17. INDIAN RAILWAY. The Government Railways are classified by Zones as mentioned below: (i) Central, (ii) Eastern,

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1 17. INDIAN RAILWAY This section includes tables providing statistics of passenger and goods traffic, revenue and expenditure and general working of Indian Railways. The statistics are collected by the Ministry of Railways from various Zonal Railways, Production Units, Metropolitan Transport Projects etc. Indian Railways are classified as Government and Non-Government Railways. However statistics pertaining to Non-Government Railways have been discontinued w.e.f The Government Railways are classified by Zones as mentioned below: (i) Central, (ii) Eastern, (iii) Northern, (iv) North Eastern, (v) Northeast Frontier, (vi) Southern, (vii) South Central, (viii) South Eastern, (ix) Western. Besides above, the following 7 new Zones have also been set up (i) East Coast, (ii) East Central, (iii) North Central, (iv) North Western, (v) South Western, (vi) South East Central and (vii) West Central The Indian Railways are also classified by Gauges as Broad (1.676m.), Metre (1.000m) and Narrow (0.762m. & 0.610m.) according to the minimum distance between two rails in metres mentioned in brackets. Table 17.1 This table provides the summary results of the general working of Indian Railways. The definitions of various terms used in this table are given below: Route Kilometers: This represents the length of the railway routes open for traffic at the end of each year. In calculating the length of the route, double or more than double lines are counted only once. Gross Earnings and Working Expenses: This represents total earnings and expenses of Railways in an accounting period irrespective of whether or not the earnings have been realised or expenses paid. Gross earnings include all earnings from passenger traffic, goods traffic, parcels, luggage and other miscellaneous sources of revenue, while working expenses include all expenses incurred for maintenance of structural works, supply of loco power, carriage and wagon stock, ferry steamers and harbors as well as the expenses of traffic departments, general electric service departments and other miscellaneous expenses. 240

2 Train Kilometers: This represents the kilometers run by trains carrying passengers or goods or both as well as the kilometers run by empty trains. No deduction is made for departmental trains. Number of Passengers and Metric Tonnes carried: The figures represent the number of passengers and weight in metric tonne of goods, originating on all Railways, treating passengers traveling or goods carried over two or more Railways as single journey. Passenger Kilometers and Net Tonne Kilometers: These figures represent the real indices of the volume of passengers and goods traffic handled. These are arrived at by multiplying the total number of passengers carried and the total tonnage of goods carried by the respective number of kilometers, over which they are moved. Table 17.2 This table provides data in respect of passengers, goods traffic carried and earnings of the Govt. and Non-Govt. Railways. Number of passengers carried and tonnage of goods carried, unlike in table 17.1, represents total number of passengers and total tonnage of goods carried on individual Railways, treating passengers traveling and goods carried over two or more Railways as having performed two or more journeys. Table 17.3 This table presents the Capital-at-Charge, earnings and expenditure positions separately of Government and Non-Government Railways. Table 17.4 This table provides the results of the financial working of Government Railways, showing Capital-at-Charge, gross receipts, operating expenses, Depreciation Reserve Fund, net receipts etc. Table 17.5 This table presents data relating to revenue, expenditure and the net gain or loss of the Railways for which Government is financially responsible. The revenue includes State Railways gross receipts, subsidised companies, miscellaneous receipts, while the expenditure includes State Railways working expenses, subsidy paid to companies, miscellaneous expenditure, dividend on loan capital and payment to general revenues in lieu of tax on passenger fare. Table 17.6 This table provides details of gross earnings of Indian Railways from passenger and goods traffic. 241

3 Table 17.7 This table presents data regarding number of persons killed and injured due to accidents, failures of railway equipment and un-usual occurrences. The figures exclude the persons killed or injured in railway workshops etc. Besides, the figures are based on accident messages issued immediately after the occurrence of accidents etc., and do not take into account the deterioration in the health of affected persons (i.e. injuries culminating into fatalities) after hospitalisation etc. Casualties from causes unconnected with railway working, such as death of passengers in carriages or at stations from natural causes, are excluded. 242

