Alternative driveline concepts Going for gas!

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1 Alternative driveline concepts Going for gas! MAN CNG Bus Presentation Robert Staimer Efficiency Consultant Lisbon, May 22nd

2 CITY BUS IN PERFECTION The new MAN Lion s City. Vehicle Technology and Sustainable Mobility Lisbon, May 22nd Ready for Euro 6d

3 Buses as Door opener Fleets of City buses as driver for CNG infrastructure 500 cars 15 buses Solution Increasing density of CNG filling station network and ensuring availability for the public < 3 >

4 CNG is a well known technology MAN: History - 70 years of gas bus experience Low floor CNG-Bus Typ A26, Euro VI 1994 Low floor CNG-Bus Typ A21, EEV 1992 Low floor CNG-Bus Typ A LNG-Bus first CNG-Bus in Germany, SL202 Low floor CNG-Bus Typ A LNG-truck, F2000 first MAN gas bus (city gas) CNG-truck, F2000 < 4 >

5 CNG is a well known technology Milestones in MAN CNG engine development Engine control- 1st generation Deltec/Woodward-System (Venturi-Gas mixer) 2nd eneration Bosch ME7-System (Gas injection 3rd generation Bosch EGC4-System (Gas injection) E 2866 DUH01 E 2866 DF01 E 2866 DUH03 E 2866 DUH04 Naturally aspirated Lambda =1 E 2866 LUH02 E 2876 LUH02 ATL- lean burn, lean burn/mix E 2866 DOH01 E 2866 DUH02 Euro II-engines E 2876 LUH03/04 E 2876 LUH07/08 Euro III-engines ATL- Lambda=1 Euro5/EEV-engines Euro IV-engines Euro VI-engines E 2866 LUH01 E 2876 LUH01 E 0836 LOH01/02/03 E 0836 LOH04/05/ < 5 >

6 Alternative driveline concepts E2876 LUH horizontal CNG engine < 6 >

7 Alternative driveline concepts E2876 LUH characteristics general E 2876 LUH combustion principle 4-stroke Otto, turbocharged and intercharged, Lambda=1 number of cylinders, placement 6 in line, flat bore, stroke mm 128 / 166 displacement l 12,8 compression ratio 10,5 :1 power and torque 1) max. power kw at rated speed 1/min 2000 max. torque Nm at speed 1/min fuel consumption 2) min. spec. fuel consumption g/kwh exhaust gas emissions 3) exhaust gas standard Euro VI 1) nach 1999/99/EG 2) bezogen auf Nürnberger Erdgas 3) gemessen im WHTC (World-wide Harmonised Transient Cycle ) also: electronical sequential gas injection power control via electrically driven butterfly valve transistor ignition system with stationary high voltage distribution and knock sensor watercooled exhaust gas manifold < 7 >

8 Alternative driveline concepts E2876 LUH characteristics E 2876 LUH power and torque 1) max. power kw at rated speed 1/min 2000 max. torque Nm at speed 1/min fuel consumption 2) E 2876 LUH07 E 2876 LUH08 min. spec. Fuel consumption exhaust emission 3) exhaust gas standard 1) acc. to 1999/99/EG g/kwh Euro VI 2) related to Nuremburg gas quality 3) WHTC (World-wide Harmonised Transient Cycle) Specific fuel consumption related to Nuremburg gas quality < 8 >

9 Alternative driveline concepts E0836 LOH vertical CNG engines < 9 >

10 Alternative driveline concepts E0836 LOH characteristics general E 0836 LOH combustion principle number of cylinders, placement 4-stroke Otto, turbocharged and intercooled, Lambda=1 6 in line, vertical bore, stroke mm 108 / 125 displacement l 6,9 compression ratio 11:1 power and torque 1) max. power kw at rated speed 1/min 2000 max. torque Nm at speed 1/min fuel consumption 2) min. spec. fuel consumption g/kwh also: electronical sequential gas injection exhaust gas emission 3) exhaust gas standard 1) acc. to 1999/99/EG 2) Related to Nuremburg gas quality 3) WHTC (World-wide Harmonised Transient Cycle) Euro VI power control via electrically driven butterfly valve transistor ignition system with stationary high voltage distribution and knock sensor watercooled exhaust gas manifold < 10 >

