Safety Evaluation of Restricted Crossing U-Turn (RCUT or J-Turn) Projects in Louisiana
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1 Safety Evaluation of Restricted Crossing U-Turn (RCUT or J-Turn) Projects in Louisiana Xiaoduan Sun University of Louisiana at Lafayette 2018 Louisiana Transportation Engineering Conference
2 Outline Project Background Crash characteristics before and after RCUT CMF and Benefit/Cost Discussion
3 Problems with traffic on minor roadway to high speed or major highways Complicated decision Problems for minor road vehicle Number of conflicting points Difficulty in deciding the sufficient gap (32 between to 14) two vehicles in the major road to cross or turn left at intersection Gap acceptance decision must be made twice in case of divided Major highway Decision 2 road intersection Major road Decision 1 Minor road 3
4 Potential Benefit of RCUT Aimed to reduce leftturn and all angle crashes Reduce crash severity Increase intersection capacity 4
5 Type of RCUT Intersection in Louisiana RCUT Intersection J(6) Intersection (150 ft) JJ(2) JJJ(2) 5
6 Summary Location District Location setting and Type of Year of AADT Highway Type Traffic Control Construction before/after US 167 at LA Rural 4-lane divided 2-way stop ,100/19,133 LA 21 at Zinnia Road 62 Urban 4-lane divided 2-way stop ,900/24,200 Alexandria HY. at Kurthwood 8 Urban 4-lane divided 2-way stop ,067/9,367 LA 45 at 10 th street 2 Urban 4-lane divided 2-way stop ,233 /35,900 US 61 at LA Urban 4-lane divided Signal ,900 /41,900 US 90 at Morgan Ave. 3 Urban 6-lane divided Signal ,833/56,000 US 90 at Perimeter Road 3 Urban 6-lane divided One-way stop (T) 2012 US 90 at Kol Drive 3 Urban 6-lane divided One-way stop (T) 2012 US 90 at Park Centre Road 3 Urban 6-lane divided One-way stop (T) 2012 US 90 at Girouard Drive 3 Urban 6-lane divided One-way stop (T)
7 LA167 at 699 LA45 at 10 th St. US61 at LA42 LA 21 at Zinnia Dr. Alexandria Highway at Kurthwood Rd.
8 Location # of lanes on minor street Variation in Details # of LT lane on Main Highway Length (Mile) Signage on Minor Road U-Turn to Street or Driveway? Raised Island for LT? # of Driveways In between Speed Limit US 167 at LA 699 (rural) NO Both no No 0 55 LA 21 at Zinnia Rd NO One yes, one no No 4 35 Alexandria Hwy at Kurthwood Rd NO Both no, but... Yes LA 45 at 10 th Street 2 1 N/A NO 2 signalized int. No N/A 35 US 61 at LA 42 (signal) YES Both no Yes US 90 at Morgan Ave. (signal 6D) YES Both no, but No 6 55 Diagrammatic Signage 8
9 US 90 Alexandria Directional Signage
10 Pavement Markings Available on all Minor Approaches except One Kurthwood Rd. at Alexandria Hwy. US 90 at Girouard Rd. Lane separator marking, 250 feet 10
11 Change in Crashes (3 years before and after project year) RCUT Intersections Total Crashes Fatal Crashes Injury Crashes PDO Crashes Before After Before After Before After Before After US 167 at LA 699 (4ST) LA 21 at Zinnia Rd. (4ST) Alexandria Highway at Kurthwood Rd. (4ST) LA 45 at 10 th street, (4ST) US 61 at LA 42, (4SG) US 90 at Morgan Ave. (4SG) Total crashes Percent change in crashes 13% 100% 13% 13%
12 Crashes by manner of collisions RCUT Intersection Location Non-collision Rear end Right Angle Left turn Right Turn Sideswipe Before After Before After Before After Before After Before After Before After US 167 at LA 699 (4ST) LA 21 at Zinnia Rd. (4ST) Alexandria Highway at Kurthwood Rd. (4ST) LA 45 at 10 th street, (4ST) US 61 at LA 42, (SG) US 90 at Morgan Ave. (4SG) Total Percent change +147% 17% 61% 53% +47% +28% Location (type of traffic control)
13 US 167 at LA 699 (2-way stop with flash light) Before After 13
14 Crashes by Year Year AADT Total # crashes Fatal crash Injury crash PDO , , , , , , , By Manner of Collision Total Before Total After MANNER OF COLLISION BEFORE AFTER Non-collision 3 11 Rear end 2 9 Head-on 2 0 Right angle 10 5 Left turn 5 1 Right turn 0 1 Sideswipe 1 5 Total crashes 23 32
15 Before Change in Crashes at this intersection Collision Type Before After Rear-end 1 8 Before After 15
16 Rear-end collisions during the after years at the intersection only (1 to 8)
17 Sideswipe collisions during after years (1 to 5)
18 Non-Collisions after years (1 to 6)
19 LA 21 at Zinnia Intersection Before Location Before After
20 Stop sign Stop sign This J turn has a loon on either u turns to accommodate the heavy vehicles. 4 The distance of 4 drive ways from intersection: 1=200ft 2=480ft 3=410ft 4=230ft Land use near the Intersection
21 Crashes by Year Year AADT Total Fatal Injury PDO , , , , , , , Before After Total Number of crashes decreased by 29%. Injury and PDO crashes decreased as well. So do most types of crashes. By Manner of Collision Manner of Collision Before After Non- collision 1 1 Rear end Right angle 11 3 Left turn 11 5 Right Turn 3 3 Sideswipe 3 4 Others 0 1 Total 49 35
22 Alexandria Highway at Kurthwood Road Before After Raised triangle island
23
