USER S MANUAL. SAPPER Automatic DCP. Meets ASTM D6951. Kessler Soils Engineering Products, Inc. All rights reserved by AUG 2015

Transcription

1 R Meets ASTM D69 automated dynamic cone penetrometers SAPPER Automatic DCP AUG 20 USER S MANUAL All rights reserved by Kessler Soils Engineering Products, Inc. 777 Running Colt Place, Leesburg, VA 207 (703) / (800)

2 All Rights Reserved, Printed in the USA

3 INDEX Manual for the SAPPER AUTOMATED DYNAMIC CONE PENETROMETER PART I: Introduction... PART II: Testing Set-Up... PART III: Testing & Collecting Data... 7 PART IV: Correlations... PART V: Maintenance PART VI: Spare Parts List... 2 PART VII: Reference PART VIII: Warranty All Rights Reserved, Printed in the USA

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5 PART I. Introduction The SAPPER ADCP is a beneficial tool for engineers, construction personnel, scientists, and anyone else interested in measuring in situ soil strength and weakly cemented materials. The SAPPER ADCP automates the process and data collection of Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) survey work. A DCP requires that the weight be dropped manually and the distance the DCP cone penetrates the ground is measured and recorded manually. The SAPPER ADCP automates this process. The weight is automatically raised and dropped, the data is automatically collected by using sophisticated microelectronics to record the penetration per DCP blow. From this data the CBR and bearing strength are calculated and displayed during the testing operation through proven correlations. With a SAPPER ADCP, it is no longer necessary to take measurements by hand, which reduces the probability of human error in the measurements taken. Once a test is completed the data and results can be saved as a text formatted file ready for transfer from the user s laptop. In addition to the automatic data collection, the DCP drop weight is fully enclosed eliminating common pinch points found on a manual DCP. The SAPPER CONTROL software runs on laptop or tablet and supports a touch screen environment. The software is very simple and easy to use allowing the user to control the device and collect data. It has three status windows the user can select to monitor during the test. They are:. Data window that shows the data and correlation results during the testing operation 2. Plot window shows a real time plot of the CBR versus depth which allows the user to visually see different strength layers as the penetration increases with each drop weight blow 3. System window that is used for diagnostics and establishing the communication link to the laptop or tablet. Introduction

6 2 Major Features of the SAPPER ADCP DCP Trolley The DCP trolley contains a DCP with an 8-kilogram (7.6 pounds) hammer and a mechanism that lifts the hammer. Derrick Beam Guides and holds DCP trolley. Extracts DCP driver rod from the ground. Test Set-Up Control Panel The control panel moves the Derrick & Trolley from the storage position into the testing position. Laptop Software The laptop software initiates, controls and collects data from the tes.t (Not shown) Hammer The hammer weight is 7.6 lbs (8 kg) in accordance with ASTM D69. (Not shown) Drive Rod and Pin The drive rod is compatible with the K00 DCP quick connect system. The drive rod can be driven into the ground up to 48 (2.9 cm) or (39.7 cm) depending on models. (Not shown) Hardened Point Also compatible with the K00 DCP system. (Not shown) Foot Part of the derrick that guides the drive rod. Introduction

7 PART II. Testing Set-Up Testing Set-up for the SAPPER ADCP begins by moving the device from the transport to the testing position. This is accomplished by using the Testing Set-Up Control Panel located on the end of the tool box at the rear of the truck. The Testing Set-Up Control Panel has buttons that:. Derrick Up & Derrick Down raises & lowers the Derrick Beam & DCP Trolley on the mounting frame 2. Derrick In & Derrick Out moves the Derrick Beam & DCP Trolley mounting frame in and out from the truck frame 3. DCP Left & DCP Right moves the Derrick Beam & DCP Trolley 4. DCP Up & DCP Down manually moves the DCP Trolley up and down the Derrick Beam to allow the user to load a drive rod prior to starting the test. Emergency Stop allows the user to stop the test or movement of the device 6. Power On & Off switch turns off power to the mounting frame and DCP Trolley Testing Set-Up 3

