2006 IEEE PES General Meeting June 2006, Montreal, Canada Paper 06GM0613. Fault Current Limiters - Report on the Activities of Cigre WG A3.

Transcription

1 18-22 June 2006, Montreal, Canada Paper 06GM0613 Fault Current Limiters - Report on the Activities of Cigre WG A3.16 presented by: Heino Schmitt, Siemens AG on behalf of Cigre WG A3.16 heino.schmitt@siemens.com June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

2 Content Overview Fault Current Limitation State of the Art Application Questionnaire Protection Conclusion June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

3 Overview CIGRE WG Fault Current Limiters Established in members from 9 different countries Reports in Electra 2001 and 2003 Technical Brochure No. 239, 2003 Work finished and WG disbanded in June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

4 Overview Further work WG A3.16: Fault current limiters impact of different fault current limiting technologies on existing protection and new protection schemes 12 members from 9 different countries Report scheduled for June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

5 Fault Current Limitation R s L s i f ~ U 0 CB Fault Unlimited peak short-circuit current Peak let-through current Peak let-through current Rated current (max. load current) Prospective fault current with current interrupting without current interrupting Normal operation Short-circuit June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

6 State of the Art of Fault Current Limiters Characterisation Passive Fault Current Limiting Measures Passive: Increase of Impedance at Nominal and Fault Conditions (Example: Fault Current Limiting Reactor) Active Fault Current Limiters Active: Fast Increase of Source Impedance at Fault Conditions (Example: Superconducting Fault Current Limiter) With Current Interruption Without Current Interruption Self-triggered External-triggered June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

7 1 2 Distribution network Potential Application 3 Transmission network Distribution network SC-Cable 9 9 Distribution network 1 Generator feeder 2 Power station auxiliaries 3 Network coupling 4,5 Busbar coupling 6 Shunting current limiting reactor 7 Transformer feeder 8 Busbar connection / feeder 9 Combination with other SC devices, especially SC cables 10 Coupling local generating units 11 Closing ring circuits June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

8 Potential Application L June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

9 Potential Application RWE, Germany 110 kv application Coupling of 110 kv subgrids 380 kv 380 kv 380 kv A 110 kv B 110 kv 220 kv 220 kv 220 kv 380 kv June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

10 Questionnaire need for CIGRE Questionnaire 1996 location of up to 145 kv 11% above 145 kv 2% F e e d e r 1 5 % I n c o m i n g T r a n s f o r m e r 1 8 % I n c o m i n g G e n e r a t o r 1 5 % up to 36 kv 87% B u s T i e 5 2 % June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

11 Questionnaire CIGRE Questionnaire need for 10 % need at MV with restrictions 47 % need at MV without restrictions 21 % need at HV without restrictions 6 % need at HV with restrictions 26 % no need at all June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

12 Protection Principles Overcurrent protection (protection number 50/51) Distance protection (protection number 21) Directional protection (protection number 67) Differential protection (protection number 87) June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

13 Influence on Protection Systems Sensing transmission errors causing a difference between primary and secondary signals Pick-up distinction between load and fault currents Processing evaluation of measured values regarding magnitude, phase angle, etc. Co-ordination considering selectivity, sensitivity and reliability June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

14 Influence on Protection Systems Hardw are Relay AC S 1 D/D D/A D/D B1 B2 B3 T1 L L R L CT PT SC RTDS Simulation T2 G June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

15 Influence on Protection Systems Current (ka) 1 0 Trip Relay State Current (ka) 1 0 Trip Relay State Total Superconductor Shunt trip Normal Total Supe rconductor Shunt trip Normal in upstream of PT and CT in downstream of PT and CT June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

16 Protection Zones Case: inside 87 Protection zone Internal fault External fault Case: outside June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

17 Influence on Protection Systems June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

18 Conclusion characteristics introduce new system dynamics Standard testing procedures must be developed System protection must be investigated How to coordinate characteristic with existing protection schemes? New protection schemes are possible with for future systems Validated models for system simulation studies needed New materials for (e.g. Cryogenics) Utilities/users are not familiar with June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,

19 Thank you for your attention Fault Current Limiters - Report on the Activities of Cigre WG A June 2006, Montreal, Canada Heino Schmitt,