Consultancy Services for 6 Laning of Belgaum-Dharwad section of NH-4 (NHDP V/MC-II/BOT/DPR/19) Feasibility Report. Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-1

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1 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-1

2 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.1 Project Background Objectives of Consultancy Services Scope of Consultancy Services The Project Highway Progress Achieved Offices Purpose and Contents of this Report Purpose of this Report The Draft Contents of this Report. 1-7 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 Index Map of Project Highway Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-2

3 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project Background Government of India has approved to convert 6500 km of existing 4-lane National Highways into six lane National Highways under a separate phase namely Phase-V of National Highway Development project (NHDP). The six laning of existing four lane National Highways sections are to be executed through Public Private Partnership (PPP) on Build, Operate and transfer (BOT) basis, following Design-Build-Finance-Operate (DBFO) pattern. Sections envisaged under six laning comprise the Golden Quadrilateral (5,700 km) and some other sections of 800 km in length. The National Highways Authority of India has been entrusted with the development, maintenance and management of such of the National Highways as entrusted to it by the Government of India. The NHDP Phase-V has also been entrusted to National Highways Authority of India. The six laning of the projects has essentially been conceived as a retrofitting job on existing four lane National Highways causing minimum possible inconvenience to the traffic. It should be planned in such a way that improved highway is safe, efficient and convenient to the users as well as public living adjacent to the highway. At present NHAI is collecting toll on the four lanes completed sections, which would be continued till the appointed date. Thereafter, the Concessionaire would be entitled to collect toll. The main feature of the NHDP Phase-V is that the Concessionaire would be entitled to collect toll even during the construction period. The Belgaum-Dharwad 80 km long section of National Highway No. 4, which falls in the Mumbai-Chennai arm of Golden Quadrilateral and has been widened to 4-lanes recently, Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-3

4 is also proposed to be included for 6-laning project under NHDP V. The intention of this specific consultancy project is to study and report on the feasibility of retrofitting the existing NH-4 from Belgaum to Dharwad in the State of Karnataka from its existing situation (4 lane highway) to 6-lane highway. The s thus prepared contain, inter alia, the scheme and lay out of the development of the highway and the project facilities, and costing. The report will form the basis on which a Financial Consultant and a legal consultant, appointed separately, will prepare an RFP document for inviting bids from private entrepreneurs to award a BOT (Toll) concession. The concession will be on DBFO pattern, wherein the concessionaire shall, in accordance with a model concession agreement approved by the Government, take full responsibility to carryout the detailed design, construction, maintenance and operation of the project highway and the project facilities conforming to the standards specified in the said agreement. He will eventually transfer the project to NHAI after expiry of the concession period in a state as specified in the concession agreement. The is to provide all the technical details, based on which realistic bids are received from the prospective bidders. 1.2 Objectives of Consultancy Services Objectives of the consultancy services are to prepare a proposal to retrofit a six-lane cross-section on to the existing 4-lane highway in a manner which ensures, (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) Enhanced safety of the traffic, the road users and the people living close to the highway; Enhanced operational efficiency of the highway; Fulfillment of the access needs of the local population; Minimal adverse impact on the road users and the local population due to construction; Feasible and constructible options for the project with least cost options. Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-4

5 1.3 Scope of Consultancy Services The scope of Consultancy Services comprises of preparation of Feasibility Study Report for converting the existing 4-lane highway to 6-lane standards, conforming to the Manual for specification and standards for 6-lane National Highways of the Ministry of Shipping Road Transport and Highways. In addition to above, the consultant is required to prepare Technical Schedules and provide assistance to NHAI in bidding process. In addition to above, contract documents, and preliminary cost estimates for the works are also to be prepared by the Consultant in a form, which allows the construction and the rehabilitation works to be carried out on BOT basis. 1.4 The Project Highway The Project Highway is Belgaum-Dharwad Section of NH 4 ( km long approximately). An Index /Location map of the Project Highway is given in Figure 1.1. The start of Project Highway would be km 515 and the end point of the Project Highway would be km 433 (junction of NH-4 and Hubli-Dharwad bypass). The details of the existing project highway are given in Chapter 2. Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-5

6 Figure 1.1: Index Map of Project Highway 1.5 Progress achieved The Consultant has established a project office at Dharwad for the duration of this project. The office accommodates some of the key and support personnel. All the Key personnel were mobilized. Support personnel have been utilized from the regular staff available at the Head office and Delhi office. The Team members have visited the site as and when required, collected relevant available data from the NHAI and Supervision Consultants, conducted field surveys and investigations, and met concerned officers of NHAI and the Supervision Consultants. The Consultants submitted the Inception Report on The Inception Report indicated the methodology the Consultant proposed to follow to complete the job. It also brought out the data on existing road and some of the field surveys conducted. Thereafter the strip plans were prepared and submitted to NHAI on The proposal for widening of the project road for the existing 4- lane was also prepared. The proposal was Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-6

7 presented at NHAI on 9 th February 2008, in a meeting chaired by the Member (Technical). The suggestions made in the meeting on the widening proposal have been duly considered and incorporated. Thereafter, we had public consultations to ascertain their requirements. The Draft was submitted on 3 rd April, A presentation on the report was made at NHAI on 1 st July, 2008 in a meeting chaired by the Member (Technical). In the meeting, two suggestions made were for 7.0 m width of service road and 20 m span for additional vehicular underpasses. The prestent submission is the Final. The report highlights the various surveys conducted in the field and their analysis. The suggestions made by NHAI officials and representatives of affected towns / villages have been duly considered in making the widening proposal presented in this report. 1.6 Offices: The head office of the Consultant is located as under: M/s. Consulting Engineers Group Limited (CEG) E-12, Moji Colony, Malviya Nagar, Jaipur Tel: ; ; ; Fax: ceg@cegindia.com; hrd@cegindia.com URL: The site office has been established at Dharwad and is located as under: H.No.: 313, 2 nd Main, 1 st cross, Narayanpur, Dharwad Tel. No: Fax No: Contact Person: Mr. Vivek Naidu, Project Co-ordinator (Mobile No: ) Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-7

8 With a view to have close interaction with NHAI HQ, CEG have also established their office at New Delhi as under: 208, DDA Local Shopping Complex H Block, Vikas Puri New Delhi Tel: , Fax: cegdelhi@cegindia.com Contact Person: Dr. V.K.Sood, Vice President (Mobile: ) sood@cegindia.com 1.7 Purpose and Contents of this Report Purpose of this Report As per Contract the following reports and documents are to be submitted by the Consultants to NHAI Inception Report: This shall give the details of the work plan, methodology, task assignment and scheduled completion of various activities (already submitted). Strip Plans with alternatives (already submitted). Draft Final Technical Schedules (A to D) Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-8

9 1.7.2 The Draft This report contain, inter alia, the details of field studies conducted, analysis made, data collected, scheme for widening, proposed design standards, and preliminary cost estimates for discussion with NHAI Contents of this Report 1. Introduction 2. Existing Features of the Project Highway 3. Engineering Surveys and Investigation 4. Traffic Studies and Analysis 5. Pavement Evaluation and Preliminary design 6. Condition Survey and analysis of Structures 7. Project Facilities 8. Design Standards 9. Proposals for Widening and Retrofitting 10. Environment & Social Impact Assessment 11. Estimate of Quantities and Costs Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-9

