ACEA Report. Vehicles in use Europe 2018

Transcription

1 ACEA Report Vehicles in use Europe 2018

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Summary... 2 Vehicles in use in Europe... 3 Passenger cars... 3 Light commercial vehicles... 4 Medium and heavy commercial vehicles... 5 Buses... 6 Total commercial vehicles... 7 Total vehicles... 8 Vehicles in use by age... 9 Passenger cars... 9 Light commercial vehicles Medium and heavy commercial vehicles Vehicles in use by fuel type Passenger cars Light commercial vehicles Medium and heavy commercial vehicles Parc density Passenger cars Commercial vehicles Vehicle ownership ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

3 SUMMARY The EU passenger car fleet grew by 5.7% over the last five years; the number of vehicles on the road went from 243 to 257 million (page 3) million vans are in circulation throughout the European Union. Counting more than 6 million vehicles, France has the largest van fleet, followed by Spain, the UK and Italy (page 4). There are 6.3 million trucks on the EU s roads. With more than 1 million trucks, Poland has the largest truck fleet in the EU, followed closely by Germany and Italy (page 5). 745,000 buses are in operation throughout the European Union (page 6). Cars are on average 10.5 years old in the EU. Lithuania and Romania have the oldest fleets, with vehicles older than 16 years, while the youngest cars can be found in Luxembourg (6.3 years) and the UK (7.8 years) (page 9). The average age of vans in the EU is 10.5 years. Among the EU s five big automobile markets, Spain has the oldest light commercial vehicle fleet, followed closely by Italy (page 10). Trucks are on average 11.7 years old in the European Union. Greek trucks are the oldest ones, with an average age of almost 21 years (page 11). Despite an increase in registrations in recent years, alternatively-powered passenger cars make up only 3.4% of the total EU car fleet (page 12). Diesel-powered light commercial vehicles are dominant in all EU countries except for Greece: almost 90% of the EU van fleet runs on diesel (page 13). Nearly all trucks in the European Union run on diesel (96.1%), petrol fuels only 1% (page 14). The EU counts 511 cars per 1,000 inhabitants. The highest number of cars per inhabitant can be found in Luxembourg, while Romania has the lowest car density in the EU (page 15). There are 77 commercial vehicles per 1,000 inhabitants in the EU, Portugal has the highest number per inhabitant: 119 (page 16). In Hungary nearly half of all households (48.3%) do not have a car and in Denmark almost 40%. By contrast, more than 30% of French families have two cars (page 17). ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

4 VEHICLES IN USE IN EUROPE 1 Passenger cars %change 16/15 Austria 4,584,202 4,641,308 4,694,921 4,748,048 4,821, Belgium 5,392,909 5,439,295 5,511,080 5,587,415 5,669, Croatia 1,445,000 1,433,563 1,458,149 1,489,338 1,540, Czech Republic 4,698,800 4,787,849 4,893,562 5,115,316 5,368, Denmark 2,225,164 2,265,349 2,320,982 2,391,755 2,477, Estonia 602, , , , , Finland 2,560,190 2,575,951 2,595,867 2,612,922 2,629, France 31,600,000 31,650,000 31,799,000 31,915,493 31,999, Germany 43,431,124 43,851,230 44,403,124 45,071,209 45,803, Greece 5,138,745 5,109,435 5,102,203 5,104,908 5,126, Hungary 2,978,745 3,035,764 3,101,752 3,192,132 3,308, Ireland 1,882,550 1,910,165 1,943,868 1,985,130 2,026, Italy 37,078,274 36,962,934 37,080,753 37,351,233 37,876, Latvia 618, , , , , Lithuania 1,753,000 1,837,661 1,113,445 1,153,859 1,190, Luxembourg 344, , , , , Netherlands 8,142,000 8,154,000 8,192,570 8,336,414 8,439, Poland 18,744,412 19,389,446 20,003,863 20,723,423 21,675, Portugal 4,497,000 4,480,000 4,496,000 4,538,000 4,600, Romania 4,485,148 4,693,651 4,905,630 5,153,182 5,470, Slovakia 1,826,393 1,882,577 1,952,002 2,037,772 2,124, Slovenia 1,080,001 1,085,347 1,096,920 1,116,006 1,143, Spain 22,247,528 22,024,538 22,029,512 22,355,549 22,876, Sweden 4,447,165 4,495,473 4,585,519 4,669,063 4,768, United Kingdom 31,481,823 31,917,885 32,612,782 33,542,448 34,378, EUROPEAN UNION 243,285, ,241, ,566, ,917, ,061, Norway 2,433,147 2,487,254 2,539,513 2,592,324 2,639, Switzerland 4,300,036 4,366,895 4,430,375 4,503,865 4,571, EFTA 6,733,183 6,854,149 6,969,888 7,096,189 7,211, Russia 38,482,000 39,322,526 40,844,535 40,859,866 41,614, Turkey 8,648,875 9,283,923 9,857,915 10,589,337 11,317, Ukraine 9,910,004 9,958,943 9,581,401 9,602,581 9,679, EUROPE 307,059, ,661, ,820, ,065, ,884, Data for Bulgaria, Cyprus, Malta and Iceland not available ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

