Aviation Alternative. Characterizing the Options ATA AIA ACI FAA

Transcription

1 Aviation Alternative Fuels ATA Characterizing the Options AIA ACI FAA Presented to: ICAO Alternative Fuels Workshop Session 2: Overview of the Potential Options for Alternative Fuels Montreal, Canada By: Richard L. Altman Executive Director, Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuels Initiative (CAAFI) - Date: 10 February 2009

2 Overview of Alternative Aviation Fuel Options Piet Roets Sasol CTL SynFuels Consortium GTL - - Mohammed Turki Al Sobai - WOQOD (Qatar Fuel) - Capt. Chris Schroeder - Qatar Airways - Phillipe Fonta - Airbus Paul Bogers Shell BTL/XTL Bill Wason CO2 Star, Brazil Biofuel facility designer Jennifer Holmgren UOP HRJ fuels Leah Raney Continental HRJ Flight Yasunori Abe Japan Airlines HRJ Flight Brian Goodall Sapphire HRJ Algae Fayette Collier NASA - Far Term Near Term Drop-In Far Term - Exotic

3 Aviation Drop-in Fuels Near to Mid Term Biomass HRJ Hydrotreated Renewable Jet FT Fischer Tropsch Process Bio - Oil Extraction Hydrolysis / Fermentation Gasification Bio - Oils Ligno-cellulosic Bio-Conversion Pyrolysis / Liquifaction Syngas Esterification Hydrotreatment Ethanol / C2+ Alcohols Methanol Synthesis Shift Reaction Fischer Tropsch Process 2nd Gen. FAME HRJ SynJet HRJ SynJet Methanol Hydrogen FT SynJet Biofuels Present Drop-in Options Examined by CAAFI Sponsors/Stakeholders for carbon positive Aviation Fuels Compliments AirBP 4/08 Future Fuels Conference, London, England (framework only)

4 Coal/Bio to Liquid via Fischer Tropsch Process Approach dates back to 1920 s H 2 + CO FISCHER- TROPSCH C 1 to C 40 HC Liquid Coal/Biomass Gasification C 3 & C 4 Olefins Naphtha Cut Distillate Cut Coal tar Naphtha Creosote Hydrogenation Polymerization Hydrogenation Fractionation Hydrogenation Fractionation H treat Petrol H crack Diesel Fractionation Petrol Diesel Light Distillate Iso-Paraffinic Kerosene Heavy Naphtha Light Distillate Blender CTL Synthetic Jet Fuel

5 Fischer Tropsch Product, Co-product Opportunity Coal with Biomass Natural Gas Coal Pet Coke Biomass Wastes Synthesis Gas Production CO H 2 FT Liquid Synthesis CO 2 to Sequester or to EOR Product Recovery Tail Gas Power Generation Air Oxygen Plant O 2 An Option Liquid Fuels Wax H 2 Hydrogen Recovery Hydrogen Separation Hydrogen Wax Hydrocracking Liquid Fuels Transportation Fuels

6 SynFuels Consortium Formed November O7 Investigates synthetic fuel effects on: The global environment Local air quality Fuel burn Graphics Adapted from Paul Bogers, Shell

7 SynFuels Consortium Formed November O7 : Speakers Include: Qatar Airways customer s view, corporate social responsibility Qatar Fuels (WOQOD) manufacturer s view of a world-scale GTL project Airbus Producer of A380 testbed for first flight Shell options and challenges in the wider alternative fuels continuum Graphics Adapted from Paul Bogers, Shell Combustion (Operational & Emissions) Rolls-Royce Performance (Payload / Range) Airbus, Qatar Airways Properties (Stability & Compatibility) Shell,QP, WOQOD comprehensive research knowledge transfer via the QSTP network parametric study of synthetic fuels portfolio not just FT or GTL

8 Hydrotreated Renewable Jet (HRJ) Processes Bridging the BioJet Generations First Generation Inedible Oils: Camelina, Jatropha Second Generation Natural oils (vegetables, greases) Lignocellulosic biomass, algal oils Using Conventional Refining Technology Oil Deoxygenation Selective HydroCracking/ Isomerization Synthetic paraffinic Kerosene (SPK) Graphics Adapted from J. Holmgren, UOP Aromatics (<25%) Renewable Jet A-1

9 Hyrdrotreated Renewable Jet Feedstock Options Now: Jatropha Soon: Salt Water Tolerant Plants Future: Algae Grows on marginal lands Doesn t compete with food Doesn t use fresh water High oil content Doesn t compete with food or fresh water Very high oil content Complements D. Daggett, the Boeing Company

10 Three Successful HRJ Biojet Flight Programs* * Visuals Complement J. Holmgren, UOP Successful ANZ Flight Demo Date: December Feedstock: Jatropha oil Successful CO Flight Demo Date: Jan Feedstock: Jatropha and algal oil Feedstock: Camelina, Jatropha and algal oil Successful JAL Flight Demo Date: Jan

11 Fermentation Process for Jet Fuel Microbes Engineered to Excrete HC Energy Efficient Centrifugation seperates hydrocarbons from broth

12 Aviation Fuels Hydrogen Long Term? Very Clean burning, but. Requires new airport infrastructure (fueling, gates, taxiways) Currently CO2 intensive production owing to energy use for Hydrogen production New aircraft designs required for missions ** Analysis Dave Daggett The Boeing Company, 1.0 = Drop in for current aircraft 4.20 Liquid Hydrogen 1.0 Jet A Syn-Jet (1) Bio-Jet (2 Volume * (ft 3 /BTU) Liquid Hydrogen Weight * (lb/btu) Jet A Syn-Jet (1) Bio-Jet (

13 Hydrogen Fuel Implications to Current Designs 25% Smaller Engines 5% Lighter Takeoff Weight (13% OEW Increase) LH 2 Tank LH 2 tanks need wider cabin 5% Smaller Wing 133 seats Baseline Airplane LH 2 Tank 28% More energy on 500 nmi mission (2% on 3k nmi mission) Ref: Presentation D. Daggett (Boeing) to Transportation Research Board, 1/06

14 Overview of Alternative Aviation Fuel Options Piet Roets Sasol CTL SynFuels Consortium GTL - - Mohammed Turki Al Sobai - WOQOD (Qatar Fuel) - Capt. Chris Schroeder - Qatar Airways - Phillipe Fonta - Airbus Paul Bogers Shell BTL/XTL Bill Wason CO2 Star, Brazil Biofuel facility designer Jennifer Holmgren UOP HRJ fuels Leah Raney Continental HRJ Flight Yasunori Abe Japan Airlines HRJ Flight Brian Goodall Sapphire HRJ Algae Fayette Collier NASA - Far Term Near Term Drop-In Far Term - Exotic