THE SOLAR POWERED ANTI-THEFT BAG

Transcription

1 THE SOLAR POWERED ANTI-THEFT BAG Ruchi Mangesh Jadhav 1, Sarika Hari Gaonkar 2, Darshan Kamlesh Khatri 3 Soumya Satish Bangera 4 a ruchimjadhav@gmail.com, b sarikagaonkar01@gmail.com, c darshankk.dk@gmail.com, d soumya.jbangera@gmail.com Department of Electronics Engineering, SLRTCE, Miraroad Abstract- The main aim of this paper presentation is to design and implement a bag which is not only used for carrying valuables but also to simplify human life by protecting them. The bag is handy, user- friendly, and the circuitry used is simple, secure, cut proof and cheap. We have also included additional features like solar charger and light indicator. In this project, only an authorized person can access the bag. Whenever any random person tries to open the chain of the bag more than a certain extent, the buzzer will automatically turn ON for 11 sec, and the burglar can be caught red-handed. We also have in-built solar panels in our bag which are used for charging phones while travelling or otherwise, and the same energy is used by the whole system which makes it eco-friendly. Apart from this, we have a light indicator circuit in our bag which can be turned ON during night time to avoid accident cases which occur due to lack of street light at night. I. INTRODUCTION In this present age, safety has become an essential issue for most of the people in rural and urban areas. People carrying bags while travelling who use public transport and those walking on roads are more prone to security issues. In order to eradicate this security threat we have introduced anti-theft bags with additional features. Basically our project consists of 555 timer IC in monostable mode, solar panels, LEDs, and switches. We have kept solar panels exposed to sunlight. When light falls on these panels it converts the solar energy into electrical energy and is passed to TP4056 via diode which makes the current flow unidirectional to stop reverse current. The output of TP4056 is connected to battery and the battery starts charging. We can use this battery as a portable charger. The same battery provides input to 555 timer IC. When any burglar tries to open the chain of bag more than a certain extent, the voltage at 2nd pin of 555 goes below and the output of 555 goes high and the buzzer automatically turns ON for 11 sec. In this way the burglar can easily be caught. We also have led indicator circuit in our bags. The input to this led circuit is also provided by battery. During night time the user just has to turn ON the switch. The led starts blinking and the person driving a vehicle can easily notice people walking on the streets and the accident cases during night can be reduced to a great extent. Thus in this way we have planned a project which has essential features for common man in extremely low cost. II. LITERATURE A. Solar cell Solar cell is an electrical device that converts light energy directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect. It is a physical and chemical phenomenon. It is a form of photoelectric cell, defined as a device whose electrical characteristics, such as current, voltage, or

2 resistance, vary when exposed to light. Solar cells are building blocks of photovoltaic modules, otherwise known as solar panels. Solar cells are described as being photovoltaic, irrespective of whether the source is sunlight or an artificial light. They are used as a photo detector, detecting light or other electromagnetic radiation near the visible range, or measuring light intensity. In our project, solar cell is a very important component as it is the power house of our entire system. The basic use of it is for charging the battery so that it can be used as a portable charger, but the other use of this solar panel is that it also acts as a supply to the theft detector and the light indicator. We have used two solar panels of 3V each. B. Timer IC 555 The 555 timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip) used in a variety of timer, pulse generation and oscillatorapplications. The 555 can be used to provide time delays, as an oscillator, as aflipflop element. Derivatives provide upto four timing circuits in one package. It is an 8pin silicon chip. In a stable mode this is used to produce low frequency oscillations. It is basically a monolithic timing circuit that produces accurate and highly stable time delays or oscillation. When compared to the applications of an op-amp in the same areas, the 555IC is also equally reliable and is cheap in cost. The important features of the 555 timer are: It operates from a wide range of power supplies ranging from + 5 Volts to + 18 Volts supply voltage. Sinking or sourcing 200 ma of load current. The external components should be selected properly so that the timing intervals can be made into several minutes along with the frequencies exceeding several hundred kilo hertz. The output of a 555 timer can drive transistor-transistor logic (TTL) due to its high current output. The duty cycle of the timer is adjustable. The maximum power dissipation per package is 600 mw and its trigger and reset inputs have logic compatibility. Pin configuration: GND: Ground reference voltage LOW (0V). TRIGGER: Output will be HIGH as long as trigger is kept at LOW voltage i.e. less than. (In our project Trigger is connected to LOW which is one of the sensor.) OUTPUT: This pin gives the output of the timer IC. (In our project it is fed to BC548 transistor.) RESET: It is active LOW pin, so when a low voltage or 0V is applied to this pin, the output of 555 timer IC resets itself i.e. becomes 0V. CONTROL: Not connected

