Center for Urban Transportation Research University of South Florida

Transcription

1 Evaluation of Rear-end Collisions and Identification of Possible Solutions William P. Morris and Christopher P. DeAnnuntis CUTR Webcast May 29, 214 Center for Urban Transportation Research University of South Florida Purpose Determine if rear-end collisions are increasing Conduct an assessment to ascertain the prevalence of rear-end collisions Identify conditions that exist when rear-end collisions occur Identify mitigation strategies for agencies that have identified rear-end collisions as a major issue Assess impact of Yield to Bus and pull out bays on rearend collisions Identify solutions and/or strategies to reduce rear-end collisions Examine bus safety legislation in other states and assess whether Florida s current statutes need to be revised 2 1

2 Major Incident Report National Transit Database NTD Database for Major Incidents Compiles data from all reporting agencies in all 5 states and territories Starting in 28, included rear-ended and rearending as collision types Data was aggregated by FTA Region For analysis and comparison, rear-ended and rear-ending collisions as a percentage of total collisions were compiled. For comparison, collisions per 1, miles was used as a leveling data set for analysis. 3 Total Annual Motorbus Collisions with Rear-ended and Rear-ending (28-212) 3,162 3,121 3,224 3,261 3,696 4, 3, 2, 1, Collision Type (Rear-ending) Collision Type (Rear-ended) Total Motor Bus Collisions 4 2

3 Total Annual Motorbus Collisions per 1, miles Total Rear-ending Collisions per 1, miles Total Rear-ended Collisions per 1, miles Total Collisions per 1, miles 5 Rear-ended and Rear-ending as a Percentage of Total Collisions % 2.% 23.1% 21.6% 21.% 18.1% 2.% 15.% 1.% 12.1% 8.9% 8.5% 8.9% 5.5% 5.%.% Collision Type (rear-ending) as % of Total Collisions Collision Type (rear-ended) as % of Total Collisions 6 3

4 Total Collisions with Rear-ended and Rear-ending by FTA Region Region 1 Region 2 Region 3 Region 4 Region 5 Region 6 Region 7 Region 8 Region 9 Region 1 Collision Type (Rear-ending) Collision Type (Rear-ended) 212 Motor Bus Collisions 7 Annual Motorbus Collisions, All Florida Agencies, Collision Type (Rear-ending) Collision Type (Rear-ended) Annual Motor Bus Collisions 8 4

5 Annual Motorbus Collisions by Collision Type as a Percentage of Total Florida Transit Agency Collisions, % 33.5% 42.9% 35.1% 38.6% 38.1% 4.% 3.% 2.% 1.% 9.7% 1.5% 5.1% 4.5% 4.2%.% Collision Type (rear-ending) as % of Total Fl Agency Collisions Collision Type (rear-ended) as % of Total Fl Agency Collisions 9 Annual Motorbus Collisions per 1, Miles, All Florida Agencies, Rear-Ending Collisions per 1, miles Rear-Ended Collisions per 1, miles Total Collisions per 1, miles 1 5

6 County Transit Division: Motorbus Collisions, Collision Type (Rear-ending) Collision Type (Rear-ended) Total Motor Bus Collisions 11 Central Florida Regional Transportation: Annual Motorbus Collisions, Collision Type (Rear-ending) Collisions Type (Rear-ended) Annual Motor Bus Collisions 12 6

7 Aggregate Total Collisions per 1, miles for Florida, Region 4, and the United States plus Territories for the years United States + Territories Region 4 Florida 13 Aggregate Total Rear-ended Collisions per 1, miles for Florida, Region 4, and the United States plus Territories for the years United States + Territories Region 4 Florida 14 7

8 Total Motorbus Collisions - Six Most Populous States California Texas New York Illinois Pennsylvania Florida 128 Collision Type (Rear-ending) Collision Type (Rear-ended) 212 Motor Bus Collisions 15 Rear-ended and Rear-ending as a Percentage of Total Collisions - Six Most Populous States % % 14.4% 12.8% 8.9% 7.2% 5.8% 7.1% 4.% 3.2% 4.% 4.2% California Texas New York Illinois Pennsylvania Florida Collision Type (rear-ending) as % of Total Motorbus Collisions Collision Type (rear-ended) as % of Total Motorbus Collisions 16 8