4 INDIAN RAILWAYS 243 Table RAILWAY STATISTICS - SUMMARY Item Unit Route open for traffic at the end of year: (km.) Broad gauge Metre gauge Narrow gauge Capital-at-Charge at the end of year (Rs. Ten Million) Gross earnings (Rs. Ten Million) Working expenses Net earnings (Rs. Ten Million) Percentage of working (Rs. Ten Million) expenses of gross earnings Percentage of net earnings to total Capital-at-Charge (1) No. of passengers carried : ('000) A.C. 1st class A.C. Sleeper A.C.-3 Tier st Class Mail/Express Ordinary(3) A.C.Chair Car Sleeper class Mail/Exp Ordinary (3) nd Class Mail/Express Ordinary (3) Passenger kilometres (Million km.) Average rate charged per passenger per kilometre: (paise) A.C. 1st class A.C. Sleeper A.C.-3 Tier st Class Mail/Express Ordinary (3) A.C.Chair Car Sleeper class Mail/ Express (2),Ordinary (3) nd Class Mail/Express Ordinary (3) Total goods carried (4) ('000 tonne) Net tonnes kilometres (4) Ten Million km.) Average rate charged per tonne kilometres (paise) (1) Percentage has been worked out after excluding Capital-at-Charge of MTPs and Circular Railways. (2) Sleeper class was introduced w.e.f (3) The figures for Ist class/sleeper class/2nd class ordinary includethose of Mail/Express for the year of 1991 (4) Includes non-revenue traffic also.

5 INDIAN RAILWAYS 244 Table RAILWAY STATISTICS - SUMMARY-Concld. Item Railway staff employed at the end of year : Open line Group A & B Group C & D Construction : Group A & B Group C & D Number of persons killed on the railways (5): Passengers Railway servants Others (6) Rolling stock-locomotives : Steam Diesel Electric Rail cars (internal combustion engine propelled) Electric multiple unit coaches* Coaching vehicles: Passenger carriages (7) Other vehicles (9) Goods wagons (8) Broad guage (i) Covered wagons (8) (ii) Open wagons (8) (iii) Other wagons Other gauges Train kilometres: ('000) Passenger trains Steam Diesel Electric Goods trains Steam Diesel Electric Mixed trains Steam Diesel Electric Total (Including departmental) Steam Diesel Electric (5) It excludes data relating to Metro Railway, Calcutta which came into operation in , as also Railway workshops, etc. (6) Includes trespassers and suicides. (7) Excluding military cars, dining cars, saloons (Royal and State) and reserved carriages for public which are included in "other vehicles" in the next item. (8) Excluding vehicles/wagons used exclusively on Railway service which are, however, included under "Other vehicles"/other wagons". (9) Includes luggage vans,mail vans,parcel vans etc. *: Includes the data relating to DEMU and DHMU coaches from onwards.

6 245 INDIAN RAILWAYS Table PASSENGERS AND GOODS CARRIED AND EARNINGS DERIVED THEREFROM BY RAILWAYS Number of Earnings from Load of Earnings passengers passengers goods(3) from goods Railway Year originating (1) carried carried (1) carried (RsMillion) (RsMillion) (Million tonne) (RsMillion) Government Railways Broad Gauge (1.676 m)(2) Central Eastern East Central East Coast Northern North Central North Eastern Northeast Frontier North Western Southern South Central South Eastern South East Central South Western Western West Central Metre Gauge (1.000 m)(2) East Central North Central North Eastern Northeast Frontier North Western Southern South Central South Western Western Narrow Gauge (0.762 m and m)(2) Central Eastern East Coast Northern North Central Northeast Frontier South Eastern South East Central Western (1) Represents the total number of passengers carried on individual Railway, treating passengers travelling over two or more Railways as having performed two or more journeys. These remarks apply to load of goods carried also. (2) Excludes the element of duplication involved in number of passengers travelling over more than one Railways. (3) Includes Non-revenue traffic also. Note:Gauge wise total figures are not available due to non receipt of apportioned figures for from all zonal Railways.

7 246 INDIAN RAILWAYS Table CAPITAL - AT - CHARGE, EARNINGS AND EXPENSES OF RAILWAYS Total Capital- Gross Working Net %age of %age of Net at-charge (1) earnings expenses earnings working earnings to Year expenses to total (Rs.Million) gross Capital-at earnings Charge (2) (1) Relates to open lines and on lines wholly or partly under construction (including ferries & suspense). (2) Percentage is on Capital-at-Charge including Capital-at-Charge of MTPs and Circular Railway project. Note: Capital-at-Charge includes Rs million, Rs million, Rs million, Rs million, Rs million, Rs million, Rs million and Rs million pertaining to MTPs and Circular Railway projects for the years , , , , , and respectively.

