NGV s Statistics balance

Transcription

1 October 2006 Gas Vehicles Report 33 NGV s Statistics balance Countries with the best NGV growth by number World s Top 10 NGV Countries NGV x Round up figures NGV x Round up figures Increase Bangladesh Armenia Ukraine China Bolivia Colombia Iran Argentina Brazil Pakistan Countries with the best NGV growth by % NGV x Round up figures Growth by % Argentina 272 Brazil 200 Pakistan 370 Italy 25 India 112 USA 1 Iran % China 9 Colombia Chile Pakistan Thailand Colombia Netherlands Switzerland Bolivia Bulgaria Iran Poland Egypt Sep. ' Chile Pakistan Thailand Colombia Netherlands Switzerland Bolivia Bulgaria Iran Poland Countries with refuelling station growth by number, Increase Bolivia Italy China Bangladesh Iran Colombia Germany Argentina Pakistan Brazil Countries with the best refuelling station growth by %, Fuelling station Growth by % round up figures % Argentina Italy China Germany Bolivia Brazil Colombia Bangladesh Pakistan Iran Argentina Brazil Pakistan Germany Italy China Colombia Iran Bolivia Bangladesh

2 34 October 2006 Gas Vehicles Report Worldwide NGV statistics Natural Gas Vehicles Total Cars/LDVs Buses Trucks N/m3 monthlysales average Total Public use (a) Refuelling Stations Private use (b) Hoses Compresed total capacity (m3/hour) Refuelling Stations under construction Total Public Private VRA (c) Last update Argentina 1,406,580 1,406, ,237,572 1,576 7,769 1,561, May. '06 Brazil (d) 1,179,812 1,179, ,640,200 1, Jul. '06 Pakistan 1,000, May '06 Italy (e) 402, ,000 1, ,000, , , Feb. '06 India (f) 248, ,000 10,146 52,000, Mar. '06 U.S.A.(g) 146,876 1,600 3,418 Dec '04 Iran (i) 148, ,884 2, ,200, Aug '06 China (h) 127,120 66,440 32, ,000, Jan. '06 Colombia (j) 113,933 13,500, Jun. '06 Egypt 69,376 58,370 5,367 3,356 25,000, Jun. '06 Ukraine 67,000 7,000 30,500 29,500 45,700, May. '05 Armenia (k) 47,688 12,375, Sept. '06 Russia 46,000 3,000 8,000 35,000 19,776, , Feb '06 Bolivia 53,268 20,160, Jun. '06 Venezuela 44,146 8,152, Apr. '04 Bangladesh (l) 50,530 22,178 1, ,361, , Jul. '06 Germany (m) 38,933 30,557 1,277 6,688 7,170, Jan. '06 Japan (n) 28,402 11,245 1,216 15, , Jun. '06 Canada 20, ,294 Sept. '03 Malaysia 18,300 18, Feb. '06 Bulgaria (o) 12,500 12, ,800, Mar. '06 Thailand (p) 18,020 17, Aug. '06 Tajikistan 10,600 4,500, May '05 Korea 10, , Jul.'06 France 8,900 6,500 2, Apr. '06 Sweden 7,880 7, Dec. '05 Indonesia 6, Jul. '05 Belarus 5,500 2,250, May '05 Chile 5, , Jun. '05 Moldavia 4,500 1,182,500 8 May. '05 Burma 4, , Feb. '06 Trinidad & Tobago (q) 4, , Jan. '06 Mexico 3,037 20, Oct. '05 Switzerland (r) 2,081 1, , , Aug. '06 Australia 2, , Nov. '05 Spain (s) ,000, Jan. '06 Poland (t) , Apr. '05 Austria , Sept. '06 Netherlands (u) , Jan. '06 Turkey , Nov. '05 United Kingdom (v) Feb. '06 New Zealand Jun. '04 Czech Republic , Apr. '06 Latvia Oct. '04 Belgium Nov. '05 Slovakia , , Apr. '06 Portugal , Jan. '05 Norway Apr. '05 Algeria Oct. '04 Singapore Jun.'06 Hungary Apr. '06 Croatia , Oct. '05 Serbia & Montenegro Mar. '06 Finland , Jan. '05 Ireland Sept. '03 Nigeria 60 2 May '05 Luxembourg , Jan. '06 Iceland (w) , Jan. '06 Philippines (x) Feb. '06 United Arab Emirates 35 1 Dec. '05 Macedonia ,000 1 Jan. '05 Liechtenstein , Sept. '04 Taiwan Apr. '05 Bosnia & Herzegovina Apr. '05 Grand total 5,370,699 3,605, ,121 97,891 10,252 2,417 1, ,472 Notes: (a): Open to general public (b): Exclusively for private fleet (c): Vehicle Refuelling Appliance (d): In São Paulo, there are 33,000 public buses owned by the government. Now, the government has a program to provide funding for the production of NG buses and trucks for urban used. Brazil plans to triple its gas consumption in 2010 (will be 100 million m3). (e): VRA is still not allowed in Italy. (f): Including 3 wheelers; India has natural gas three-wheelers (g): NGV number is an estimated figure for December (h): From the total NGV population in Colombia, 10% are buses, 7% are truks, 36% are jeeps 4x4, and 