INTERCOOL BIOGREEN VISCOSITY INTERCOOL BIOGREEN MSDS 50% INTERCOOL BIOGREEN MSDS 40% INTERCOOL BIOGREEN MSDS 30% INTERCOOL BIOGREEN SPEC 50%

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Elvin Barnett
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INDEX INTERCOOL BIOGREEN COVER INTERCOOL BIOGREEN NEW BIOGREEN

COMPANY LOCATIONS INTERCOOL BIOGREEN PRESENTATION BOILING POINTS

DEGRADATION INTERCOOL BIOGREEN DENSITY ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS

FREEZE POINT COMPARISON GLYCOL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES COMPARISON

GRAVITY INTERCOOL BIOGREEN SPECIFIC HEAT INTERCOOL BIOGREEN

VISCOSITY INTERCOOL BIOGREEN VISCOSITY INTERCOOL BIOGREEN PROPOSED

30% INTERCOOL BIOGREEN SPEC 40% INTERCOOL BIOGREEN MSDS 40%

2 INDEX INTERCOOL BIOGREEN COVER INTERCOOL BIOGREEN NEW BIOGREEN FLYER INTERSTATE CHEMICAL COMPANY CONTACTS INTERSTATE CHEMICAL COMPANY LOCATIONS INTERCOOL BIOGREEN PRESENTATION BOILING POINTS COMPARISION OF PUMPING PRESSURE CERTIFICATE OF ASSURANCE GLYCOL DEGRADATION INTERCOOL BIOGREEN DENSITY ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ENVIRONMENTAL FATE FREEZE POINT PROTECTION INTERCOOL BIOGREEN FREEZE POINT COMPARISON GLYCOL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES COMPARISON INTERCOOL BIOGREEN PHYSICAL PROPERTIES INTERCOOL BIOGREEN SPECIFIC GRAVITY INTERCOOL BIOGREEN SPECIFIC HEAT INTERCOOL BIOGREEN THERMAL EXPANSION GLYCOL VISCOSITY COMPARISON BIOGREEN AQUEOUS VISCOSITY INTERCOOL BIOGREEN VISCOSITY INTERCOOL BIOGREEN PROPOSED SPECIFICATION INTERCOOL BIOGREEN SPEC 30% INTERCOOL BIOGREEN MSDS 30% INTERCOOL BIOGREEN SPEC 40% INTERCOOL BIOGREEN MSDS 40% INTERCOOL BIOGREEN SPEC 50% INTERCOOL BIOGREEN MSDS 50% Member of National Association of Chemical Distributors

3 Subject: INTERCOOL BIOGREEN Heat Transfer Fluid INTERCOOL BIO-GREEN heat transfer fluid is a non toxic blend of 1,3 Propanediol, SUSTERRA, made from renewable resources, a proprietary fermentation process developed jointly by DuPont and Tate & Lyle to produce SUSTERRA using corn sugar instead of petroleum-based feedstock s. The production of SUSTERRA consumes 40 percent less energy and reduces greenhouse gas emissions by 20 percent versus petroleumbased propane diol. Similar physical properties with added benefits Benefits of INTERCOOL BIOGREEN HTF Improved viscosity at lower temperatures Less pumping pressure at lower temperatures Similar freeze points for aqueous solutions BIOGREEN is comparable to ethylene glycol based fluids for energy consumption and global warming potential. BIOGREEN is more sustainable at the end-of-life, reducing global warming potential by 33% compared to propylene glycol. Toxicity comparable to Propylene Glycol Renewable feedstock s, Base Fluid derived from corn sugar.