5 Light commercial vehicles %change 16/15 Austria 346, , , , , Belgium 627, , , , , Croatia 111, , , , , Czech Republic 502, , , , , Denmark 433, , , , , Estonia 54,146 57,420 61,238 65,986 71, Finland 299, , , , , France 5,896,000 5,915,000 5,965,000 5,995,177 6,014, Germany 2,141,457 2,196,265 2,274,261 2,374,822 2,485, Greece 822, , , , , Hungary 355, , , , , Ireland 299, , , , , Italy 3,853,329 3,831,774 3,844,429 3,913,579 4,002, Latvia 44,983 46,477 50,531 52,612 53, Lithuania 98,459 95,854 44,861 46,342 47, Luxembourg 26,089 27,046 27,635 28,521 29, Netherlands 906, , , , , Poland 2,303,433 2,334,415 2,399,323 2,447,764 2,515, Portugal 1,170,000 1,137,000 1,118,000 1,110,000 1,090, Romania 582, , , , , Slovakia 219, , , , , Slovenia 78,258 79,754 82,693 86,713 92, Spain 4,636,062 4,550,076 4,508,276 4,520,616 4,547, Sweden 477, , , , , United Kingdom 3,631,595 3,706,351 3,842,017 4,007,331 4,178, EUROPEAN UNION 29,915,588 29,995,986 30,347,667 30,927,538 31,592, Norway 430, , , , , Switzerland 313, , , , , EFTA 743, , , , , Russia 3,698,482 3,773,892 3,804,968 3,903,006 3,955, Turkey 3,190,725 3,354,898 3,489,743 3,704,512 3,906, Ukraine 1,400,516 1,409,805 1,423,115 1,428,513 1,441, EUROPE 38,949,018 39,328,484 39,876,827 40,793,596 41,749, Up to 3.5 tonnes ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

6 Medium and heavy commercial vehicles %change 16/15 Austria 70,138 69,538 69,229 68,860 69, Belgium 147, , , , , Croatia 36,693 37,873 38,593 39,851 40, Czech Republic 183, , , , , Denmark 42,467 41,659 41,430 41,491 42, Estonia 33,899 29,226 35,384 35,783 36, Finland 96,714 96,733 95,176 95,250 94, France 555, , , , , Germany 889, , , , , Greece 232, , , , , Hungary 86,723 86,780 87,488 86,831 88, Ireland 38,950 45,448 44,498 46,168 57, Italy 968, , , , , Latvia 36,660 35,425 34,591 30,096 32, Lithuania 83,431 84,866 44,810 46,717 50, Luxembourg 10,724 10,273 10,024 9,913 9, Netherlands 155, , , , , Poland 874, , , ,201 1,025, Portugal 125, , , , , Romania 180, , , , , Slovakia 84,134 84,128 83,825 85,577 85, Slovenia 37,661 38,269 39,775 42,571 46, Spain 535, , , , , Sweden 79,727 79,130 79,544 80,046 81, United Kingdom 557, , , , , EUROPEAN UNION 6,142,167 6,097,600 6,088,485 6,210,145 6,311, Norway 89,019 89,231 89,015 87,895 85, Switzerland 60,335 59,950 60,602 60,076 58, EFTA 149, , , , , Russia 3,890,410 3,816,621 3,888,970 3,743,380 3,741, Turkey 784, , , , , Ukraine 1,656,625 1,646,989 1,577,341 1,575,475 1,558, EUROPE 12,623,276 12,502,489 12,518,872 12,527,022 12,631, Over 3.5 tonnes ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