10 CHAPTER 2: EXISTING FEATURES OF THE PROJECT HIGHWAY Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-10

11 CHAPTER 2: EXISTING FEATURES OF THE PROJECT HIGHWAY TABLE OF CONTENTS 2.1 Profile of Karnataka State Climate Geography and Terrain Soil Type Land Use Project Highway Development/Up-Gradation History Topography Alignment Settlements/Built Up Sections Bypasses Right of Way Service Roads Carriageway, shoulder and median Pavement Type and Condition Bridges and Culverts and other stretches Rail-Road Structures Junctions and Intersections Grade Separated Structures Connection with Project Highway Wayside Amenities Utilities Typical Cross Sections of existing 4 lane highway Current Traffic Accidents and Safety LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 (a) Design Chainage and Corresponding Chainage as per km stones 2-6 Table 2.1 (b) Design Chainage and Corresponding Chainage as per km stones 2-7 Table 2.2 Major Settlements/Built Up Sections. 2-7 Table 2.3 Existing Right of Way Details Table 2.4 Details of Existing Service Roads Table 2.5 Details of Existing 6 lane carriageway stretches 2-14 Table 2.6 Details of Pavement (Left Hand Side) Table 2.7 Detail of Pavement (Right Hand Side) 2-17 Table 2.8 Details of Bridges and Culverts Table 2.9 List of At Grade Junctions Table 2.10 Details of Grade Separated Structures Table 2.11 Location and Type of Connection on LHS 2-20 Table 2.12 Location and Type of Connection on RHS 2-21 Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-11

12 Table 2.13 Existing Way Side Amenities 2-22 Table 2.14 (a) Inventory of Existing Signages Table 2.14 (b) Inventory of Existing Signages Table 2.15 Traffic Count November-December Table 2.16 Traffic Count December 2007-January Table 2.17 Traffic Count December 2007-January LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1 National Highway Network Karnataka State. 2-3 Figure 2.2 Typical Highway Cross Section in Fill (with overlay and new flexible pavement) Figure 2.3 Typical Highway Cross Section in Cut (with proposed new flexible pavement) 2-35 Figure 2.4 Typical Highway Cross Section in Fill (with total new flexible pavement) Figure 2.5 Typical Highway Cross Section in Fill (with total overlay) Figure 2.6 Typical 6 Lane Carriageway Cross Section in Fill (with total new flexible pavement) Figure 2.7 Typical Highway Cross Section in Fill (with overlay and new flexible pavement over existing shoulder) Figure 2.8 Typical 6 Lane Carriageway Cross Section in Fill (with total new rigid pavement) Figure 2.9 Typical 6 Lane Carriageway Cross Section in Cut (with total new rigid pavement) Figure Lane Carriageway in CH to Package-II Figure Lane Carriageway in CH to Package-II 2-39 Figure Lane Carriageway in CH to Package-II Figure Lane Carriageway in CH to Package-II Figure Lane Carriageway in CH to Package-II Figure Lane Carriageway in CH to Package-II Figure Lane Carriageway in CH to Package-II 2-42 Figure Lane Carriageway in CH to Package-II Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-12

13 CHAPTER 2 EXISTING FEATURES OF THE PROJECT HIGHWAY 2.1 Profile of Karnataka State Karnataka is a State in the southern part of India. It was created on November 1, 1956, with the passing of the States Reorganization Act. Originally known as the State of Mysore, it was renamed Karnataka in Karnataka is bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west, Goa to the northwest, Maharashtra to the north, Andhra Pradesh to the east, Tamil Nadu to the southeast, and Kerala to the southwest. Karnataka has a total land area of 1, 91,791 sq. km and accounts for 5.83% of the total area of the country (measured at 3,288,000 sq. km). This puts it in eighth place in terms of size. About 38,724 sq. km of Karnataka (i.e. 20% of the state's geographic area) is covered by forests. The forests are classified as reserved, protected, village and private forests. The percentage of forested area is slightly less than the all-india average of about 23%, and significantly less than the 33% prescribed in the National Forest Policy. There are 29 districts in Karnataka. Each district is governed by a District Commissioner or District Magistrate. The districts are further divided into sub-divisions, which are governed by sub-divisional magistrates. Sub-divisions comprise blocks containing Panchayat (village councils) and town municipalities. According to the 2001 census of India, the total population of Karnataka is 52,850,562, of which 26,898,918 (50.89%) are male and 25,951,644 (49.11%) are female, or 1000 males for every 964 females. This represents a 17.25% increase over the population in The population density is per sq. km and 33.98% of the people live in urban areas. The literacy rate is 66.6% with 76.1% of males and 56.9% of females being literate. It Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-13

14 occupies ninth place in terms of population. The population density which stands at 275 persons per sq. km is considerably lower than the all-india average of 324. Karnataka has a railway network with a total length of approximately 3,089 kilometers. Karnataka has one major port, the New Mangalore Port, and ten other minor ports. The total lengths of National Highways and State Highways in Karnataka are 3,973 kilometers and 9,829 kilometers, respectively. A map showing the National Highways in Karnataka State is given in Figure Climate Karnataka experiences four reasons. The winter in January and February is followed by summer between March and May, the monsoon between June and September, and the post monsoon season from October till December Geography and Terrain The Project Highway traverses through two districts viz. Dharwad and Belgaum. Belgaum is located at N and 74.5 E. It has average elevation of 751 meters above sea level. The Project Highway passes through plain and rolling terrain in most of its length. However, it traverses through hilly terrain in some stretches Soil Type The Project Highway, in general, traverses through predominantly moorum type of soil, formed by weathering action of the rock Land Use While the predominant land use between Dharwad and Belgaum is agriculture, the industrialization and urbanization are increasing at Dharwad and Belgaum ends. Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-14

15 Figure 2.1 National Highway Network Karnataka State Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-15

16 2.6 Project Highway The National Highway No. 4 runs between Chennai and Mumbai. In the Chennai- Bangalore section km 0.0 is at Chennai and increases towards Bangalore. Between Bangalore and Mumbai km 0.0 is at Bangalore and increases towards Mumbai. The Project Highway is situated between km 433 (end of Hubli-Dharwad bypass) and km (after crossing Belgaum city and Kakati Industrial area) of Bangalore-Mumbai section of NH-4. In the Belgaum bypass portion the actual length is short by 1.8 km as km stones are fixed based on old alignment of NH-4, which has been subsequently bypassed. The km 505/600 on existing alignment merges with km 507/400 of old alignment. There are also minor realignments at various other locations in between km and km (package III) due to which the length as on ground does not match with the kilometer stones fixed. The total length of the Project Highway is km. 2.7 Development/Up-Gradation History The Project Highway was 2-lane National Highway, which has been upgraded to 4- lanes during the period as part of NHDP-I (formerly called as Golden Quadrilateral). The up-gradation to 4-lanes has been done by the National Highways Authority of India through two separate civil works contracts from its budgetary resources. The Contract Package-I is between Haveri and Hubli (south end of Hubli- Dharwad bypass) and is outside the Project Highway. Contract Package-II is between km 495 to 515 and has been declared complete on 31 st March The contract Package-III is between km and km has been declared complete on 30 th June The present Six-Laning project is combination of package II & III of Four-Laning of Belgaum-Dharwad stretch. The km stones fixed do not have exactly 1000 m distance between them, may be due to realignment/improvements taken place in due course of time. In the survey of Dharwad-Belgaum 4-lane project (Package III) km 0.0 was taken at km and subsequently it was extended backwards to km to accommodate a flyover. In Package II Chainage 0.0 was taken at km 495.0, which Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-16