8 247 INDIAN RAILWAYS Table FINANCIAL RESULTS OF GOVERNMENT RAILWAYS Item Unit Route Km Capital-at-Charge at the end of year (1) Rs.Ten Million Railway capital fund(2) Rs.Ten Million Gross traffic receipts Rs.Ten Million Operating expenses Rs.Ten Million Depreciation Reserve Fund Rs.Ten Million Pension fund Rs.Ten Million Net traffic receipts Rs.Ten Million Net miscellaneous receipts after deducting miscellaneous charge and surplus profits payable to companies. Rs.Ten Million (+) (+) (+) (+) Net revenue Rs.Ten Million Charges against net revenue receipts Rs.Ten Million Surplus/deficit Rs.Ten Million (+) Percentage of working expenses(including Depreciation Reserve Fund) to gross traffic receipts Percentage of net revenue to Capital-at-Charge and investment from capital fund (3) Item Unit Route Km Capital-at-Charge at the end of year (1) Rs.Ten Million Railway capital fund (2) Rs.Ten Million Gross traffic receipts Rs.Ten Million Operating expenses Rs.Ten Million Depreciation Reserve Fund Rs.Ten Million Pension fund Rs.Ten Million Net traffic receipts Rs.Ten Million Net miscellaneous receipts after deducting miscellaneous charges and surplus profits payable to companies Rs.Ten Million Net revenue Rs.Ten Million Charges against net revenue receipts Rs.Ten Million Surplus/Deficit Rs.Ten Million Percentage of working expenses(including Depreciation Reserve Fund) to gross traffic receipts Percentage of net revenue to Capital-at-Charge and investment from capital fund(3) (1) Includes manufacturing units, independent projects and miscellaneous items. (2) Introduced in but booking made only from (3) Percentage has been worked out after excluding Capital-at-Charge of MTPs and Circular Railway, Kolkata Rs ten million., Rs ten million, Rs ten million, Rs ten million, Rs ten million Rs ten million, Rs ten million and Rs ten million for , , , , and respectively).

9 248 INDIAN RAILWAYS TABLE REVENUE ACCOUNT OF THE RAILWAYS IN RESPECT OF WHICH GOVERNMENT IS FINANCIALLY RESPONSIBLE (Rs.thousand) Revenue Account Gain(+)or loss(-) Year Revenue Expenditure to State (+) (+) (+) (+) (+) (+) (+) (+) (+) (+) Notes: 1. Items included under "Revenue" are State Railways, gross traffic receipts, subsidised companies' (Government share) surplus, profits etc. and Railway miscellaneous receipts. 2. Items included under "Expenditure" are State Railways' working expenses, subsidy paid to companies, miscellaneous expenditure, dividend on loan capital and payment to General Revenues in lieu of tax on passenger fare and deferred dividend.

10 249 INDIAN RAILWAYS Table DETAILS OF GROSS TRAFFIC EARNINGS (Rs.thousand) Item Coaching traffic: (A) Passenger traffic (i) A.C (ii) 1st class (iii) A.C. chair car # (iv) 2nd class (v) Sleeper class (2) (B) Other coaching traffic Goods traffic (1) Other miscellaneous earnings Total gross earnings(1+2+3) Item Coaching traffic: (A) Passenger traffic (i) A.C (ii) 1st class (iii) A.C. chair car (iv) 2nd class (v) Sleeper class (2) (B) Other coaching traffic Goods traffic (1) Other miscellaneous earnings Total gross earnings(1+2+3) (1) Goods earnings include earnings from demurrage, wharfage, etc. while earnings from goods carried referred to in the table No.17.7 do not include these items. (2) Sleeper class introduced w.e.f # Including A.C. Chair car and A.C. II tier Sleeper.

11 250 INDIAN RAILWAYS Table NUMBER OF PERSONS KILLED AND INJURED ACCORDING TO NATURE OF ACCIDENTS Nature of accident Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured Killed Injured A.Passengers: In train accidents, failures of railway equipment and misc. accidents In unusual occurrences caused by movement of railway vehicles exclusive of train accidents etc In unusual occurrences on railway premises not connected with the movement of railway vehicles B.Railway servants: In train accidents, failures of railway equipment and misc. accidents In unusual occurrences caused by movement of railway vehicles exclusive of train accidents etc In unusual occurrences on railway premises not connected with the movement of railway vehicles C.Other persons (1): In train accidents, failures of railway equipment and misc. accidents In unusual occurrences caused by movement of railway vehicles exclusive of train accidents etc In unusual occurrences on railway premises not connected with the movement of railway vehicles Grand total (A+B+C) (1) Includes other persons killed and injured due to trespass and suicides. Note:Excludes data relating to railway workshops, etc.

12 TABLE NUMBER 17.1 PASSENGER AND TONNE KILOMETRE PERFORMED PASSENGER KILOMETRES (Million km) NET TONNE KILOMETRES (Crore km) TABLE NUMBER 17.1 ROLLING STOCK - LOCOMOTIVES (NUMBER) STEAM DIESEL ELECTRIC