Modern Auto Tech Study Guide Chapter 65 & 66 Pages Tires, Wheels, Bearings 51 Points. Automotive Service. Danger of Old Tires!!

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1 Modern Auto Tech Study Guide Chapter 65 & 66 Pages Tires, Wheels, Bearings 51 Points Automotive Service Danger of Old Tires!!

2 Tires Manufactured Since 2000 Since 2000, the week and year the tire was produced has been provided by the last four digits of the Tire Identification Number with the 2 digits being used to identify the week immediately preceding the 2 digits used to identify the year.

Tires Manufactured Before 2000 The Tire Identification Number for tires produced prior to 2000 was based on the assumption that tires would not be in service for ten years.

3 Tires Manufactured Before 2000 The Tire Identification Number for tires produced prior to 2000 was based on the assumption that tires would not be in service for ten years. While they were required to provided the same information as today s tires, the week and year the tire was produced was contained in the last three digits. The 2 digits used to identify the week a tire was manufactured immediately preceded a single digit used to identify the year.

4 1. Tires act as a between the road & the vehicle as well as providing with the road surface. Tires transmit driving torque, as well as braking, and cornering forces to the road. Cushion, Traction

5 2. tires are the most common of the (air filled) type. Tubeless, Pneumatic

6 3. The of the tire holds its sidewalls snugly against the wheel flanges.

8 4. A tire s resistance is the amount of friction produced as it operates on the road surface. The less rolling resistance a tire has, the better the mileage of the vehicle will be. Rolling Static Potential

9 5. plies run at a slant & plies run at right angles from bead to bead. Bias, Radial

10 6. Radial tires have very stable footprints which improve, cornering, & wear. Traction, Handling, Braking, Mileage you name it!

11 7. Tire sizes that start with a P indicate a car tire, T indicates a spare, C indicates a tire and indicates a Light Truck tire. P = Passenger T = Temporary C = Commercial LT = Light Truck

12 8. The number following the 1st letter designation indicates the tire section in millimeters. Height Width Length

13 9. is the height to width ratio (often called tire profile) and is expressed as a % of height to width. Aspect Ratio Gear Ratio Braking Ratio

14 10. Rim or wheel, expressed in inches from flange to flange is the last # in the tire size. Height Width Diameter

15 11. The maximum pressure (printed on the sidewall) is not the recommended inflation pressure.

12. Uniform Tire Quality Grading System rates (100 500), (ABC), and

16 12. Uniform Tire Quality Grading System rates ( ), (ABC), and resistance (ABC). The 3 T s of the UTQGS Tread Wear, Traction, Temperature Resistance

17 13. Tires also have an alphabetic rating that ranges from B to Z (31 mph to 149 mph). Speed Load Mileage

19 14. tires get mounted with a certain side outward & tires are rotation specific. Directional

20 15. High pressure, temporary, compact spare tires (doughnuts) typically get inflated to psi. 35 PSI 150 PSI 60 PSI

21 16. Variation in tires include self, retreads, rain tires, and run tires. Self Inflating & Run Flat Self Sealing & Run Flat Self Service & Run Full

22 17. If too much tread has worn off of the tires, solid rubber will show up across the tread. Wear Bars Rub Strips Median Strips

23 18. Vehicles are equipped with radio signal, direct or indirect, tire monitoring systems. TPMS = Tire Pressure Monitoring System

24 TPMS

27 19. Wheels are commonly made of,, magnesium & even composite plastic. Steel, Aluminum Iron, Chromium Brass, Titanium

28 20. The area of a wheel allows for easy removal of the tire but they must be fit with small, raised lips around the rim to keep the tire beads from sliding into that dropped area if they go flat. Drop Center Wheel Rim Drip Cap

29 21. Air is added to the tire through a valve which is fit with a spring loaded, one way, valve core. Valve Core Valve Stem Valve Guide

30 22. Lug thread on to lug studs to anchor the wheel to the hub. Some vehicles use lug bolts instead VW, Mercedes, etc. Lug Nuts vs. Lug Bolts

31 23. For balancing, lead wheel are added to the rim to prevent tramp & shimmy vibration. Weights

32 24. Ball or roller wheel mounted in a allow the tire & wheel assemblies to turn smoothly on the. Castle nuts w/ cotter pins secure the hub on to the spindle. Bearings, Hub, Spindle Spindles, Hub, Bearing Knuckles, Fist, Finger

33 ~~~ Automotive Service 25. Tire problems can show up as, abnormal wear, steering wheel pull, and other symptoms that are similar to those caused by suspension and brake systems. Vibrations, Patterns

34 26. is a common destructive problem that wears both outer edges of the tread area. It can heat up the tire during operation causing ply separation while lowering mpg. Under Inflation

35 27. causes wear in only the center of the tread and produces a hard ride. Over Inflation

36 28. Proper tire inflation specifications are not found on the tire sidewall! Either the manual or the tire placard mounted inside the driver or passenger door jamb have the correct psi specs Owner s Manual General Repair Manual Tire Manual

37 29. Tire is the action of moving the tires at manufacturer specified mileage intervals to different locations on the vehicle to increase tire life. This is done in a specified pattern too. Relation Rotation Revitalization

41 30. Tires & wheels should always be tightened on to the hub using a wrench to prevent distortion of the wheel, hub, brake rotors, or brake drums. Use an X or star tightening pattern. Torque Impact Cross

44 31. Both radial (right angle) and lateral (axial) tire & wheel (wobble) should be well under.100 Preload Runout Backlash

45 32. imbalance of the tire & wheel causes tramp or hop (up & down vibration). Static Attic Automatic

46 33. imbalance of the tire & wheel causes both tramp and shimmy (side to side vibration). Dynamic Ceramic Systematic

48 34. When servicing (repacking) non drive wheel bearings, special wheel bearing grease is recommended instead of regular all purpose, chassis grease. High Temperature Low Viscosity High Intensity

50 35. When repacking wheel bearings, partially fill the hub with. Grease Oil SAE #80w90 Gear Lube

51 36. Always be sure to install new grease on the hub and new pins on the castle nut when repacking wheel bearings! Seals & Wrist Pins Seals & Cotter Pins Boots & Cotter Pins

52 37. After repacking wheel bearings, it is critical to the spindle nut to manufacturer specs following mfgr. procedures! Tighten or Torque

55 Know this picture of tire inflation problems for the test

57 Know this system of tire sizing for the test

Chapter. Tire, Wheel, and Wheel Bearing Fundamentals

Chapter. Tire, Wheel, and Wheel Bearing Fundamentals Chapter 74 Tire, Wheel, and Wheel Bearing Fundamentals Objectives After studying this chapter, you will be able to: Identify the parts of a tire and wheel assembly. Describe different methods of tire construction.