17 increases towards Pune. The Good for Construction as well as As-Built Drawings follow the Chainage system as above. The Chainage indicated on the structures is also with reference to RD from km 434/000 taken as The designs Chainage and corresponding Chainage as per km stones for Package III and Package II are given in Table 2.1 (a) and (b) Topography The Project Highway passes through plain and rolling terrain in most of its length except through hilly terrain between km 487 and km Alignment The alignment has been designed for minimum speed of 80 km per hour. However most of the alignment has been improved to cater for higher speed up to 100 km per hour. The vertical gradient is less than 3% in most of the length except in hilly section and at some isolated locations where the gradient up to 6% exists Settlements/Built Up Sections There are a number of settlements along the Project Highway. Details of Major settlements/built up sections are given in Table 2.2. Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-17

18 Table 2.1 (a): Design Chainage and Corresponding Chainage as per km stones in Package III Chainage as per design Chainage as per km Stone Chainage as per design Chainage as per km Stone / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /475 Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-18

19 Table 2.1 (b): Design Chainage and Corresponding Chainage as per km stones in Package II Chainage as per design Chainage as per km Stone Chainage as per design Chainage as per km Stone 505/600 (507/400) / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /000 Location Belur Tegur Kittur Table 2.2: MK Hubli Hirebagewadi Belgaum Kakti Major Settlements/Built Up Sections Details The main industrial area of Dharwad district. The biggest industry of TATA division TELCON exists here. There is a road connecting centre for Garag taluk. A number of restaurants exist along the road side. This is a intersection for Tegur, Ramapur and to other villages. A historical place of Dharwad district, where a fort of freedom fighter Rani Channamma exists. This is a road connecting centre for Khanapur taluk. A commercial area and major educational institutions exists. There is a road connecting centre for Bailhingal taluk. Major city of Karnataka State. The National Highway 4A meets the Project Highway at Belgaum. Although bypass is existing, lot of ribbon development has taken place all along the bypass A commercial/industrial area along the road side. Apart from the above mentioned towns, there are many small settlements along the corridor. Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-19

20 2.11 Bypasses The existing Project Highway has only one bypass to Belgaum city (km 498 to km 507/600). On the Southern end the Project Highway joins 30 km long Hubli-Dharwad bypass, which is still a two lane facility being operated under BOT scheme Right of Way The existing right of way is 50 m in Kakati Industrial area (2 km) and 60 m in most of remaining section. At isolated locations the ROW is less than 50 m. The details of existing ROW as per data provided by the PD, NHAI, Dharwad is given in Table 2.3. Table 2.3: Existing Right of Way Details Chainage Left (m) Right (m) Total (m) Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-20

21 Chainage Left (m) Right (m) Total (m) Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-21

22 Chainage Left (m) Right (m) Total (m) Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-22

23 Chainage Left (m) Right (m) Total (m) Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-23

24 2.13 Service Roads Service road of width varying from 4 m to 7 m has been provided on considerable length on either side of the Project Highway. In general the width of service road is 4 m in rural sections and 5.5 m to 7 m in built up sections. The details of the existing service roads are given in Table 2.4. Table 2.4 : Details of Existing Service Roads 4.0 m wide Service Road L.H.S. R.H.S. Sr. Chainage (km) Chainage (km) No. From To Length (m) From To Length (m) Total Length (m) = Total Length (m) = Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-24

25 5.5 m wide Service Road L.H.S. R.H.S. Sr. Chainage (km) Chainage (km) No. From To Length (m) From To Length (m) Total Length (m) = 7745 Total Length (m) = m wide Service Road L.H.S. R.H.S. Sr. Chainage (km) Chainage (km) No. From To Length (m) From To Length (m) Total Length (m) = Total Length (m) = Carriageway, Shoulder and Median The existing National Highway is 4-lanes divided carriageway (2x7.0 m) with 1.5 m wide paved and 2 m wide earthen shoulders on either side. The width of raised median is generally 4.5 m between km 433 and 495 and 1.5 m between km 495 and Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-25

26 km 515. A width of 0.5 m of the median adjacent to the either side carriageway has been paved. There are some stretches in the Project Highway as per details in Table 2.5 in which the carriageway width of 10.5 m has been provided. The length of such stretches is 10,178 m. Some of these sections are in Ghat Portion and others are in the approaches to bridges / flyovers/ ROB. Table 2.5: Details of Existing 6 lane Carriageway Stretches Length S.No. From (km) To (km) (m) Remarks 1 436/ / / / / / Before and after GS / / / / / / Only RHS Main Carriageway (LHS is 2 Lane) 7 474/ / Before and after GS / / Before and after GS / / Ghat Location / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Only RHS Main Carriageway (LHS is 2 Lane) 10,178 Total length Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-26

27 2.15. Pavement Type and Condition The existing pavement is flexible on both sides carriageway between km 495 to km 515. Between km 433 and km 495 the pavement is rigid on one side and flexible on other side. The side of rigid and flexible pavements changes frequently, in some stretches rigid and flexible pavements are on both sides. The service roads are having flexible pavement. The pavement condition is good in the entire section. In Package III the length of flexible and rigid pavements are km and km respectively. The rigid part of pavement has rigid shoulders in km and flexible shoulders in km. Details of existing pavement showing the type of pavements & type of shoulders are given in Tables 2.6 and 2.7. Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-27

28 Table 2.6 Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 2-28

29 Table 2.7 Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-29

30 2.16. Bridges and Culverts There is one major bridge (Malprabha km , 9 spans of 24 m each), 5 minor bridges, and 129 culverts (box and pipe) in the section between km 433 to km 495 (Dharwad-Belgaum project, Package III). In the Section between km 495 to km 515 including Belgaum bypass (Package II) there is one major bridge, two minor bridges and 46 pipe culverts. Thus, there are total 2 major bridges and 7 minor bridges and 175 of culverts in the Project Highway. Package wise details are given in Table 2.8. Table 2.8 Details of bridges and culverts Item Package III (km Package II (km to Total to km 495.0) km 515.0) Major bridge Minor bridge Culverts All the new structures are having width same as in the approach road. The Malprabha bridge has 3-lane carriageway with footpath on Dharwad-Belgaum lane and 2-lane carriageway with 1.5 m wide footpaths on either side for Belgaum-Dharwad lane. More details of Structures are given in Chapter 6 of this Report Rail-Road Structures The railway line crosses project highway only at one location (km 502 on the Belgaum bypass). A 6-lane Road-Over Bridge (ROB) plus a two lane bridge with footpath for one side service road has been constructed as part of 4-lane project Junctions & Intersections The Project Highway is having a number of major and minor junctions with National Highways, State Highways and other category of roads. At all the major junctions Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-30

