Electromagnetic Coordination Study Objectives for Railroad and Electric Utility Shared Corridors

Transcription

1 Electromagnetic Coordination Study Objectives for Railroad and Electric Utility Shared Corridors Eilis M. Logan UPRR Marvin J. Frazier Corr. Comp Co.

2 Electromagnetic Interference Magnet and Paper Clip Field Rather than Circuit View Point Passive Conductors - Rails Vital Signals - Railroad Systems

3 Electromagnetic Interference Coexist Simultaneously Source - Electric & Magnetic Fields Coupling Mechanism Receptor May Be Susceptible

4 Electromagnetic Interference Source - Power System Coupling Paths: Capacitive, Conductive, Inductive Susceptible Receptor - Railroad

5 Discussion Coupling Mechanisms Power System Influence Railroad Personnel Safety Criteria Equipment Compatibility Electrical Coordination Process

6 Coupling Mechanisms Capacitive - Electrostatic Personnel Safety Pole line, Crossing Gate, Signal Light Structures Conductive - Fault & Other Short Duration Conditions Personnel Safety & Equipment Compatibility High Local Earth Surface Potentials Magnetic - Inductive Personnel Safety & Equipment Compatibility Significant - Paralleling Power Line and Rails

7 Power System Influence Two Operating Conditions Steady-State - Normal Conditions Magnetic & Electrostatic Coupling Personnel Safety - Conductor-to-Earth Voltages Equipment Compatibility - Conductor-to-Conductor Voltages

8 Power System Influence Two Operating Conditions Fault and Other Short Duration Conditions Magnetic & Conductive Personnel Safety - Step & Touch Rails, Rolling Stock, Track-side Housing Equipment Compatibility - Rail Current - Surge Arrester Rating

9 Railroad Personnel Safety Signal and Track Maintenance Conductor-to-Earth Different Levels Are Acceptable Steady-State Fault or Short Duration

10 Railroad Personnel Safety Three Classifications Threshold - Tingling Startle - Annoying - Not Harmful Primary Shocks % Voluntarily Let-Go Ventricular Fibrillation

11 Railroad Personnel Safety Conductor-to-Earth Objective Based on Primary Shocks: Minimize the Chance Power System Steady-State - Body Current Higher than Let Go Power System Fault - Ventricular Fibrillation

12 Railroad Personnel Safety Steady-State Operation Region of Electric Field Analyzed by the Shock Current NESC = 5 ma ac rms General Population Including Children Railroad Facilities Capacitive Induction NESC = 5 ma ac rms

13 Railroad Personnel Safety Steady-State Operation Conductor-to-Earth 25V Rail-to-Ground Each Side of Insulated Joints Rail Cut Locations Slide Fence Conductor Pole Line Conductor Underground Cable, Conductor, Metallic Shield

14 Railroad Personnel Safety IEEE Std 80 Safety Guide AC Substation Grounding Design Work Safely Around Substation Touch Voltage Hand-to-Feet Touching an Energized Object Step Voltage Between Feet Elevated Earth Surface Potential

15 Railroad Personnel Safety Power System Fault & Short Duration Conditions Hand-to-Feet Hand-to-Feet Near Near Earth Earth Signal Signal Houses Houses Rail Rail -- Railroad Railroad Work Work Zones Zones Feet Feet Center Center Track Track By By Hand Hand or or Object Object Electrically Electrically Connected Connected to to Rail Rail

16 Railroad Personnel Safety Power System Fault & Short Duration Conditions Hand-to-Feet Hand-to-Feet Near Near Earth Earth Insulated Insulated Joints Joints Rail Rail Cut Cut Locations Locations Hand-to-Hand Hand-to-Hand Insulated Insulated Joints Joints Rail Rail Cut Cut Locations Locations

17 Railroad Personnel Safety Substation - Railroad Different Environments Substations Enclosed - Chain Link Fence Employees Aware Hazards Electrical Characteristics Inspected & Tested

18 Railroad Personnel Safety Application IEEE Std 80 Railroad Environment Reevaluation of Parameters Assess Safe Touch & Step Resistive Stone Covering not Ballast Region Protected - Railroad Work Zones Size of a Person - Body Impedance & Weight

19 Railroad Personnel Safety Application IEEE Std 80 Railroad Environment Ballast Resistivity Railroad Work Zone Electrical Characteristics Not Specified Ballast may not be Present Rotating Ballast Regulator ft Disturb or Remove During Maintenance

20 Railroad Personnel Safety Application IEEE Std 80 Railroad Environment Body Impedance Railroad 24 hours a Day, 7 days a Week All Weather Conditions No Insulating Properties of Shoes or Gloves Standing in Bare Moistened Feet Per Std ohms Body Impedance

21 Railroad Personnel Safety Application IEEE Std 80 Railroad Environment - Body Weight IEEE Std 80 used United States IEEE Std 80 Considers Size - Weight Railroad Operational & Construction Criteria Smaller Sized Person - UPRR Railroad Occupational Safety = 100 LB

22 Equipment Compatibility Equipment Compatibility -- Susceptibility Signal System -- Abnormal Operation False Activation or Activation Failure Different Types -- Different Levels Power System Steady-State & Fault

23 Equipment Compatibility Power System Steady-State Operation 60 Hz & Harmonics Voltage and Current Must be Less Than Tolerance Level Equal Excitation Paired Conductors Day-to-Day Unbalance Conditions Nearby Power Line Differential Voltage

24 Equipment Compatibility Maximum Steady-State Operation Coupled Conductor-to-Conductor for UPRR Balanced Track Conditions Shorted Insulated Joint Electrically Broken Rail, Conductor Grounded Rail, Conductor Presence of a Train

25 Equipment Compatibility Power Line Fault Conditions Rail-to-Near Earth Potentials With and Without Arresters Operation AREMA Performance Guidelines Lightning Wave Form - Short Duration Power Line Fault Wave Form - Long Duration Rail Current Less Than Arrester Rating Based on Power System Fault Clearing Times

26 Electrical Coordination - Process Electromagnetic Coordination Study Resolve Interference Problems Location, Design, Construction, Operation & Maintenance of Power & Railroad Systems Three Phases

27 Electrical Coordination - Process Phase 1 Meeting Railroad, Utility, Consultant Scope of Investigation Acceptable Mitigation Modeling Assumptions Design Criteria

28 Electrical Coordination - Process Phase 2 - Generate Study Railroad & Power System Data Public & Personnel Safety Criteria Equipment Impedance & Susceptibility Data Computer Models - Steady-State & Fault Mitigation Design - Limit Coupled Voltages

29 Electrical Coordination - Process Phase 3 - Approval Power Utility Company Railroad Equipment Supplier Railroad Finance Operating & Engineering

30 Summary - Electromagnetic Study Defines Physical & Electrical Parameters Provide Predictive Assessment of Coupled Voltages & Currents Power System Conditions Steady-State & Fault Personnel Safety Equipment Compatibility Mitigation

31 Technology Races On Thank You

32 Questions?