9 Collisions per 1, Miles - Six Most Populous States California Texas New York Illinois Pennsylvania Florida Total Rear-ending Collisions per 1, miles Total Rear-ended Collisions per 1, miles Total Collisions per 1, miles 17 Review of Collision Files Reviewed a total of 55 files of rear-ended collisions at LYNX (CFRTA) from January 211 through December 212. Reviewed a total of 51 rear-ended collision files at County Transit (BCT) from October 211 to September

10 Factors Coded from Collision Files Route Direction, direction the bus was traveling when the collision occurred; Roadway surface conditions, expressed as dry or wet; Lighting conditions, expressed as light, dark (lighting and no-lighting), dawn and dusk; Weather conditions, expressed as clear, cloudy or raining; Time factors, including day of week and time of day; Roadway factors, which include prevalent rear-ended collision corridors, roadway classifications, ownership, lanes, divided/undivided, jurisdiction, and posted speed limits; Transit factors, including stop location (near side, far side and mid-block), bus movement at rear-ended collision location, passenger injuries, and estimated damage; and Other vehicle factors, reported for only and including estimated speed of vehicle rear-ending the bus, distraction, obstructed vision, suspicion of drug and/or alcohol use, and whether the driver of the vehicle was transported for medical treatment. 19 Principal Collision Facilities with >1 Rear-ended Collision SR 441 Boulevard University Drive Sunrise Boulevard Davie Road Coconut Creek Parkway 2 1

11 Principal Collision Facilities with >1 Rear-ended Collisions LYNX 21 Principal Collision Facilities with >1 Rear-ended Collisions: Percentages 4.% 3.% 32.4% 2.% 1.% 11.8% 8.8% 8.8% 8.8% 5.9% 5.9% 5.9% 5.9% 5.9%.% Lynx 22 11

12 Roadway Jurisdiction at Rear-ended Collision Location County Local State LYNX 23 Roadway Jurisdiction at Rear-ended Collision Location: Percentages 7.9% 8.% 7.% 6.% 5.% 4.% 3.% 2.% 1.%.% 75.5% 23.6% 5.5% 14.3% 1.2% County Local State Lynx 24 12

13 Number of Lanes and Divided/Undivided Roadways at Rear-ended Collision Location Undivided 4 Divided 4 Undivided 6 Divided 8 Divided LYNX 25 Number of Lanes and Divided/Undivided Roadways at Rear-ended Collision Location: Percentages 7.% 6.% 5.% 62.% 43.6% 4.% 3.% 2.% 1.%.% 25.5% 24.% 18.2% 12.7% 8.% 2.% 4.% 2 Undivided 4 Divided 4 Undivided 6 Divided 8 Divided Lynx 26 13

14 Vehicle Lanes and Jurisdiction LYNX 27 Vehicle Lanes and Jurisdiction: Percentages 6.% 5.% 54.9% 4.% 4.% 3.% 2.% 1.%.% 9.1% 7.3% 7.3% 9.8% 3.6% 5.5% 5.9% 2.% 2.% 3.9% 14.5% 13.7% 1.9% 2.% 5.9% Lynx 28 14

15 Rear-end Collision Location: US 441 and Copans Road 29 Stop Type LYNX 3 15

16 Stop Type: Percentages 4.% 3.% 2.% 29.4% 34.5% 35.3% 27.3% 27.3% 27.5% 1.%.% 5.9%.%.% 3.6% 3.6% 2.% 1.8% 1.8%.%.% Lynx 31 Bus Movement Status at Rear-ended Collision Location Departing stop N/A Moving Slowing down Stopped 51 LYNX 32 16

17 Posted Speed Limit at Rear-ended Collision Location N/A 33 Posted Speed Limit at Rear-ended Collision Location: Percentages 4.% 35.3% 35.3% 3.% 2.% 1.%.% 19.6% 5.9% 2.% 2.% N/A 34 17