31 grade separators in the form of flyovers/grade separator and vehicular underpasses have been constructed as part of 4-lane Projects. At 9 locations with intersection of lower category of roads at grade junctions are existing, the details of which are given in Table 2.9. Table 2.9: List of At - grade Junctions S.No. Intersection Location particulars (km) Type (Major Structures) 1 To Kotur village At grade junction with median opening 2 To Siganahalli At grade junction with median opening village 3 Venkarapur village At grade junction with median opening 4 To Tegur village At grade junction with median opening 5 Kittur junction At grade junction with median opening 6 Ugarkod At grade junction with median opening 7 Dastikoppa At grade junction with median opening 8 Virkinkoppa At grade junction with median opening 9 Bastawad At grade junction with median opening 2.19 Grade Separated Structures A large number of grade separated structures are existing on the Project Highway. These have been provided with 3-lane carriageway for either side traffic. In addition, a number of cattle passes and pedestrian underpasses/sub-ways to facilitate cross movement of animals and pedestrians have also been provided. There is also one viaduct over a grave yard in Package II. Details of such Structures provided as a part of two 4-laning packages are given in Table Table 2.10: Details of Grade Separated Structures Item Flyover/Grade separator/vehicular underpass Package III (km Package II (km Total to km 495.0) to km 515.0) Cattle pass 22 Nil 22 Pedestrian underpass/sub-bay Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-31

32 Viaduct Connection with Project Highway At present the Project Highway has been provided slip in and slip out on the left hand side of the carriageways at a number of locations. At some locations, at grade junctions with cross roads have also been provided. In general cross roads are intercepted by service roads. The location and type of connection with the main highway on the Left Hand Side (LHS) and Right Tables 2.11 and 2.12 respectively. Table 2.11: Location and Type of Connection on LHS Hand Side (RHS) are given in Intersection particulars Location (km) Flyover Slip in Keradi Dhaba Slip in Mummigatti Slip in Garag cross Slip in Belur Industry Slip out Belur Industry Slip out Reliance outlet Slip in Ramapur cross Signal Siganahalli cross Venkatapur Slip in Ramapur/Tegur Dombarkopp IB Slip in Kittur/Alnawar Road Slip out Kittur Slip in Ambadagatti Slip out Abadagatti Slip in Hulikatti Slip out Hulikatti Slip in Itagi Slip out - Itagi Slip in Dastikoppa Slip in MK Hubli Slip out MK Hubli Slip in Parishwada, Mutnal & Vinkinkoppa Slip out Service road end, Toll Plaza starts Slip in Hirebagewadi Service road end Hirebagewadi Slip in KK Koppa Slip out KK Koppa Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-32

33 Slip in - Bastawada & Kondaskoppa Slip in Halaga Intersection particulars Location (km) Slip in Belgaum city exit Slip in Belgaum city exit Slip in Belgaum Slip in & out Island Slip out Belgaum city Slip in SRP Hostel Slip in KLE Hospital Slip out KLE Hospital Slip in Kakati Slip out service road ends Kakti Slip in Honaga Service Road starts Slip in Bennalli Table 2.12: Location and Type of Connection on RHS Intersection particulars Location (km) Slip in Narendra Slip out Garag Slip in Garag Slip out Belur Industrial Slip in Belur Industrial Slip in Kotur Slip in Siginahal li Slip in Venkatapur Service road starts Venkatapur Service road end Venkatapur Slip in Tegur Slip in - Dombarkoppa Slip out Kittur Slip in Kittur Service road starts Timmapur Service road end Ugarkod Slip in Ugarkod Slip out Hulikatti Slip in Hulikatti Slip out Itagi Slip in Itagi/Kadravalli Slip in Dastikoppa Service road starts Malaprabha Slip out Service road MK Hubli Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-33

34 Slip in MK Hubli Slip out Mutnal Intersection particulars Location (km) Slip in Mutnal Toll Plaza Slip out - Hirebagewadi Slip in Hirebagewadi Slip in Hirebagewadi Service road starts Balekollimatta Slip out Service road ends KK Koppa Slip in KK Koppa Slip out Bastawada Slip in Service road start Slip out Halaga Service road/ Tarihal village Slip in Belgaum road Slip out Belgaum road Slip in Halaga Belgaum Slip out Belgaum Slip in Belgaum city Slip in Service road Belgaum Service road starts Belgaum Slip out Service road end Indalga village Slip in KLE Hospital Service road end KLE Hospital Slip in Kakti Slip in KIADB Wayside Amenities Wayside amenities like petrol pumps, dhabas, workshops, pick up bus stops, etc., exist all along the Project Highway. List of way side amenities is given in Table The inventory of sign boards available on the highway is given in Table 2.14 (a) and (b) Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-34

35 Table 2.13: Existing Way Side Amenities/ Structures Sl No. From km To km Side Amenity LHS Power Grid LHS Panjabi Dhaba LHS Hotels LHS Hotel - Santosh, Electronic Weigh Bridge LHS IBP Petrol Pump, Hotels. Sl No. From km To km Side Amenity BP Petrol Pump, Ghar - Dhaba, Mulla - Dhaba & Reliance Petrol Pump LHS LHS Kotur - Govt. School, Mulla - Dhaba LHS Venkatapur - Govt. School LHS Guledkoppa - Govt. School LHS Seven Loves - Dhaba LHS Mulla - Dhaba LHS Indian Oil Petrol Pump Gajraj - Hotel, Dhaba, IBP Petrol Pump & Auto Shops LHS LHS Bharat Oil Petrol Pump, Hotels LHS Mulla - Dhaba LHS Hotels LHS Dastikoppa Govt. School, Govt. Hospital Indian Oil Petrol Pump, M.K. Hubli Govt. School, Hotels LHS LHS M.K. Hubli - Govt. Hospital & Police Station LHS Krishna Hotel LHS Hirebagewadi - APMC Market, Hotels LHS Hotels LHS Hirebagewadi - Govt. Hospital, Police Station LHS Juice Factory (Clean Goods), Hotels LHS Cement Pipe Manufacturing Factory LHS LHS Hotels LHS Hotels LHS Bharat Petrol Pump LHS Auto shops Gopal Ginagouda Hospital, Halaga - Govt. School, Hotels Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-35

36 LHS Auto shops, Hotels LHS Auto shops, Hotels LHS Belgaum Cancer Hospital LHS SRP Hostel LHS KLE Hospital LHS Indian Oil Petrol Pump LHS Hotels LHS Bharat Petrol Pump LHS Hotels Sl From To No. km km Side Amenity LHS Bharat Petrol Pump, Hotels LHS Honaga - Govt. School LHS Ganga - Dhaba, Sai - Dhaba Table 2.14 (a): Inventory of Existing Signages Left Hand Side S.No Chainage (km) Type of Sign Board From To Compulsory Keep Left Destination Sign Left Hand Curve NH Route Marker Sign Right Hand Curve Left Hand Curve Direction Sign Stop Sign Stop Sign Right Hand Curve Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-36