11 CNG The simple Euro6 solution Euro 6 strategies: Diesel & CNG comparison Euro 6 Diesel requires EGR & SCR technologies to be combined: Euro 6 CNG only requires 3-way catalyst! - No AdBlue required - HC- and CO-oxidation, NO-reduction < 11 >

12 CNG far below Euro6 limits Emissionen E2876LUH 07 WHTC Euro 6 10,0 10,00 10,00 Emissionen 8,0 6,0 4,0 4,00 EURO VI (WHTC - Grenzwert) E 2876 LUH07 7,12 6,00 * 2,0 0,0 2,14 1,25 0,28 0,50 0,46 0,160,02 0,22 0,38 CO NMHC Methan NOx Partikel NH3 Partikelzahl g/kwh g/kwh g/kwh g/kwh mg/kwh ppm 10E11 WHTC = World-wide Harmonised Transient Cycle Weighting: 14% cold + 86 % warm Test gas: G25, Emission levels including deterioration factor * From 09/2014 the particle limit is to be fulfilled < 12 >

13 CO 2 emissions of different technologies Environmental Aspects Greenhouse gas emissions WTW in gr CO2 e /km compressed gas compressed renewable methane compressed gas compressed renewable methane source: DENA 2015 < 13 >

14 Future or present technology? Natural gas production from renewable energy: Power-to-Gas < 14 >

15 Future or present technology? Natural gas production from renewable energy: Power-to-Gas < 15 >

16 Alternative driveline concepts CNG storage systems range calculation < 16 >

17 Alternative driveline concepts MAN CNG City Bus portfolio Also available as Lion`s City L LE with 2 or 3 doors 2) Height with standard CNG storage system 3) Height with optional CNG storage system 4) Also available as Lion`s City G LE with 2 or 3 doors 5) Also available as Lion`s City GL LE with 2 or 3 doors < 17 >

18 Alternative driveline concepts MAN CNG chassis portfolio 1) 12 m low floor chassis - solobus 2) 18 / 18,75 m low floor chassis articulated bus 3) 12 m low entry chassis - solobus < 18 >

19 Alternative drive line concepts Euro 6 strategies / Diesel vs. CNG < 19 >

20 CNG Sales Sales of CNG buses & engines ( ) Gas-Bus Sales (units) Turkey 1,409 Sweden 1,315 Germany 847 Spain 713 Netherlands 559 Norway 369 Portugal 294 Australia 240 France 163 Hungary 155 Italy 154 Bulgary 126 Poland 80 Luxembourg 63 Georgia 48 UK 37 Finland 31 Gas-Engine Sales (units) Iran 2,100 Russia 580 Turkey 300 Σ ~ 9,700 sold units from 2000 to 2017, thereof ~ 3,000 engines Shown sales markets > 10 sold units < 20 >

21 CNG bus & engine sales worldwide CNG sales by MAN complete bus sales markets complete units & engines Sales successes: almost gas buses & engines sold forecast: increasing demand up to 20% market share < 21 >

22 Biogas as clean as E-Mobility Solutions MAN CNG buses in Sweden using biomethane MAN CNG-buses are capable to use processed biogas (in accordance with gas quality standard DIN 51624) Almost 1,000 MAN CNG-buses are in service in 23 cities in Sweden < 22 >

23 Alternative driveline concepts Summary Actual study carried out by Belicon / University Landshut (Germany) proves that CNG vehicles operated with Biomethane are the best choice < 23 >

24 Alternative driveline concepts Summary GAS - the only public transport solutions that is: Reliable Clean CO 2 neutral with biogas Affordable < 24 >