45% are cars (mostly taxi cabs). (i): Most of the NGVs in Armenia are cars/ldvs and trucks. The NGV population is expected to increase by vehicles/year in (j): About 430 more NG buses are planned to come from China (this number was included from the statistics, now it is excluded). Bangladeshi government encourages the construction of refuelling stations outside Dhaka city. The CNG conversion rate in Comilla is increasing near about 14 vehicles/day. (k): Germany opens about 3 new natural gas sta- tions per week. The total NGV population noted above is an estimate figure. From the total amount of NGVs, 500 vehicles are classified as other vehicles (off-road, etc). (l): About 98% of NGVs in Japan are (Japanese) OEM NGVs. From the total vehicles amount (26.569) 893 are off-road. (m): Plans for 2005: to convert bus to CNG and to operate 64 refuelling stations. (n): From 7305 NGVs in Bulgaria, 5 of those are off-road vehicles. Four more fuelling stations are built in Burgas, Bansko, Shumen, St.Zagora cities. (o): NGVs are only available in Trinidad Island only. (p): New refuelling station units (new constructions) are only supported if for public use with exception for big fleet projects. (q): From 944 NGVs in Spain, 32 are off-road vehicles (r): From the total NGV population in Poland, 116 vehicles are up to 3,5 tonnes. (s): In addition to NG cars/ldvs and trucks, The Netherlands has 8 natural gas boats. (t): LNG vehicles and refuelling stations (u): All NGVs in Iceland run on biogas. The monthly fuel sales average came from the biogas sales. (v): Include in the total LDVs are 6 cars, 2 AUVs, and 2 three-wheleers. All are in demonstration.

3 October 2006 Gas Vehicles Report 35 Worldwide fuel prices balance, The GVR December September 2006 Premium Gasoline Growth Regular Gasoline Growth Diesel Gasoline Growth CNG (Euro/m3) Growth Argentina % % % % Armenia Austria % % % % Bangladesh % % % % Belarus Belgium Bolivia Bosnia & Herzegovina (a) % % % Brazil % % % Bulgaria % % Canada % % % Chile % % % % China % % % % Colombia Croatia Czech Republic (b) % % % % Egypt % % % Finland France % % % Germany % % % % Iceland (c) % % % % India % % % % Indonesia Iran Italy % % % Japan (d) % % % % Korea % % % Latvia % % % % Liechtenstein Luxembourg Malaysia % % % % Mexico Moldova Netherlands % % % % New Zealand Norway % % % % Pakistan % % % Philippines Poland (e) Portugal Russia % % % % Serbia & Montenegro % % % Singapore (f) Slovakia (g) % Spain Sweden % % % Switzerland % % % % Tajikistan Thailand Trinidad & Tobago Turkey (h) % % % % Ukraine % % % % United Kingdom (i) U.S.A % % % Venezuela % % % % Notes: (a): VAT is not yet included in diesel prices (b): Excluded the excise tax of premium gasoline. VAT and excise duty on CNG are included. (c): Diesel retail price is inclusive VAT. Service fee is not yet added in the premium gasoline price. (d): The 5% VAT is not yet included. (e): VAT is included in the CNG price. (f): Gasoline and diesel prices have been raising steadily in The diesel price increased by 20% in April-August (g): Slovak's fuel retail prices include 19% VAT (h): All taxes included (i): VAT exclusive in 2003, inclusive in 2006 data

4 36 October 2006 Gas Vehicles Report Import duty for natural gas vehicle and refuelling station equipment Type of equipment Import duty rate Remarks T U R A L G A S C L E E Q U I P N A V E H I M E N T E u r o p e In general, 0% rate is given to import between EU countries. In 0% Czech Republic, import duty rates are 2-12%. The duty in Switzerland European Union member is 7.6%, in Italy is 0% All countries (1) The10% minimum rate is the Common Custom Tariff in the Minimal 10% European Union for the import from countries outside the EU. Egypt All 20% - 0% This rate is only for import from EU countries. Turkey is the first and only country that has the privillege Turkey All to adopt the EU policy in custom duties and charges. 