LOS ANGELES COUNTY SHERIFF S DEPARTMENT

Transcription

1 LOS ANGELES COUNTY SHERIFF S DEPARTMENT LAW ENFORCEMENT VEHICLE TEST AND EVALUATION PROGRAM VEHICLE MODEL YEAR 2006 LEROY D. BACA, SHERIFF

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Introduction 1-2 Test Protocol 3-8 POLICE PACKAGE VEHICLES Vehicle Specifications Lap High Speed Evaluation Results Pursuit Course Evaluation Results Brake Test Results Acceleration Results Heat Test Results Fuel Efficiency Evaluation Results Ergonomics Evaluation Results Mechanical Evaluation Results Communication Evaluation Results SPECIAL SERVICE PACKAGE VEHICLES 2006 Ford Expedition Evaluation TIRE EVALUATION Pirelli Winter 240 Sotto Zero P235/55R17 Evaluation

3 2006 MODEL YEAR VEHICLE TEST On October 12 & 13, 2005, vehicle testing was performed at the Los Angeles County Sheriff s Department s Emergency Vehicle Operation Center in Pomona, California. Daimler Chrysler, General Motors, and Ford all submitted vehicles in the Police Package category. Police Package vehicles have been identified by the manufacturers as pursuit vehicles. Ford also submitted a vehicle in the Special Service category. Special Service vehicles are not rated as pursuit vehicles. All of the vehicles submitted, either as a police pursuit vehicle, or as a special service vehicle, completed the test satisfactorily, without incident. Additionally, the Pirelli Winter 240 Sotto Zero P235/55R17 snow tire was evaluated. The tire was mounted on a 2006 Crown Victoria Police Interceptor with the 3.27 differential. This tire completed the test satisfactorily, without incident. The vehicles submitted for evaluation were all 2006 model years, and are identified below. HIGH SPEED POLICE PACKAGE VEHICLE CATEGORY: Chevrolet Impala: Full size, 4 door sedan, front wheel drive, 3.9 liter V-6 engine, a 4 Speed automatic transmission with overdrive, and a 3.29 axle ratio. Chevrolet Tahoe: Full size, 4 door sport utility, rear wheel drive, 5.3 liter V-8 engine, a 4 speed automatic transmission with overdrive, and a 3.73 axle ratio. Chevrolet Tahoe (E-85): Full size, 4 door sport utility, rear wheel drive, 5.3 liter V-8 engine, a 4 speed automatic transmission with overdrive, and a 3.73 axle ratio. Dodge Charger V-6: Full size, 4 door sedan, rear wheel drive, 3.5 liter V-6 engine, a 5 speed automatic electronic transmission and a 2.87 axle ratio. Dodge Charger V-8: Full size, 4 door sedan, rear wheel drive, 5.7 liter V-8 Hemi engine, a 5 speed automatic electronic transmission and a 2.82 axle ratio. Dodge Magnum V-6: Full size, 4 door wagon, rear wheel drive, 3.5 liter V-6 engine, a 5 speed automatic electronic transmission and a 2.87 axle ratio. Page 3

4 CONTINUED - HIGH SPEED POLICE PACKAGE VEHICLE CATEGORY: Dodge Magnum V-8: Full size, 4 door wagon, rear wheel drive, 5.7 liter V-8 Hemi engine, a 5 speed automatic electronic transmission and a 2.82 axle ratio. Ford Crown Victoria 3.27 Full size, 4 door sedan, rear wheel drive, 4.6 Liter V-8 engine, a 4 speed automatic transmission with overdrive, and a 3.27 axle ratio. Ford Crown Victoria 3.55 Full size, 4 door sedan, rear wheel drive, 4.6 Liter V-8 engine, a 4 speed automatic transmission with overdrive, and a 3.55 axle ratio. SPECIAL SERVICE VEHICLE CATEGORY: Ford Expedition Full size, 4 door sport utility, rear wheel drive, 5.4 liter V-8 engine, a 4 speed automatic transmission with overdrive, and a 3.73 axle ratio. Page 4