7 Buses %change 16/15 Austria 9,546 9,579 9,585 9,679 9, Belgium 15,796 15,775 16,028 15,926 15, Croatia 4,700 4,800 5,912 5,906 6, Czech Republic 19,279 19,716 19,889 19,966 20, Denmark 8,815 8,646 8,769 8,852 9, Estonia 4,311 4,495 4,618 4,770 4, Finland 12,012 12,183 12,446 12,455 12, France 87,000 88,000 89,000 90,000 90, Germany 76,023 76,794 77,501 78,345 78, Greece 24,733 24,774 24,871 25,007 23, Hungary 16,709 16,980 17,384 18,135 18, Ireland 8,266 8,488 8,802 9,259 9, Italy 99,537 98,551 97,914 97,991 97, Latvia 5,300 5,300 5,102 5,066 4, Lithuania 13,107 13,063 7,371 7,286 7, Luxembourg 1,703 1,728 1,759 1,778 1, Netherlands 11,000 10,000 10,102 9,385 9, Poland 99, , , , , Portugal 15,100 14,800 14,500 14,700 15, Romania 18,989 19,391 20,055 21,123 21, Slovakia 8,951 8,825 8,879 8,944 8, Slovenia 2,429 2,486 2,576 2,645 2, Spain 61,127 59,892 59,799 60,252 61, Sweden 14,203 13,986 13,992 14,114 13, United Kingdom 90,355 89,374 88,638 88,186 87, EUROPEAN UNION 728, , , , , Norway 18,234 17,593 17,172 16,716 16, Switzerland 16,792 16,137 15,713 15,684 15, EFTA 35,026 33,730 32,885 32,400 31, Russia 371, , , , , Turkey 235, , , , , Ukraine 170, , , , , EUROPE 1,541,535 1,527,097 1,511,629 1,524,614 1,536, ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

8 Total commercial vehicles %change 16/15 Austria 426, , , , , Belgium 791, , , , , Croatia 153, , , , , Czech Republic 705, , , , , Denmark 484, , , , , Estonia 92,356 91, , , , Finland 407, , , , , France 6,538,000 6,550,000 6,608,000 6,652,177 6,652, Germany 3,107,000 3,163,469 3,244,457 3,355,885 3,481, Greece 1,079,290 1,083,064 1,088,498 1,094,851 1,109, Hungary 458, , , , , Ireland 346, , , , , Italy 4,921,712 4,813,252 4,813,086 4,890,701 4,985, Latvia 86,943 87,202 90,224 87,774 90, Lithuania 194, ,783 97, , , Luxembourg 38,516 39,047 39,418 40,212 41, Netherlands 1,072,000 1,053,000 1,044,958 1,059,999 1,088, Poland 3,277,863 3,345,086 3,446,673 3,537,809 3,654, Portugal 1,310,100 1,273,200 1,251,500 1,243,700 1,224, Romania 781, , , , , Slovakia 312, , , , , Slovenia 118, , , , , Spain 5,232,813 5,130,066 5,085,343 5,107,427 5,150, Sweden 571, , , , , United Kingdom 4,279,078 4,364,718 4,500,576 4,677,162 4,862, EUROPEAN UNION 36,786,603 36,823,814 37,167,701 37,877,297 38,650, Norway 537, , , , , Switzerland 390, , , , , EFTA 928, , ,836 1,010,398 1,029, Russia 7,960,021 7,964,484 8,071,702 8,023,899 8,080, Turkey 4,211,395 4,366,881 4,515,402 4,771,619 5,002, Ukraine 3,227,724 3,226,077 3,158,687 3,162,019 3,155, EUROPE 53,113,829 53,358,070 53,907,328 54,845,232 55,918, Including buses ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