10% Turkey applies EU Common Custom Tariff for imports from the third countries. O u t s i d e E u r o p e Argentina Cylinder 14% As approved in the Mercosur Agreement Armenia All 10% Subject to 20% VAT 4% Advance Cylinder and cylinder valves 0% Bangladesh Income Tax (AIT) Other equipments 0% - Brazil Cylinder 14% According to Mercosur Agreement China (2) Motor vehicles and parts 2%-5% When exporting to China, it is advisabel to find a local partner (agent or import-export company) to help finding the right way into the market and coordinate with the authorities. India CNG kits and parts 5% The import duty for the raw materials of CNG kits and parts is 25-35% Japan Receptacles and cylinders 0% Both items are regarded as quick coupling and, thus, being exempt from import duties. Korea CNG engines 5% The import duty is 5% on a cost and freight (C&F) basis. Malaysia Natural gas conversion kits 0% - Pakistan CNG Kits and cylinders 0% Import duty exemption from October 1997 to October The government plans to impose 15% GST and 10% import duty. Singapore All 0% Zero import duty for all equipment CNG tank 10% Thailand - Others 1% Conversion kits 2,5% Trinidad and Tobago - CNG cylinder 25% U.S.A. All 0-25% (imported directly or indirectly from Cuba, Laos and North Details are available online at ers_current/0410c87.pdf with a complementary explanation at Korea) 0-2,5% (imported from other countries) R E F U E L L I N G S T A T I O N ers_current/0410gn.pdf. E Q U I P M E N T E u r o p e In general, 0% rate is given to import between EU countries. In Czech Republic, import duty rates are 2-8% (4% for compressors from outside EU countries). The 0% duty in Switzerland is 7.6%; the European Union member importer will receive back duty of All countries and Turkey (1) the exporting country as the exporting country normally has higher duty rates than Switzerland. A 0% duty in Italy. For imports from the third Minimum 10% countries (non EU) Bulgaria All 5% - Egypt All 20% - O u t s i d e E u r o p e Armenia All 10% Subject to 20% VAT Bangladesh All 0% - China All 8,8% - Japan Compressor and nozzle 0% - Korea CNG fuelling station parts 5% The import duty is 5% on a cost and freight (C&F) basis. Pakistan CNG plant machinery and 0% The government plans to impose 15% GST and 10% import duty in equipment November Singapore All 0% No import duty for all equipment Compressor 3% Thailand - Others 1% Trinidad and Tobago Compressor system, storage 2.50% Import from Italy pack (cylinder), dispenser Cities with CNG refuelling stations Number of cities Last Update Germany 577 Jan. '06 Italy 443 Sept. '04 Japan 443 Sept. '04 Argentina 292 May '06 Brazil 188 Jul. '06 Russia 164 Feb. '06 China 74 Sept. '04 Pakistan 50 Oct. '05 Iran 57 Aug '06 Korea 34 May. '05 Sweden 30 Dec. '04 Colombia 27 Jun. '06 France 26 Aug. '02 Venezuela 24 Jul. '04 Armenia 23 Jan. '05 Austria 19 Sep. '06 Egypt 16 Apr '06 Switzerland 15 Aug. '06 Spain 13 Jan. '06 Bulgaria 12 Mar. '06 Czech Republic 11 Oct. '02 Trinidad & Tobago 11 Oct. '05 Bangladesh 8 Nov. '05 Slovakia 6 Nov. '05 Netherlands 6 Oct. '05 United Kingdom 5 Nov. '04 Chile 6 Jun. '05 Bolivia 6 Jun. '06 Portugal 5 Jul. '04 Norway 3 Oct. '04 Malaysia 3 Oct. '04 Thailand 3 Oct. '04 Hungary 2 Aug. '02 Luxembourg 2 Jan. '06 Mexico 2 Jun. '05 Turkey 2 Aug. '04 Croatia 1 Oct. '05 Iceland 1 Oct. '05 Liechtenstein 1 Sept. '04 Macedonia 1 Jan. '05 Philippines 1 Oct.'05 Serbia & Montenegro 2 Mar. '06 Singapore 1 Jul. '05 Taiwan 1 Apr'. 05 Total 2,040 Cities with refuelling stations Europe Worlwide Import duty Notes: 1- European Union member countries: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden and the United Kingdom. When introducing merchandises into Italy, exporters shall fill in an intrastat declaration. 2- Luxury cars and garbage vehicles needs to be approved by MOFTEC's Special Commissioner's Offices. MOFTEC's offices are located in Tianjin, Dalian, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Hainan, Nanjing, Fuzhou, Qingdao, Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Nanning, Chengdu, Xi'an and Hangzhou. Their main tasks include strengthening foreign trade management at the local level, and the issuance of import and export licences. The import duty for NGV is 37% in 2004, 17% in 2005 and 0% in 2006 for WTO commitments. Comments to info@thegvr.com

