PROTEINS FROM HYDROCARBONS

Transcription

1 Report No. 60 PROTEINS FROM HYDROCARBONS by WING SIEN FONG February A private report by the - PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE I I MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA

2 CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION..., SUMMARY INDUSTRY STATUS... World Protein Gap... Proteins from Petroleum Hydrocarbons... Current Activities... Price... Advantages and Disadvantages... Nutritional Values CHEMISTRY Introduction Substrate Specificity.. Microorganisms....,. Oxygen Requirement.... Mechanism n-paraffins Alkenes and Cycloalkanes Aromatics Co-oxidation Kinetics, Introduction..,... Growth Curves..... Rate Equations..... Chemical Equations... Growth Limiting Factors Cell Yields Reaction By-Products PROTEINS FROM GAS OIL.. Review of Processes... Process Description... Process Discussion... Cost Estimates PROTEINS FROM n-paraffins 89 Review of Processes Process Description V

3 CONTENTS 6 (continued) Process Discussion Cost Estimates PROTEINS FROM NATURAL GAS 111 Review of Processes Process Description Process Discussion Cost Estimates ADDITIONAL NONCONVENTIONAL SOURCES FOR PROTEIN Introduction Yeast Grown on Sulfite Waste Liquor Fish Protein Concentrates Oilseed Proteins Proteins from Cellulosic Wastes, Algal Cultivations.., Proteins from Coal-Derived Materials Proteins from Starches APPENDIX CITEDREFERENCES PATENT REFERENCES BYCOMPANY., , vi

4 ILLUSTRATIONS World Population...., Demand Projection of Proteins from Petroleum for Japan... Growth Curves for Microbial Cell Production Effects of Gas Oil Cost, Lipid and Dewaxed Gas Oil By-Product Credits, and Labor, Utilities, and Capital- Related Costs on Production Cost.,., Effects of Cell Yield and Dilution Rate on Production cost..., Effects of Plant Capacity and Stream Factor on Total Production Cost Effects of n-paraffin Cost, and Labor, Utilities, and Capital-Related Costs on Production Cost Effects of Cell Yield and Dilution Rate on Production cost... Effects of Plant Capacity and Stream Factor on Production Cost Proteins from Natural Gas......, Effects of Natural Gas Cost, Exhaust Gas Credit, and Labor, Utilities, and Capital-Related Costs on Production cost..,..,... Effects of Cell Yield and Dilution Rate on Production Cost Effect of Cell Density on Production Cost....,.... Effects of Plant Capacity and Stream Factor on Production Cost Yeast Production from Sulfite Waste Liquor,,.,.,.,, Production of Fish Protein Concentrate...,..,.... Generalized Processes for the Production of Various Soy Protein Products vii

5 TABLES Capital Investment and Production Cost for the Production of, Purified n-paraffins, and Natural Gas Production of Protein from Petroleum Hydrocarbons Summary of Current Activities Summary of Protein Content and Amino Acid Distribution for Microorganism Growth Commonly Cited Microorganisms Capable of Growing on Petroleum Hydrocarbons..,....., Some of the Reported Cell Yield Data on the Production of Proteins from Petroleum Hydrocarbons (and Other Petroleum Fractions) Patent Summary Major Process Equipment and Utilities Summary Stream Flows... Total Capital Investment, , Production Costs..., ,...,.,, Approximate Costs for a Single-Fermenter Production Line Plant ,......, Patent Summary....,..., ,..... Major Process Equipment and Utilities Summary Stream Flows, , Total Capital Investment..., ,... Production Costs., , ix

6 TABLES 6.6 Approximate Costs for a Single-Fermenter Production Line Plant.,.., Proteins from Natural Gas Major Process Equipment and Utilities Summary Proteins from Natural Gas Stream Flows.., Proteins from Natural Gas Total Capital Investment.., , Proteins from Natural Gas Production Costs...,......, Approximate Costs for a Single-Fermenter Production Line Plant,.,, Recent Activities in the Production of Fish Protein Concentrates by Chemical Solvent Extraction Processes,.. 135