5 TEST PROTOCOL PRELIMINARY HANDLING AND TEST DRIVER'S Page 5

6 SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION This test is conducted on a high speed driving course. It is designed to evaluate, identify and eliminate the obvious unacceptable vehicles (i.e., those vehicles that are demonstrably unstable or otherwise exhibit unsafe characteristics). For this test, four drivers are utilized for each vehicle. Each driver completes eight laps around our 1.57 mile test track at the Los Angeles County Fairplex in Pomona, for a total of 32 timed laps. Lap timing is via a "HOT LAP," digital-infrared timing device, mounted in the vehicle. The fastest and the slowest lap times are eliminated, the remaining 6 lap times are averaged. The average time and speed are recorded next to the drivers name. Four Emergency Vehicle Operations Center driver training instructors, two each from the Los Angeles County Sheriff s Department and Los Angeles Police Department share the driving and evaluation of these vehicles. At the conclusion of the preliminary handling portion of the test, each driver completes a "Drivers Subjective Evaluation" form. If the test vehicle is judged unacceptable in this preliminary review, it is rejected and not subject to further testing and evaluation. ACCELERATION PERFORMANCE TEST This test is designed to measure vehicle performance in terms of acceleration, including speed and time elapsed at the quarter mile. Although the top speed is not recorded, a minimum of 100 MPH is generally obtained to satisfy the requirements for high speed law enforcement patrol. All of the information gathered during the acceleration and subsequent brake test is gathered using a DATRON SPEED SENSOR. This electronic device measures distance, time and speed. The Datron Speed Sensor is lap top computer driven and is the same type used by most major automobile manufacturers in conducting their vehicle evaluations BRAKE TEST Page 6

7 This test procedure measures the braking response and efficiency of the vehicle. The test is conducted immediately following the preliminary handling test (32 laps). This ensures that the brakes are tested after being driven at high speeds, thus simulating the actual operating conditions experienced by the officer in the field. The test is conducted by first accelerating the vehicle to 80 MPH, then decelerating to a stop, maintaining an average deceleration rate of 22 feet per second. This procedure is repeated three additional times. At this point, a five minute stationary cool down period occurs. The vehicle is then accelerated to a speed of 60 MPH and decelerated at the maximum deceleration rate attainable before the onset of ABS. After a two minute delay, the 60 MPH procedure is repeated again. As soon as the vehicle has stopped, it is immediately accelerated to 60 MPH and then stopped as quickly as possible, simulating a panic stop. That stopping distance is measured and recorded. If a brake malfunction is experienced (i.e., severe fading or inability to stop in a straight line,) an effort is made to detect the cause of the brake failure. If it is decided that the failure is inherent in the engineering of the brake system of the vehicle, the test is discontinued and the vehicle is disqualified from further testing. If the failure is associated with a correctable situation, it is corrected and the test is rerun. The defect and any remedial action taken are noted in the test results. PURSUIT COURSE This test is for those vehicles equipped with a factory installed POLICE PACKAGE and identified by the manufacturer as pursuit vehicles. This test is conducted on a closed 2.45 mile city street course which closely represents the environment most urban law enforcement emergency response vehicles must contend with. The course has virtually no straight-a-ways and consists of right and left hand turns and obstacles in the road way. This is the final test during our road certification and the manufacturer s, if they so choose, are allowed to rebuild the vehicle s brake system prior to this test. For this test, two drivers are utilized for each vehicle. Each driver completes two laps around the city or pursuit course. Lap timing is via a "HOT LAP," digital-infrared timing device, mounted in the car. The combined times of the two laps are recorded next to the driver's name. If the test vehicle is unable to complete the course in under 4 minutes and 45 seconds, it is judged unacceptable for high speed law enforcement use. HEAT TEST Page 7

8 Today's modern exhaust emission and computer monitored automobile is designed to operate at much higher temperatures than vehicles from the 1970's and 1980's. Scientific breakthroughs in metallurgy and lubrication compositions allow the modern engine to operate at temperatures formerly thought to be detrimental. A vehicle from the 1970 era usually exceeded 180 degrees' water temperature under normal driving conditions and generally overheated at 212 degrees. Today, modern engines operate safely between 200 to 260 degrees. Our heat testing is a "PASS-FAIL" scenario and is based on manufacturers allowable operating temperatures. Heat from each engine component is measured by means of a digital thermometer. A bi-metallic probe from the thermometer is inserted into the component fluids at the conclusion of the 32 high speed laps. This process is accomplished in the following manner: 1. Transmission Fluid The probe is inserted into the transmission via the dip stick hole, or in the case of the Dodge Hemi engines, the measurement is taken from the vehicle s sensors via the ALDL connector. 2. Engine Oil The probe is inserted into the oil pan via the dip stick hole. 3. Power Steering The probe is inserted into the pump reservoir fluid. 4. Radiator Coolant Due to newer vehicles having closed coolant systems, the coolant temperatures are taken from the vehicle s sensors through the ALDL connector. 5. Outside Air Temperature is measured away from the vehicle and in direct sunlight. TIRE TEST Each of our structured high speed test procedures are performed with factory equipped speed rated tires. We recognize the need for an alternative tire for standard patrol duty and for special conditions caused by terrain and weather. During our tire test phase we evaluate the construction, design, road handling abilities, wear patterns and durability of tires submitted for testing by the vehicle manufacturers. For a tire to be certified for high speed law enforcement use it must successfully perform through 32 laps of high speed driving on our 1.57 mile road course, a non-recorded Brake Test and finally 2 laps through our high speed Pursuit Course. FUEL EFFICIENCY TEST Page 8