5 October 2006 Gas Vehicles Report 37 Worldwide NGV and fuelling station growth, Natural Gas Vehicles Refuelling stations Difference Growth Difference Growth Date of reference NORTH & SOUTH AMERICA Argentina 1,294,615 1,457, ,503 13% 1,334 1, % Oct. '04-Oct. '05 Brazil 826,364 1,011, ,842 22% 650 1, % Dec. '04-Oct. '05 Colombia 47,880 72,136 24,256 51% % Oct. '04-Jun. '05 Bolivia 15,486 35,810 20, % % Apr. '04-Oct. '05 Chile 3,770 5,500 1,730 46% % Apr. '04-Jun. '05 Trinidad & Tobago 3,800 4, % % Jul. '04-Oct. '05 Mexico 3,037 3, % % Mar. '04-Oct. '05 Sub-total 2,194,952 2,588, ,855 2,142 2, ASIA & MIDDLE EAST Pakistan 475, , ,000 47% % Jan. '04-Oct. '05 China 79,600 97,200 17,600 22% % Jun. '04-Jan. '05 Bangladesh 31,650 41,314 9,664 31% % Oct. '04-Oct. '05 Armenia 28,328 38,100 9,772 34% % Oct. '04-Feb. '05 Japan 21,305 24,648 3,343 16% % Jun. '04-Jun. '05 Iran 15,000 63,779 48, % % Oct. '04-Oct. '05 Malaysia 10,500 14,900 4,400 42% % Apr. '04-May '05 Korea 6,060 7,999 1,939 32% % Nov. '04-Sep. '05 Thailand 4,311 8,500 4,189 97% % Oct. '04-Dec. '05 Philippines % % Jul. '04-Oct. '05 Singapore % % Oct. '04-Jul. '05 Sub-total 671, , ,688 1,200 1, EUROPE Italy 381, , % % Jun. '04-Jul. '05 Ukraine 55,000 67,000 12,000 22% % Jun. '04-May. '05 Russia 40,500 41,780 1,280 3% % Jul. '04-May '05 Germany 25,000 27,200 2,200 9% % Oct. '04-Sept. '05 France 7,200 8,400 1,200 17% % Jan. '04-Oct. '05 Belarus 5,500 5, % % May '04-May '05 Bulgaria 2,100 7,305 5, % % Oct. '04-Sept. '05 Sweden 4,238 5,298 1,060 25% % Jan. '04-Jan. '05 Switzerland 1,044 1, % % Sept. '04-Sept. 05 Spain % % Feb. '04-Sept. '05 Poland % % May '04-Apr. '05 Austria % % May '04-Oct. '05 Netherlands % % Jun. '04-Nov. '05 Turkey % % Aug. '04-Nov. '05 Czech Republic % % May '04-May '05 Belgium % % Oct. '04-Nov. '05 Slovakia % % Sept. '04-Nov. '05 Portugal % % Jan'04-Jan. '05 Norway % % Jul. '04-Apr. '05 Croatia % % Oct. '04-Oct. '05 Finland % % Apr. '04-Jan. '05 Iceland % % Nov. '04-Oct. '05 Luxembourg % % Jul.'04-Nov.'05 Bosnia & Herzegovina % Apr. '04-Apr. '05 Sub-total 525, ,226 25,860 1,734 1, AFRICA Egypt 54,374 61,590 7,216 13% % Jul. '04-Jul. '05 Sub-total 54,374 61,590 7, WORLWIDE Total 3,446,465 4,198, ,619 5,162 6,802 1,640 Additional data (not included in the growth counting) U.S.A. 136, ,876 10,858 8% 1,340 1, % Dec. '03-Dec. '04 India 222, Mar. '04 Venezuela 44, Apr. '04 Canada 20, Sept. '03 Tajikistan 10, May '05 Indonesia 4, Apr. '02 Moldavia 800 4,500 3, % % Dec. '01-May. '05 Australia 2,104 2, % 127 Jul. '01-Nov. '05 United Kingdom Nov. '04 New Zealand Jun. '04 Latvia Oct. '04 Algeria Oct. '04 Serbia & Montenegro 92 2 Dec. '04 Ireland 81 2 Sept. '03 Macedonia 32 1 Jan. '05 Nigeria 28 2 May '98 Liechtenstein 26 1 Sept. '04 Taiwan % % Jul. '03-Apr. '05 Total 291,489 21,910 3, Notes: NNGVs, With a growth rate of 46%-424%, ten countries with NGV population above vehicles in Asia, Europe, Middle East and South America experienced the biggest NGV growth in Those countries in highest ranking are Poland, Iran, Bulgaria, Bolivia, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Colombia, Thailand, Pakistan, and Chile. However, if we look at the increase of the number of NGV population, South American countries dominates the top-ten ranking. Those countries are Pakistan, Brazil, Argentina, Iran, Colombia, Bolivia, China, Ukraine, Armenia,and Bangladesh. The increase is from to NGVs in one year. Fuelling Stations, The top-ten fuelling station growth by percentage (38%-220%) took place in Iran, Belgium, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, Spain, Finland, and Sweden with the lowest growth. Those countries have at least 60 stations in their land. Biggest fuelling station increase by number took place in Brazil with 488 stations, followed by Pakistan, Argentina, Germany, Colombia, Iran, Bangladesh, China, Italy, and Bolivia with an increase of 25 station in