8 4 The following are the steps to be taken in order to prepare the SAPPER ADCP for testing.. Move Core Drilling Derrick out of the way of the bore hole. 2. Land the Core Drilling Derrick Foot on the ground to stabilize the truck bed for the SAPPER ADCP. 3. Turn the Power Switch to the On position. 4. Extend the SAPPER ADCP Derrick Beam with the DCP Trolley with the buttons on the Testing Set-Up Control Panel out away from the bed of the truck. Testing Set-Up

9 . Raise the SAPPER ADCP Derrick Beam & DCP Trolley with the buttons on the Testing Set-Up Control Panel into a vertical position. Note: The Derrick Beam foot does not touch the ground. 6. Move the SAPPER ADCP Derrick Beam & DCP Trolley with the buttons on the Testing Set-Up Control Panel to position the DCP Trolley over the bore hole. 7. Move the DCP Trolley up the Derrick Beam with the buttons on the Testing Set-Up Control Panel to allow insertion of a drive rod into the anvil hanging down from the DCP Trolley. Note : Make sure that the hardened point or adapter with disposable cone is already installed on the drive rod prior to insertion. Note 2: These buttons perform the same functions as the soft buttons in the SAPPER CONTROL software on the user s laptop or tablet Testing Set-Up

10 8. Insert quick disconnect pin throug the anvil and drive rod holdes. Install keeper clip in the end of the pin to prevent the pin falling out during the test. The SAPPER ADCP is now ready to perform a test. SAFETY -- IMPORTANT! In case of an emergency push the Emergency Stop Button on the Testing Set- Up Control Panel. This will stop all automatic movement with the SAPPER ADCP system. To release the Emergency Stop twist and pull out the button. 6 Testing Set-Up

11 PART III. Testing & Collecting Data 3. - SOFTWARE INSTALLATION ON LAPTOP/TABLET: In preparation for performing tests and collecting data, the user will need to install the SAPPER CONTROL software on their laptop or tablet from the USB flash drive provided with the SAPPER ADCP system. The software supports touch screens for the testing operations. To start installation insert the USB flash drive into a USB port on the user s laptop or tablet and follow the installation instructions including accepting the End User Licensing Agreement. The software will automatically download on to the user s device. A full restart computer boot is required to complete the installation. NOTE: Extended time is required for the computer to re-start do not be alarmed if several minutes pass without the computer restarting. Once the computer desktop screen is visible, the user should go to programs and find the SAPPER CONTROL folder. See picture below that shows the location of the folder on the computer hard drive: You can create a short cut and paste it on the desktop of the computer to allow quick access to the program ESTABLISHING COMMUNICATION LINK: Prior to clicking on the shortcut to start the SAPPER CONTROL software. The user must plug the SAPPER ADCP control cable into one of the USB ports on the laptop or tablet. Note: The SAPPER ADCP control cable must have the CAN Bus to USB connector adapter on the end of it in order to communicate to the device 7 Testing & Collecting Data

12 8 Once the SAPPER ADCP control cable is attached to the laptop/tablet, then the user may click on the Desktop shortcut to initiate the software. The screen below should appear: This is the main screen that controls the test by using the buttons on the left side and the display window with 3 tabs labeled DATA, PLOT, and SYSTEM. Before starting a test, the user will need to switch to the SYSTEM tab to establish the communication link between the laptop/tablet and the SAPPER ADCP. The SYSTEM screen looks like this: Testing & Collecting Data

13 Once on the System, pull down the selection shade under Port to select the laptop/tablet USB port that the SAPPER ADCP control cable is connected to. Once the correct Port is selected, communication will be established between the laptop/tablet and the device. This link is confirmed when a status appears in the following window: A SAPPER Status Message will appear STARTING A TEST: Once the communication link is established the user will need to return to the DATA Tab window to complete Test information prior to starting the test. The picture below shows this window: On this screen, the user is able to input project information, perform testing, and save the results from the test. Testing & Collecting Data 9