9 While EPA mileage estimates may be helpful for comparative purposes, they are based on simulated driving conditions. The fuel efficiency evaluation is an attempt to estimate MPG (miles per gallon) based on actual driving conditions. Each vehicle is driven through a 100 mile loop twice, each time by a different driver. The loop is divided equally into urban, suburban, and freeway driving conditions. The vehicle is operated with the air conditioner and headlights "turned on" and with the transmission selector in the overdrive position. No attempt is made to "baby" the vehicle through the loop, but hard acceleration starts are avoided. The test results are averaged between the two drivers and recorded. ERGONOMICS EVALUATION This subjective evaluation is a rating of human factors and space utilization done individually and independently by several Deputy Sheriffs from this Department. The ratings are averaged to minimize personal prejudices that individuals may have for, or against any given vehicle. This evaluation rates each vehicle comparatively for its general suitability and efficiency for patrol operations or other specific functions in a Department's operations. MECHANICAL EVALUATION The mechanical evaluation (performed by mechanics employed by the Sheriff's Department's fleet maintenance contractor) evaluates the day to day serviceability and maintenance of the vehicle. Major consideration is given toward the accessibility and ease of repair of component parts for the purpose of obtaining a predictive evaluation of the time, ease, and cost of major repairs. The specific factors considered in evaluating each component are enumerated on the Mechanical Evaluation form. COMMUNICATIONS EVALUATION Page 9

10 The communications evaluation of each vehicle is conducted by technicians assigned to the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department's Communications and Fleet Management Bureau. This evaluation concerns itself with the radio installation, the effect of radio operation on vehicle performance and the effect of the vehicle on radio performance. The Electromagnetic Interference Susceptibility test is intended for use in the presence of electromagnetic fields resulting from use of public safety two way radios. Vehicle performance must not be affected in any way by transmissions from a radio and antenna installed in the vehicle and operating in any of the frequency ranges of 30 to 50 MHz, 450 to 512 MHz, and 800 to 900 MHz, and having a radio frequency output no less than 100 watts. Vehicle performance shall not be effected by the presence of another vehicle equipped with the above described radio and operated next to the subject vehicle. Radiated and conducted electromagnetic interference vehicle systems and accessories shall be designed to reduce interference with the use of public safety radio receivers or electronic sirens or sound amplifiers. The effective sensitivity of a receiver installed in the vehicle shall not be reduced by more than the amount tabulated below for each frequency band: FREQUENCY BAND ALLOWABLE DEGRADATION 30 to 50 MHz 15 db 150 to 174 MHz 5 db 450 to 512 MHz 3 db 800 to 900 MHz 3 db Degradation is the difference in effective receiver sensitivity measured with the vehicle engine and accessories turned off as compared to that measured with the engine and accessories turned on. Sensitivity is measured in terms of the 12 db Sinad signal as defined in E1A Standard RS-204. To determine effective sensitivity, the receiver is connected to the antenna through an isolating tee connector which allows introduction of the signal generator through the isolated port. Comparative signal strength readings are then taken with and without the interference present. Page 10