6 38 October 2006 Gas Vehicles Report Worldwide fuel prices Premium Gasoline Regular Gasoline Diesel CNG (Euro/m3) CNG price equivalent per litre gasoline CNG price equivalent per litre diesel Argentina Armenia Austria (a,c) Bangladesh Belarus Belgium Bolivia B. & Herzegovina (d) Brazil (b,e) Bulgaria (a, f) Canada Chile (g) China Colombia Croatia (a, h) Czech Republic (i) Egypt (b) Finland (j) France Germany (a) Iceland (k) India Indonesia Iran (l) Italy (m) Japan (n) Korea (b) Latvia Liechtenstein Luxembourg Malaysia (o) Mexico Moldova Netherlands (a) New Zealand (p) Norway Pakistan (a) Philippines Poland (q) Portugal (r) Russia S. & Montenegro (a, s) Singapore (a, t) Slovakia (u) Spain (v) Sweden (w) Switzerland (a, x) Tajikistan Thailand (a, y) Trinidad & Tobago Turkey (z) Ukraine United Kingdom (a1) U.S.A. (b1) Venezuela Ratio price differential of NG to other fuels CNG / Premium CNG / Regular CNG Gasoline Gasoline Diesel Argentina 35.5% 42.4% 52.7% Armenia 30.2% 29.9% 46.0% Austria 47.1% 47.9% 57.4% Bangladesh 17.2% 18.3% 30.2% Belarus 43.9% 62.6% Belgium 32.0% 34.5% 51.3% Bolivia 29.3% 44.7% B. & Herzegovina 27.6% 35.0% 34.7% Brazil 35.8% 38.7% 61.9% Bulgaria 33.6% 36.5% 42.3% Canada 45.9% 68.4% Chile 35.2% 35.2% 66.4% China 48.5% 54.2% 66.7% Colombia 36.9% 47.0% 82.9% Croatia 27.4% 26.2% 33.9% Czech Republic 54.9% 63.0% 65.0% Egypt 28.3% 41.3% 77.0% Finland 48.1% 49.3% 69.8% France 57.2% 57.2% 89.6% Germany 43.2% 44.3% 65.3% Iceland 64.6% 71.1% 83.6% India 29.9% 31.2% 50.3% Indonesia 44.0% 59.0% 71.0% Iran 16.3% 22.4% 109.0% Italy 36.3% 37.1% 44.6% Japan 40.8% 44.9% 65.8% Korea 32.8% 32.8% 47.6% Latvia 27.1% 29.4% 38.1% Liechtenstein 75.4% 77.1% 86.4% Luxembourg 47.7% 48.6% 67.6% Malaysia 36.3% 38.4% 53.1% Mexico 38.1% 41.7% 60.4% Moldova 32.3% 43.0% Netherlands 26.6% 27.5% 39.4% New Zealand 48.7% 51.0% 90.4% Norway 33.2% 34.3% 45.8% Pakistan 30.5% 34.0% 59.2% Philippines 34.7% 37.7% 46.5% Poland 27.3% 28.5% 35.0% Portugal 43.6% 46.0% 72.3% Russia 28.8% 32.3% 41.0% S. & Montenegro 18.2% 20.5% 27.2% Singapore 38.4% 34.4% 63.9% Slovakia 39.7% 36.7% 42.8% Spain 39.2% 43.1% 50.8% Sweden 69.0% 78.7% Switzerland 60.2% 62.3% 68.5% Tajikistan 34.2% 47.9% Thailand 24.9% 25.8% 30.5% Trinidad & Tobago 32.2% 35.8% 75.6% Turkey 40.6% 40.9% 57.8% Ukraine 30.5% 33.6% 38.5% United Kingdom 41.0% 41.8% 50.1% U.S.A. 68.1% 76.7% Venezuela 1.9% 3.7% Notes: (a): In these countries the local gauge unit is Euro/kg, the conversion factor depends on the normal density of gaseous natural gas in each country. (b): In Brasil, Korea and Egypt diesel is only allowed in heavy duty engines, buses and trucks. (c): In Austria, the fuel taxes since are Euro/m3 for CNG, Euro/lt for diesel (containing max. 10mg/kg sulphur) and Euro/litre for unleaded gasoline. (d): VAT and additional fuel taxes are included in premium and regular gasoline price. For CNG price, VAT is already included; there is no additional tax for CNG. (e): Premium and regular gasoline contain 25% alcohol. The price of aditive gasoline is 0.67 Euro/litre. Alcohol for vehicles cost is 0.33 Euro/litre. (f): Bulgarian CNG price is 0,45 Euro/kg. The normal density of CNG in Bulgaria is 0.71 kg/nm3, the energy content is 9.3 kwh/nm3. Gasoline energy conten is 8.79 kwh/litre and 9.83kWH/litre for diesel. (g): Exclusive annual taxi's patent fee. Private owners = 786 US$/year (647 Euro/year).Commercial fleet= 360 US$/year (296 Euro/year).,(h): Normal density of CNG in Croatia is kg/m3. CNG price in October 2005 is 0.43 Euro/kg. (i): The excise tax for premium gasoline is not yet incorporated. The excise taxes for regular gasoline, diesel and CNG are included. Also, 22% VAT is included in the CNG price. (j): In