24 Crashes by Year Year AADT Total Fatal Injury PDO , , , , , , , Before After By Manner of Collision Manner of Collision Before After Non- collision 2 4 Rear end 9 6 Right angle 5 2 Others 2 1 Total 18 13
25 LA 45 at 10 th Street Before After
26 Only Stop sign post The 10 th street does not have pavement lane marking. No designated U-turn locations at both side of intersection U-turns can be made at two signalized intersections on each side with no U-turn signs Land use near intersection The intersection is near to several schools and institute. (pedestrians are expected). DEAF INSTITUTE
27 Crashes by Year Year AADT Total Acc Fatal Acc Injury Acc PDO Acc , , , , , , , Before years After years By Manner of Collision Manner of Collision Before After Non- collision 3 2 Rear end Head On 0 1 Right angle 19 2 Left turn 6 1 Right Turn 3 5 Sideswipe 9 5 Total 73 42
28 US 61 at LA 42 Before After
29 Loon/bay is provided for each U turns for accommodation of heavy vehicles. # of driveways=20 CVS Residential Area Land use near the intersection
30 Crashes by Year Year AADT Total Fatal Injury PDO , , , , , , , Before After By Manner of Collision Manner of Collision Before After Non- collision 6 11 Rear end Head On 4 6 Right angle 14 8 Left turn Right Turn 6 7 Sideswipe Total
31 Sideswipe at main intersection
32 More sideswipes 32
33 Driver s inattention Aggressive lane changing Driver s inattention
34 US 90 at Morgan Ave. (4SG) Before After 34
35 Crashes by Year Year AADT Total # crashes Fatal Injury crashes crashes PDO crashes , , , , , , TOTAL Before After By Manner of Collision MANNER OF COLLISION BEFORE AFTER Non-collision 2 13 Rear end Head-on 2 3 Right angle 15 9 Left turn 11 5 Right turn 5 11 Sideswipe 8 11 Total
36 Five Non-collision with J-turn 1. Driver 2 made an illegal U-turn at the J-turn intersection and in order to avoid vehicle 1 swerve off to strike the median island. 2. Large truck making left turn at the J-turn intersection, its back strike the traffic signal post. (Inattentiveness) 3. Unit 2 strike with the box panel dropped from unit 1 travelling ahead of it. 4. When making right to enter a parking lot, vehicle ran off the road to a ditch. 36
37 Right-Turn Collisions
38 LA167 at 699 LA45 at 10 th St. US61 at LA42 LA 21 at Zinnia Dr. Alexandria Highway at Kurthwood Rd.
39 RCUT Intersection Location Non-collision Rear end Right Angle Left turn Right Turn Sideswipe Before After Before After Before After Before After Before After Before After US 167 at LA 699 (4ST) LA 21 at Zinnia Rd. (4ST) Alexandria Highway at Kurthwood Rd. (4ST) LA 45 at 10 th street, (4ST) US 61 at LA 42, (SG) US 90 at Morgan Ave. (SG) Over all crashes Percent change in crashes +147% 17% 61% 53% +47% +28% Any correlations? Location # of lanes on minor street # of LT lane on Main Highway Length (Mile) Signage on Minor Road U-Turn to Street or Driveway? Raised Island for LT? # of Driveways In between US 167 at LA 699 (rural) NO Both no No 0 55 LA 21 at Zinnia Rd NO One yes, one no Yes 4 35/45 Alexandria at Kurthwood Rd NO Both no, but (UP) Yes LA 45 at 10 th Street 2 1 N/A NO Two signals No N/A 35 US 61 at LA YES Both no Yes US 90 at Morgan Ave YES Both no, but (DN) No 6 55 Speed Limit mph
40 CMF for RCUT by Improved Method RCUT Intersections θ σ(θ) θ 2σ(θ) θ + 2σ(θ) US 167 at LA 699 (J) LA 21 at Zinnia Rd. (J) Kurthwood Rd. at Alexandria Hwy. (J) LA 45 at 10 th Street (J) US 61 at LA 42 (J) Total
41 Cost and Benefit Analysis Source Cost Features Nicholas Fruge (District 3) $300,000 Bi-directional partial median opening with turn lanes DOTD Project (DOTD website) US 167 at LA 699 $3.5 million J turn+ resurfacing of 9.3 mile stretch LA 1 at Sugar Plantation $500,000 to 1million Proposed with bulb-out U turns US 90 in between Billeaud overpass and Wall Road US 171 at N. Perkins Ferry Road (In operation since 28 th December, 2016) $ 4.9 million Proposed Project $500,000 to 1million J turn along with Subgrade treatment, Class II base course laying 41
42 Louisiana Unit Cost per Crash by Severity Crash Severity Type Crash Report Injury Code Unit Cost Per crash Fatal A $1,710,561 Severe Injuries B $489,446 Moderate Injury C $173,578 Compliant Injuries D $50,636 PDO E $24,982 Source: _Safety_Analysis_Toolbox.aspx
43 Benefit Cost Ratio Complete Intersection Location Reduction in Crashes by Injury Type Fatal Severe Moderate Complaint PDO Total Safety Benefit Total Construction Cost US 167 at LA $2,563,919 $300,000 LA 21 at Zinnia Rd $1,343,940 $300,000 Kurthwood Rd. at Alexandria Hwy $1,687,547 $300,000 LA 45 at 10th street $1,256,540 $300,000 US 61 at LA $664,526 $300,000 US 90 at Morgan Ave $2,909,104 $300,000 Overall $12,109,270 $3,000,000 B/C ratio = 4.04 Cost per RCUT construction= $500,000, B/C= 2.42
44 Conclusion Improving roadway safety Economically justified Enhancing the intersection capacity The devil is in the detail
45 Thank you! Any Questions?
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