HyPACE Hybrid Petrl Advanced Cmbustin Engine UniCEG 5 th September 18 Adrian Cper, Phil Stansfield, Jnathan Hall, Mike Bassett & Simn Reader MAHLE Pwertrain Limited Jnathan Hartland & Li Ca Jaguar Land Rver Andrew Taylr BrgWarner Turb Systems 1
Cnsrtium MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18
Cnsrtium HyPACE Aims: Apply a nvel cmbinatin f technlgies t achieve: 1% vehicle fuel ecnmy benefit Specific utput f 9-1 kw/l Maximise area f λ = 1 peratin Target applicatin in MHEV & PHEV platfrms Evaluate after treatment systems t meet frthcming requirements 3 MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18
Engine Jaguar Land Rver Ingenium.l TGDI Revised intake prt BrgWarner eturb HP & LP EGR* * Supplied by BrgWarner Emissins Systems MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18
Schematic Main Thrttle Frm Charge Air Cler (CAC) BrgWarner Turb 8V eturb Variable Gemetry Turbine External wastegate Cated cmpressr wheel Adaptr Cler High Pressure EGR* Shut-ff wastegate in adaptr Lw-temp cler Pst cler valve WG * Supplied by BrgWarner Emissins Systems BASELINE AFTERTREATMENT WG T CAC Lw Pressure EGR* Mid-catalyst take-ff Lw-temp cler Pst cler valve * Supplied by BrgWarner Emissins Systems Cler MAHLE Flexible ECU Cntrl f all systems 5 MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18
Brg Warner eturb Electrical assistance Imprved transient respnse Electrical generatin Waste energy recvery Specificatin: System Vltage Peak Current Capability Cntinuus Rating Peak Rating Cmpressr Turbine Maximum Turb Speed Cmpressr Outlet Temperature Turbine Inlet Temperature Wastegate 8V A pk A rms, 1kW maximum 8A rms, 1kW maximum 55mm 5mm Variable Gemetry Turbine BV5, rpm C Maximum 15 C Maximum Wastegate with eactuatr MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18
Brg Warner eturb Cmpressr Similar t baseline Imprved peak efficiency Imprved mass flw capability Turbine Baseline equivalent t VTG % clsed VTG allws wide range f peratin Main cmpressr pressure rati [-] Cmpressr Maps HyPACE Cmpressr Baseline Cmpressr Nrmalised Turbine Flw [-] Turbine Maps 1% 8% % % % VTG Psitin [% Open] % HyPACE Turbine Baseline Turbine Crrected mass flw rate [kg/s] Expansin Rati [-] 7 MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18
Testing Optimisatin f full-lad perfrmance & bsted regin Transient respnse Waste energy recvery ptential f eturb in drive-cycle regin 5 BSFC [g/whr] Lambda 5 BMEP [bar] 15 1 BMEP [bar] 15 1 5 NEDC WLTP RDE 1 3 5 7 Engine Speed [rpm] 5 1 3 5 7 Engine Speed [rpm] 8 MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18
Transient Respnse Lad step: 15rpm 1-9% Trque Cntrl : Instantaneus pedal and eturb speed demand Maximum mtr trque limited Results + Mtr trque - 1-9% time 7% reductin with maximum assistance Trque [Nm] 35 3 5 15 1 5 Trque 35Nm 9% Knee-pint 1%.8s.s.8s.95s 1.s.s Turb Speed [rpm] eturb Pwer [kw] eturb Pwer 1. 1. 8.......5 1. 1.5..5 3. Time [s] eturb Speed 1 1 1 8..5 1. 1.5..5 3...5 1. 1.5..5 3. Time [s] Time [s] Baseline.Nm Baseline Limit.Nm.Nm Baseline Limit.Nm.Nm.Nm Baseline Limit.Nm.Nm.Nm.8Nm Baseline Limit.Nm.Nm.Nm.8Nm 1.Nm Baseline Limit.Nm.Nm.Nm.8Nm 1.Nm 1.Nm Baseline Limit 9 MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18
Transient Respnse Increasing electrical assistance Faster 1 9% trque time 7% reductin @ maximum assistance Mst f benefit available at 1Nm limit Impressive trque rise rates demnstrated Prprtinal t maximum eturb pwer Ttal energy used ver transients similar Transient Time 3.5 Trque Rise Rate 5 1 eturb 1-9% Trque Time [s] 3..5. 1.5 1..5. Baseline transient time....8 1. 1. 1. 1. eturb Trque Limit [Nm] Trque Rise Rate [Nm/s] 5 35 3 5 15 1 5 Baseline trque rise rate....8 1. 1. 1. 1. eturb Trque Limit [Nm] Maximum eturb Pwer [kw] Maximum Electrical eturb Energy Pwer Used [kj] [kw] 1 1 8 Maximum Pwer Ttal Energy....8 1. 1. 1. 1. eturb Trque Limit [Nm] 1 MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18