11 VEHICLE SPECIFICATIONS POLICE PACKAGE VEHICLES VEHICLE SPECIFICATIONS Page 11

12 2006 CHEVROLET IMPALA Vehicle Description: Full size, 4 door sedan, front wheel drive, Police Package vehicle Engine: 3.9lL / V-6 Horsepower: 5200 RPM Torque : 4800 RPM Axle Ratio: 3.29 Curb Weight: 3588 lbs Alternator Output: 150 Amp Battery: 750 CCA Transmission: 4 Speed automatic with overdrive Suspension, Front: Independent McPherson strut, coil spring, stabilizer bar Rear: Independent tri-link, coil spring over strut, and stabilizer bar Brakes, Front: 11.9 inch vented disc Rear: 10.9 inch solid disc Tires: Pirelli P225/60R16 AL3 Wheels: 16 x 6.5 inch steel Fuel Tank Capacity: 17 gallons EPA Fuel Mileage: City - 19 mpg Highway - 27 mpg Seats, Front: High density foam bucket, 6 way power, manual lumbar Rear: Vinyl with high density foam bench Exterior Dimension: Length 16.7 feet Width 6.07 feet Height 4.89 feet Head Room: Front inches Rear inches Hip Room: Front inches Rear inches Leg Room: Front inches Rear inches Trunk: 18.6 cubic foot VEHICLE SPECIFICATIONS Page 12

13 2006 CHEVROLET TAHOE Vehicle Description: Full size, 4 door sport utility, rear wheel drive, Police Package vehicle Engine: 5.3L / V-8 Horsepower: 5200 RPM Torque : 4000 RPM Axle Ratio: 3.73 Curb Weight: 5007 lbs Alternator Output: 160 Amp Battery: 770 CCA Transmission: 4 Speed automatic with overdrive Suspension, Front: Independent, single lower A-arm torsion bar, and stabilizer bar Rear: Multi link, coil spring, and stabilizer bar Brakes, Front: 12.0 inch vented disc Rear: 13.0 inch vented disc Tires: General P255/70R16 Police radial Wheels: 16 x 6.5 steel Fuel Tank Capacity: 26 gallons EPA Fuel Mileage: City - 15 mpg Highway - 20 mpg Seats, Front: Front heavy duty cloth bucket, high back with inboard arm rest Rear: Rear vinyl with high density foam bench Exterior Dimension: Length feet Width 6.56 feet Height 6.00 feet Head Room: Front 40.7 inches Rear 39.4 inches Hip Room: Front 61.4 inches Rear 61.3 inches Leg Room: Front 41.3 inches Rear 38.6 inches Rear Cargo: 63.6 cubic foot VEHICLE SPECIFICATIONS Page 13

14 2006 CHEVROLET TAHOE - E85 Vehicle Description: Full size, 4 door sport utility, rear wheel drive, Police Package vehicle Engine: 5.3L / V-8 Horsepower: 5200 RPM Torque : 4000 RPM Axle Ratio: 3.73 Curb Weight: 5007 lbs Alternator Output: 160 Amp Battery: 770 CCA Transmission: 4 Speed automatic with overdrive Suspension, Front: Independent, single lower A-arm torsion bar, and stabilizer bar Rear: Multi link, coil spring, and stabilizer bar Brakes, Front: 12 inch vented disc Rear: 13 inch vented disc Tires: General P255/70R16 Police radial Wheels: 16 x 6.5 steel Fuel Tank Capacity: 26 gallons EPA Fuel Mileage: City - 15 mpg Highway - 20 mpg Seats, Front: Front heavy duty cloth bucket, high back with inboard arm rest Rear: Rear vinyl with high density foam bench Exterior Dimension: Length feet Width 6.56 feet Height 6.00 feet Head Room: Front 40.7 inches Rear 39.4 inches Hip Room: Front 61.4 inches Rear 61.3 inches Leg Room: Front 41.3 inches Rear 38.6 inches Rear Cargo: 63.6 cubic foot VEHICLE SPECIFICATIONS Page 14

15 2006 DODGE CHARGER V-6 Vehicle Description: Full size, 4 door sedan, rear wheel drive, Police Package vehicle Engine: 3.5l / V-6 Horsepower: 6400 RPM Torque : 3800 RPM Axle Ratio: 2.87 Curb Weight: 4007 lbs Alternator Output: 160 Amp Battery: 800 CCA Transmission: 5 Speed electronic automatic Suspension, Front: Independent high arm SLA with dual ball joint lower, coil spring, and sway bar Rear: Independent multi-link, coil spring, and sway bar Brakes, Front: 13.6 inch vented disc Rear: 13.8 inch vented disc Tires: Continental P225/60R18 99V Pro Contact Wheels: 18 x 7.5 inch steel Fuel Tank Capacity: 19 gallons EPA Fuel Mileage: City - 19 mpg Highway - 27 mpg Seats, Front: Heavy duty cloth bucket Rear: Vinyl bench Exterior Dimension: Length feet Width 6.21 feet Height 4.85 feet Head Room: Front inches Rear inches Hip Room: Front inches Rear inches Leg Room: Front inches Rear inches Trunk: 16.2 cubic foot VEHICLE SPECIFICATIONS Page 15

