RES Grid Integration Offshore Wind

Transcription

1 GREEN FINANCING SEMINAR, RES Grid Integration Offshore Wind 再生能源併網議題 Urania Chang 張榆青, Market Manager, Power Grid Division, ABB

2 Offshore Wind November 9, 2017 Slide 2

3 Offshore Wind - Grid Connections The figure below shows a schematic cross-section of the connection of an offshore wind farm to the onshore electricity grid. Wind turbines are connected through medium voltage or high voltage interarray cables to an offshore substation, from which electricity is transported to shore. November 9, 2017 Slide 3

4 Offshore Wind - Power Connections Wind farms Offshore AC substation kv Collection grid kv Subsea cable Onshore AC substation with reactive compensation Main AC network MW: kv Traditional AC-substations located offshore MW: kv Key issue is to fulfill grid code compliance

5 Offshore Wind - Offerings Value added On-Shore scope Electrical BOP (ebop) BOP ebop+ Civil Works BOP + WTG erection BOP+WTG transportation & erection Wind Farm EPC WTGs supply & erection Balance of Plant (electrical and Civil works) Consulting / Engineering packages Turnkey AC-On shore Wind S/S AIS, GIS, PASS Substations S/S+CSS+ MV cables Turbines Padmounts / CSS Substation S/S Automation S/S Engineering HV,MV equipment, Power transformers MV Cables November 9, 2017 Slide 5 WF Substation WF Balance of Plant Wind farm Complexity

6 Offshore Wind Project Milestone (example) November 9, 2017 Slide 6 *Slide from DNV-GL

7 ABB in Renewables A complete portfolio: products, systems, service and software solutions Consulting Generation Collection & Connection Distribution Transmission Control & Automation Operation Service Trading Plant design Grid code compliance Grid impact studies Strategic investment plans Market Analysis Price forecasting Generators Wind converters Solar inverter Transformers LV and MV switchgears LV products and panels Yaw motors and PLCs Switchgear Transformers Substations Power quality solutions Substation automation Transmission substations Power quality solutions HVDC Offshore grid connection solutions Protection and control for wind and solar plants Substation automation Comms. Fleet monitoring and operations Energy mgmt Virtual power plants Service agreements Installation and commissioning Training Spare parts and consumable Repairs Replacement O&M software Forecasting Portfolio optimization Market communicati ons Trading and settlement November 9, 2017 Slide 7 PLC: Programmable logic controller O&M: Operations and maintainance

8 ABB Products and Systems to Connect Wind to the Grid Consultancy services and software AC Substations: onshore and offshore HVDC light to connect large offshore wind power plants FACTS: SVC and STATCOM Transformers, high and medium voltage breakers, instrument transformers SCADA and EMS November 9, 2017 Slide 8

9 ABB deliveries from A to Z into the wind industry Wind power generation, transmission and integration, control Collection grid products Asset management Substation automation and power quality optimization solutions Offshore HVDC* converter station Power systems consulting Offshore AC substation Turbine control and protection products Converters Transformers Generators Generators PLC* Motors Switchgears Communication Solutions, wind power plant control Onshore converter station Hybrid generation microgrid Substation for onshore wind power plants Control and network management: SCADA*, EMS*, GMS* EMS: Energy Management System GMS: Generation Mangement System HVAC: High-voltage Alternating Current HVDC: High-voltage Direct Current PLC: Programmable Logic Controller SCADA: Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition November 9, 2017 Slide 9

10 Power Consulting General offering General Offering System Studies & Analysis Asset Assessment Training AC and DC power systems analysis Audits, diagnosis & failure assessment Standard/Tailor-made courses Cyber Security Analytical Tools Economical Studies Cyber Security diagnosis and assessment software and support Technical & economical system optimization November 9, 2017 Slide 10