4 Ethylene Glycol Propylene Glycol BIOGREEN 1,2 ethanediol 1,2 propanediol 1,3 propanediol Skin irritation Mild Slight / Slight / / sensitization negative negative Eye Irritation Mild None to None moderate Gene Mutation Negative Negative Negative Acute Toxicity Oral LD50 (mg/kg) Dermal LD50(mg/kg) Inhalation ALC (mg/m3) 8,255 20,900 15,670 >2,000 >20,700 >20,000 >200 >700 >5,000 We believe that when properly used, INTERCOOL BIOGREEN heat transfer fluid should not cause a risk to the environment or to waterways and aquifers. The efficiency of ethylene glycol with the toxicity benefits of propylene glycol in a green product. INTERCOOL BIOGREEN Member of National Association of Chemical Distributors

5 INTERCOOL BIOGREEN Improved physical properties with added benefits Improved viscosity at lower temperatures Less pumping pressure at lower temperatures Similar freeze points for aqueous solutions BIOGREEN is comparable to ethylene glycol based fluids for energy consumption and global warming potential. BIOGREEN is more sustainable at the end-of-life, reducing global warming potential by 33% compared to propylene glycol. Toxicity comparable to Propylene Glycol Renewable feedstock s The efficiency of ethylene glycol with the toxicity benefits of propylene glycol in a green product.

6 Interstate Chemical Company Hermitage, PA INTERCOOL BIO-GREEN A NEW FULLY INHIBITED HEAT TRANSFER FLUID MADE FROM A RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE

7 INTERCOOL BIO-GREEN A A Green Heat Transfer Fluid Intercool Bio-Green is a non toxic blend of 1,3 propanediol (Susterra ) made from renewable sources. Susterra, developed jointly by DuPont Tate and Lyle, is produced from a proprietary fermentation process using corn sugar instead of petroleum-based feedstock's. The production of Susterra consumes 40% less energy The production of and reduces greenhouse gas emissions petroleum based propylene glycol. reduces greenhouse gas emissions by 20% versus Susterra s toxicity is comparable to propylene glycol. Intercool Bio-Green: a Fully inhibited Green Heat Transfer Fluid!

8 INTERCOOL BIO-GREEN Excellent Heat Transfer Properties Improved viscosities at lower temperatures. Less pumping pressure at lower temperatures. Higher Boiling Point (214 Celsius) than Ethylene Glycol (197.6 Celsius) Susterra resists degradation better than petroleum based ethylene glycol in high temperature applications. INTERCOOL BIO-GREEN has the heat transfer efficiency of ethylene glycol with the toxicity benefits of propylene glycol INTERCOOL BIO-GREEN GREEN: : a new Green coolant with excellent heat transfer characteristics. THE PERFECT FIT FOR ANY NEW COOLANT PROJECTS!

9 Intercool Bio-Green Applications Stationary Diesel Engines HVAC Systems Ice Rinks Geothermal Systems Solar Systems Heat Recovery Systems Ice Storage Systems Snow Melt Systems Drilling Equipment Natural Gas Well-Head Heaters Vapor Recovery Systems

10 INTERCOOL BIOGREEN Boiling Points of Aqueous Solutions INTERCOOL BIOGREEN Volume %

11 Comparison of Pumping Pressure PG vs. PDO At -10 C, a 40% PG/ 60% water solution requires 2.4 X s the pumping energy as a 40% PDO/60% water solution. Thermophysical Properties at -10 C 40.5 wt % (~14 mol %) 1,2-propanediol 40 wt % (13.6 mol %) 1,3-propanediol Absolute Viscosity (cp) Density (g/ml) Specific Heat (kjkg -1 K -1 ) Thermal Conductivity (Wm -1 K -1 ) Kinematic Viscosity (cst) Fp (C) PPR12 = ( 1/ 2) 1.95 ( 1/ 2) (k1/k2) -2.3 (Cp1/Cp2) PPR12 at -10 C, using the thermophysical properties from above, describes the amount of energy needed to pump fluid 1 relative to fluid 2in order to get the same heat transfer performance. Fluid 1 = 1,2-propanediol Fluid 2 = 1,3-propanediol PPR 12 at -10 C = 2.4 This PPR12 equation comes from substituting appropriate values in equation 9 of the following paper: Sherwood, G, "Secondary Heat Transfer Systems and the Application of a New Hydrofluoroether," Alternatives the 1995 International CFC and Halon Conference.