3 THRESHOLD: Connected to ground. DISCHARGE: Not connected. Vcc: Power supply. C. Boost Converter The boost converter is a lithium battery. It is about 0.9V to 5V. It boosts up the voltage and current. With any input of DC voltage of 0.9V to 5V, it can give output 5V DC voltage. It has a high conversion efficiency of upto 96%. The size of the boost converter is ultra small and can be installed in variety of small equipment. D. TP4056 TP4056 is used to recharge our battery because at the output of the solar cell we will get 6V and 3000mA. So it converts it into 1A. This also regulates the voltage to 5V. The TP4056 helps us to protect our batteries from damage. It charges battery with 100mA slowly till battery reaches 3V. This stage is called as solar charging. After 3V, it suddenly jumps to 1A and voltage increases till 4.2V. Then it goes in cutoff mode. When the batteries are totally charged we can disconnect TP4056 from the solar panels. E. LED A light emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is a p-n junction diode, which emits light when activated. When a suitable voltage is applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons. LEDs are used for the purpose of indication. They emit photons and are found to be in different colours. In this project, we have used a LED in the theft detector circuit. It glows whenever the buzzer turns on. Also in the light indicator circuit the main component is LED itself. The LED will glow as soon as the button is switched on. III. SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION A. Solar power bank We know that solar panel is one type of a transducer which converts solar energy into electrical energy (in V, I). Here we have used solar panels as a source of energy that charge rechargeable batteries. In this project we have used two solar panels of 3V and 150mA. That

4 is, it generates approximately 3V and 150mA in presence of sun light. We have connected two solar panels serially so that we get 6v and 150mA at the output of solar panel. Now the output of solar panels is given to the input of TP4056. It is mainly used to protect our rechargeable batteries and to regulate or control charging of our rechargeable batteries. Output of TP4056 is connected to rechargeable batteries. It charges our batteries with 100mA till 3V. After that it jumps to 1A and charges the batteries till they are completely charged and then it turns off the charging of batteries, that is, the voltage and current from TP4056 drops to zero. When batteries are fully charged we can disconnect TP4056 from the solar panel with the help of a switch. During charging of our rechargeable batteries, the red LED of TP4056 glows. This shows that our rechargeable batteries are charging. As soon as batteries are fully charged TP4056 indicates green LED which signifies that charging of our batteries is completed. Now finally last part of our circuit is Boost converter. Output of batteries is connected to input of boost converter. It boosts up any voltage between 0.9-5V to 5V& 600mA. So that charging of our mobile is possible. At the end we will connect our mobile phone to the boost convert's USB connector via our mobile phone charger wire. B. Thief detector For making the thief detector we have used IC 555 as a monostable multivibrator. The supply to this circuit is provided by the rechargeable batteries. IC 555 s is connected to the battery via one switch which can turn ON and turn OFF our thief detector circuit when needed. Now when the voltage on lower connector goes below, the output of comparator becomes high at pin no. 3. At the same time, transistor t1 is turned off and the capacitor starts charging through the resistor. As soon as the capacitor gets charged above, the upper comparator turns on and the output at pin no. 3 goes low at that instant and the capacitor stats discharging through

5 the transistor. The output remains low till no trigger pulse is given. The period of IC 555 is given by. This means the ON time is decided by the resistor and the capacitor in our thief detector circuit. Here we have used a resistor of 100kΩ and and a capacitor of 100µF. So now, At the output, i.e. at pin no. 3 we have connected a LED and a buzzer. Both of them will remain ON for 11 seconds. C. Light Indicator In this light detector circuit too, the supply is given from our rechargeable batteries. When we press the switch button, it will turn ON and connect the battery with the LEDs. If we press the button again, then the LEDs will be turned OFF. IV. TESTING AND ANALYSIS As we are still working on our project, the actual implementation has not been carried yet. We have implemented this project on the breadboard but the prototype model is yet to be made. The testing and analysis is not done because accurate results are awaited. V. CONCLUSION The concept of our project is about a bag which has many features in it. 1. It has batteries working on solar energywhich can used as a portable charger, a theft detector which focuses mainly on the safety of valuables and LED's placed on the holding belts of the bag which shall be an indicator for the people during night time which in short again is for the safety purpose. 2. The batteries are charged through the solar panel and many other devices can be charged through these batteries. This module is designed as a portable charger. 3. The project made is eco- friendly and does not have any hazardous effect on environment. In Rainy seasons the sunlight available is less but still the energy stored can be used for charging purpose. The charging is done almost in 2 hours because of the previously stored solar energy. 4. The theft detecting circuit is small, easily fitted inside the bag which has less weight so the bag is handy ie; it is easy to carry. The thief detector circuit is highly sensitive. 5. Since the results are expected so we hope our project is a successful one and can be easily implemented with more ideas in future.

6 REFERENCES [1] Electronic Devices and Circuits by David Bell, Oxford Higher Education, Fifth Edition [2] Op-Amp and Linear Integrated Circuits by Ramakant Gayakwad, PHI, Fourth Edition