Automotive Sensors. Infineon Technologies Ngee-Hou TAN. Page 1

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Kerry Hancock
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1 Automotive Sensors Infineon Technologies Ngee-Hou TAN Page 1

barometric air pressure throttle position air temperature Manifold air pressure high pressure pump injector

Throttle, Pedal, Valve Position + Linear Magnetic Hall-Effect Sensor + end-of-line programmable + linear

Pedal Knock sensor camshaft reference Camshaft Position + self calibrating, + true power on + low voltage supply

magnets and target wheels EGR catalytic converter + end of line programmable Barometric Air Pressure + fully

, calibration & interface in one chip + small SMD package Manifold Air Pressure purge fuel level Canister fuel

2 barometric air pressure throttle position air temperature Manifold air pressure high pressure pump injector Upstream proportional lambda sensor downstream lambda sensor Spark Smart Sensors for Engine Mgmt. Throttle, Pedal, Valve Position + Linear Magnetic Hall-Effect Sensor + end-of-line programmable + linear ratiometric output + broken wire detecion + excellent accuracy + slim package Secondary Air Electronic Throttle Pedal Knock sensor camshaft reference Camshaft Position + self calibrating, + true power on + low voltage supply (3.3V) + discrete capacitors in the package + TIM (Twisted Independent Mounting) + Customizable to various magnets and target wheels EGR catalytic converter + end of line programmable Barometric Air Pressure + fully compensated accuracy 1.5% + ratiometric analog output + integrated sensor element, signal cond., calibration & interface in one chip + small SMD package Manifold Air Pressure purge fuel level Canister fuel pump + surface micro machining + single chip integration of pressure sensor element, signal cond., calibr. & interf. + end-of-line programmable + diagnosis functions water temperature crankshaft cooling fan air conditioning + self calibrating + output protection + low voltage supply (3,3 V) + discrete capacitors in the package + low latency & jitter (phase error) Crankshaft Speed & Position Page 2

3 Linear Hall Sensor Typical Applications - Focus Applications Throttle valve position Gear lever Steering torque Current measurement Pedal position Chassis height Page 3

4 For internal use only! TLE4997 Features High linear and ratiometric push-pull rail-to-rail output signal 20 bit Digital Signal Processing Digital temperature compensation 12 bit overall resolution Programmable parameters stored in redundant EEPROM (single bit error correction): magnetic range and magnetic sensitivity (gain) zero field voltage (offset) Bandwidth polarity of the output slope clamping option temperature coefficient for all common magnets memory lock Re-programmable until memory lock Continuous measurement ranges between -200 mt and +200 mt Digital readout of internal temperature and magnetic field values in calibration mode Page 4

5 TLE4997 signal flow diagram Hall Sensor Range A D LP X Gain X + Limiter (Clamp) D A out Temperature Sensor TC 2 X X Offset LP DAC A D + -T 0 TC 1 1 X + Stored in EEPROM Memory Temperature Compensation DSP calculates: 1 T T TC T 2 S( T) 1 TC T Page 5

6 For internal use only! TLE4998xx Features Digital output PWM (12 bit) or SENT (16 bit) Slim green package: PG-SSO-4-1 (1mm) Full Digital Signal Processing 2 nd order temperature compensation in DSP Mechanical stress compensation in DSP Reverse polarity, overvoltage, output short circuit protection On Board Diagnosis (OBD): Broken wire detection, undervoltage and overvoltage detection Programmable parameters stored E 2 PROM: Magnetic field range ±50/±100/±200 mt (bipolar/unipolar/inverted) 2 nd order temperature compensation Offset ±100% Sensitivity (gain) PWM ±0.2 to ±6 %/mt, SENT ±8.2 to 245 LSB/mT Clamping levels 0% to 100% Low pass filter selectable from 80Hz to 1.3kHz PWM update rate 125/500/2000 Hz Page 6

7 Actual SmCo with older compensation technique y = 6.548E-07x E-05x E-01 Vout sensor TC final transfer curve Poly. (Vout) % error Page 7

8 Actual SmCo with Advanced 2nd order compensation y = 6.548E-07x E-05x E-01 Vout sensor TC final transfer curve Poly. (Vout) % error Page 8