May 2005, CNG price is first made public in Finland. Before, CNG is only sold to private fleets. (k): Diesel retail price is inclusive VAT but no other taxes. Owners of diesel vehicles must pay an extra tax, which depends on the vehicle weight and the mileage. For trucks, total fuel price for diesel ends up lower than CNG. In July 2005, diesel tax will be incorporated in the retail price. Service fee is already included in all fuels except in the premium gasoline price. (l): Iranian fuel energy contents: CNG= 13.9kWH/kg = 10.78kWH/m3; diesel = kwh/litre; gasoline = 9.79kWH/litre. The normal density of CNG is 0.775kg/Nm3. (m): Italian CNG's normal density is 0.72 kg/nm3. CNG price is 0.70 Euro/kg. The energy contents are: CNG=9.3kWh/m3 and 13 keh/kg; diesel=9.7 kwh/lt; gasoline=8.7 kwh/lt. (n): The 5% VAT is not yet included. Normally, CNG price depends on the consumption volume of the customers. (o): In Malaysia, CNG is measured/sold in a litre equivalent gasoline. (p): CNG prices in New Zealand are between NZ$/kg ( Euro/m3) (q): There is no excise duty on CNG consumption. VAT is included in the CNG price. (r): The market was liberalised on January 1st, CNG price increased from 0.45 Euro/m3 to 0.55 Euro/m3 (s): The normal density of 1 Nm3 CNG is 0,76 kg in Serbia and Montenegro. (t): The normal density of 1 Nm3 CNG in Singapore is 0.76 kg (u): Slovak's fuel retail prices include 19% VAT (v): The normal density of 1 Nm3 CNG in Spain is kg; fuel energy content (pcs) of CNG is 11.77kWh/Nm3=14.79kWh/kg; for diesel is 10.26kWh/litre and for gasoline is 9.23kWh/litre. CNG price in Sept. 05 was Euro/kg. LNG price was 3.47 Euro/kg without transport (0.234 Euro/kWH <pcs>). (w): The annual road tax in Sweden is about 500 Euro higher for diesel cars (varies by vehicle weight) than for gasoline cars. This higher road tax compensates lower fuel taxes on diesel. CNG cars have the same annual road tax as gasoline cars. CNG energy content is 11,05 kwh/nm3, gasoline = 8.8 kwh/litre, diesel = 9.87 kwh- /litre, biogas = 9.77 kwh/litre. (x):the normal density of Swiss biogas and CNG is 0.79 kg/m3. Energy content of CNG is 10.3kWH/Nm3 and 13.04kWh/kg, 1 litre diesel is 9.83kWh/litre and 1 litre gasoline is 8.79kWh/litre. Biogas price in January 2006 was 0.89 (Euro/kg) = 0.70 Euro/Nm^3 = 0.61 Euro/litre equivalent gasoline = 0.66 Euro/litre equivalent diesel. (y): Thai's CNG normal density is 0.73 kg/nm3. (z): All taxes included. Fuel energy content in Turkey: CNG = kwh/nm3; diesel = 9.95kWH/litre; gasoline = 8.93 kwh/litre; LPG = Notes: This calculation in this table was made based on the ratio between CNG and the respective oil prices. Also, the energy content of each fuels in each country was taken into consideration. Assumption made for fuel price calculation CH4 content in natural gas is 97% CNG energy content is 9.6 kwh/nm3 Gasoline energy content is 8.6 kwh/litre Diesel energy content is 9.85 kwh/litre These conversion units are used in CNG price equivalent to gasoline and diesel, except the exact units of each countries are notified in the foot notes. Fuel price fluctuation in 2005 In Germany, market leader oil Company Aral increased 106 times and decreased 93 times gasoline price. Shell increased fuel prices 63 times and decreased the prices 54 times in the Netherlands. The highest advice price for gasoline was 1.46 Euro in Germany, and 1.55 Euro for The Netherlands. 7.15kWH/litre. LPG price is 0.75 Euro/litre in November Normal density of CNG is kg/nm3. (a1): VAT inclusive. The taxes are 0.69 Euro/litre for ultralow sulphur unleaded petrol/diesel, 0.75 Euro- /litre for conventional unleaded petrol, 0.77 Euro/litre for diesel, 0.39 Euro/litre for bio-diesl and bio-ethanol, and 0.09 Euro/Nm3 for CNG. The normal density of British CNG is 0.73 kg/nm3 (b1): The local gauges in the US are gallon (diesel and gasoline) and GGE (gallon equivalent gasoline for CNG). The conversion factor is 1 US gallon = 3.79 litre.