37 Stop Sign Filling Station Eating Place Repair Facility Stop Sign Right Hand Curve Left Hand Curve Filling Station Repair Station Eating Facility Overtaking Prohibited Cross Road Filling Station Advance Direction Sign Stop Sign Left Hand Curve Right Hand Curve NH Route Marker Sign Overtaking Prohibited Cross Road Left Hand Curve Left Hand Curve Right Hand Curve Advance Direction Sign Overtaking Prohibited Cross Road Place Identification Left Hand Curve Left Hand Curve Direction Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-37

38 Overtaking Prohibited Eating Place Cross Road Stop Right Hand Curve Left Hand Curve Right Hand Curve Left Hand Curve Eating Place NH Route Marker Sign Filling Station Right Hand Curve Eating Place Direction Repair Facility Direction Direction Advance Direction Stop Compulsory Keep Left Place Identification Right Hand Curve Left Hand Curve NH Route Marker Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-38

39 Right Hand Curve Direction Left Hand Curve Overtaking Prohibited Direction Stop Right Hand Curve Right Hand Curve Stop Speed Limit Stop Left Hand Curve Left Hand Curve Route Marker Sign Direction Left Hand Curve Advance Direction Advance Direction Stop Overtaking Prohibited Right Hand Curve Direction Stop Sign Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-39

40 Stop Sign Speed Stop Sign NH Route Marker Left Hand Curve Overtaking Prohibited Cross Road Direction Stop Sign Direction Right Hand Curve Right Hand Curve Overhead Sign Board Direction Hospital Cross Road Stop Direction Advance Direction Stop NH Route Marker Repair Facility Advance Direction Cross Road Advance Direction Advance Direction Advance Direction Cross Road No Entry Direction Eating Place Stop Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-40

41 Overhead Sign Board Cross Road Advance Direction Filling Station Advance Direction Advance Direction Cross Road Filling Station DIRECTION Table 2.14 (b): Inventory of Existing Signages Right Hand Side S.No Chainage (km) Type of Sign Board From To Filling Station Advance Direction Cross Road Direction Stop Advance Direction Stop Overhead Sign Left Hand Curve Left Hand Curve Cross Road Direction Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-41

42 Speed Limit Left Hand Curve Right Hand Curve Nh Route Marker Speed Limit Direction Advance Direction Stop Right Hand Curve Left Hand Curve Direction Advance Direction Stop Speed Limit NH Route Marker Right Hand Curve Left Hand Curve Right Hand Curve Direction NH Route Marker Left Hand Curve NH Route Marker Left Hand Curve Left Hand Curve Filling Station Overhead Direction Advance Direction Eating Place Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-42

43 Direction Right Hand Curve Overtaking Prohibited Advance Direction Stop Stop Right Hand Curve Overhead Direction Speed Limit Cross Road Stop NH Route Marker Speed Limit Direction Right Hand Curve Stop Speed Limit Advance Direction Stop Right Hand Curve Cross Hand Curve NH Route Marker Left Hand Curve Filling Station Direction Repair Facility Stop NH Route Marker Advance Direction Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-43

44 Speed Limit Stop Right Hand Curve Right Hand Curve Direction Left Hand Curve Stop Stop Left Hand Curve Right Hand Curve Direction Left Hand Curve Right Hand Curve NH Route Marker Left Hand Curve Direction NH Route Marker Right Hand Curve Left Hand Curve Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-44

45 Right Hand Curve Left Hand Curve Overtaking Prohibited Eating Place Direction Advance Direction Stop NH Route Marker Right Hand Curve Stop Direction Left Hand Curve Right Hand Curve Right Hand Curve Direction Stop NH Route Marker Left Hand Curve Right Hand Curve Eating Place Direction Right Hand Curve Eating Place Stop Stop Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-45

46 NH Route Marker Right Hand Curve 2.22 Utilities Utilities like telephone cables, O.F.C. lines, water pipelines and electric lines run along and across the Project Highway. Some of the utilities would require to be relocated to accommodate widening of main carriageway to 6-lanes and service roads to 2-lane. Details/locations of all the utilities / OFC and trees are shown in the Strip Plans submitted separately. The details of the utilities and trees which are required to be shifted / cut are also shown in the Strip Plans Typical Cross Sections and Condition of existing highway Typical cross sections of the existing 4/6 lane Project Highway are given in Figures 2.2 to Typical features of the exiting Project Highway are shown in Photos 2.1 to Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-46

47 Fig Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-47

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55 Photo 2.1: Km. 474 Major bridge 2 lane bridge (Malprabha Bridge) on LHS Main Carriageway Photo 2.2: Alignment in Hilly Section Photo 2.3: Drainage Problem Photo 2.4: Restricted ROW Photo 2.5: Grade Separator (Vehicular Underpass) 6-lane Photo 2.6: Six Lane Flyover Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-55

56 Photo 2.7: ROB (2X3 lanes) for main Highway and 2 lanes for Service Road Photo 2.8: Pedestrian Sub-Way Photo 2.9: Problem Of Roadside Parking Photo 2.10: Problem Of Roadside Parking Photo 2.11: High Embankment Stretches Photo 2.12: Toll Plaza at Hirebagewadi needs to be improvised Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-56

57 Photo 2.13: Median Plantation Photo 2.14: ROW restricted Photo 2.15: ROW restricted Photo 2.16: ROW restricted Photo 2.17: ROW restricted in rural area Photo 2.18: Land Acquisition Problem (Service Road LHS, Venkatapur) Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-57

58 2.24. Current Traffic There is mixed traffic on the Project Highway comprising of trucks, buses, cars, two wheelers, non-motorised vehicles, etc. The Supervision Consultants had carried out traffic survey in Nov-Dec 2005 at km (location of toll plaza) and the average of 7-day count of tollable traffic is given in Table Table 2.15: Traffic Count Nov-Dec 2005 Number of Vehicles (and not Converted to PCU s) Location Two Wheelers Three Wheelers Animal Driven Carts Tractors Car/ Jeep/ Van LCV Truck/ Bus Multi Axle Vehicle Total Tollable Vehicles (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (5) to (8) 528 NIL The traffic composition as per 7 day count carried out by the Consultants during December 2007 / January 2008, at km and km are given in Table Table 2.16: Traffic Count December 2007 January 2008 Number of Vehicles Location Two Wheeler Three Wheeler Non- Motorised Tractor Car / Jeep / Van LCV Trucks Bus Total Motorised Traffic Total Tollable Traffic No. PCU No. PCU Another 7-day traffic survey was carried out at km and km in February, The details are given in Table Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-58

59 Table2.17: Traffic Count February 2008 Number of Vehicles Location Two Wheeler Three Wheeler Non- Motorised Tractor Car / Jeep / Van LCV Trucks Bus Total Motorised Traffic Total Tollable Traffic No. PCU No. PCU Accidents and Safety The safety of road user, be it a vehicle driver or pedestrian, is an important aspect to be considered while designing a six lane fast highway, with limited access controlled facilities. The main issues identified for safety are wrong side driving, overloading, uncontrolled access, pedestrian interference, head light glare, at grade junctions, etc. In order to bring improvements and to reduce the chance of accidents, the following features are needed: (i) A proper access control system should be put in place. (ii) Proper treatment of the median to limit head light glare, and to prevent front collision and wrong side driving. (iii) Adequate signage to provide information to the user e.g. direction signs, destinations, caution boards, education signage etc. (iv) Proper horizontal and vertical geometry for the design speed. (v) The essential features such as acceleration / deceleration zones, bus bays and shelters, trucks lay bys, pedestrian / cattle / vehicular underpasses and their approaches, proper turning radii, services roads with proper entry and exit ramps. Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-59