11 Offshore Wind Areas of Supports Consulting Support in Early Phases System Studies & Analysis AC and DC power system analysis Integration of Electrical Components FEED and Concepts Developing Concepts, Cost Analysis, Risk Identification Tender support Support to tender processes, cost assessment, ITT s, evaluation criteria, interface management Permitting Permitting structure, planning and compliance, Support for certification and validation Project Managem. Consultancy Risk, Interface, Cost Control, Time schedule, Trouble shooting and Recovery Engineering Support Engineering support and verification for substations, substructures and cables, weight control Availability assessments RAM, FMECA, Optimisation of electrical and substation systems Safety Assessments Safety assessments, HAZIDs, HAZOPs, Cyber Security, Safety Philosophies R&D work R&D management, Qualification of new technology, Innovation, Feasibility Marine Survey Investigation and evaluation of installation procedures and reports, T&I survey Condition Based Monitoring CBM systems, Maintenance engineering, Diagnostics, Failure assessment Marine Operations Engineering activities for development of project installation procedures November 9, 2017 Slide 11

12 Offshore Substation Integration of HV systems - Risks Risks of different types may develop in connection with offshore substations Human risks (High/Low) Fabrication work Working at heights Lifting operations Etc. Offshore work Heli flights Work overboard Etc. Design risks (higher) Topside weight Seabed geology Manned or unmanned Etc. Environmental risks (lower) Waste & spill Disturbance of marine life EMC Etc. Operational risks (lower) Fire Explosions Weather risks Etc. Maintenance risks Maintenance strategy Means of access Material selection Etc. Execution risk (higher) Installation Float out logistics Schedule Cost Etc. November 9, 2017 Slide 12

13 Offshore Substation Integration of HV System - Physical design issues Some of the driving constrains Asset life Cable access Extendibility Finance Future ownership Rated capacity Remote diagnostics Availability / redundancy SCADA Supply chain Offshore environment Access/offshore transfer Unmanned/manned Maintenance campaigns Fabrication methods / execution strategies yard Structural integrity, limitation in height and weight Installation vessel capability Weather windows for installation And many more November 9, 2017 Slide 13

14 High Voltage Cables Scope includes: System studies and system design Project management Manufacturing and delivery of cables Procurement of other components Civil works Installation, supervision and testing Recovery of old cables Maintenance and repair of cable systems Service agreements November 9, 2017 Slide 14

15 High Voltage Cables Reactive Compensation Wind farms kv Collection grid Offshore AC substation kv Subsea cable Onshore AC substation Main AC network MW: kv MW: kv (For reference only) November 9, 2017 Slide 15

16 Grid Integration Generation expansion: new challenges Before Now Impact-transformation Windfarm Technical - Grids codes adaptation - Ancillary services for RE - Grid integration - Control of the plants - Digitalization & smart grid Industry Grid Solar ESS Commercial - Fast track installations - New business setups - Competition with other energy sources - Demand Management November 9, 2017 Slide 16

17 Added value Simple questions difficult to answer Some challenges, that together, we can solve Compliant with Are you looking Are you Are you Is the earthing Do you need a Grid Codes? for local considering optimizing the system taken in fast track suppliers? service? transformer? to account? substation?.... Have you think about safety? And about Cyber security? Safety is one of the most important topics for ABB, safety is a about hazard but is about production and efficiency as well Have you consider other technologies to optimize LCOE? AIS, hybrid or GIS, ABB can compare technologies from a life cycle perspective The grid connection of the plant can reduce systemically your LCOE November 9, 2017 Slide 17 * LCOE: Levelized Cost of Energy

18 Grid Code compliance What you must know about grid code compliance Grid Code Enforcement Development and implementation International trends System studies required Grid codes are mandated and (sometimes) as well established by law, with independence of other contract clauses and standards Difference: being just a precondition for connection or a civil penalty (liabilities) Ideal process not always implemented. Much copy and paste and not justified requirements. Main references: ENTSO-E, German codes, ERCOT Problems with official and draft versions living together. Sometimes, yearly edition. Difficult to stablish contractual and legal binding requirements International/regional integration (ENTSO-E). Applicability from generator units to PCC (Point of Common Coupling) Grid codes evolving faster than certification/testing procedures WTGs/PV panels OEMs and grid connection supplier both involved! System studies needed for requirements and parameters setting Previously done or included explicitly in the scope; or even being IMPLICITLY AND INDIRECTLY required to contractual fulfillment! Not assume requirements may be (easily) fulfilled! Careful contractual/technical revision to assess liabilities and risks and even whether tender equipment specifications are binding/valid April, 2017 Slide 18