16 2006 DODGE CHARGER V-8 Vehicle Description: Full size, 4 door sedan, rear wheel drive, Police Package vehicle Engine: 5.7L / V-8 Horsepower: 5000 RPM Torque : 4000 RPM Axle Ratio: 2.82 Curb Weight: lbs Alternator Output: 160 Amp Battery: 800 CCA Transmission: 5 Speed electronic automatic Suspension, Front: Independent high arm SLA with dual ball joint lower, coil spring, and sway bar Rear: Independent multi-link, coil spring, and sway bar Brakes, Front: 13.6 inch vented disc Rear: 13.8 inch vented disc Tires: Continental P225/60R18 99V Pro Contact Wheels: 18 x 7.5 inch steel Fuel Tank Capacity: 19 gallons EPA Fuel Mileage: City - 17 mpg Highway - 25 mpg Seats, Front: Front heavy duty cloth bucket Rear: Rear vinyl bench Exterior Dimension: Length feet Width 6.21 feet Height 4.85 feet Head Room: Front inches Rear inches Hip Room: Front inches Rear inches Leg Room: Front inches Rear inches Trunk: 16.2 cubic foot VEHICLE SPECIFICATIONS Page 16

17 2006 DODGE MAGNUM V-6 Vehicle Description: Full size, 4 door wagon, rear wheel drive, Police Package vehicle Engine: 3.5L / V-6 Horsepower: 6400 RPM Torque : 3800 RPM Axle Ratio: 2.87 Curb Weight: 4093 lbs Alternator Output: 160 Battery: 800 CCA Transmission: 5 speed electronic automatic Suspension, Front: Independent high arm SLA with dual ball joint lower, coil spring, and sway bar Rear: Independent multi-link, coil spring, and sway bar Brakes, Front: 13.6 inch vented disc Rear: 13.8 inch vented disc Tires: Continental P225/60R18 99V Pro Contact Wheels: 18 x 7.5 inch steel Fuel Tank Capacity: 19 gallons EPA Fuel Mileage: City - 19 mpg Highway - 27 mpg Seats, Front: Heavy duty cloth bucket Rear: Vinyl bench Exterior Dimension: Length feet Width 6.18 feet Height 4.86 feet Head Room: Front 38.7 inches Rear 38.1 inches Hip Room: Front 56.2 inches Rear 56.1 inches Leg Room: 41.8 inches Rear 40.2 inches Rear Cargo: 27.3 cubic foot VEHICLE SPECIFICATIONS Page 17

18 2006 DODGE MAGNUM V-8 Vehicle Description: Full size, 4 door wagon, rear wheel drive, Police Package vehicle Engine: 5.7L / V-8 Horsepower: 5000 RPM Torque : 4000 RPM Axle Ratio: 2.82 Curb Weight: 4272 lbs Alternator Output: 160 Battery: 800 CCA Transmission: 5 speed electronic automatic Suspension, Front: Independent high arm SLA with dual ball joint lower, coil spring, and sway bar Independent multi-link, coil spring, and sway bar Rear: Brakes, Front: 13.6 inch vented disc Rear: 13.8 inch vented disc Tires: Continental P225/60R18 99V Pro Contact Wheels: 18 x 7.5 inch steel Fuel Tank Capacity: 19 gallons EPA Fuel Mileage: City - 17 mpg Highway - 25 mpg Seats, Front: Heavy duty cloth bucket Rear: Vinyl bench Exterior Dimension: Length feet Width 6.18 feet Height 4.86 feet Head Room: Front 38.7 inches Rear 38.1 inches Hip Room: Front 56.2 inches Rear 56.1 inches Leg Room: 41.8 inches Rear 40.2 inches Rear Cargo: 27.3 cubic foot VEHICLE SPECIFICATIONS Page 18

