Rehabilitation Techniques to Improve Long-term Performance of Highway-Railway At-Grade Crossings

Transcription

1 Rehabilitation Techniques to Improve Long-term Performance of Highway-Railway At-Grade Crossings Dr. Jerry G. Rose, P.E. Professor of Civil Engineering 261 Raymond Building University of Kentucky Proceedings of the ASME/ASCE/IEEE Joint Rail Conference (JRC2011) Pueblo, Colorado, USA March 16-18, 2011

2 Purpose Smooth Surface Safe Passage of Rubber-Tired Vehicles Across the Railroad

3 $100 + $300 $100 $100 + $100

4 Ideal Stay Smooth and Stable for Long Period of Time Reduce Costly Interruptions to Rail and Highway Traffic Improve Operating Performance

5 Ideal Rapidly Install/Renew One Day (RR 4 hrs/hwy 8-12 hrs) Layered Support Premium Materials

6 Procedure Complete Rebuild Support Layer Pre-Compacted Ballast New Track Panel New Crossing Surface

7 Ideal Cooperative Effort Local Hwy agency and RR Company Reduce Costs/Improve Quality/Minimize Disruption

8 Procedures/Case Studies Pressure Measurements On Surfaces within Layers Long-Term Settlements

9 Low Ride Quality R-O-U-G-H Deteriorate

10 Typical Granular Crossings Excessive Deflections ¼ inch (6mm) Structurally Dissimilar

11 Permanent Settlement Impact Loadings Low Spot Impaired Drainage Deterioration Rehabilitated

12 Ideal Adequate Strength and Support Minimize Deflections Reduce Permanent Deformations Waterproof Long-Life, Smooth Crossing

13 Consensus Goals -- Ideal Crossing Renewal Management Program Quality, Safe, Cost Effective, Stable, Smooth, Serviceable Minimum of Disruption 4 hr. train/8-12 hr. Highway closures Cooperative, Cost-Sharing, Minimum Expense

14 Planning Meeting Railroad Company and Governmental/Highway Agency Select Date Rail Volume/Schedule Highway Volume/Critical/Detours

15 Assign Responsibilities Highway Closure and Traffic Control Public Announcements/Notifications Railroad Curfew Temporary Crossing/Detour Track/Surface Remove and Replace Highway Paving

16 Share Cost Removal and Installation of Track and Crossing (Materials, Labor and Equipment) Traffic Control, Public Announcement, Highway Paving

17 FAST-TRACK CASE STUDIES COSTS AND ECONOMICS TESTS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES

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23 Waller Avenue #2 # T&S 2002 T&S 2007 S 2003 T&S 2006

24 Rosemont Garden #2 # T&S 2002 T&S 2007 S 2003 T&S 2006

25 KY 303 Condition prior to rebuild Removing old crossing 08:30 Began excavating Excavating trackbed and checking grade

26 Dumping asphalt 10:15 Spreading asphalt Compacting asphalt and dumping ballast Dumping and spreading ballast

27 Compacting ballast Positioning new panel Spreading cribbing rock 11:30 Tamping ballast

28 Regulating ballast 12:40 Compacting hand-spread approaches Finished compacting asphalt approaches 16:50 3 weeks later

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30 Costs and Economics Asphalt=$60/ton delivered ½ ton/tk ft (6 in. thick, 12 ft. wide) $30/tk ft X 80 ft = $2,400 Underlayment Crossing Renewal $10,000 $40,000

31 TESTS AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES Trackbed Pressure Surface Pressure Long-Term Settlement

32 Pressure Cell Geokon Model in. Diameter Strain Gage Snap-Master Thermistor Cell Placement on Asphalt

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34 Cell Location at Richmond

35 Pressure (psi) Pressure (psi) Loaded Coal Train at Richmond 30 P-Cell 819 Beneath Rail in Crib 30 P-Cell 820 Beneath Rail and Tie Axle Locomotives Initial 2 Cars Axle Locomotives Initial 2 Cars Time (s) P-Cell 821 C/L Track in Crib 2 6-Axle Locomotives Initial 2 Cars Pressure (psi) Pressure (psi) Time (s) P-Cell 822 C/L Track and Tie Axle Locomotives Initial 2 Cars Time (s) Time (s)

36 Pressure (psi) Pressure (psi) Loaded Auto Train at Richmond Axle Loco Axle Loco P-Cell 819 Beneath Rail in Crib 1 4-Axle Loco 1 4-Axle Loco Time (s) Initial 2 Cars P-Cell 821 C/L Track in Crib Initial 2 Cars Pressure (psi) Pressure (psi) Axle Loco Initial 2 Cars Axle Loco P-Cell 820 Beneath Rail and Tie 1 4-Axle Loco P-Cell 822 C/L Track and Tie 1 4-Axle Loco Time (s) Initial 2 Cars Time (s) Time (s)