9 Total vehicles %change 16/15 Austria 5,010,283 5,075,639 5,139,421 5,201,750 5,288, Belgium 6,183,942 6,241,017 6,328,169 6,425,839 6,538, Croatia 1,598,381 1,595,647 1,624,590 1,662,490 1,724, Czech Republic 5,403,947 5,501,892 5,614,994 5,847,361 6,119, Denmark 2,709,497 2,730,684 2,780,902 2,849,905 2,936, Estonia 694, , , , , Finland 2,968,004 2,985,879 3,007,744 3,028,333 3,048, France 38,138,000 38,200,000 38,407,000 38,567,670 38,651, Germany 46,538,124 47,014,699 47,647,581 48,427,094 49,285, Greece 6,218,035 6,192,499 6,190,701 6,199,759 6,235, Hungary 3,437,219 3,501,230 3,579,786 3,687,078 3,821, Ireland 2,229,029 2,268,722 2,302,123 2,356,901 2,409, Italy 41,999,986 41,776,186 41,893,839 42,241,934 42,862, Latvia 704, , , , , Lithuania 1,947,997 2,031,444 1,210,487 1,254,204 1,295, Luxembourg 383, , , , , Netherlands 9,214,000 9,207,000 9,237,528 9,396,413 9,528, Poland 22,022,275 22,734,532 23,450,536 24,261,232 25,329, Portugal 5,807,100 5,753,200 5,747,500 5,781,700 5,824, Romania 5,266,680 5,503,408 5,764,023 6,065,901 6,408, Slovakia 2,138,684 2,198,463 2,272,506 2,367,911 2,461, Slovenia 1,198,349 1,205,856 1,221,964 1,247,935 1,284, Spain 27,480,341 27,154,604 27,114,855 27,462,976 28,026, Sweden 5,018,189 5,074,641 5,180,716 5,279,391 5,398, United Kingdom 35,760,901 36,282,603 37,113,358 38,219,610 39,240, EUROPEAN UNION 280,071, ,065, ,734, ,794, ,711, Norway 2,970,566 3,064,746 3,123,231 3,182,109 3,236, Switzerland 4,690,704 4,766,217 4,840,493 4,924,478 5,003, EFTA 7,661,270 7,830,963 7,963,724 8,106,587 8,240, Russia 46,442,021 47,287,010 48,916,237 48,883,765 49,695, Turkey 12,860,270 13,650,804 14,373,317 15,360,956 16,320, Ukraine 13,137,728 13,185,020 12,740,088 12,764,600 12,834, EUROPE 360,173, ,019, ,727, ,910, ,802, ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