60 The existing 4 lane highway is not as safe as it should be because of following reasons: (i) There is partial access control on the highway. There are too many slip in and slip out roads without proper design. (ii) The short distance and long distance traffic get mixed up since the service roads provided are discontinued in many stretches and also the riding quality of service roads is not good. (iii) A number of at- grade junctions are provided without any advance intimation. (iv) Some of the pedestrian sub bays provided are not user friendly. (v) Inadequate facility for movement of traffic and pedestrians living both sides of the villages through which the road passes. Based on the site visit and discussions with the villagers / local police officials, the following are identified as the locations and safety issues which need to be resolved. (i) Wrong side driving Wrong side driving has become a major source of accidents on our highways. This is mainly because of lack of facility for movement from one side to the other, lack of traffic sense and the illiteracy amongst the road users. Photos 2.19 to 2.21 show the wrong side driving at km near toll plaza. Photo 2.19: Wrong Side Driving Photo 2.20: Wrong Side Driving Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-60

61 (ii) Photo 2.21: Wrong Side Driving Design and Signage Deficiency The Dharwad bound carriageway has ghat section in km 490 km 488. The road is designed for a speed of 50 km / hr. The down grade between km has a steep slope of about 6%, coupled with a sharp curve of 230 m radius. Vehicles travel at higher speeds than the design speed. The head light glare and the high speed lead to accident during night time. (iii) Bus Stops and Pedestrian Subways The bus stops are located on the main carriageways. As a result, the passengers cross over the road for other side near the bus stops itself. Also, since there is no pedestrian sub way provided in km 471, pedestrians cross over the carriageway at the surface. This leads to accidents and fatal many a times. Photos 2.22 to 2.23 show the pedestrians crossing the road and the movement of traffic. Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-61

62 Photo 2.22: Pedestrians Crossing Photo 2.23: Pedestrians Crossing (iv) Overloading of Vehicles The overloading of vehicle in volume, rather than the weight especially by carts and tractors, is another problem which needs to be addressed. This results in poor visibility for the fast moving traffic. The Photo 2.24 shows overloaded vehicle observed on the road. Photo 2.24: Overloaded Vehicles (v) Proposed Facilities to Avoid Accidents The improvements proposed on the project corridor include the following: Widening to six lane Closing of at grade junctions Provision of well designed service roads for movement of local traffic Provision of more pedestrian sub ways Proper signage Provision of vehicular under passes, where required Traffic Enforcement Provision of bus bays and shelters on the service roads Highway Patrol Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-62

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72 CHAPTER 3: ENGINEEING SURVEYS, INVESTIGATIONS AND ANALYSIS Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-72

73 CHAPTER 3: ENGINEERING SURVEYS AND INVESTIGATIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS 3.1 Data Collection Traffic Surveys Ground Surveys (ROW Verification) Pavement Condition Survey and Roughness Measurement Materials Investigations Inventory and Condition Survey of Bridges and Culverts Public Consultation General Public Consultation Meeting at M.K. Hubli Public Consultation Meeting at Hirebagewadi Public Consultation Meeting at Kakati Village LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 Test Results of Soil from Borrow Areas 3-3 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix 3.1 Appendix 3.2 Appendix 3.3 Details of Data Collected Details of Minutes/Discussions and Letters to P.D. NHAI Details of Public/Panchayat Meeting Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-73

74 CHAPTER 3 ENGINEEING SURVEYS AND INVESTIGATIONS 3.1 Data Collection As per the Terms of Reference the start of the Project is with validation of the as-built drawings. The Consultants made requests to the PD, NHAI Dharwad to provide necessary data required for feasibility study, like as built drawings, right of way details, etc. The Consultants also had a number of meetings with the PD, NHAI and Team Leader of the Supervision Consultants. We have been able to collect some data from various sources as given in Appendix 3.1, but the authenticated copies of the asbuilt drawings have not been made available till this draft feasibility study report is prepared and submitted. The Consultants also deputed its two Cad Engineers to help scrutiny of the details submitted by the contractors, with a view to expedite finalisation of as-built drawings. Preparation of Draft feasibility report has been delayed on account of non-availability of as-built drawings. A copy of the letters written to the PD, NHAI and record of the minutes/discussions held on the subject are given in Appendix 3.2. In view of the delay already taken place, and reminders received from NHAI, this report has been prepared based on the data collected and additional surveys conducted such as topographic survey, video-photography of the entire length, digital still photography, physical survey, etc. Details of various surveys and investigations, which the Consultant carried out, for arriving at the widening proposal, are given in this Chapter. 3.2 Traffic Surveys The reconnaissance survey was conducted in October 2007 and it helped in identification and understanding of homogeneous traffic sections, visible travel pattern on the corridor, major traffic generators / attractors along and off the project road, major intersections etc. Accordingly, various traffic surveys were planned to capture the traffic and travel characteristics on the sections of the project corridor. The surveys conducted in December January 2008 included, classified traffic Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-74

75 volume count, origin-destination, intersection turning movement, pedestrian count, speed & delay, axle load etc. The first traffic surveys were conducted between 29 th December 2007 to 5 th January 2008, under the supervision of the Traffic Engineer. The results from these traffic studies, including traffic projections, are discussed in detail in Chapter 4 of this report. The traffic volume counts were done for 7 days, both for up and down directions, at two locations viz. km 486 and km 514. Another set of 7 days traffic volume count at these locations was done in February The origin destination and axle load surveys were done at two locations, viz. km and km 514, for 24 hours, covering about 10 20% of the vehicles, on random sample basis. 3.3 Ground Surveys (ROW Verification) Topographic survey with Total Station has been conducted to collect information on salient features of the existing highway and the available ROW. The details of existing ROW and other features along the highway are presented in Chapter Pavement Condition Survey And Roughness Measurement The pavement condition survey, along with a roughness survey was carried out in the first week of January The survey included road inventory, pavement condition, and IRI (roughness measurements) and structural evaluation. Details of pavement condition survey are given in Chapter Materials Investigations A number of borrow areas were used during the 4 laning work. There are a number of borrow areas which still have adequate and appropriate quantity of soil for 6 laning work. Some of these borrow areas were investigated during the field visits for quality and quantity verification of the material available. The samples collected from the borrow areas were subjected to detailed laboratory studies. The results are presented in Tables 3.1. As seen from the Table, good quality soil is available along the Project Highway, within reasonable load, for the widening works. Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-75

76 Sl. No. Borrow Area Lead from NH -4 Depth Table 3.1: Test Results of Soil from Borrow Areas Liquid Plastic Plasticity Sieve Analysis Limit Limit Index Gravel % Sand % Silt - Clay % MDD gm/cc RHS 1860 m up to 0.5 m OMC % Free Swell Index (%) 0.5 to 1.0 m CBR (%) at 97 % MDD LHS 625 m 0.75 to 1.5 m up to 0.75 m RHS 1100 m up to 1.0 m to 2.0 m LHS 550 m up to 0.75 m to 1.5 m LHS 1050 m up to 0.75 m to 1.5 m LHS 700 m up to 1.0 m to 2.0 m RHS 100 m up to 0.75 m to 1.5 m Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 3-76