37 Pressure (psi) Loaded Concrete Truck at Richmond 8 P-Cell 820 Beneath Rail and Tie Time (s)

38 Cell Location at Lackey Low Rail High Rail

39 Pressure (psi) Pressure (psi) Loaded Coal Train at Lackey 30 P-Cell 510 Beneath High Rail and Tie 30 P-Cell 511 Beneath High Rail and Tie 2 6-Axle Locomotives Initial 2 Cars Time (s) P-Cell 806 C/L Track and Tie 2 6-Axle Locomotives Initial 2 Cars Pressure (psi) Pressure (psi) Axle Locomotives Time (s) Initial 2 Cars P-Cell 207 Beneath Low Rail and Tie Time (s) Time (s)

40 Pressure (psi) Pressure (psi) Empty Coal Train at Lackey 30 P-Cell 510 Beneath High Rail and Tie 30 P-Cell 511 Beneath High Rail and Tie Axle Locomotives Time (s) Initial 2 Cars P-Cell 806 C/L Track and Tie 2 6-Axle Locomotives Initial 2 Cars Pressure (psi) Pressure (psi) Axle Locomotives Initial 2 Cars Time (s) P-Cell 207 Beneath Low Rail and Tie 2 6-Axle Locomotives Initial 2 Cars Time (s) Time (s)

41 Pressure (psi) Flat Wheel on an Empty Coal Train at Lackey P-Cell 511 Beneath Rail and Tie Axle Locomotives 95 Empty Cars Time (s)

42 Pressure (psi) Loaded Coal Truck at Lackey P-Cell 510 Beneath High Rail and Tie Time (s)

43 Matrix-based array of force sensitive cells Silver conductive electrodes Pressure sensitive ink Conductivity varies Crossing of ink strain gauge View of Tekscan Sensors Tekscan Measurement Configuration

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45 Rear Tires of Tractor of a 151,000 lb Loaded Coal Truck on Concrete Crossing of Kentucky Coal Terminal, Mile Post 6.6. May 25, lb 135 psi in^2

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47 Front Tire of a CSXT Suburban on Asphalt Parking Lot in Ashland Oil Company. May 25, lb 75 PSI in^2

48 Rear Tire of a CSXT Suburban on Asphalt Parking Lot in Ashland Oil Company. May 25, lb 81 PSI in^2

49 286,000 lb Typical Pressures on Asphalt 62,000 lb 180 lb 150,000 lb psi 2-4 psi 6 psi 125+ psi Loaded Empty Actual Loaded

50 Long-Term Trackbed Settlement

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52 Flag Spring

53 Elevation (ft) Top of Rail Elevations for Flagspring NO ASPHALT 100 5/13/02 7/25/02 6/09/03 2/10/04 2/2/2005 3/14/2006 WB Installed 5/13/2002 EB Station

54 Settlement (in.) Average Asphalt/Approach Settlement for Flag Spring (no underlayment) 2 Approaches Crossing Installed 5/13/ Time (Months)

55 KY Coal Terminal

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57 Elevation (ft) Top of Rail Elevations for KY Coal Terminal # 2 Track Installed 11/14/02 11/14/02 11/21/02 1/13/04 5/25/2004 4/13/ /20/2005 WB 99.5 EB Station

58 Settlement (in.) Average Asphalt/Approach Settlement for KY Coal Terminal # Approaches Crossing Installed 11/14/ Time (Months)

59 No name, KY 7

60 Elevation (ft) Average top of Rail Elevations for KY 7 - No Name Note: -Installed 10/14/2005 -South Approach Surfaced 10/18/2005 -New Rail West side Stations 1-6, 21-26, 5/7/07 10/17/ /7/ /19/2005 5/3/ /18/2006 5/3/ SB Asphalt Underlayment stations 8-21 (Bold Lines) NB Station

61 Settlement (in.) Average Asphalt/Approach Settlement for No Name Approaches Crossing Installed 10/14/ Time (months)

62 Stanley

63 Elevation (ft.) Average Top of Rail Elevations for US 60 Stanley Installed 5/16/ /16/2002 6/13/2002 8/28/2003 1/20/2004 7/12/2004 6/10/2005 2/13/ /16/ Station

64 Settlement (in.) Average Asphalt/Approach Settlement for US 60 Stanley Approaches Crossing Installed 5/16/ Time (Months)

65 Settlement Asphalt Crossings was 41% of non- Asphalt Crossings Settlement Asphalt Crossings was 44% of Abutting Approaches Settlement of Non-Asphalt Crossings & Approaches Similar

66 References AREMA (2002) Annual Conference TRB (2009) Annual Meeting KTC (2009) Reports F F F

67 Closure Current Practices Not All-Encompassing Typical Activities