10 VEHICLES IN USE BY AGE Passenger cars Year of first registration >10 years Total Average age (in years) Austria 287, , , , , , , , , ,037 1,897,912 4,821, Belgium 497, , , , , , , , , ,342 1,763,691 5,669, Croatia 39,333 31,641 33,446 32,715 38,422 55,185 49,439 44,681 96,752 95,074 1,023,572 1,540, Czech Republic 215, , , , , , , , , ,042 3,470,535 5,368, Denmark 209, , , , , , ,592 99, , , ,376 2,477, Estonia 20,881 19,466 20,464 20,667 22,481 21,426 15,414 14,621 33,542 42, , , Finland 115, , , , , , ,614 98, , ,054 1,448,292 2,629, France 2,127,578 2,011,839 1,876,215 1,843,174 1,929,938 2,165,155 2,156,645 2,184,352 1,938,086 1,890,971 11,876,000 31,999, Germany 3,060,105 2,977,767 2,877,502 2,625,873 2,716,670 2,779,378 2,486,054 3,248,482 2,451,394 2,332,351 18,247,984 45,803, Greece 78,415 75,777 70,553 58,111 85, , , , , ,488 3,733,242 5,126, Hungary 69,883 69,756 64,280 61,617 67,597 71,697 63,728 61, , ,728 2,427,075 3,308, Ireland 145, , , , , , ,737 92, , , ,694 2,026, Italy 1,907,632 1,651,484 1,400,208 1,308,212 1,366,359 1,692,628 1,899,452 2,076,286 2,011,757 2,313,735 20,248,385 37,876, Latvia 12,651 11,195 11,265 11,395 13,799 14,983 11,557 12,024 29,134 44, , , Lithuania 16,041 13,942 12,792 13,542 17,022 20,772 19,673 23,957 46,838 61, ,238 1,190, Luxembourg 47,558 42,621 42,257 34,095 31,471 28,086 25,710 21,893 19,545 16,626 70, , Netherlands 383, , , , , , , , , ,549 3,862,239 8,439, Poland 401, , , , , , , , , ,134 17,291,032 21,675, Portugal 192, , , , , , , , , ,493 2,809,613 4,600, Romania 60,127 55,821 58,750 79,497 69,586 94, , , , ,996 4,261,687 5,470, Slovakia 88,069 75,383 69,725 69,302 78,659 87,043 85, , , ,334 1,253,798 2,124, Slovenia 73,178 62,848 54,582 52,168 52,779 60,112 63,726 67,393 80,351 77, ,536 1,143, Spain 1,180,376 1,016, , , , , , ,430 1,019,190 1,428,558 13,662,303 22,876, Sweden 278, , , , , , , , , ,173 2,135,310 4,768, United Kingdom 2,679,763 2,616,513 2,443,580 2,209,963 1,963,985 1,842,529 1,917,222 1,877,340 1,962,957 2,211,394 12,653,140 34,378, EUROPEAN UNION 10.5 Norway 154, , , , , , , , , ,393 1,169,217 2,639, Switzerland 220, , , , , , , , , ,546 1,674,772 4,571, ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

11 Light commercial vehicles 5 Year of first registration >10 years Total Average age (in years) Austria 40,903 37,017 35,538 34,524 34,380 34,985 27,812 24,424 29,592 26, , , Belgium 64,400 56,837 49,511 48,779 48,303 50,146 42,052 38,716 43,914 41, , , Croatia 7,072 7,200 5,366 5,967 4,352 4,839 3,698 3,749 10,194 9,946 74, , Czech Republic 17,933 15,232 13,013 12,658 13,273 15,921 14,661 21,307 61,443 62, , , Denmark 35,986 32,543 28,232 23,478 21,130 19,463 13,190 11,183 20,679 34, , , Estonia 4,345 3,936 3,331 3,145 3,143 3,059 1,898 1,506 3,487 4,815 38,771 71, Finland 15,403 11,798 9,407 16,756 17,808 13,480 11,513 10,885 10,796 12, , , France 405, , , , , , , , , ,961 2,164,790 6,014, Germany 333, , , , , , , , , , ,643 3,402, Greece 5,617 5,836 5,045 3,506 3,733 6,427 22,351 25,354 31,787 31, , , Hungary 15,393 16,455 16,195 11,415 11,458 14,505 11,593 8,234 24,016 22, , , Ireland 25,439 22,051 16,842 11,915 11,329 12,117 10,915 8,826 24,355 33, , , Italy 191, , , , , , , , , ,555 2,436,112 4,002, Latvia 2,165 2,331 2,512 2,370 2,613 2,163 1,525 1,220 3,010 4,050 29,560 53, Lithuania 2,506 2,211 1,903 1,851 1,808 2,205 1,512 1,244 3,459 4,188 24,696 47, Luxembourg 3,799 3,438 2,947 2,513 2,302 2,282 1,752 1,457 1,592 1,377 6,209 29, Netherlands 70,492 58,492 53,283 52,020 56,435 58,049 46,992 44,508 67,490 58, , , Poland 57,432 51,660 69,258 46,949 47,773 61, ,024 85,958 90,279 93,114 1,791,096 2,515, Portugal 28,111 29,323 25,379 18,304 15,147 33,327 43,517 35,861 51,799 61, ,312 1,090, Romania 10,945 8,211 8,989 13,188 11,270 12,145 12,506 17,347 29,174 35, , , Slovakia 8,018 7,293 5,731 5,168 5,388 6,370 7,909 17,233 28,991 26, , , Slovenia 9,012 7,421 6,035 5,241 4,850 5,006 4,606 4,854 7,874 6,744 30,764 92, Spain 157, , ,518 84,409 82, , , , , ,765 3,131,282 4,547, Sweden 40,709 53,486 48,765 39,842 41,936 52,791 42,280 22,845 41,835 37, , , United Kingdom 374, , , , , , , , , ,982 1,497,573 4,178, EUROPEAN UNION 10.5 Norway 36,142 33,449 30,131 30,738 31,997 35,069 28,459 22,491 32,067 40, , , Switzerland 22,600 30,821 28,656 28,645 29,671 27,561 22,570 18,910 20,808 19, , , Data for Austria, Germany and Sweden also includes trucks ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