19 Grid Code compliance Grid code compliance studies TSOs demand for a safe and reliable operation of the grid Continuity of supply Quality of supply Spinning reserve and power support during system disturbances Large RES integration may result in restrictions for grid safety and operation Increasing RES penetration has resulted in updated grid codes Discontinuity of supply Generation uncertainty Disconnection during voltage dips impact on stability Reduced quality of supply (power factor/ harmonics/flickering) grid distorsion, voltage deviations Reactive and voltage support Power quality Low voltage ride through Frequency regulation March 23, 2017 Slide 19

20 Grid Code compliance Systems and equipment involved in grid code compliance All systems involved For compliance at connection point level (PCC): Both substation and PV equipment involved Additional equipment may be required (FACTS, BESS, capacitor banks ) Complex additional software may be necessary (Plant Controller) Not clear market requirements Complex definition of scope, specs. and responsibilities! Studies required PV Array Remote Monitoring Central Converter Monitor, Control & Operate PV fleets in real-time Transformer, Switchgear & EBoP Plant SCADA & Control BESS Grid Grid Operator April, 2017 Slide 20

21 Key Challenges for off-shore WindFarm Connection Place of compensation devices Key challenges Voltage stability Post fault recovery WTG and Plant controller coordination Solution Optimized design and location of compensation equipment through system engineering and study November 9, 2017 Slide 21

22 Why ABB as grid integrator Our vision Why, Grid integration ABB 1. Integrate Wind and Solar has many challenges. 2. The substations a key element of the plant. 3. The total LCOE of the plant will be reduced Our Vision 1. Best supplier for the renewable market. 2. Allowing minimum LCOE, fast tracking delivery, new technologies, optimizing risk and policies, service included in added value 1. Focus on main technical parameters 2. We strive toward the highest quality and safety 3. Global organization/ local focus 4. Best products/systems, minimum LCOE 1. We deliver high quality turnkey substations/ebop 2. Engineering packages 3. FACTS devices/ Power Quality Systems 4. Energy Storage Systems How, What, Why do we exist? November 9, 2017 Slide 22

23 Added value Simple questions difficult to answer Some challenges, that together, we can solve Compliant with Are you looking Are you Are you Is the earthing Do you need a Grid Codes? for local considering optimizing the system taken in fast track ABB reactive and active compensation systems to comply with grid codes. Studies and recommendations available. suppliers? ABB can help you identifying potential local partners. By having an early involvement we secure lowest LCOE. service? ABB can support you with service and maintenance of the Substation and asset management programs. transformer? ABB can help you in optimizing the transformer design adapted to the production regime. to account? ABB can give advice and design earthling system. substation? ABB is aware of the need of fast delivery. We implement special strategies to deliver on fast track. Have you think about safety? And about Cyber security? Safety is one of the most important topics for ABB, safety is a about hazard but is about production and efficiency as well Have you consider other technologies to optimize LCOE? AIS, hybrid or GIS, ABB can compare technologies from a life cycle perspective The grid connection of the plant can reduce systemically your LCOE November 9, 2017 Slide 23

24 Proximity to our customers Power Grid service footprint Local presence/ Global Player ~$2 bn revenue ~60 countries ~150 locations ~6,000 employees ~$ 250 bn installed base November 9, 2017 Slide 24

25 ABB expertise in offshore wind From early days in 2008 Borwin1 Dolwin 1 Dolwin2 Thornton Bank Princess Amalia (Q7) Various projects: equipment supply November 9, 2017 Slide 25

26 Summary 1. Early planning 2. System study 3. Project management 4. Quality & HSE Global service organization System knowledge Product Knowledge Local focus / full customer adaptation Proficient project management Global player/extrapolat e best practices Competitive LCOE November 9, 2017 Slide 26 * HSE = Health & Safety

27