12 Certificate of Assurance ASTM D-1384 Corrosion Test on INTERCOOL BIOGREEN ( *F in Glassware with Corrosive Water) This test method covers a simple beaker-type procedure for evaluating the effects of engine coolants on metal specimens under controlled laboratory conditions. In this test method, specimens of metals typical of those present in engine cooling systems are totally immersed in aerated engine coolant solutions prepared with corrosive salts for 336 hours at 88 C (190 F). The corrosion inhibition properties of the test solution are evaluated on the basis of the weight changes incurred by the specimens. Each test is run in triplicate, and the average weight change is determined for each metal. This test method will generally distinguish between coolants that are definitely deleterious from the corrosion standpoint and those that are suitable for further evaluation. However, the results of this test method cannot stand alone as evidence of satisfactory corrosion inhibition. Only more comprehensive bench, dynamometer, and field tests can determine the actual service value of an engine coolant formulation. Automobile manufacturers have accepted the specimens prescribed in this test method, but their composition may not be the same as that of alloys currently used for engine cooling system components. Therefore, specimens other than those designated in this test method may be used by mutual agreement of the parties involved. The following metal test specimens, 1 by 2 inches in size, representative of cooling system metals, were used: 1. Steel, UNS G10200 (SAE 1020), Chemical composition of the carbon steel is as follows: carbon, 0.17 to 0.23 %; manganese, 0.30 to 0.60 %; phosphorus, % maximum; sulfur, % maximum. 2. Copper, conforming to UNS C11000 (SAE CA110) or UNS C11300 (SAE CA113). Cold-rolled. 3. Brass, conforming to Alloy UNS C26000 (SAE CA 260). 4. Solder A brass specimen as described in 6.1.3, coated with solder conforming to Alloy Grade 30A (SAE 3A) 5. Cast Aluminum, conforming to Alloy UNS A23190 (SAE 329). 6. Cast Iron, conforming to Alloy UNS F10007 (SAE G3500). Average ASTM Limit* Copper Solder Brass Steel Iron Aluminum

13 Interstate Chemical Co., Incorporated certifies that INTERCOOL NFE industrial heat transfer fluid meets ASTM D-1384 standards. Users of the corrosion test data in glassware should understand its purpose and limitations. This is a screening procedure for evaluating the effects of antifreeze solutions on metal specimens under controlled laboratory conditions. The test method is generally capable of distinguishing between coolants that are definitely deficient from the corrosion standpoint and those that are worthy of further evaluation. Results from this test should not be interpreted as evidence of satisfactory corrosion inhibition for all industrials systems using this fluid because service conditions cannot be simulated adequately.

14 INTERCOOL BIOGREEN Glycol Degradation Comparison Testing measured the concentration of acids formed under constant pressure and temperature by ion chromatography EG PG PDO PPM HOURS

15 Tests conducted on base fluids no inhibitors Corrosion Data

16 Below Freeze Point Calculated Measured Below Freeze Point lb/gal lb/ft³ lb/gal lb/ft³ lb/gal lb/ft³ lb/gal lb/ft³ Temp F 60% 60% 50% 50% 40% 40% 30% 30% Temp C INTERCOOL BIOGREEN DENSITY

17 INTERCOOL BIOGREEN Environmental Effects Data - Mammalian Ethylene Glycol 1,2 ethanediol Propylene Glycol 1,2 propanediol Bio-PDO 1,3 propanediol Skin irritation / sensitization Mild Slight / negative Slight / negative Eye Irritation Mild None to moderate None Gene Mutation Negative Negative Negative Acute Toxicity Oral LD50 (mg/kg) 8,255 20,900 15,670 Dermal LD50(mg/kg) >2,000 >20,700 >20,000 Inhalation ALC (mg/m 3 ) >200 >700 >5,000

18 Environmental Fate Data & Aquatic Toxicity Ethylene Glycol 1,2 ethanediol Propylene Glycol 1,2 propanediol Susterra Bio-PDO 1,3 propanediol Water Solubility Complete Complete Complete Log Kow CODt (mg/l) 1.29 x x x 106 BODs (mg/l)* - literature 0.7 x x x x x 106 Biodegradation Readily Biodegradable Readily Biodegradable Readily Biodegradable Fish LC50 (mg/l) 22,800 72,860 >5,000 >9,720 Daphnids EC50 (mg/l) >10,000 >10,000 >7,417 Algal EC50 (mg/l) 9,500 No data 1,600 Tests DuPont Engineering Wastewater Treatment Lab Base Fluid for INTERCOOL BIOGREEN

