Why premature death at battery?

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2 Why premature death at battery? - Flooded Type : Maintenance Stratification occurs when more dense electrolyte sinks to the bottom of the battery can harm the battery s plates. As more impurities are at the bottom area, it can make short. - Impurity + S.G. Small Mostly Water Little Electrochemical Optimum Ratio Optimal Electrochemical Large Mostly Acid Corrosion Prevails DYNAMIC SULFATION is a process when batteries are cycled; a small amount of lead sulphate deposition takes place on battery plates irrespective of full cycling. This is because of internal corrosion invariably associated with each cycle. Need Equalizing from bottom to top!!

3 - VRLA(SLA) Type : Maintenance Free Stratification not occurs because density of electrolyte is equal from top to bottom of battery but dried continuously and impurities on plates can be much stronger and harder. Impurity - + S.G. Dried GEL AGM Optimum Ratio Optimum Ratio Optimum Ratio Optimal Electrochemical Optimal Electrochemical Optimal Electrochemical STATIC SULPHATION is a process when batteries are in idle condition and not cycled or st ored for long time. Lead Sulphate ions in contact with plate s active materials react at room temperature to form lead sulphate and crystallize on plate zone. Maintenance Free -> Dry-out ->Need Water!!

4 Primary Failure Modes Dry-out is often a secondary result of other failure models. Renew Cell can restore Short and Open status by operating EC-D mode.

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6 Unique pulse at Renew Cell A B up to + - Null 10,000 pulses C per second Positive area? (A)Shock Pulse? (B) charging current? positive + - Negative Negative area : (C) discharge

7 Charging Curve according to Chemical Reaction Voltage Over Charging Specific Gravity Specific Gravity Time(Hour) EC1 EC2 EC3 Renew Cell restore aged battery in 3 steps. 7

8 Up to 10,000 pulses per second using FET!

9 R/F and Voltage at Renew Cell? Charging : Electric Energy -> Chemical Energy Water = Energy = =Flow of electron R/F (Regeneration pulse Frequency) Water Tank = Battery Water Pressure = Voltage = Electromotive Force = Cut-Off-Voltage Water Volume = Current Capacity = RC(car battery)= Ah (Traction/UPS) Discharging : Chemical Energy -> Electrical Energy 9

10 Time : Cut-Off Volt : R/F : 1 Hour 17.4 Volt 20 F * Renew cell will supply constant 20F of micro pulse energy during 1 hour up to 17.4 Volt if we set the above restoration condition. 23F 22F 23F 22F 23F 22F 22F 23F 22F 23F Feed Back = 10

11 Battery Internal Status from EC1 to EC3 Before Restoration (Charging) EC1 some of electrons start to be activated. After Restoration (Charging) EC3 EC2 All electrons are activated. Most of electrons are activated.

12 Renew Cell World Best Battery Restoration System Real time Monitoring No limit For DC cable Lead Acid NiCd(NiMH) PWM Constant Control S/W for Pulse Own CODEC PLC Reflected 2~16VDC, 1,000Ah Current Pulse Portable 3Step Constant Current PWM : Pulse Width Method PLC : power Line Communication CODEC : Coding and Decoding

13 What Renew Cell system is totally different from others? Can equalize and balance each cell from mono block battery to battery bank. Can restore 0 volt, short, open, or surface charging status by EC-D mode Can charge and optimize battery much faster than others Can know health and energy status of battery at real time Can show error status promptly; open, short, help Can operate multi units in series depends on cell or battery quantity Can greatly save electric power cost for charging and regenerating Can works in 1 to 3 steps, each of which is programmable Can do boosting for faster charging by linking additional unit Can restore 1 to 8 cells depends on cell status