7 October 2006 Gas Vehicles Report 39 Ratio of CNG and liquid fuels prices around the world - ordered by percentage CNG/Premium Gasoline CNG/Regular Gasoline CNG/Diesel Venezuela 1.9% Bangladesh 18.3% Venezuela 3.7% Iran 16.3% Serbia & Montenegro 20.5% Serbia & Montenegro 27.2% Bangladesh 17.2% Iran 23.4% Bangladesh 30.2% Serbia & Montenegro 18.2% Thailand 25.8% Thailand 30.5% Thailand 24.9% Croatia 26.2% Croatia 33.9% Netherlands 26.6% Netherlands 27.5% Bosnia & Herzegovina 34.7% Latvia 27.1% Poland 28.5% Poland 35.0% Poland 27.3% Latvia 29.4% Latvia 38.1% Croatia 27.4% Armenia 29.4% Ukraine 38.5% Bosnia & Herzegovina 27.6% India 31.2% Netherlands 39.4% Egypt 28.3% Moldova 32.3% Russia 41.0% Russia 28.8% Russia 32.3% Bulgaria 42.3% Bolivia 29.3% Korea 32.8% Slovakia 42.8% India 29.9% Ukraine 33.6% Moldova 43.0% Armenia 30.2% Pakistan 34.0% Italy 44.6% Pakistan 30.5% Tajikistan 34.2% Bolivia 44.7% Ukraine 30.5% Norway 34.3% Norway 45.8% Belgium 32.0% Singapore 34.4% Armenia 46.0% Trinidad & Tobago 32.2% Belgium 34.5% Philippines 46.5% Korea 32.8% Bosnia & Herzegovina 35.0% Korea 47.6% Norway 33.2% Chile 35.2% Tajikistan 47.9% Bulgaria 33.6% Trinidad & Tobago 35.8% United Kingdom 50.1% Philippines 34.7% Bulgaria 36.5% India 50.3% Chile 35.2% Slovakia 36.7% Spain 50.8% Argentina 35.5% Italy 37.1% Belgium 51.3% Brazil 35.8% Philippines 37.7% Argentina 52.7% Italy 36.3% Malaysia 38.4% Malaysia 53.1% Malaysia 36.3% Brazil 38.7% Austria 57.4% Colombia 37.2% Turkey 40.9% Turkey 57.8% Mexico 38.1% Egypt 41.3% Pakistan 59.2% Singapore 38.4% Mexico 41.7% Mexico 60.4% Spain 39.2% United Kingdom 41.8% Brazil 61.9% Slovakia 39.7% Argentina 42.4% Belarus 62.6% Turkey 40.6% Spain 43.1% Singapore 63.9% Japan 40.8% Belarus 43.9% Czech Republic 65.0% United Kingdom 41.0% Germany 44.3% Germany 65.4% Germany 43.2% Japan 44.9% Japan 65.8% Portugal 43.6% Portugal 46.0% Chile 66.4% Indonesia 44.0% Austria 47.9% China 66.7% Canada 45.9% Luxembourg 48.6% Luxembourg 67.6% Austria 47.1% Colombia 49.3% Canada 68.4% Luxembourg 47.7% Finland 49.3% Switzerland 68.5% Finland 48.1% New Zealand 51.0% Finland 69.8% China 48.5% China 54.2% Indonesia 71.0% New Zealand 48.7% France 57.2% Portugal 72.3% Czech Republic 54.9% Indonesia 59.0% Trinidad & Tobago 75.6% France 57.0% Switzerland 62.3% U.S.A. 76.7% Switzerland 60.2% Czech Republic 63.0% Egypt 77.0% Iceland 64.6% Sweden 69.0% Sweden 78.7% U.S.A. 68.1% Iceland 71.1% Colombia 83.6% Liechtenstein 75.4% Liechtenstein 77.1% Iceland 83.6% Liechtenstein 86.4% France 89.6% New Zealand 90.4% Iran 109.0%

8 40 October 2006 Gas Vehicles Report European NGV statistics Natural Gas Vehicles N/m3 Refuelling Stations Refuelling Stations under construction monthlysales Public Private Compresed VRA (c) Last update Total Cars/LDVs Buses Trucks average Total Hoses total capacity use (a) use (b) (m3/hour) Total Public Private Italy (d) 402, ,000 1, ,000, , , Feb. '06 Ukraine 67,000 7,000 30,500 29,500 45,700, May. '05 Russia 46,000 3,000 8,000 35,000 19,776, , Feb '06 Germany (e) 38,933 30,557 1,277 6, Jan. '06 Bulgaria (f) 12,500 12, ,800, Mar. '06 France 8,900 6,500 2, Apr. '06 Sweden 7,880 7, Dec. '05 Belarus 5,500 2,250, May '05 Moldavia 4,500 1,182,500 8 May. '05 Switzerland (g) 2,081 1, , , Aug. '06 Spain (h) ,000, Jan. '06 Poland (i) , Apr. '05 Austria , Sept. '06 Netherlands (j) , Jan. '06 Turkey , Nov. '05 United Kingdom (k) Feb. '06 Czech Republic , Apr. '06 Latvia Oct. '04 Belgium Nov. '05 Slovakia , , Apr. '06 Portugal , Jan. '05 Norway Apr. '05 Hungary Apr. '06 Croatia , Oct. '05 Serbia & Montenegro Mar. '06 Finland , Jan. '05 Ireland Sept. '03 Luxembourg , Jan. '06 Iceland (l) , Jan. '06 Macedonia ,000 1 Jan. '05 Liechtenstein , Sept. '04 Bosnia & Herzegovina Apr. '05 Total 602, ,944 45,828 74,406 2,127 1, ,808 Notes: (a): Open to general public (b): Exclusively for private