19 2006 FORD CVPI Vehicle Description: Full size, 4 door sedan, rear wheel drive, Police Package vehicle Engine: 4.6L / V-8 Horsepower: 5000 RPM Torque : 4000 RPM Axle Ratio: 3.27 Curb Weight: 3964 lbs Alternator Output: 200 Amp Battery: 750 CCA Transmission: 4 Speed automatic with overdrive Suspension, Front: Independent, SLA w/ball joint and coil spring, monotube shock Rear: 4 bar link, w/watt s linkage, coil spring, monotube shock Brakes, Front: inch vented disc Rear: inch vented disc Tires: year P235/55R17 98w Eagle RS-A Wheels: 17 x 7.5 inch steel Fuel Tank Capacity:19 gallons EPA Fuel Mileage: City - 16 mpg Highway - 23 mpg Seats, Front: Front heavy duty cloth bucket, w/power lumbar driver s seat Rear: Rear vinyl bench Exterior Dimension: Length feet Width feet Height feet Head Room: Front inches Rear - 38 inches Hip Room: Front inches Rear - 59 inches Leg Room: Front inches Rear inches Trunk: 20.6 cubic foot VEHICLE SPECIFICATIONS Page 19

20 2006 FORD CVPI Vehicle Description: Full size, 4 door sedan, rear wheel drive, Police Package vehicle Engine: 4.6L / V-8 Horsepower: 5000 RPM Torque : 4000 RPM Axle Ratio: 3.55 Curb Weight: 3964 lbs Alternator Output: 200 Amp Battery: 750 CCA Transmission: 4 Speed automatic with overdrive Suspension, Front: Independent, SLA w/ball joint and coil spring, monotube shock Rear: 4 bar link, w/watt s linkage, coil spring, monotube shock Brakes, Front: inch vented disc Rear: inch vented disc Tires: year P235/55R17 98w Eagle RS-A Wheels: 17 x 7.5 inch steel Fuel Tank Capacity:19 gallons EPA Fuel Mileage: City - 16 mpg Highway - 23 mpg Seats, Front: Front heavy duty cloth bucket, w/power lumbar driver s seat Rear: Rear vinyl bench Exterior Dimension: Length feet Width feet Height feet Head Room: Front inches Rear - 38 inches Hip Room: Front inches Rear - 59 inches Leg Room: Front inches Rear inches Trunk: 20.6 cubic foot Page 20

21 32 LAP HIGH SPEED VEHICLE EVALUATION RESULTS POLICE PACKAGE VEHICLES This test is conducted on a high speed driving course. It is designed to evaluate, identify and eliminate the obvious unacceptable vehicles (i.e., those vehicles that are demonstrably unstable or otherwise exhibit unsafe characteristics). For this test, four drivers are utilized for each vehicle. Each driver completes eight laps around our 1.57 mile test track at the Los Angeles County Fairplex in Pomona, for a total of 32 timed laps. Lap timing is via a "HOT LAP," digital-infrared timing device, mounted in the vehicle. The fastest and the slowest lap times are eliminated, the remaining 6 lap times are averaged. The average time and speed are recorded next to the drivers name. Four Emergency Vehicle Operations Center driver training instructors, two each from the Los Angeles County Sheriff s Department and Los Angeles Police Department share the driving and evaluation of these vehicles. At the conclusion of the preliminary handling portion of the test, each driver completes a "Drivers Subjective Evaluation" form. If the test vehicle is judged unacceptable in this preliminary review, it is rejected and not subject to further testing and evaluation. Page 21

22 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE Date - October 13, 2005 VEHICLE DESCRIPTION YEAR MAKE / MODEL ENGINE DIFF. RATIO TRANS 2006 CHEVROLET IMPALA 3.9 L / V A DRIVER LAP 1 LAP 2 LAP 3 LAP 4 LAP 5 LAP 6 LAP 7 LAP 8 AVG TIME AVG SPEED Goedhart, LASD Hemsworth, LAPD Robinson, LASD Penrith, LAPD DRIVER TIME TEST STARTED AIR TEMPERATURE Deputy H. Goedhart, LASD 8:19 67 Degrees Fahrenheit Officer M. Hemsworth, LAPD 8:35 73 Degrees Fahrenheit Deputy R. Robinson, LASD 9:12 76 Degrees Fahrenheit Officer A. Penrith, LAPD 9:32 79 Degrees Fahrenheit Page 22