12 Medium and heavy commercial vehicles 6 Year of first registration >10 years Total Average age (in years) Austria 1, ,727 9, Belgium 9,472 8,462 8,354 7,751 8,266 8,644 7,386 7,506 9,247 8,321 75, , Croatia 1,110 1,159 1,186 1,037 1,137 1,634 1,200 1,582 3,722 3,598 29,860 47, Czech Republic 11,246 11,542 9,940 9,184 7,662 7,862 5,601 4,987 9,902 9, , , Denmark 5,011 4,505 3,693 4,028 3,509 2,743 2,376 2,841 4,193 3,630 14,549 51, Estonia 1,120 1,055 1,037 1,226 1,117 1, ,881 2,439 29,464 41, Finland 3,876 3,280 3,494 4,078 3,956 3,966 3,460 3,906 6,224 6,283 64, , France 51,866 47,257 41,938 48,242 46,975 50,636 36,763 36,398 50,756 42, , , Germany 6,355 5,799 5,201 5,291 4,548 4,395 4,630 4,937 4,671 4,240 28,882 78, Greece ,200 2,237 6,536 16, , , Hungary 5,349 6,223 5,059 5,713 3,544 3,823 2,534 2,600 5,704 5,873 60, , Ireland 3,570 2,632 2,390 2,234 2,314 2,268 2,027 2,267 5,729 6,314 35,590 67, Italy 23,211 21,884 17,736 19,191 19,137 27,220 27,653 24,338 38,730 39, , , Latvia 1,918 1,666 1,022 1,338 1,221 1, ,853 2,483 20,837 34, Lithuania 5,978 3,133 2,090 3,596 2,594 2,230 1, ,879 3,723 29,753 57, Luxembourg 1,359 1,361 1,114 1, ,591 11, Netherlands 14,609 12,287 9,699 11,938 11,474 10,984 8,885 10,058 13,215 9,531 49, , Poland 28,892 24,237 20,102 23,125 22,269 27,600 20,429 16,564 38,791 43, ,777 1,138, Portugal 4,813 4,963 3,969 3,037 2,521 3,682 4,201 4,172 6,964 7,587 88, , Romania 7,417 7,066 5,299 6,487 5,900 6,215 4,480 3,794 10,099 14, , , Slovakia 6,142 5,985 5,517 4,855 3,951 3,948 2,871 2,497 5,035 4,858 48,428 94, Slovenia 4,732 3,897 3,081 2,354 1,772 1,849 1,438 1,130 2,333 2,057 24,114 48, Spain 33,028 29,374 20,006 15,273 14,433 18,068 15,210 13,738 29,666 39, , , Sweden 1,133 1,267 1,191 1,226 1,530 1,545 1, ,172 13, United Kingdom 58,440 55,713 44,546 59,537 46,889 40,979 31,235 31,835 46,164 39, , , EUROPEAN UNION 11.7 Norway 7,537 6,384 6,571 7,032 6,668 5,749 4,792 4,240 5,596 4,801 44, , Switzerland 3,933 5,348 5,329 4,432 4,700 5,031 4,150 4,826 5,246 4,077 27,037 74, Including buses; data for Austria, Germany and Sweden only includes buses ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