77 3.6 Inventory And Condition Survey of Bridges and Culverts The Senior Bridge Engineer, along with a team of bridge / field engineers, carried out the inventory and condition survey of the complete project road from 29 th December 2007 to 15 th January Visual inspection was done to find out the deficiencies in the structures. At some bridge locations, due to water logging in the entire waterway, it was not possible to inspect the structure from beneath. Type of expansion joints in the old existing bridges could not be ascertained as they were covered with bituminous overlays at most the bridge locations. The details of the structure are given in Chapter Public Consultation General Keeping in view, the requirement of Public Consultation, as satisfied in TOR clause 4.9, the Consultant held Public Consultation meetings along the Project Highways. The meetings were held in the month of February, The Public Consultation meetings were held at the following places, and were finalized in Consultation with NHAI and Police Officials: 1. M.K. Hubli 2. Hirebagewadi 3. Kakati The meetings were held with the general public, elected representatives of Gram Panchayat, Zilla Parishad and other key personnel of the area. The NHAI officials also participated in the meetings. The proposal of six laning of the Dharwad Belgaum section of NH 4, covering widening of the existing pavement carriageway, improvements in the service roads, provision of vehicular / pedestrian crossings, safety aspects etc were explained to the participants. The details of the deliberations are given here. Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-77

78 3.7.2 Public Consultation Meeting at M.K. Hubli The meeting was held on 26 th February, 2008 in the office of the village Panchayat. 21 persons from the general public, Gram Panchayat and Zilla Parishad, as per attendance list given below, participated in the meeting. The following points emerged during the discussion: a. The existing pedestrian subway at km 475 is not being used because of its poor design and the lack of facilities. It is not safe for the ladies to use the facility because there is no light. It is being used by some anti social elements and filth. b. Bus bays and shelter shall be provided on both sides on the service roads. c. The damaged parts of the service roads in km 472 shall be repaired, level raised and adequate cross drainage works provided. There are some of the cattle walks which are submerged under water because of the poor drainage condition. As a result, they are not being used. Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-78

79 d. There is need to provide a new pedestrian subway at appropriate location, to enable the pedestrians of different age group to cross over to the other side. e. There is need for a bridge, across Malprabha River for vehicles like carts, tractors etc to cross over. A copy of the Panchayat resolution along with the list of participants, is given in Appendix 3.3. Views of Public Consultation meeting and the condition of existing facilities are shown in Photos 3.1 to Photo 3.1: Consultants explaining the 6 laning proposal Photo 3.2: The participants expressing their views Photo 3.3: Approach to the pedestrian crossing Photo 3.4: Participants explaining the problems faced Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-79

80 Photo 3.5: Inside view of the C-D work used as pedestrian crossing Photo 3.6: NHAI Official responding to the participants Photo 3.7: Ponding of water in cattle crossing Photo 3.8: Poor drainage condition at cattle crossing Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-80

81 Photo 3.9: Damaged service road due to poor drainage condition Photo 3.10: Consultants taking note of demands of the participants Public Consultation Meeting at Hirebagewadi The meeting at Hirebagewadi was held on 27 th February, 2008 in the Panchayat office. The representatives from the village, Gram Panchayat, Zilla Parishad attended the meeting. A total of 27 persons, as per the attendance list given below, participated in the meeting. Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-81

82 The participants were explained of the widening proposals. Various problems being experienced by the villagers as a result of the recently completed four laning work were expressed by them. The following points emerged as a result of the discussion: a. The pedestrian survey provided at km 486 should be relocated and redesigned keeping in view the poor drainage facility leading to accumulation of water during rainy season and the bad light. b. A new pedestrian subway shall be provided near Karnataka Cottage and connected through smooth gradient with the service roads on both sides. c. The service roads shall be widened and strengthened to serve the needed purpose. d. Street light shall be provided on the service roads. e. No toll shall be charged from villagers who have land on the other side of the Toll Plaza, since they have given their lands for the 4 - laning work. f. Adequate cross drainage works shall be provided in order to drain out the water. At many locations on the service roads the provision of CD works is necessary for the smooth flow of water from one side to the other. g. One vehicular underpass shall be provided in km 481 to enable the movement of traffic from Belgaum side to state highway leading to Parashwad. h. One of the two openings of CD work provided at km shall be converted into pedestrian subway and the other half shall work as cross drainage work. i. Poor geometrics at km 488, coupled with head light glare at night, leads to accident. j. There is need to provide adequate arrangement for movement of pedestrians and also for drainage of water to the village storage pond. Some glimpses of the meeting are shown in Photos 3.11 to Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-82

83 Photo 3.11: Consultants explaining the proposal to the participants Photo 3.12: Participants discussing the proposal amongst themselves Photo 3.13: Consultants taking note of the view of the participants Photo 3.14: The participants explaining the problems Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-83

84 Photo 3.15: Interaction between Consultants and the participants Photo 3.16: Consultants on visits with the participants Photo 3.17: Participants expressing the view point Photo 3.18: Poor Condition of the drains Public Consultation Meeting at Kakati Village The consultation meeting at Kakati Village was held at the Panchayat office on 28 th February, The Consultant and the NHAI officials explained to the villagers of the proposed six laning work. The meeting was attended by the Gram Panchayat representatives, businessmen and the local residents. The participants expressed their grievances arising due to construction of 4 laning work and the provision of inadequate service roads. The villagers are experiencing lot of difficulties. Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-84

85 The following points emerged during the discussion. a. The lack of structures provided on the highway for movement of pedestrians and vehicles from one side to other. The business of the local residents has been severely affected. b. The underpass provided at km shall be widened and height raised for smooth movement of the buses and trucks. c. The drains provided are not affective and create water logging of the area. d. The service roads shall be widened and strengthened to the required standards. e. Bus bays and shelters should be provided on service roads on both sides of the highway. f. A new pedestrian subway shall be provided in km 511. Some glimpses of the meeting are shown in Photos 3.19 to Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-85

86 Photo 3.19: Consultants explaining the proposals to the participants Photo 3.20: View of meeting with participants Photo 3.21: Participants expressing their views Photo 3.22: Villagers participation in the meeting Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-86

87 Photo 3.23: Consultants expressing views on villagers demands Photo 3.24: Interaction between the participants and the Consultants Photo 3.25: Consultants expressing their view points Photo 3.26: Consultants taking note of villagers needs Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-87

88 Photo 3.27: Interaction between Consultants and the villagers Photo 3.28: NHAI officials interaction with the villagers The suggestions made by the villagers / road users during the Public Consultation meetings as above have been duly considered and provisions made in the six laning proposals, as feasible. Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-88

