Table of Content 1 Technical Description... 3

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1 Page: 2 of 15 Table of Content 1 Technical Description General Description Swivel & Gearbox Assembly Suspension System Drilling Motor Assembly AC Drilling Motor DC Drilling Motor Hydraulic Drilling Motor Pipehandler Assembly Torque Wrench IBOP (Kelly valve) Actuator System IBOP & Saver Sub System Weight Compensating System Elevator (If equipped) Elevator Links (If equipped) Service Loop & Mud Hose Control Valve Unit Electrical Control System Handling Cradle Dolly (depending on model) Riser Handling System (If equipped, depending on model)... 15

2 Page: 3 of 15 1 Technical Description 1.1 General Description This document is valid for all PTD and DDM Top Drives, and will provide basic knowledge about main modules and functions on a typical Aker Solutions Top Drive. The Top Drive is designed with a continuous shaft from the mud swivel through the gearbox and Pipehandler, with the load hangoff nut at the lower end. The load rating is thereby obtained through the shaft without threaded connections. Vertical mounted motor/ motors are used as drivers for the gearbox. If necessary a local motor cooling system is installed. The Pipehandler has a rotation facility for 360 degrees continuous rotation (CW/CCW). This means that the elevator can be position in any direction. In addition Pipehandler rotation can also be used for spinning in drill collars etc. The Torque Wrench is attached to the Pipehandler, and is used for making and breaking of connections. The Top Drive is designed with mud pipe(s pipe)-, junction box-, and Service Loop manifold-arrangement. The Service Loop length, placement of manifold in derrick and mud pipe connection is normally project specific. A Dolly connects the Top Drive to the guide rails/torque tube. This acts as a guide and transfers all drilling torque to the structure. Typical Top Drive design

3 Page: 4 of Swivel & Gearbox Assembly The rotary mud swivel is complete with wash pipe, gooseneck and mud pipe (S-pipe). The gooseneck is equipped with a threaded plug for wire line entry. The mud pipe is welded directly to the gooseneck. The mud pipe lower end terminates in a hammer lug union, for connection to the mud hose. The swivel has a tapered roller type main load bearing. There are normally two straight roller bearings for radial loads, one above and one below the main load bearing. To support upward thrust a plain axial bearing is fitted. On some model the upper plain roller bearings are replaced by a conical roller bearing. The swivel housing and gearbox are equipped with temperature sensors. An alarm will be activated if the temperature exceeds the actual set points. The swivel housing and gearbox also have oil level inspection glass for visual control of lubrication oil levels. The wash pipe packing is cartridge type with alternate metal spacer rings and packer rings, and can be replaced as a complete unit. Main shaft has a load carrying nut for transferring the load from the link hanger to the main shaft. The shaft s lower end has a threaded connection for connection to the intermediate sub or IBOP. The swivel & gearbox is complete with gear lock and the interface towards various modules such as drive motors, Dolly, Suspension system etc. While the swivel is lubricated only through splash lubrication the gearbox is force fed lubricated by an external mounted oil pump. The gearbox circuit includes a filter and a pressure transmitter in order to give an alarm if the oil pressure drops too low. On most swivel & gearbox units a separate oil cooling unit can be installed (optional). The cooling unit consists of a fan and a pump both driven by the same hydraulic motor, a radiator, a filter unit and a control valve assembly for the hydraulic motor. Activation of the cooling system is automatic, based on the oil temperature. On some models pressure measurement are used for filter monitoring and high pressure guard for the circuit. For technical data ref. User manual, document SA , Main Data. Typical designs for Swivel & Gearbox

4 Page: 5 of Suspension System The Suspension system connects the Top Drive to the hoisting system, and can be of various types. The different types are Connection links with various travelling block adapters, bail, and connection links with lifting yoke. The Suspension system transfers the weight of the Top Drive and connected drill string to the hoisting system. For technical data ref. User manual, document SA , Main Data. Typical designs for Suspension system