13 VEHICLES IN USE BY FUEL TYPE Passenger cars Petrol Diesel Hybrids Electric (incl fuel cell) Plug-in hybrids LPG/ Natural gas % share 2016 Other Austria 42.3% 57.0% 0.4% 0.2% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% Belgium 39.5% 58.9% 0.7% 0.1% 0.2% 0.3% 0.3% Croatia 54.7% 45.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Czech Republic 61.8% 38.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.0% Denmark 68.8% 30.3% 0.5% 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Estonia 62.5% 36.7% 0.5% 0.2% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% Finland 72.2% 26.9% 0.7% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% France 34.7% 62.2% 0.8% 0.2% 0.0% 0.1% 2.0% Germany 65.5% 32.9% 0.3% 0.1% 0.0% 1.1% 0.0% Greece 91.0% 5.8% 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3.0% Hungary 69.4% 29.3% 0.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.8% 0.0% Ireland 46.6% 51.8% 1.4% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Italy 48.5% 42.9% 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 8.2% 0.0% Latvia 44.9% 53.6% 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 1.1% Lithuania 29.8% 66.8% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.9% Luxembourg 34.7% 64.2% 0.8% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% Netherlands 79.0% 16.2% 1.7% 0.2% 1.1% 1.8% 0.0% Poland 54.0% 30.2% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 14.2% 1.4% Portugal 51.3% 47.9% 0.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.2% Romania 60.8% 38.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.4% Slovakia 53.8% 41.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.2% 2.2% Slovenia 53.2% 45.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.9% 0.0% Spain 38.3% 61.1% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Sweden 60.6% 32.1% 1.2% 0.2% 0.4% 0.9% 4.7% United Kingdom 59.8% 39.1% 0.9% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% EUROPEAN UNION 53.9% 42.0% 0.5% 0.1% 0.1% 2.8% 0.6% Norway 44.8% 47.5% 2.6% 3.7% 1.3% 0.0% 0.0% Switzerland 69.5% 28.6% 1.3% 0.2% 0.0% 0.2% 0.2% ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

14 Light commercial vehicles 7 Petrol Diesel Hybrids Electric (incl plug-in) % share 2016 LPG/ Natural gas Other Austria 4.0% 95.3% 0.0% 0.3% 0.4% 0.0% Belgium 4.7% 93.2% 0.0% 0.1% 1.6% 0.4% Croatia 4.6% 94.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.6% 0.0% Czech Republic 18.3% 79.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 1.7% Denmark 11.3% 88.2% 0.3% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% Estonia 17.8% 82.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.0% Finland 3.5% 96.3% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% France 3.8% 95.2% 0.0% 0.7% 0.1% 0.3% Germany 5.3% 93.4% 0.0% 0.3% 1.1% 0.0% Greece 42.1% 36.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 21.6% Hungary 5.0% 94.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.0% Ireland 1.2% 94.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 4.4% Italy 5.6% 90.9% 0.0% 0.1% 3.4% 0.0% Latvia 4.5% 93.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.1% Lithuania 3.4% 95.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.0% Luxembourg 3.9% 95.4% 0.0% 0.3% 0.2% 0.3% Netherlands 2.9% 94.8% 0.0% 0.2% 2.1% 0.0% Poland 24.5% 66.5% 0.0% 0.0% 6.9% 2.1% Portugal 0.8% 99.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Romania 16.1% 81.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.2% Slovakia 16.8% 79.3% 0.0% 0.0% 1.3% 2.6% Slovenia 5.1% 94.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.5% 0.1% Spain 5.1% 94.7% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% Sweden 8.7% 89.4% 0.0% 0.3% 1.4% 0.3% United Kingdom 4.0% 95.8% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% EUROPEAN UNION 7.7% 89.9% 0.0% 0.2% 1.2% 1.0% Norway 6.4% 93.0% 0.0% 0.5% 0.1% 0.0% Switzerland 17.7% 81.2% 0.0% 0.2% 0.8% 0.1% 7 Data for Austria and Sweden also includes trucks ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