89 CHAPTER 4: TRAFFIC STUDIES AND ANALYSIS Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-89

90 CHAPTER 4: TRAFFIC STUDIES AND ANALYSIS TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.1 General Traffic Survey Planning & Schedule Reconnaissance Survey Traffic Surveys and their Locations Details of Surveys Traffic Analysis Comparison Of Two Rounds Of Traffic Count Travel Characteristics General Development of Origin Destination Matrices Commodity Movement Characteristics Axle Load Survey Speed Characteristics Traffic Survey For Slip In / Slip Out Service Road Traffic Forecasting Traffic Forecasting Techniques Traffic Growth by Past Trends Growth Pattern of Registered Vehicles Growth Pattern of Economic Indicators Estimation of Transport Demand Elasticity Estimation of Traffic Growth Recommend Traffic Growth 4-35 LIST OF TABLES Table 4.1 Traffic Surveys, Location and Duration Table 4.2 (a) Weekly Average Traffic Data at km (Dec-Jan 2008) 4-6 Table 4.2 (b) Weekly Average Traffic Data at km (Dec-Jan 2008) 4-7 Table 4.3 (a) Weekly Average Traffic Data at km (Feb 2008) Table 4.3 (b) Weekly Average Traffic Data at km (Feb 2008) 4-9 Table 4.4 No. of Vehicles Interviewed for O D Survey 4-10 Table 4.5 Comparison of Two Sets of Traffic Surveys 4-11 Table 4.6 (a) O-D Matrix at km Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-90

91 Table 4.6 (b) O-D Matrix at km Table 4.7 Distribution of vehicle Trips by Commodity at km Table 4.8 Distribution of vehicles trips by commodity at km Table 4.9 Vehicle Damage Factors Table 4.10 Total Projected Traffic (MSA) over Design Life Table 4.11 Corridor Travel Speeds in the Project Area 4-21 Table 4.12 (a) Traffic Survey Information Pertaining to Slip In/Out and Table 4.12 (b) Service Road (LHS) Traffic Survey Information Pertaining to Slip In/Out and Service Road (RHS) 4-25 Table 4.13 Traffic Growth by Past Trends Table 4.14 Growth of Registered Vehicle in Karnataka State Table 4.15 (a) Growth of Economic Indicators Table 4.15 (b) Projected Growth of Economic Indicators 4-31 Table 4.16 (a) Summary of Indicators Growth (%) Table 4.16 (b) Calculation of Elasticity for Karnataka State Table 4.16 (c) Comparison of Elasticity by different Methods Table 4.17 Transport Demand Elasticity 4-34 Table 4.18 Estimated Traffic Growth (%) Table 4.19 Monthly Sale of Motor Sprit and High Speed Diesel in Karnataka Table 4.20 Projected Future Traffic 4-37 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 4.1 (a) Growth Trend of Cars Figure 4.1 (b) Growth Trend of Buses 4-30 Figure 4.1 (c) Growth Trend of Trucks Figure 4.1 (d) Growth Trend of 2 Wheelers 4-30 Figure 4.2 Growth of Economic Indicators Figure 4.3 Showing Sale of High Speed Diesel in Karnataka LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix 4.1 (a) Detailed Day-wise Traffic Volume Count at km Appendix 4.1 (b) Detailed Day-wise Traffic Volume Count at km Appendix 4.2 (a) Year-wise Projected Traffic for 20 years at km Appendix 4.2 (b) Year-wise Projected Traffic for 20 years at km Appendix 4.3 (a) Details of Commodity carried and Axle Load Data at km Appendix 4.3 (b) Details of Commodity carried and Axle Load Data at km Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-91

92 CHAPTER 4 TRAFFIC STUDIES AND ANALYSIS 4.1 General The km long project corridor on NH 4 starts from Dharwad (km 433) and ends after Belgaum (at km 515) and is part of the Chennai Mumbai Golden Quadrilateral corridor. The present project involves the assessment and evaluation of the feasibility to convert the existing 4 lane corridor to a 6 lane facility with partial / full access control, through provision of service roads, grade separators and other features to ensure safety. This chapter discusses the various traffic surveys conducted, their analysis, travel characteristics and traffic projections etc. with the following objectives. Establish base year traffic demand Capacity assessment based on demand forecasting for next 25 years (up to year 2032) Identification of travel pattern & influence area of the project stretch Pattern of commodity movement Deriving Growth Factor for traffic demand Forecasting Estimation of corridor traffic including traffic diversion, if any Enable preliminary design of project facilities 4.2 Traffic Survey Planning & Schedule Reconnaissance Survey The Consultants carried out a reconnaissance survey of the project corridor during October 2007 to understand the general traffic and travel characteristics on the corridor. There are number of important settlements (major / minor) along the Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-92

93 corridor. Some of the important settlements along the corridor are given Table 2.2 of Chapter 2. The Belgaum city, located along the corridor, has been provided with bypass offering varying levels of service Traffic Surveys and their Locations Considering the apparent travel pattern, the traffic surveys to be conducted and their locations were identified. objectives of the study and TOR requirements: Following surveys have been conducted to meet the Classified Traffic Volume Count Survey for 7 days at two locations, two times Origin Destination survey for 24 hours at 2 locations Turning Movement count for 12 Hours at 10 locations Pedestrian Count survey for 12 Hours at 5 locations Speed and Delay survey on project corridor Movement of traffic a service road Axle Load survey for 1 day at 2 locations The traffic surveys were conducted during December 2007 to February All the traffic surveys were conducted following the relevant IRC and MORTH guidelines. The list of surveys and survey locations along with the schedule are given in Table 4.1. Some glimpses of traffic surveys are shown in Photos 4.1 to 4.7. Table 4.1: Traffic Surveys, Location and Duration S.No. Traffic Survey Location Frequency Duration 1. Classified Traffic km and Twice 7 days each Volume Count km O-D Survey km and Once 12 hours each km Turning Movement 10 Once 12 hours each 4. Pedestrian Count 5 Once 12 hours each Survey 5. Speed and Delay - Once - 6. Movement of Traffic on Service - Once - Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-93

94 Road 7. Axle Load Survey km and km Once 1 day each Photo 4.1: OD Survey at Km Photo 4.2: Axle Load Survey at Km Photo 4.3: Rear Axle of Truck Being Weighed Photo 4.4: Trucks Line Up at Toll Plaza Photo 4.5: Extent of Heavy Load Carried Photo 4.6: Axle Load Survey at Toll Plaza Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-94

95 By Multi Axle Truck Photo 4.7: View of 10 Bay Toll Plaza Provided at Km Details of Surveys The details of various traffic surveys are presented in the following subsections Classified Traffic Volume Count Surveys: Two sets of 7 days classified traffic volume count surveys were conducted at two locations viz. km and km The compiled survey data as average of the weak, separately for the two rounds, are presented in Tables 4.2 (a) & (b) and 4.3 (a) & (b). The detailed day-wise data for the two sets is given in Appendix 4.1 (a) & 4.1 (b) Origin and Destination Survey: 24 hour O-D Surveys were conducted at km 483.6, the Hirebagewadi toll plaza, and at km to determine the traffic flow pattern and area of influence by their origin and destination that would have an impacts on growth trend of traffic. The O-D survey was conducted on random sample basis to cover both passenger and fright traffic. The number of vehicles interviewed for O-D survey is given in Table Axle Load Survey: The axle load surveys were conducted for 24 hours, round clock, at km and km The surveys were undertaken for study Consulting Engineers Group Ltd 4-95