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10 air temperature sensor pressure sensor high pressure pump air temperature sensor pressure sensor high pressure pump injector upstream proportional lambda sensor downstream lambda sensor injector Spark Spark Active Camshaft Sensors Demands CAM signal is used for valve control, TPO function and improved phase accuracy gives improved cold start performance (emission) Variable adjustment of angle between intake/outtake valve allows optimized fuel consumption and improved emission increases the number of sensors (up to 4) Secondary Limp home mode: Air CAM sensor is replacing damaged Crank sensor Pedal 1 Pedal 2 Active sensor Electronic specific Throttle Low voltage supply (during cranking) 3 wire interface Phase accuracy TPO with programming end of line Secondary Air Electronic Throttle knock sensor Pedal 1 Pedal 2 knock sensor camshaft reference EGR camshaft reference catalytic converter purge water temperature Canister cooling fan purge fuel level sensor fuel pump crank shaft sensor water temperature air conditioning Page 10

11 Mappings of a CAM wheel over airgap (mt) AG=0.2 AG=0.5 AG=1.0 AG=1.5 AG=1.8 AG=2.5 AG= (deg) Page 11

12 Normalized of all airgaps # Normalised 0.2 Normalised 0.5 Normalised 1.0 Normalised 1.5 Normalised 1.8 Normalised 2.5 Normalised (deg) -0.2 Page 12

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14 Combustion Cycle 4 Stroke Engine Ignition control and misfire detection Page 14

15 Magnetic Principle for Differential Hall Sensors H 1 H 2 Page 15

3V Self calibration algorithm Advanced switching concept 3-wire open drain voltage

16 TLE4926C Main Features Specifically designed for crankshaft-position detection: Low jitter Low voltage supply 3.3V Self calibration algorithm Advanced switching concept 3-wire open drain voltage interface Output protection (temperature & short circuit) No external components required PG-SSO-3-9 package option with two 4.7 nf capacitors PG-SSO-3-9 PG-SSO-3-6 Page 16

17 TLE4926 Dynamic Offset Cancellation Page 17

18 GMR (Giant Magneto Resistive Effect) Detected 1988 by Peter Grünberg / Albert Fert Quantum mechanical effect Requirement for GMR: layer in range of nm Alternating layers (ferromagnetic- nonmagnetic) 6-8 % Resistance change at RT in sandwich (up to 100% in Multilayer) Page 18

TLE5025C igmr Crankshaft Sensor Giant Magnetic Resistance based principle Single chip solution Dynamic self calibration principle Large operating air gaps PG-SSO-3-9 High sensitivity, low jitter Fast

19 TLE5025C igmr Crankshaft Sensor Giant Magnetic Resistance based principle Single chip solution Dynamic self calibration principle Large operating air gaps PG-SSO-3-9 High sensitivity, low jitter Fast power-up time Digital output signal (voltage interface) Module style package with two integrated capacitors 4.7 nf between Q and GND 47 nf between Vs and GND: Needed for micro cuts in power supply Page 19

20 TLE5027C igmr Crankshaft Sensor Giant Magnetic Resistance based principle Single chip solution Dynamic self calibration principle Large operating air gaps High sensitivity, low jitter Fast power-up time Rotation direction detection Three wire PWM open drain voltage interface Module style package with two integrated capacitors 4.7 nf between Q and GND 47 nf between Vs and GND: Needed for micro cuts in power supply Page 20

Jitter Hall 25 µt @ RT, B pp =5 mt GMR 5 µt @ RT, B pp =5 mt

21 TLE5027(C) I-GMR Crankshaft Advantages of I-GMR crank Improved repeatability and phase accuracy Low drift over temperature Jitter Hall 25 RT, B pp =5 mt GMR 5 RT, B pp =5 mt Improvement by the factor of 5 Slim module parallel to x/z pane Page 21

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23 Transmission Sensors Example CVT High pressure sensors Temperature sensors KY-xx Hall switches to detect the chosen gear (position sensor) TLE49x5, TLE49x6 Transmission speed sensors located in sensor domes, some of them with direction detection TLE4953C TLE4941C TLE4928C Page 23

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25 air temperature purge pressure sensor upstream lambda sensor downstream lambda sensor Spark Application: KP115 Manifold Integrated Absolute Pressure Pressure Sensor IC Sensing (Bare Die) (MAP) auxilirary air camshaft reference knock sensor EGR throttle position injector KP2xx MAP sensor air by pass water temperature air conditioning fuel level sensor fuel pump relay crank shaft sensor cooling fan Page 25

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2 3 KP125 6 7 C 1 C 2 R 1 R 2 A/D 4 8 C 3 µ-processor ECU

27 KP125 Integrated Pressure Sensor IC (SMD Package) Application: Barometric Air Pressure Sensing (BAP) 5 +5V 2 3 KP C 1 C 2 R 1 R 2 A/D 4 8 C 3 µ-processor ECU Engine Control Unit KP125 - Proposed Application Circuitry Page 27