19 INTERCOOL BIOGREEN FREEZE POINT PROTECTION Volume % FP F FP C

20 INTERCOOL BIOGREEN Freeze Point Comparison Freeze Points of Glycol Solutions ASTM D1177 method is limited below -60 o F. Products become slushy Percent Glycol EG PG PDO Degrees F

21 Glycol Physical Properties Comparison Ethylene Glycol 1,2 ethanediol Propylene Glycol 1,2 propanediol CAS # Structure Molecular Weight HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -OH H 3 C-CH-CH 2 -OH OH 76.1 Form Boiling Point ( o C) Colorless Liquid Colorless Liquid Mild Odor Melting Point ( o C) Density 20 o C) Vapor Pressure (mm 20 o C) Solubility 0.06 Soluble in water, acetone & CH 3 OH <0.1 Completely soluble in water and alcohol Bio-PDO 1,3 propanediol HO-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -OH Liquid Soluble in water, alcohol and ether

22 INTERCOOL BIOGREEN Physical Properties 1,3-Propanediol Molecular Formula C3H8O2 CAS # Molecular Wt Melting Point, ( o C) Boiling Point, ( o C) Density Weight/gal (US-lbs/20 o C) 8.78 Refractive Index (20 o C) Viscosity, cp (20 o C) 52 Vapor Pressure, mmhg (20 o C) 0.08 Surface Tension, dyne/cm (20 o C) 46.2 Specific Heat, cal/g/ o C (20 o C) 0 Coeff of Expansion, per o C (10 o - 40 o C) Flash Point, ( o C) 131 Autoignition Temp, ( o C) 405 Heat of Formation (kj/mol) Heat of Vaporization (kj/mol) 57.9 Heat of Fusion (kj/mol) 7.1 Critical Temp ( o C) 445 Critical Pressure (mpa) % PDO + 50% DI Water Electrical Resistivity Essentially non-conductive Thermal Conductivity (W/m-k) ~ 0.4 Heat Capacity 100 o C) ~ 3.4

23 INTERCOOL BIOGREEN Specific Gravity Specific Gravity of PDO Solutions 100% PDO 50% PDO Temp, o C 100% PDO 50% PDO T (C) T (F) Sp. Gravity, g/ml

24 INTERCOOL BIOGREEN Specific Heat Comparison of Specific Heat Values for PDO & PDO/H 2 O AP01 - Standard Glass Calorimeter Reactor HP200 - High Pressure (200 bar) Inconel 718 Reactor 50/50 PDO/H2O - HP200 50/50 PDO/H2O - AP01 100% PDO - HP % PDO - AP Temp, oc 1,3-propanediol RC-1 Cp Temp ( C) (J/kg K) Reactor AP AP AP AP AP AP01 1,3-propanediol RC-1 Cp Temp ( C) (J/kg K) Reactor HP HP HP HP HP HP200 50/50 wt. PDO/water RC-1 Cp Temp ( C) (J/kg K) Reactor AP AP AP AP AP01 50/50 wt. PDO/water RC-1 Cp Temp ( C) (J/kg K) Reactor HP HP HP HP HP HP200 RC-1 Cp (J/kg K)

25 INTERCOOL BIOGREEN THERMAL EXPANSION OF 1,3 PDO Thermal Expansion of 1,3-Propanediol 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Vol, % ( x 10 3 )

26 INTERCOOL BIOGREEN Glycol Viscosity Comparison Ethylene Glycol Propylene Glycol 1,3-Propanediol Each glycol was Newtonian over the tested Shear Rate range, (1/s) Temperature, Celcius AcrobatDocument Viscosity, cps