Waste Energy Recvery Test Methd: Sweeps @15 sites eturb fixed speed VTG psitin swept CVVL t cntrl lad Results: Maximum electrical generatin Up t 7kW generated Further Analysis: 3rpm 1Nm 3rpm 75Nm Trque [Nm] Maximum eturb Pwer Generatin [kw] 35 3 5 15 5 3 1 Knck Limit 1 Baseline Trque Curve 5 Unassisted Run-up Line eturb Recvery Sweeps Discussin Pints 1 3 5 7 Engine Speed [rpm] 11 MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18
Waste Energy Recvery 3rpm 1Nm Electricity generated as VTG clsed 1.9kW peak Cnstant phasing up t 1.5kW IVC later t maintain lad BSFC Mechanical increases due t higher lsses BSFC Cmbined flat until knck limited N additinal benefit with reduced turb speed eturb Pwer BSFC Mechanical [% delta] eturb Pwer. 1.5 1..5. 1 8 Clse VTG at cnstant turb speed t generate pwer 1 3 5 7 8 9 1 VTG Psitin [% Clsed] BSFC Mechanical 1 1 3 5 7 8 9 1 VTG Psitin [% Clsed] 5%MFB [ ATDCF] BSFC Cmbined [% delta] Cmbustin Phasing 13. 1. 11. 1. 9. 8. 7. 1 3 5 7 8 9 1 VTG Psitin [% Clsed] 1 1 8 BSFC Cmbined 1 3 5 7 8 9 1 VTG Psitin [% Clsed] Inlet Valve Clsing Angle Delta [ ] Inlet Valve Clsing 7 5 3 1-1 - 1 3 5 7 8 9 1 VTG Psitin [% Clsed] Baseline Baseline Fixed Turb Baseline Fixed Speeds: Turb Baseline Fixed Speeds: Turb 8,rpm Fixed Speeds: Turb 8,rpm Speeds: 8,rpm 58,rpm 58,rpm 8,rpm 58,rpm 8,rpm 8,rpm38, rpm Knck Limited Knck Limited Plenum Pressure [kpa] Plenum Pressure 15 1 115 11 15 1 95 1 3 5 7 8 9 1 VTG Psitin [% Clsed] 1 MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18
Waste Energy Recvery 3rpm 75Nm Initial sweep lad limited N scpe t reduce turb speed Turb speed increased Up t 7kW generated Increased Miller cycle benefit Phasing imprved % BSFC Mechanical ~7kW BSFC cmbined at baseline BSFC eturb Pwer BSFC Mechanical [% delta] eturb Pwer 8. 7.. 5.. 3.. 1.. 5%MFB [ ATDCF] 1 1 3 5 7 8 9 1 1 3 5 7 8 9 1 VTG Psitin [% Clsed] VTG Psitin [% Clsed] BSFC Mechanical 1 1 8 Baseline Fixed Baseline Turb Baseline Speeds: Fixed Turb Baseline Fixed Speeds: 18, Turb Fixed Speeds: rpm Turb 18, Speeds: 115,rpm 18, 18, 115,rpm 15,rpm 115,rpm15,rpm 135,rpm - - - 1 3 5 7 8 9 1 VTG Psitin [% Clsed] BSFC Cmbined [% delta] Cmbustin Phasing 3 8 18 BSFC Cmbined 1 1 8 - - - 1 3 5 7 8 9 1 VTG Psitin [% Clsed] Inlet Valve Clsing Angle Delta [ ] Plenum Pressure [kpa] Inlet Valve Clsing 3 Maximum trapped mass 1-1 - -3 - -5 - -7-8 1 3 5 7 8 9 1 VTG Psitin [% Clsed] Plenum Pressure 1 19 18 17 1 15 1 3 5 7 8 9 1 VTG Psitin [% Clsed] 13 MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18
Vehicle Mdelling Drive cycle calculatins: Ptential f eturb fr waste energy recvery 35 Drive Cycle Residency Over Maximum eturb Pwer Generatin [kw] Baseline Trque Curve NEDC WLTP MAHLE RDE NEDC WLTP NEDC 3 Mdel: Jaguar F-PACE 8-speed autmatic gearbx + Vehicle mass fr PHEV Trque [Nm] 5 15 5 Drive cycles: NEDC WLTP MAHLE RDE 1 5 3 1 1 3 5 7 Engine Speed [rpm] 1 MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18
HyPACE Hybrid Petrl Advance Cmbustin Engine Vehicle Mdelling 15 WLTP <3e [g/kwhr] esfc RDE <3 [g/kwhr] esfc Electrical deplyment Electrical deplyment Electrical deplyment 35 35 35 3 3 3 7 5 15 5 5 15 3 Trque [Nm] 5 Trque [Nm] NEDC < [g/kwhr] esfc Trque [Nm] Assumptins 9% efficiency Electrical drive replaces highest BSFC pints Catalyst heating and cld pints excluded Results Up t 3% cycle benefit predicted Ptential fr higher benefits: Lwer pwer t weight rati Dwnsizing 3 5 15 3 1 1 1 1 5 1 15 5 3 35 Engine Speed [RPM] MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18 1 5 1 15 5 3 35 Engine Speed [RPM] 1 5 1 15 5 3 35 Engine Speed [RPM]
Summary Imprved transient respnse, 7% reductin Ptential fr up t -3% cycle benefit frm eturb waste energy recvery Trque [Nm] 35 3 5 15 Electrical deplyment -3% Benefit 3 1 5 1 1 15 5 3 35 Engine Speed [RPM] Transient Perfrmance 35 3 Trque [Nm] 5 15 1 5..5 1. 1.5..5 3. Time [s] 1 MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18
Thank yu fr yur kind attentin Questins? 17 MAHLE Pwertrain Ltd., Research & Advanced Engineering, Adrian Cper, 1-September-18