14 Technical Specification Size: 14.5cm(H) x 30cm(W) x 30cm(L) Use Temperature: 0º C to 45º C Stored Temperature: -20º C to +65º C Case Material: Metal and Aluminum Color : Black Charging Method : 3 Step Constant Current ( Reflected Pulse ) Input Voltage: 100 ~ 240VAC / 47 ~ 63Hz / Max 3.7A 1-phase Time : 0 ~ 99 Hour 99 Minutes, Volt : 0~30Volt, R/F : 0~300F Output Voltage and Current: 2.0V ~ 16VDC / Normal 300 Ah,Max 1,000Ah Regeneration Time : 300Ah within 6 hours, 600Ah within 10 hours Weight: 9 kg Power Consumption : 600W (Max 400Ah Battery Base) Applicable Battery: Lead Acid (Flood, MF, AGM, Gel, VRLA), NiCd, NiMH Next Generation of Battery Regenerator, Renew Cell

15 How to connect Renew Cell to batteries? Traction & Stationary Battery 24 cells _ If we have 1 unit, we can operate it 4 times. If we have 2 units, we can operate 2 units 2 times.

16 Traction & Stationary Battery 48 cells

17 Why Equalizing is the most important at aged battery? 300Ah 300Ah 300Ah 300Ah 300Ah 100Ah Total Ah from 1 to 99 in series at battery bank? Total Ah from 1 to 100 in series? 1/Ah total = 1/300+ 1/100 Ah total = 300/4 = 75Ah < 100Ah 300Ah If there is bad cells among cells in series, its total capacity is about 75% of capacity of bad cell and 25% of 300Ah. Therefore battery can only work for 1 hour only in case of folk lift.

18 _ + _ + _ + _ + _ + _ + _ + _ + _ + _ + _ + Battery bank in case of 12 cells - Cell 8 is bad cell among 12 cells + _ B A D _ + How to restore (connect system to battery bank?

19 In this case we need to equalize cell 8. In order to equalize we can do boosting for charging by additional unit. And we have special mode, EC-D mode for worst cell such as SHORT, OPEN, and 0 Volt. Refer to next pages for connecting cells to Renew Cell.

20 Competitors in the world Macbat in Sweden Battery Plus in France For 15 years For 8 years BRS in Japan For 8 years Maroo MCS in Korea For 5 years

21 But still undeveloped market Why

22 Reasons of no success too large and too heavy not portable high price and usage costs require too much time limited market low productivity low profit

23 Facts example of bluebatt (Maroo) Rec. USD 30,000 Regeneration sequences programmed (fixed 40 hours) : Discharging-> Charging by big current -> Charging by small current -> Discharging -> Charging

24 Battery needs to regeneration system Macbat in Sweden

25 Still remaining time for battery regeneration by Macbat system is 68 hours 7 minutes.

26 Battery needs to regeneration system Battery Plus in France

27 Battery needs to regeneration system BRS in Japan

28 BRS in Japan Transform1 Square Wave from AC sine pulse from transformer Transform2 Transforming into Sine Wave Transform3 Transforming into high frequency pulse Interval Energy delivered to battery Interval 28

29 Maroo MCS / Battery Plus /Macbat AC Input Electric Company AC 400V 60Hz Rectifying Rectifying AC with transformer and Bridge rectifier SCR Regenerate battery by pulses made from control of SCR Interval Energy delivered to battery 29

30 Service steps all actually Systems Pick up the battery extradition Cleaning and checking Rework if necessary cell exchange Regeneration

31 Compare Service Circle Macbat Battery Plus BRS Maroo MCS Renew Cell

32 Compare ROI for Service Investment USD 3-phase 380V min. 32A, 63A better Workshop / warehouse for processing the batteries Trucks for pickup and delivery Tools for installation and removal of batteries (up 2to.) if needed free change battery for the downtime Example truck battery: Week Month Based on original price 6000 USD Costs of transportation and development Workshop costs Electricity costs, rent, assessments Cost of return transportation and installation Gross Profit Return on investment over 10 years

33 Battery service with Renew Cell Investment USD. (3 Units) Simple socket suffices No large workshop required No pick-up and delivery No other special tools required no change batterie or loaner since hardly any downtime Gross per year about Eur. Example truck battery: 1 day Month Based on original price 6000 USD Costs for driving car Workload for location Electricity costs, rent, assessments Gross Profits Return of Invest after 1 to 2 month