27 INTERCOOL BIOGREEN AQUEOUS VISCOSITY cps Temperature ºF 30% 40% 50% 60%

28 INTERCOOL BOIGREEN VISCOSITY Viscosity of 1,3 Propanediol Temperature (C) Temp ( C) Visc (cps) Viscosity (cps)

29 Proposed Specification and System Preparation For INTERCOOL BIOGREEN Produced By Interstate Chemical Co., Inc. The closed loop piping system shall contain a preblended solution of INTERCOOL BIOGREEN and de-ionized water. The solution concentration shall be [? ] and provide freeze protection to [? ] degrees Fahrenheit. AUTOMOTIVE GRADE ANTIFREEZE IS NOT ACCEPTABLE The water used for the dilution of the glycol must meet the following water quality criteria. <25ppm Sulfate; <25ppm Chloride; <1ppm Calcium; <1ppm Magnesium <25ppm Silica. Electrical conductivity 25 C. 1.0 max. Total water hardness must be less than 60ppm and meet the Type II Reagent Water specification as per ASTM D The selected coolant must meet or exceed the ASTM D-1384 corrosion test for coolants in 190* F. for 336 hours. Prior to delivery the supplier must provide a certificate of assurance. The solution shall contain a fluorescent green dye to facilitate easy leak detection. Approved coolant manufacturers are: 1.) Interstate Chemical Co.; INTERCOOL BIOGREEN. The coolant manufacturer shall analyze the fluid bi-annually to ensure the glycol water solution continues to provide corrosion protection within industry standards and at no cost to the owner. No chemical additions shall be made to the glycol water solution until the coolant manufacturer has completed an analysis. Should such a chemical addition be required, it will be done in accordance with the recommendations on the analyticals as supplied by the manufacturer.

30 The mechanical contractor shall meter the initial water fill for the purpose of hydrostatic pressure testing and/or system flushing. After completion of this requirement the water shall be metered out. This will provide the contractor with a precise measure of coolant required to fill the system as well as the amount of water trapped in the system. This process will allow for any adjustments required prior to delivery of the premixed INTERCOOL BIOGREEN solution and ensure that the solution strength is in compliance with the specification. NOTE: Should the possibility of incidental food contact exist in the application or placement of the system, then USP GRADE Propylene Glycol must be used. The manufacturers food grade product must have a letter of approval from the USDA, meet the requirements of the FDA and be listed in the Journal of Proprietary Substances and Nonfood Compounds. Approved Manufacturers are: 1) Interstate Chemical Co. - INTERCOOL P-323. System Preparation It is important to remove any dirt, oil or metal filings that may contaminate the system piping and mechanical components or may contaminate the fresh INTERCOOL heat transfer fluid. The system should be flushed thoroughly using a mild cleaning solution and high quality water. (For older systems, special cleaners like INTERCLEAN MC-1 may be necessary to remove scale or rust.) Drain the system after the required circulation period as quickly as possible, this will prevent settling of foulants. Run circulating pumps and flush with clean water until the discharge water is clear. When system water is clear drain the system, remove, clean and replace all strainers. Fill the system with INTERCOOL BIOGREEN, all air vents should be opened during the filling process to ensure that all air is purged from the system. Circulate the glycol water mixture for 72 hours before a sample is taken and tested for the proper fluid concentration.

31 INTERCOOL BIOGREEN 30% PRODUCT SPECIFICATION SHEET JANUARY 1, 2007 CHARACTERISTIC SPECIFICATION TEST METHOD Reserve Alkalinity (mls.) 5.0 (min.) ASTM D-1121 ph ph Meter Freeze Point, deg. F + 9 (max.) Refractive Index Appearance Clear, Green liquid Visual Member of National Association of Chemical Distributors

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37 INTERCOOL BIOGREEN 40% PRODUCT SPECIFICATION SHEET JANUARY 1, 2007 CHARACTERISTIC SPECIFICATION TEST METHOD Reserve Alkalinity (mls.) 5.0 (min.) ASTM D-1121 ph ph Meter Freeze Point, deg. F -4 (max.) Refractive Index Appearance Clear, Green liquid Visual Member of National Association of Chemical Distributors

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Interstate Chemical Company Hermitage, PA INTERCOOL BIO-GREEN A NEW FULLY INHIBITED HEAT TRANSFER FLUID MADE FROM A RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE

Interstate Chemical Company Hermitage, PA INTERCOOL BIO-GREEN A NEW FULLY INHIBITED HEAT TRANSFER FLUID MADE FROM A RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE INTERCOOL BIO-GREEN A A Green Heat Transfer Fluid Intercool Bio-Green