14 Prior to starting the test, the user should input the following information:. Project Name of the project or runway or taxiway number 2. Location This can be station numbering or latitude/longitude 3. Operator Name of person performing the test. 4. Comments Input any additional details such as size and depth of bore hole. Soil classification or weather conditions. Note: Input can be done at any time prior to saving the data/results file. As an example: If a utility is encountered during the test, this information can be added to the Comments section. The user must select a SOIL TYPE prior to the start of the test. There are three soil types available OTHER, (CL) Clay, and (CH) Clay. Selection of the soil type activates the corresponding correlation formula converting penetration depth and blow count into California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values. For more information please see section IV of this manual titled Correlations. At the bottom of this screen is the control switch for the Warning Light and a SAPPER STATUS MSG box that indicates the test activity occurring. The Warning Light has three options: 0 Testing & Collecting Data

15 . On which causes the Warning Light to run continuously. 2. OFF which causes the Warning Light to not operate during all operations. 3. Auto which causes the Warning Light to come on only when the device is moving. Test preparation is completed and the user is now ready to begin the test. The automated test is controlled by the buttons on the left hand side of the screen. The SAPPER CONTROL buttons on the left of the screen perform the following functions:. Up Button initiates the DCP Trolley traveling up to the top of the Derrick Beam to allow installation of the drive rod and hardened point/adapter with disposable cone 2. Down Button - initiates the DCP Trolley traveling down to the bottom of the Derrick Beam for transporting to the next test or until the drive rod rests on the soil. 3. Stop Button Stops the movement of the DCP Trolley that was initiated by the Up or Down buttons. 4. START DCP TEST Initiates the test sequence and begins collecting data. This button changes to STOP DCP TEST after the test begins. If STOP DCP TEST is selected then the button changes to RESUME DCP TEST. See the three pictures on the left showing the different statuses for this button.. Depth (mm) Displays the test depth in millimeters as each drop weight blow is count 6. Blow Count Displays the number of blows made by the drop weight. Testing & Collecting Data

16 To start a test the user clicks or touches the START DCP TEST button on the screen. This initiates the automatic operation that will lift and release the drop weight that impacts the anvil to push the drive rod and point into the soil. Blows and depth are measured with each drop. From this data then CBR and Bearing strength are calculated and displayed on the data table. See the example. Note: The first blow is always 0 Blow # and 0 Depth. This is not a problem since it is on the surface of the soil and can be considered a seating blow or starting point. During the test the user may switch to the PLOT window and watch the plotting of the CBR value to cumulative penetration depth. See example. 2 Testing & Collecting Data

17 3.4 - ENDING A TEST: To end a test, the user clicks or touches the button with STOP DCP shown on it. At this point the automated testing operation will stop. The user on the DATA window will do the following steps to save the results:. The user will need to input a file destination folder using this input box and the browser button on the right. 2. Then click or touch the END TEST & SAVE button Testing & Collecting Data 3

18 After saving the results file the user is ready to start the next test. At the end of the testing, the user should remove the drive rod from the anvil and lower the DCP Trolley to the bottom of the Derrick Beam in preparation for storing the device in the transport position. 4 Testing & Collecting Data

19 PART IV. Correlations. The CBR may be estimated using the DCP index (column 6 on the DCP Data Sheet) and Table for each set of readings. First, the DCP index is computed for the respective penetration between readings. The penetration per blow is then used to estimate in situ CBR or shear strength using the appropriate correlation for the reference. For example, the correlation of penetration per blow (DCP) in Table is derived from the equation CBR = 292 / PR.2 recommended by the US Army Corps of Engineers. This equation is used for all soils except for CL soils below CBR 0% and CH soils. For these soils, the following equations are recommended by the US Army Corps of Engineers, where PR is the DCP penetration rate in mm per blow: 3 CL soils CBR < 0: CBR = / (0.0709*PR) 2 CH soils: CBR = / ( *PR) Selection of the appropriate correlation is a matter of professional judgment..2 The Modulus of Rigidity M R may be estimated using between 300 to 00 CBR..3 If a distinct layering exists within the material tested, a change of slope on a graph of penetration/blow vs. depth will be observed for each layer. The exact interface is difficult to define because, in general, a transition zone exists between layers. The layer thickness can be defined by the intersection of the lines representing the average slope of adjacent layers. Once the layer thicknesses have been defined, the average penetration rate per layer is calculated..4 The EXCEL template on the enclosed CD will graph the results of the test. (See instruction sheet included on CD). It will also plot a correlation of CBR to PSF (lbs/sq. ft). Instruction for Data Recording Sheet: () Number of hammer blows between test readings (2) Cumulative penetration after each set of hammer blows (3) Difference in cumulative penetration (2) between readings (4) (3) divided by () () Enter for 7.6lb (8kg) hammer; 2 for 0. lb (4.6kg) hammer (6) (4) x () (7) From CBR verses DCP Index correlation (8) % Moisture content when available Correlations

20 DCP DATA SHEET Project: Forest Service Road Location: STA 30+0, M RT of C/L Depth of zero point below: 0 Material Classification: GW/CL Pavement conditions: Not applicable Date: 7 July 200 Personnel: JLS & PAK Hammer Weight: 7.6lb (8kg) Weather: Overcast, 2 C, (72 F) Water Table Depth: Unknown () Number of Blows (2) Cumulative Penetration (mm) (3) (4) () Penetration Between Reading (mm) Penetration per Blow (mm) Hammer Blow Factor (6) DCP Index mm/blow (7) CBR % (8) Moisture % Correlations Figure 8 DCP Data Sheet 2 2 Webster, S.L., Grau, R.H. Williams, T.P., (May 992), Description and Application of Dual mass Dynamic Cone Penetrometer, Report GL-92-3, Department of the Army, Washington D.C., Pg. 9

21 Table Tabulated Correlation of CBR versus DCP Index 3 DCP Index mm/blow CBR % DCP Index mm/blow CBR % DCP Index mm/blow CBR % < >324 >0. 3 Webster, S.L., Brown, R.W., Porter, J.R. (April 994), Force Projection Site Evaluation Using the Electric Core Protection (ECP) and the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP), Technical Report No. GL-94-7, Air Force Civil Engineering Support Agency, U.S. Air Force, Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida 7 Correlations

22 . Tables 2, 3, and 4 are derived from the following equation recommended by the US Army Corps of Engineers, where PR is the DCP penetration rate in mm per blow: CBR = 292 / PR.2 This equation is used for all soils except for CL soils below CBR 0% and CH soils. For these soils, the following equations are recommended by the US Army Corps of Engineers 3. Selection of the appropriate correlation is a matter of professional judgment. CL soils CBR < 0: CBR = / (0.0709*PR) 2 CH soils: CBR = / ( *PR) For analysis of shallow foundations an estimate of bearing capacity can be made from the following equation adapted from the Portland Cement Association (PCA) 2 showing the relationship between bearing capacity and CBR. q= 3.794*CBR q = Bearing Capacity (psi) ultimate.6 If a distinct layering exists within the material tested, a change of slope on a graph of penetration/blow vs. depth will be observed for each layer. The exact interface is difficult to define because, in general, a transition zone exists between layers. The layer thickness can be defined by the intersection of the lines representing the average slope of adjacent layers. Once the layer thicknesses have been defined, the average penetration rate per layer is calculated. 8 CORRELATIONS

23 Table -2 - Tabulated Correlaltion of blows per 2 penetration verses CBR and PSF Hammer 7.6 lbs (8 kg) Blows/2 CBR PSF Soil type Soil type Other CL CH Other CL CH

24 Table -3 - Tabulated Correlation of blows per 4 penetration verses CBR and PSF Hammer 7.6 lbs (8 kg) Blows/4 Other CBR PSF Soil type Soil type CL CH Other CL CH

25 Table -4 - Tabulated Correlation of blows per 6 penetration verses CBR and PSF Hammer 7.6 lbs (8kg) Blows/6 CBR PSF Soil type Soil type Other CL CH Other CL CH

26 PART V Preventive Maintenance & Inspection

27 Testing with the KESSLER DCP causes wear on the metal parts that make up the device. In order to ensure maximum service life, periodic inspections of the KESSLER DCP for fatigue or damage is recommended. Any parts found to be fatigued or damaged should be repaired by the manufacturer, or replaced with Kessler DCP parts.. Prior to Every Test:.. The ADCP should be kept clean.2. All soil removed from the Drive Rod and Hardened Point or Adapter before each test..3. Inspect drive & extension rods and studs for cracks or broken studs 2. Daily Activities: 2.. Clean Derrick Guide Rollers on the Trolley and Derrick to remove accumulation of dirt or dust 2.2. Raise & Lower Derrick & Trolley from transport to operating positions checking for smooth operation 2.3. Inspect Drop Weight Locking mechanism is operable by pulling and pushing pin 2.4. Connect Power Cables and operate Trolley to top of Derrick after raising derrick into operating position 2.. Inspect Cable Connectors for Control & Power Cables, hand tighten if loose 2.6. Inspect Anvil for free motion by manually lifting anvil up and letting it drop 2.7. Test Strobe Light for proper operation 2.8. Inspect Hardened Points (if being used) 2.9. Lubricate drive & extension rods 2.0. Clean & Lubricate extension drive rod threaded ends both male & female 3. Weekly Activities: 3.. Visually Inspect Positioning Frame Mechanism and Derrick looking for damage to actuators or frame 3.2. Check frame bolting, tighten if required Check bolts on Trolley & derrick tighten if required Remove any accumulation of Dirt in Derrick Sprocket Holes Correlations 23

28 3.. Remove Trolley Cover (Disconnect Power Cable prior to removing) 3... Inspect Belts, Lifters, Chain, Sprockets, Guide Rod, Anvil & Bushing, and Drop Weight for wear Check free movement of Drop Weight on Guide Rod - slide the drop weight up and down the rod by hand Apply Lithium Grease to lifters on Chain 4. Monthly Activities: 4.. Remove Trolley Cover (Disconnect Power Cable prior to removing) 4... Spray DuPont Non-Stick DF Lubricant (Teflon) on Guide Rod Apply DuPont Non-Stick DF Lubricant (Teflon) to Chain. Quarterly Activities:.. Remove Trolley Cover (Disconnect Power Cable prior to removing)... Replace Lifters on Chain..2. Inspect Drop Weight Stops at bottom of Guide Rod, replace if visibly worn..3. Inspect Drop Weight Stop and Shock Absorber at top of Guide Rod, replace if visibly worn 6. Yearly Activities: 6.. Inspect Welds on Mounting Frame 6.2. Remove Trolley Cover (Disconnect Power Cable prior to removing) Replace Guide Rod & Drop Weight if wear marks are evident Replace Belts Replace Chain Inspect Chain Wear Guides, replace if material is worn down more than 2mm Inspect Chain Tensioner & Spring 24 Correlations

29 PART VI: Recommended Spare Parts List ITEM # PART # DESCRIPTION QUANTITY (Recommended) 427.M.700 Spare Parts Kit for Yearly PMI Includes items. to.:. 427.M.70 Chain 2 each M.720 Gates PowerGrip GT Belt 60 Tooth, mm wide 427.M M.730 Gates PowerGrip GT Belt 4 Tooth, mm wide Guide Rod each each each. 427.M.73 Drop Weight each M.7 Drop Weight Lifters (2 per chain) 4 each M.72 Chain Wear Guides set M.740 Derrick Guide Rollers (Right & Left rollers per set) 2 sets 427.M.732 Upper DCP Stop Assembly with Shock Absorber each M.733 Lower DCP Drop Weight Bumpers (3 per trolley) 3 each M.70 Anvil Guard Assembly each 8 DNS640 DuPont Teflon Non-Stick Dry-Film Lubricant 2 cans 9 DW0640 DuPont Teflon White Lithium Aerosol Grease can 0 K900 Disposable Cones Box of 2 N/A K90 Disposable Cones Bag of 00 N/A 2 K800 Adapters N/A 3 4 K736S K730S 36 extra strong extension rod with replaceable studs 30 extra strong extension rod with replaceable studs N/A N/A 2 Parts List

30 ITEM # PART # DESCRIPTION QUANTITY (Recommended) K724S 24 extra strong extension drive N/A rod with replaceable studs 6 7 K704S 4 extra strong starter drive rod (Stubby) N/A K706S 6 extra strong starter drive rod N/A 8 K3377S 37.7 extra strong drive rod N/A 9 K248S 48 extra strong drive rod N/A 20 K360S 60 extra strong drive rod N/A 2 K72S 2 extra strong starter drive rod N/A 22 K700 Hardened Points N/A 23 K724S. Replaceable studs N/A 26 Parts List

31 PART VII: References () Scala, A.J., (96), Simple Methods of Flexible Pavement Design Using Cone Penetrometers, Proceedings of the Second Australian Soil Mechanics Conference, Christ Church, New Zealand. New Zealand Engineer. (2) pages (2) Kleyn, E.G., (July.97), The Use of the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP), Report 2/74, Transvaal Roads Department, Pretoria, South Africa. Page 3. (3) METHOD ST6: Measurement of the In Situ Strength of soils by the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) (984) Special Methods for Testing Roads, Draft TMH6, Technical Methods for Highways (TMH), ISBN , Pages 9 to 24, 984. (4) Portland Concrete Association, Design of Concrete Airport Pavement, Portland Cement Association, 9. () De Beer, M., (99), Use of the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) in the Design of Road Structures, Research Report DPVT-8, Roads and Transport Technology, CSIR, South Africa. (6) Webster, S.L., Grau, R.H. Williams, T.P., (May 992), Description and Application of Dual Mass Dynamic Cone Penetrometer, Report GL-92-3, Department of the Army, Washington DC, Pg 9. (7) Webster, S.L., Brown, R.W., Porter, J.R. (April 994), Force Projection Site Evaluation Using the Electric Core Protection (ECP) and the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP), Technical Report No. GL-94-7, Air Force Civil Engineering Support Agency, U.S. Air Force, Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida. (8) Siekmeier, J.A., Young, D., and Beberg, D., (999), Comparison of the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer with Other Tests During Subgrade and Granular Base Characterization in Minnesota, Nondestructive Testing of Pavements and Backcalculation of Moduli: Third Volume, ASTM STP 37, S.D. Tayabji and E.O. Lukanen, Eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohochen, Pennsylvania. (9) Livneh, M,. (999), The Israeli Experience with the Regular and Extended Dynamic Cone Penetrometer for Pavement and Subsoil Strength Evaluation, Nondistructive Testing of Pavements and Backcalculation of Moduli, ASTM STP 37, S.D. Tayabji and E.O. Lukanen, Eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohochen, Pennsylvania. (0) De Beer M. (March 2000) Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP). The Development of DCP pavement technology in South Africa. Video Tape Series from RSA/US Pavement Technology Workshop. Technology Transfer Office, University of California, Berkeley, California. () ASTM D Standard Test Method of Use of the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer in Shallow Pavement Applications. (2) PCA, Design of Concrete Airport Pavement, Portland Cement Association, References

32 PART VIII: Warranty. KESSLER SOILS ENGINEERING PRODUCTS, INC. guarantees this product to be manufactured in the U.S. A. to the specifications and standards developed by the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station and recorded under patent number,33,82 entitled Dual Mass Dynamic Cone Penetrometer. 2. KESSLER SOILS ENGINEERING PRODUCTS, INC. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and components for one () year from the date of first purchase, provided the product is used, operated and maintained in accordance with all applicable instructions. To claim under this warranty the Bill of Sale and cancelled check or credit card receipt must be presented. 3. This warranty does not apply to parts that are not in original condition because of normal wear and tear, or parts that fail or become damaged as a result of misuse, accidents, lack of proper maintenance or defects caused by improper use. Shipping costs relating to repairing a KESSLER SAPPER will be the responsibility of the purchaser. 4. To the full extent allowed by the law of the jurisdiction that governs the sale of the product, this express warranty excludes any and all other expressed warranties and limits the duration of any and all implied warranties, including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose to one () year from the date of first purchase. The liability of KESSLER SOILS ENGINEERING PRODUCTS, INC. is limited to the purchase price of the product and does not cover any other damages whatsoever including indirect, incidental or consequential damages.. Limitations herein do not apply in states that do not allow a limitation on how long an implied warranty lasts or an exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damage. 28 Warranty

33 Notes...

34 KSE form 300, 4 AUG 20 K00UM300