design Toolkit Easy to extract motor characteristics from transient analysis 1 fractions InputPower [kw] OutputPower [kw] Torque [NewtonMeter] Speed [rpm] PowerFactor SupplyCurrent [A] PhaseVoltage [V] CoreLoss [W] SolidLoss [W] StrandedLossR [W] MechanicalLoss [W] TotalLoss [kw] Efficiency PowerBalance Just input driving condition Motor characteristics extracted automatically Using DSO option, analysis time can be reduced 26