2020 PRCI Project Ideas

Transcription

1 2020 PRCI Project Ideas PRCI Compressor & Pump Station Committee Meeting January 30 th, 2019 Daniel B. Olsen, Professor Mechanical Engineering Department

2 No. Research Idea Title 1 Oxidation Catalyst Degradation Studies Brown s Gas Generator for PCC Supplemental Fuel to Extend Lean Limit Field Evaluation of NOx Sensor Control of a Lean Burn NG Engine with Variable Fuel Quality Assessment of Oxidation Catalyst Methane Destruction in Exhaust Runners Characterization of Engine CH4 Exhaust Emissions Combustion Control for Improved Stability and High Efficiency Evaluation of Impact of H2 Blending on GMV4 2SLB NG Engine Compressor Station System Modeling for Improved Efficiency 2

3 30 25 Initial Degredation Post-Wash Degredation Total Poison (Atomic %) Million Catalyst Exchanges Reduction Efficiency CO Initial Degradation CO Post-Wash Degradation Formaldehyde Initial Degradation Formaldehyde Post-Wash Degradation VOCs Initial Degradation VOCs Post-Wash Degradation Million Catalyst Exchanges 3

4 1. Follow-up tests on catalyst washing technique study. Look at combining baking and chemical washing. 2. Characteristics of poison deposition on the surface: a. Variation of elemental composition across the surface of the catalyst. b. Depth: How far into the catalyst surface do the poisons (P, S, Zn) penetrate? What is the profile? 3. Precious metal form of a degraded oxidation catalyst. What form is platinum elemental or some type of oxide? If a significant amount of platinum is oxidized, then evaluate pulsing technique for regeneration high temperature alternating lean-rich CH4/O2 environment. 4. Regenerate degraded catalyst module using new process, possibly in two steps, and then do performance testing on 4SLB/slipstream. 4

5 Utilize a Brown's gas generator (H2O 0.5O2 + H2), commercially available, to feed more reactive gas to large bore engine prechambers. This should have a significant impact on lean limit, similar to reformed natural gas PCC supply previously tested at CSU. Commercial systems Hydrogen Water Cars, Parker, Better Fuel, 5

6 Objective: Field demonstration of new approach to lean burn 2-stroke engine control utilizing a NOx sensor Demonstrated feedback control of NOx@15%O2 on CSU GMV4 ECM NOx 5210g with NGK NOx Sensor Also, NH3 and NOx/NH

7 Objective: Evaluate improvement in oxidation catalyst efficiency if placed in exhaust runners/elbows. Reduction Efficiency 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% VOC Baseline: PreCat = 91.5ppm VOC Test 1: PreCat = 97.2ppm 30% VOC Test 2: PreCat = 34.8ppm VOC Test 3: PreCat = 63.0ppm 20% VOC Test 4: PreCat = 45.3ppm VOC Test 5: PreCat = 45.3ppm 10% VOC Test 6: PreCat = 57.6ppm VOC Test 7: PreCat = 61.1ppm 0% Temperature ( o F) Combustion Products + Excess Air Scavenging Air Scavenging Air + Fuel + Residual Gas Scavenging Air Combustion Products + Excess Air Blowdown Scavenging Compression Testing of prototype methane catalysts on dual fuel engines at CSU: 825 F light-off temperature. 7

8 Objective: Characterize the CH4 exhaust emissions from industrial natural gas engines for different engine types, different fuel composition, and different operating conditions Current VOC project will provide part of this data, identified below in red. Engine, NOx Level Pipeline Natural Gas High Ethane Content High C3+ Content 2SLB GMV4 (0.5 g/bhp-hr) X X X 2SLB GMV4 (2 g/bhp-hr) X X X 2SLB GMV4 (15 g/bhp-hr) X X X 4SLB Cummins QSK19G (2 g/bhp-hr) X X X 4SRB Cat 3304 Pre/Post Catalyst, (2 g/bhp-hr) 4SRB Cat CG137-8 Pre/Post Catalyst, (2 g/bhp-hr) X X X X X X 8

9 Objective: Demonstrate real-time combustion control to reduce methane emissions. Approach: Operate near knock limit for efficiency. Control 50% burn location for all cylinders, reducing combustion instability. Operate here for Min BSFC. Individual cylinder fuel control (e.g. A/F ratio, COV PP) to better balance engine with respect to emissions; overall effect is to reduce NOx and methane emissions and improve efficiency. Partners: Enginuity/Siemens for HPFI, Woodward for LECM 9

10 Use existing fuel blending hardware to blend 0-5% H2 with NG supply to GMV4. Test different configurations and emissions levels and determine the impact of H2 on emissions, BSFC, and autoignition tendency. Could also look at other constituents to simulate other potential blended fuels with pipeline natural gas. 10

11 Assistant Professor Jason Quinn, is an expert on techno-economic analysis He is the lead investigator on a current GMRC project on compressor driver options impact on GHG emissions. 11

12 Contact: Daniel B. Olsen Associate Professor Mechanical Engineering Department (970)