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29 轮输传感器要求无源传感器 old fashioned 电感线圈 1 Hz... 4 khz Extreme voltage range: Amplitude 60mV V Standard AWSS 标准有源传感器 50% DC (40/60 %) 7/14 ma (5/10 ma) AWSS with direction 方向检测 PWM modulation Pulse length 90µs (Left) 180µs (Right) VDA Sensors 3 level sensors 7, 14, 28mA Data Manchester coded Page 29

30 英飞凌用于汽车安全应用的霍尔传感器轮速传感器 TLE 4941 TLE TLE TLE 494xC : 高精度紧凑型速度传感器 : 可测首信号的速度传感器 : 可通过 PWM 信号测量速度方向气隙宽度的速度传感器 : C 代表外接 1.8 nf 电容 TLE (C) : TLE 的高静电兼容性版本 Page 30

31 英飞凌侧安全气囊压力传感器 KP108 KP108 Pressure Sensor System Pressure Satellite Location Leading Device for very fast Side Crash Detection! Page 31

32 电子动力转向系统方块图 EPS Torque Sensors Supply µc Supply Sensors Vehicle speed Steering angle Sensor signal conditioning Supervision of Control-loop Window watchdog 16 or 32bit µc B6-Driver IC 1-3 Opamps Protection Diagnosis 160A MOSFET 6x 1 to 3 shunts PMSM with rotor position sensor Diagnostic HS CAN Transceiver Relay control ECU Page 32

33 英飞凌角度传感器感应原理 N GMR Resistors 0 S V X V Y N Magn. Field GMR X ADC Post Process Angle Calc. Mapping Angle GMR Y ADC Post Process ADC X + ADC X - GND ADC Y + ADC Y - V DDG S 90 Y-Component(SIN) V V X (COS) V Y (SIN) V Y V X X-Component(COS) Angle Page 33

34 GMR 角度传感器系统构造 Magn. Field GMR Bridge X GMR Bridge Y diff_ analog -ADC 2.Ord. X Sensor Frontend (ASIC) 1bit COMB- Filter X 3.Ord. >10bit FIR- Filter X 1.Ord. >11bit >11bit Gain Offset Correct. X >11bit Programmable Logic Part (µc) CORDIC atan(y:x) >12.6bit Angle Offset >12.6bit Angle further proces sing SSC IF (SPI) UART IF diff_ analog -ADC 2.Ord. Y 1bit COMB- Filter Y 3.Ord. >10bit FIR- Filter Y 1.Ord. >11bit >11bit Gain Offset Corretc. Y >11bit Application Specific CAN IF ARCTAN calculation in external µc Calibration Data stored in µc e.g. Infineon XC compatible (E-WARP) - Cordic and MDU - PWM, SPI, UART, CAN Page 34

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TLE 49x6 Overview Applications Position / proximity indicator Rotational indexing Brushless DC motor Gearwheel position sensing Features Chopped Hall Probe for high sensitivity and stability of

36 TLE 49x6 Overview Applications Position / proximity indicator Rotational indexing Brushless DC motor Gearwheel position sensing Features Chopped Hall Probe for high sensitivity and stability of magnetic switching points Active Temperature Compensation (active trip point adaptation over temp) Open collector and 2-wire current interface output versions Double Hall Switch (with direction information) Operating temperature up to 175 C (peak) Enhanced ESD performance Reverse polarity protection Benefits Best performance / price ratio! High resistance to mechanical stress due to Active Error Compensation SMD and leaded packages Availability In production Support: data sheet samples product presentation application notes Page 36

37 Low Power Switches Optimized Design for Low-Power Applications I S Operating Time I SOPAVG I SAVG I SSTB t op Standby Time t stb 50 ms 130 ms Latch Output t AET Page 37

38 Low Power Switches Switching Behaviour Omnipolar Mode Only field strength is relevant Independent of Polarity (easier magnet assembling) TLE4913 TLE4917 Page 38

39 Low Power Switches Switching Behaviour (Automotive Grade) Bipolar Mode TLE4916-1K Page 39

40 Hall Effect Switches Portfolio Page 40

41 结论 Conclusion Infineon offers a variety of digital and analog Sensors for multiple physical parameters such as.. 磁场 magnetic field 温度 temperature 气压 pressure 位置 position 距离 distance 方向 direction 速度 speed These Sensors are ideally suited for automotive, industrial and consumer applications. Page 41

Sensor Solutions for Automotive and Industrial Applications

Sensor Solutions for Automotive and Industrial Applications www.infineon.com/sensors Content Applications 6 Hall Switches 12 Linear Hall ICs 15 Dual-Sensor Package 16 Angle Sensors 17 Magnetic Speed Sensors