15 Medium and heavy commercial vehicles 8 Petrol Diesel Hybrids Electric % share 2016 LPG/ Natural gas Other Austria 0.0% 94.1% 0.1% 1.5% 4.3% 0.0% Belgium 1.7% 93.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.2% 4.9% Croatia 0.1% 99.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Czech Republic 0.8% 94.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 4.2% Denmark 0.7% 99.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.4% 0.0% Estonia 15.0% 84.7% 0.1% 0.0% 0.3% 0.0% Finland 1.4% 98.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.2% France 0.0% 99.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.6% Germany 0.5% 98.9% 0.0% 0.1% 0.3% 0.1% Greece 0.1% 56.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 43.6% Hungary 0.7% 98.9% 0.1% 0.0% 0.3% 0.0% Ireland 2.7% 96.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.9% Italy 0.5% 98.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.7% 0.0% Latvia 3.3% 95.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.4% Lithuania 2.4% 95.6% 0.0% 0.4% 0.0% 1.6% Luxembourg 0.4% 98.3% 0.4% 0.0% 0.5% 0.4% Netherlands 0.8% 97.8% 0.0% 0.1% 1.1% 0.1% Poland 3.1% 94.1% 0.0% 0.1% 1.1% 1.7% Portugal 0.0% 100.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Romania 0.3% 99.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% Slovakia 0.2% 96.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 2.8% Slovenia 0.1% 99.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.0% Spain 0.5% 98.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.6% 0.0% Sweden 0.3% 70.4% 0.5% 0.3% 16.8% 11.6% United Kingdom 0.7% 99.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% EUROPEAN UNION 1.0% 96.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.5% 2.3% Norway 4.1% 94.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.9% 0.1% Switzerland 1.4% 97.8% 0.2% 0.1% 0.4% 0.1% 8 Including buses; data for Austria and Sweden only includes buses ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

16 PARC DENSITY Passenger cars Per 1,000 inhabitants Austria Belgium Croatia Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden United Kingdom EUROPEAN UNION Norway Switzerland EFTA Russia Turkey Ukraine EUROPE ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

17 Commercial vehicles 9 Per 1,000 inhabitants Austria Belgium Croatia Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden United Kingdom EUROPEAN UNION Norway Switzerland EFTA Russia Turkey Ukraine EUROPE Including buses ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

18 VEHICLE OWNERSHIP 10 Austria Belgium Czech Denmark Finland France Hungary Netherlands Poland Slovenia Sweden Republic / Households with no cars % Households with at least one car % Households with one car % Households with two cars % Households with three or more cars % Average ownership period years Share of second-hand cars % Average distance travelled km 13,900 14,999 10,100-15,501 12,020 13,000 13,216-12,653 12,240 Average distance travelled (petrol) km - 9, ,204 8,160 12,400 10,620-10,235 9,520 Average distance travelled (diesel) km - 18, ,748 14,540 14,700 23,707-16,879 17, Latest data; only countries for which data is available are listed ACEA Report: Vehicles in use Europe

19 ABOUT ACEA ACEA represents the 15 Europe-based car, van, truck and bus manufacturers: BMW Group, DAF Trucks, Daimler, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, Ford of Europe, Honda Motor Europe, Hyundai Motor Europe, Iveco, Jaguar Land Rover, PSA Group, Renault Group, Toyota Motor Europe, Volkswagen Group, Volvo Cars, and Volvo Group. More information can be found on ABOUT THE EU AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY 13.3 million people or 6.1% of the EU employed population work in the sector. The 3.4 million jobs in automotive manufacturing represent over 11% of total EU manufacturing employment. Motor vehicles account for some 413 billion in tax contributions in the EU15. The sector is also a key driver of knowledge and innovation, representing Europe's largest private contributor to R&D, with 54 billion invested annually. The automobile industry generates a trade surplus of 90.3 billion for the EU. European Automobile Manufacturers' Association (ACEA) Avenue des Nerviens 85 B-1040 Brussels T F