5 Page: 6 of Drilling Motor Assembly One or more vertical drilling motors power the Top Drive. These can be hydraulic or electrically powered, and are designed for installation in hazardous area, Zone AC Drilling Motor AC motors, of the squirrel cage induction type, are the main choice for drilling motors. These motors are well suited for operation in a possible EX- atmosphere. Since there are no brushes, there is low chance for sparks. Motor control are solved by using a Variable Frequency Drive (VFD). The motor is normally equipped with a space heater, a RPM sensor, temperature sensors, and can be equipped with an air brake system. The AC drilling motor is equipped with a separate cooling motor/fan assembly at the non drive end. The cooling motor can be either directly of VFD driven. Depending on the IP classification of the drilling motor, the airflow runs either past external cooling ribs or through motor via an air duct assembly. The bottom shaft end of the drilling motor is equipped with a flexible coupling for easy connection to the pinion gear DC Drilling Motor DC motors has a long history as drilling motor, due to low cost and ease of control. To be able to use a DC motor in a possible EX- atmosphere, we must prevent EX- atmosphere inside the motor and prevent sparks to leave the motor housing. This is done either with a closed overpressure system, or by ducting of air combined with a spark arrestor. Typical AC motor configuration The closed cooling system consists of air ducts with water to air heat exchangers, filters and motor/fan assembly. The cooling motor can be driven either directly or by VFD. The purge/overpressure system is designed to remove any potential explosive atmosphere that may be present in the motor housing. This method of protection works by purging the housing for explosive gasses before applying the electrical power, and maintaining overpressure in the cooling system during operation. The open cooling system consists of air ducts, filters, outlet air spark arrestor and motor/fan assembly. The cooling motor can be driven either directly or by VFD. The inlet air is ducted from safe zone to avoid any potential explosive atmosphere inside the motor housing. The motor is equipped with a space heater, a RPM sensor, temperature sensors and can be equipped with an air brake system. The bottom shaft end of the drilling motor is equipped with a flexible coupling for easy connection to the pinion gear. Typical DC motor configuration

6 Page: 7 of Hydraulic Drilling Motor Hydraulic motors provide high power output, compared to motor volume and weight. The motors are well suited for EX- atmosphere, and there is no need for local cooling system. To power the hydraulic Top Drive there is need for closed loop hydraulic system, with high flow and pressure capacity. This creates the need for a dedicated Top Drive HPU. The motor can be of both fixed and variable displacement type. The variable displacement motor is controlled by the control system, and is used for selecting gears. HPU control determines Top Drive speed and available torque. The motor can be equipped with an air brake system. The motors are bolted to the adapter and engaged to the drive wheel by spline connections. Access to the drives wheels, bearings and seals is possible by removing the motors. Typical hydraulic motor For technical data ref. User manual, document SA , Main Data.

7 Page: 8 of Pipehandler Assembly All the functions of the Pipehandler including Torque Wrench, IBOP etc., are remote operated. The Pipehandler has a rotation facility for 360 degrees continuous rotation, and a link tilt system for positioning of the elevator. The Pipehandler has an auto position stop function, normally orientated so that elevator opening is towards the pipe handling system. Some Pipehandlers can also be equipped with a pulse encoder that indicates degrees rotation. This enables the auto position to be reconfigured. The link tilt system has the functionality to keep the elevator in any position from vertical, to fully extended position (pick up mode). During drilling the link tilt design allows the elevator to be lifted up and backwards (drilling mode) far enough for the Top Drive to be able to drill down close to drill floor, without any manual handling of the elevator. The link tilt stop function has the facility for stopping the elevator in all positions when picking up drill pipes. Link tilt speed is remote controlled from the operator panel. The Pipehandler includes a swivel coupling for transfer of oil and air from the fixed part to the rotating part of the Top Drive. For technical data ref. User manual, document SA , Main Data. Typical designs for Pipehandler

8 Page: 9 of Torque Wrench The Torque Wrench is attached to the Pipehandler, and is used for making and breaking of connections. In make-up mode the required torque can be pre-selected from the operator panel. The control system provides automatic repetition of the make-up sequence until required torque is obtained, when the torque wrench is operated in auto mode. Dependent of Top Drive and Torque Wrench model, the height of the Torque Wrench can be adjusted to perform make up/break out for connections between: Saver Sub and drill pipe lower IBOP and saver sub upper IBOP and lower IBOP (IBOP mechanism has to be removed) The Torque Wrench is complete with upper clamp jaws for saver sub, and lower clamp jaws for drill pipe. All jaws are complete with dies. Jaw- setup can be adjusted to adapt to different outer diameters. A guide funnel is mounted at lower end of torque wrench to provide easy stab-in of pipe. A heavy-duty rubber insert prevents metallic contact between the Torque Wrench and the drill string. Typical Torque Wrench For technical data ref. User manual, document SA , Main Data.