18 Consultation with Transit Agencies 35 Technology Improvements Reflective Striping - PSTA, LeeTran, HART, RTS LED lights HART, SCAT in Brevard, LeeTran Flashing Stop signs (Red) HART, PSTA, LeeTran Yield to Bus Illuminated - LeeTran Yield to Bus Non-illuminated Pasco County Public Transit Cameras/Video SCAT in Brevard, RTS, HART, PSTA, VOTRAN, LeeTran, Pasco County Public Transit Audio (Bus interior) - VOTRAN 4 red bars to indicate bus is stopping SCAT in Brevard 2 nd Yield to Bus Sign - LeeTran Fluorescent lights Pasco County Public Transit Red strobe and amber strobe lights SCAT in Brevard 36 18

19 Rear Exterior Treatments LeeTran Bus 37 PalmTran - Agency with Comparatively High Total Collisions per 1, Miles N/A N/A N/A N/A PalmTran Florida Region 4 Six Most Populous States National Aggregate (U.S. + Territories) 38 19

20 Total Collisions per 1, Miles Comparison of Aggregate Five-year Agency Data to Florida Aggregate Data, PCPT/Pasco County HART/Hillsborough County PalmTran/Palm Beach County PSTA/Pinellas County BCT/ County LYNX/Central Florida Florida Aggregate LeeTran/Lee County VOTRAN/Volusia County JTA/Jacksonville Spacecoast/Brevard County RTS/Gainesville ECAT/Escambia County FL Transit Agencies Florida Aggregate 39 HART - Agency with Comparatively High Rear-ended Collisions per 1, Miles N/A N/A N/A N/A HART Florida Region 4 Six Most Populous States National Aggregate (U.S. + Territories) 4 2

21 Rear-ended Collision per 1, Miles Comparison of Aggregate Five-year Agency Data to Florida Aggregate Data, PCPT/Pasco County HART/Hillsborough County LYNX/Central Florida PalmTran/Palm Beach County PSTA/Pinellas County LeeTran/Lee County BCT/ County Spacecoast/Brevard County Florida Aggregate ECAT/Escambia County JTA/Jacksonville VOTRAN/Volusia County RTS/Gainesville FL Transit Agencies Florida Aggregate 41 LYNX - Agency Comparatively High Percentage of Rear-ended Collisions to Total Collisions 55% 59% 6% 5% 4% 43% 42% 43% 35% 34% 35% 34% 31% 26% 39% 38% 33% 32% 3% 2% 1% % 23% 22% 2% 21% 17% 18% N/A N/A N/A N/A LYNX Florida Region 4 Six Most Populous States National Aggregate (U.S. + Territories) 42 21

22 Rear-ended Collisions as a Percentage of Total Collisions Comparison of Aggregate Five-year Agency Data to Florida Aggregate Data, Spacecoast/Brevard County LeeTran/Lee County PCPT/Pasco County ECAT/Escambia County LYNX/Central Florida HART/Hillsborough County PalmTran/Palm Beach County PSTA/Pinellas County Florida Aggregate BCT/ County JTA/Jacksonville RTS/Gainesville VOTRAN/Volusia County 22% 29% 4% 39% 38% 38% 34% 31% 54% 5% 5% 49% 75% % 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% FL Transit Agencies Florida Aggregate 43 Average One (1) Total Collision Every "X" Days over Five-year Timeframe LYNX HART Pinellas Suncoast Transit PalmTran Jacksonville LeeTran Pasco County Public Transit VOTRAN RTS/Gainesville Spacecoast/Brevard Escambia Transit System 44 22

23 Average One (1) Rear-ended Collision x Days over Five-year Timeframe LYNX HART Pinellas Suncoast Transit PalmTran JTA/Jacksonville Pasco County Public Transit LeeTran Spacecoast/Brevard VOTRAN RTS/Gainesville Escambia/Pensacola Transit System 45 Mitigation Strategies Post-collision investigation Move/Improve/Remove bus stops Post-collision training for individual operators Annual in-service training Training for operators to maximize technology enhancements Every transit system has policies, procedures and training but not all agree on effectiveness 46 23

24 The It Questions What is the factor or what are the factors that contribute to rear-ended bus collisions? Is it the amount of service on a facility? Is it conditions at the bus stop? Is it the design of the road network? Is it traffic operations? 47 Future Research Factors that are within the control of the transit agency. All collisions and reportable incidents Rear-ended collisions may be most prevalent, but may not be the most expensive Best practices in post-collision investigation Best practices in risk management 48 24

25 Contact Information William Morris Christopher DeAnnuntis Download final report: