W.G. Winkler Overview of the German Maritime FC program

Transcription

1 Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Hamburg Hamburg University of Applied Sciences Institute for Energy Systems and Fuel Cell Technology W.G. Winkler Overview of the German Maritime FC program International Colloquium on Environmentally Preferred Advanced Power Generation February 8-10, 2011 The Westin South Coast Plaza Costa Mesa, California

2 Sustainable transport and FC All electric ship R&D programme overview Pilot projects e4ships Conclusion

3 Sustainable air/sea transport and FC Sustainable air/sea transport and FC All electric ship R&D programme overview Pilot projects e4ships Conclusion

4 A Reversible transportation principles Pendulum m m v² 2 Distance AB Irreversibility: Friction m g h B h Reversible structure Demand on external energy storage and supply of work ENGINE Demand on internal storage and conversion of energy Potential energy m g h electric storage ARCHITECTURE

5 Reversible System Components Externeal Power Supply Electric Storage Engine Range Fuel Extension Cell Flow battery Electric Motor- Generator Power Electronic All-Electric System

6 Typical mission parameters Velocity km/h Rel.mass kg/person Height m Cycles / mission Ship Airplane Land vehicle High number

7 Vehicle recovery potential energy/passenger MJ/person kinetic potential 4,5 4 3,5 3 2,5 2 1,5 1 0, km/h 10 m number of cycles land vehicle

8 All-Electric systems with FC Electric Storage Internal Recovery Storage Fuel Cell+ Fuel tank Dissipation Supply Storage Airplanes Ships Bio Bio fuels fuels+fc +FC Land Vehicles Electricity Friction determined Recovery determined Transportation system

9 Sustainable air/sea transport and FC All electric ship R&D programme overview Pilot projects E4ships Conclusion

10 Naval vision of a future Electric Warship Integrated Power System All Electric Ships Electric Warships Electric Drive Reduce of prime movers Fuel Savings Reduced Maintenance Civil use Reduced Manning Automation Electrify Auxiliaries Technology Insertion Warfighting Capabilities - Enhanced Stealth - Increased Payload Volume - Reduced logistic Dependency - Power Availibility& Reapportionment - Advance Weapons and Sensors Increasing Affordibility and Military Capability Source: Ch. Zimmerman, NAVSEA

11 Conventional and All Electric Ship propulsion systems Engines or gas turbines gears FC FC M Electric grid FC FC M Current technologies with engines or gas turbines Future technologies FCs and electric drives

12 Comparison PEFC and SOFC system ṁ WR m Gdry m WComb m WR (kerosene, diesel) ṁ Fuel Reformer heat recovery 1 SOFC ṁ Air 2 Shiftreactor PEFC ṁ Air ṁ WS m Gdry m WComb m WR m WS

13 Sustainable air/sea transport and FC All electric ship R&D programme overview Pilot projects E4ships Conclusion

14 German and EU projects: FC ships U 212/214 silent FellowSHIP FCSHIP FELICITAS METHAPU e4ships MC-WAP New H-SHIP ZEMSHIP

15 FCs onboard ships and vessels Project name Purpose Funded by Project status FC type Capacity in kw Fuel Propulsion surface ships Hydra leisure boat Prototype AFC 5 H 2 ZEMSHIP ferry EC Demonstration PEFC 100 H 2 FellowSHIP ( ) APU propulsion Propulsion underwater vehicles Class 212/214 HDW Siemens URASHIMA DeepC Hybrid Propulsion System submarine research AUV AUV Research UV propulsion system Norwegi- An PPP German navy Japan JAMSTEC German BMBF U.S. ONR Development of Prototypes MCFC SOFC LNG Commercial PEFC 250 H 2 (methanol) Prototype PEFC 4 H 2 Design study PEFC 3.8 H 2 Design study Component SOFC hybrid JP 5 logistic fuel Abbreviations: BMBF Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (Federal ministry of Education and Research), EC European Commission, JAMSTEC Japan Marine Science and Technology Centre, MARAD Maritime Administration, ONR Office of Naval Research, PPP Private Public Partnership,

16 FCs onboard ships and vessels Project name Purpose Funded by Onboard power generation Project status FELICITAS APU EC Basic system Development METHAPU APU EC Basic system Development Power barge General programs MC-WAP ( ) SSFC APU for hotel load in ports onboard MCFC system integration ship-service fuel cell U.S. MARAD EC WEAO U.S. ONR FC type (PEFC) SOFC Capacity in kw Fuel different SOFC methanol Demonstration PAFC 2x200 FC development programme FC developm. programme MCFC 500 diesel PEFC MCFC Abbreviations: EC European Commission, MARAD Maritime Administration, ONR Office of Naval Research, 625 diesel

17 FCs onboard ships and vessels Project name Purpose Funded by Feasibility & Design studies Vindicator FCSHIP New-H-ship ( ) CG cutter propulsion FC use on merchant ships Project status FC type Capacity in kw Fuel USCG Design study MCFC 625 diesel EC EC Feasibility study Feasibility study different n.a. different Abbreviations: EC European Commission, USCG U.S. Coast Guard, WEAO ( Western European Armaments Organisation) H 2

18 Sustainable air/sea transport and FC All electric ship R&D programme overview Pilot projects E4ships Conclusion

19 ZEM ship in Hamburg Propulsion surface ships Passengers: ca. 100 Power output of PEFC system (max.): 100 kw Pressure hydrogen storage: 350 bar Source: F. Vogler

20 FellowSHIP project Propulsion surface ships Demonstration APU of 320 kw, its MCFC (MTU) and 20 kw SOFC system (Wärtsilä) Fuel: LNG. Total : M. Source: K. Sandaker

21 FellowSHIP project Propulsion surface ships Propulsion: A new hybrid fuel cell/steam turbine system has been developed, the fuel-to-shaft efficiency can be increased by 50%, the emissions of NOx. SOx and particles are extreme low and negligible, CO2 emissions can be reduced up to 45%. Source: K. Sandaker

22 Principal FC power system of the German submarine class 212/214 Propulsion underwater vehicles Source: R. Teppner

23 System integration of the FC system into German submarine class 212/214 Propulsion underwater vehicles Source: A. E. Hammerschmidt. S. Krummrich

24 General view of DeepC and its power system and project Propulsion underwater vehicles Rated power total: Rated voltage (stack): Rated current (stack): Operating voltage (cell): Operating temperature: 3,6 kw (2 x 1,8 kw) 35 V 50 A 700 mv/ at 500 ma/cm² < 45 C. Source: L. Jörissen

25 Case Ship 1 FCship: onboard power generation Feasibility & Design studies Source: G. Filip, G. Würsig

26 Source: D. Schmal Case Ship 2 FCship: harbour ferry Feasibility & Design studies

27 Sustainable air/sea transport and FC All electric ship R&D programme overview Pilot projects E4ships Conclusion

28 The e4ships consortium Program started July 1 th th 2009 Source: K. Klinder

29 The e4ships program targets Efficient use of energy Utilization of clean fuels Development of innovative energy technology Source: K. Klinder

30 The e4ships structure WP WP Safety Safety Demonstration PaXell PaXell Cruising Cruising Ship Ship R&D, R&D, marine marine version version Trigen. Trigen. with with MCFC MCFC Distributed Distributed Generat. Generat. Demonstration Demonstration Synergy Synergy module module Toplaterne WP WP Management SchIBZ SchIBZ Yacht, Yacht, Navy Navy R&D, R&D, marine marine version version CHP CHP with with MCFC MCFC XTL XTL Diesel Diesel Demonstration Demonstration WP WP Technology Technology HyFerry HyFerry Ferry Ferry kw kw PEFC PEFC + + H2 H2 Propuls. Propuls. APU APU Hybrid Hybrid H2 H2 Filling Filling Station Station Demonstration Demonstration Source: K. Klinder

31 The e4ships cost and funding Toplaterne Toplaterne SchIBZ SchIBZ PaXell PaXell HyFerry HyFerry Total Total budget budget 2,1M 2,1M 10,5M 10,5M 13,8M 13,8M 24,9M 24,9M 51,3M 51,3M 48% 48% Funding Funding 24,6M 24,6M

32 The PaXell Project Targets Efficiency Clean Clean fuels fuels (LPG, (LPG, LNG) LNG) Project steps 1st 1st Step Step 2nd 2nd Step Step 3rd 3rd Step Step 4th 4th Step Step Performance Test Test of of MCFC MCFC Energy Energy Concept Concept > 1MW 1MW Hotel Hotel Load Load > All All Power Power Generation Generation Source: B. Meyer

33 The PaXell Project Step 1 Step 2 Step 3&4 BZ=FC.. Fuel Cell Source: B. Meyer

34 The SchIBZ Project Expectations Comfort -- No No Noise Noise and and Vibrations Vibrations -- No No Dirt Dirt and and Smelling Smelling -- Reduced Reduced Emmissions Emmissions -- Reliability Reliability -- Simplicity Simplicity Economy -- No No Restrictions Restrictions on on Use Use -- No No extra extra Fees Fees -- Reduced Reduced Operation Operation Cost Cost -- Low Low Infrastructure Investment Investment Source: Ch. Eckel

35 The SchIBZ Project Air Cleaner Li-Ion Battery Pre- Reformer Hot Module Inverter Specialities: diesel XTL, hybridization Source: Ch. Eckel

36 The HyFerry Project Specification of planned Ferry Project Standard Connection: Neuharlingersiel to Island Spiekeroog Capacity: ca. 100 Persons + Cargo (byciles) Speed: ca. 10 kn with FC Crew: 2 High maintainability Combination H2 Fuel Cell with LNG or Biodiesel engine Development renewable Hydrogen Infrastructure Source: B. Behrends

37 The HyFerry Project E-Drive Generator Diesel 5 x PM Basic A50 Maritime Li-Ions Batteries Source: B. Behrends

38 The MCFC Fuel Cell Reference Project for MTU FellowSHIP But MTU closed MCFC business by 2010 Source: M. Bode

39 Sustainable air/sea transport and FC All electric ship R&D programme overview Pilot projects E4ships Conclusion

40 Conclusions Electric transport system approaches reversible transport SOFC hybrids a key technology for such systems Batteries complementary technology Ship limited reversible system approach Onboard power generation at highest possible efficiency H2 operation e.g. onboard submarines and AUV, Ferries Thermal integrated reforming or the direct anodes New FC deliverer for two projects needed SOFC hybrids operated with diesel, kerosene or LNG

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