fleet (c): Vehicle Refuelling Appliance (d): VRA is still not allowed in Italy. (e): Germany opens about 3 new natural gas stations per week. The total NGV population noted above is an estimate figure. From the total amount Average European fuel prices of NGVs, 500 vehicles are classified as other vehicles (off-road, etc). (f): From 7305 NGVs, 5 of those are off-road vehicles. Four more fuelling stations are built in Burgas, Bansko, Shumen, St.Zagora cities. (g): New refuelling station units (new constructions) are only supported if it is for public use with exception for big fleet projects. (h): From 944 NGVs in Spain, 32 are off-road vehicles (i): From the total NGV population in Poland, 116 vehicles are up to 3,5 tonnes. (j): In addition to NG cars/ldvs and trucks, The Netherlands has 8 natural gas boats. (k): LNG vehicles and refuelling stations (l): All NGVs in Iceland run on biogas. The monthly fuel sales average came from the biogas sales European refuelling stations European NGVs European refuelling stations Private Trucks under construction 0.51 Public Cars/ 22% Buses 12% 78% LDVs Private 8% Public 80% 23% 77% Premium (Euro/l) Regular (Euro/l) Diesel (Euro/l) CNG (Euro/m3) Fuel prices in Europe Premium Regular CNG price CNG price Diesel CNG Gasoline Gasoline equivalent per equivalent per (Euro/Nm3) litre gasoline litre diesel Austria (a,b) Belarus Belgium Bosnia & Herzegovina (d) Bulgaria (a) Croatia (a, c) Czech Republic (d) Finland (e) France Germany (a) Iceland (f) Italy (m) Latvia Liechtenstein Luxembourg Moldova Netherlands (a) Norway Poland (q) Portugal (h) Russia Serbia & Montenegro (a, i) Slovakia (j) Spain (k) Sweden (l) Switzerland (a, m) Turkey (n) Ukraine United Kingdom (a, o) Notes: (a): In these countries the local gauge unit is Euro/kg, the conversion factor depends on the normal density of gaseous natural gas in each country. (b): In Austria, the fuel taxes since are Euro/m3 for CNG, Euro/lt for diesel (containing max. 10mg/kg sulphur) and Euro/litre for unleaded gasoline. (c): Normal density of CNG in Croatia is kg/m3. CNG price in October 2005 is 0.43 Euro/kg. (d): The excise tax for premium gasoline is not yet incorporated. The excise taxes for gasoline, diesel and CNG are included. Also, 22% VAT is included in the CNG price. (e): In May 2005, CNG price is first made public in Finland. Before, CNG is only sold to private fleets. (f): Diesel retail price is inclusive VAT but no other taxes. Owners of diesel vehicles must pay an extra tax, which depends on the vehicle weight and the mileage. For trucks, total fuel price for diesel ends up lower than CNG. In July 2005, diesel tax will be incorporated in the retail price. Service fee is already included in all fuels except in the premium gasoline price. (g): There is no excise duty on CNG consumption. VAT is included in the CNG price. (h): The market was liberalised on January 1st, CNG price increased from 0.45 Euro/m3 to 0.55 Euro/m3 (i): There are three kinds of premium gasoline: Super Gasoline (SG) 98 octane, SG 95 octane and Premim Gasoline (PG) 95 octane. For diesel, Serbia & Montenegro has Diesel (D2) and Euro Diesel (ED). (j): Slovak's fuel retail prices include 19% VAT (k): The normal density of 1m3 CNG is kg and the price for Sept. 05 was Euro/kg. LNG price is Spain is 3.47 Euro/kg without transport (0.234 Euro/kWH <pcs>). (l): The annual road tax in Sweden is about 500 Euro higher for diesel cars (varies by vehicle weight) than for gasoline cars. This higher road tax compensates lower fuel taxes on diesel. CNG cars have the same annual road tax as gasoline cars. (m): Biogas price in Sept. 05 was 0.89 Euro/kg and 1.22 Euro/litre for biodiesel (5% biofuel).the normal density of biogas and CNG is 0.79 kg/m3. (n): All taxes included (o): VAT exclusive.

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