9 Page: 10 of IBOP (Kelly valve) Actuator System The system consists of hydraulic cylinders with guide head at the piston end, and a cam sleeve with a hexagonal crank that mate with the IBOP-valve. When cylinder is activated the cam sleeve is lifted/ lowered. Resulting in closing/opening of IBOPvalve Typical IBOP Actuator system 1.8 IBOP & Saver Sub System The IBOP & Saver Sub system normally consists of the following items: One intermediate sub for connection to the Top Drive main shaft (depending on model). One upper IBOP remote operated. One lower IBOP manual operated. One saver sub for connection to the drillpipe. For technical data ref. User manual, document SA , Main Data. Typical IBOP & Saver Sub setup

10 Page: 11 of Weight Compensating System The main purpose of the Weight Compensating system is to minimize the stress/ load on the drill pipe threads when connecting the Top Drive to the drill pipe. When system is activated the weight of the Top Drive itself is taken by the cylinders, and a cushioning effect between stick up and Saver Sub is obtained. System comprises hydraulic cylinders with necessary chain-connections links and brackets. Depending on model: Compensator cylinder may be equipped with a position sensor in order to monitor its position, when performing spin in/spin out operations. For technical data ref. User manual, document SA , Main Data. Typical design for Weight Compensating system

11 Page: 12 of Elevator (If equipped) The Top Drive can be equipped with a hydraulic, pneumatic or manual operated elevator, with replaceable bushings to handle various styles and sizes of tubular. If remote operated elevators are used, hose kits for various elevator link lengths are available upon request. Some elevators are equipped with a rotator, for easier manipulation of elevator orientation. Hence easier connection to tubular. For technical data ref. User manual, document SA , Main Data. Typical elevator 1.11 Elevator Links (If equipped) All Top Drive link hangers are designed for the use of standard API rated elevator links. Elevator links are used to connect the elevator to the Top Drive. Various types of elevator links, with various load ratings are available. For technical data ref. User manual, document SA , Main Data. Typical elevator links

12 Page: 13 of Service Loop & Mud Hose The Service Loop consists of: Main loop: Supply for drilling motors. Auxiliary loop: Supply for auxiliary motors (depending on model). Instrument loops. Hydraulic supply for Pipehandler functions (depending on model). Pneumatic supply for Pipehandler functions (depending on model). Mud hose (if part of delivery). The service loops are terminated in a manifold on the Top Drive and in the derrick. The mud hose is connected to the mud pipe on the Top Drive, and connected to gooseneck in derrick. For technical data ref. User manual, document SA , Main Data Control Valve Unit The Control Valve Unit is an assembly of valves and instruments. The purpose is remote controlling of all the hydraulic and pneumatic functions, as well as instrumentation for monitoring. The components are mounted in a steel cabinet or rack. For technical data ref. User manual, document SA , Main Data. Typical Control Valve Unit

13 Page: 14 of Electrical Control System The PLC based Electrical Control system, is used to control and monitor all Top Drive functions, interlocks, warnings and alarms. Functions are controlled either from an operator panel, or from an Intelligent Operator Chair (IOC). For technical data ref. User manual, document SA , Main Data and SA , Control System Functional description Handling Cradle A special-made cradle is designed for handling the Top Drive during transportation, storage and installation. A lifting sling is included for lifting and handling operations. For details ref. User manual, document KA , Handling and Lifting Procedure Dolly (depending on model) The Dolly is designed for supporting and guiding of the Top Drive, and is mounted between the Top Drive and the guide rails/torque tube. The Dolly is mounted directly, or via an intermediate frame to the Top Drive. The Dolly is complete with rollers/pads, in order to transfer torque and guide the Top Drive along the rail/ torque tube. There are three main Dolly types: integrated, fixed and retractable. The integrated Dolly and the fixed Dolly will guide the Top Drive at a fixed distance directly above the well center. The retractable Dolly is equipped with a retract function that makes it possible to retract the Top Drive away from well center when running up and down the derrick. Typical handling cradle Depending on model, the retract cylinders can be equipped with positioning sensors in order to monitor the position of the Top Drive relatively to the well center, when retracting/extending. For technical data ref. User manual, document SA , Main Data. Typical retractable Dolly

14 Page: 15 of Riser Handling System (If equipped, depending on model) The Riser Handling system consists of three main parts: 1. Cylinder Bracket (ref. A1. Fixed to Pipehandler) 2. Riser Handling tool cylinder (ref. B1. Removable) 3. Riser Running tool (ref. C1. Removable) The Riser Handling system is designed for lifting and handling of Riser Running tool. The Riser Handling tool cylinder allows the operator to tilt the Riser Running tool to align it with the Riser prior to lifting. The Riser Handling system is to be applied only together with elevator links, hanging directly on link hanger. If the Top Drive is equipped with Knuckle links, they must be removed before Riser Handling operations. During normal drilling operations, Riser Handling tool cylinder and Riser Running tool are dismounted from the Top Drive. Typical Riser Handling System