23 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE VEHICLE DESCRIPTION YEAR MAKE / MODEL ENGINE DIFF. RATIO TRANS 2006 CHEVROLET IMPALA 3.9 L / V A ITEM RATING** STEERING 2 BODY LEAN 2 BOUNCE 2 STEERING WHEEL SIZE 1 STEERING WHEEL POSITION 1 TRANSMISSION SELECTOR 1 BRAKE FADE 2 BRAKE PULL 2 WHEEL LOCKUP 1 DRIVER LEG ROOM 1 DRIVER HEAD ROOM 1 GENERAL VISIBILITY 1 MIRROR LOCATION 1 DOOR HANDLE LOCATION 1 SPEEDOMETER LOCATION 1 INSTRUMENT LOCATION 1 WINDSHIELD DISTORTION 1 ADDITIONAL INFO -PROTRUDING KNOBS ETC. 1 ** Rating - 1-excellent 2-very good 3-good 4-poor 5-very poor Page 23

24 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE 2006 CHEVROLET IMPALA GOEDHART - LAPS 1 TO 8: Handling: This vehicle displayed slight understeer characteristics but was very predictable and manageable. The front end was pushing the first five laps, but then was holding the last three (probably due to new tires). Slight floating of the front end through the S and 180/ turn. Very good handling vehicle Transmission: Very good shifting points except for 180/ turn (slight searching). At times there was a little lag in acceleration coming out of the turns if you were a little aggressive. Brakes: Remained consistent laps #1-5 with a good rate of deceleration. Laps #6-8 I started experiencing a slight fade, but was very predictable and manageable with an earlier braking point ( one car length). HEMSWORTH - LAPS 9 TO 16: Brakes: deceleration power with minor drop off into lap #13. Onset of fade was minor and predictable. Engine: Best impala power train yet. power with seamless power delivery. Noted a Hick-up in power delivery exiting decreasing radius turns most laps (fuel starvation or traction control). Very short duration, minimally intrusive. Transmission: Transmission did not hunt up and down. Handling: Very mild understeer to neutral. In later laps, the car tended to use more roadway exiting turns as if tires were beginning to overheat/fade. Mild, but noticeable. Overall best impala ever. ROBINSON - LAPS 17 TO 24: Handling: I experienced neutral to minimal understeer handling characteristics in this car. Body lean was minimal as was bounce. Steering feel was a little bit light. Brakes: The brakes were consistent throughout all eight laps. I experienced minimal fade on lap #21, on all three applications. Pedal feel and travel was good and consistent throughout. Engine: The engine made very good power but seemed to cut out a little bit if the car was bouncing. This was most noticeable in the decreasing radius turn. Transmission: The transmission had good shift points and did not search at all. Ergonomics: The car was comfortable and very adjustable. Page 24

25 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE 2006 CHEVROLET IMPALA PENRITH - LAPS 25 TO 32: Engine: Adequate power - smooth consistent delivery. Power band is in a higher range than that of the Crown Victoria. Transmission: Consistent shifts. I would prefer slightly harder/quicker/more positive shifts. Tires: overall traction level, smooth transitions but did seem to lose traction slightly as laps went by. Handling: Slight understeer on steady state corner. Slight lift on pedal rotates car very well. Have to wait on power input out of slow corners to reduce understeer. Would be nice to reduce body lean slightly. Brakes: pedal feel. Minor fade by lap #30. Page 25

26 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE Date - October 13, 2005 VEHICLE DESCRIPTION YEAR MAKE / MODEL ENGINE DIFF. RATIO TRANS 2006 CHEVROLET TAHOE 5.3 L / V A DRIVER LAP 1 LAP 2 LAP 3 LAP 4 LAP 5 LAP 6 LAP 7 LAP 8 AVG TIME AVG SPEED Goedhart, LASD Hemsworth, LAPD Robinson, LASD Penrith, LAPD DRIVER TIME TEST STARTED AIR TEMPERATURE Deputy H. Goedhart, LASD 11:10 89 Degrees Fahrenheit Officer M. Hemsworth, LAPD 11:29 89 Degrees Fahrenheit Deputy R. Robinson, LASD 11:49 94 Degrees Fahrenheit Officer A. Penrith, LAPD 12:10 91 Degrees Fahrenheit Page 26

27 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE VEHICLE DESCRIPTION YEAR MAKE / MODEL ENGINE DIFF. RATIO TRANS 2006 CHEVROLET TAHOE 5.3 L / V A ITEM RATING** STEERING 2 BODY LEAN 2 BOUNCE 3 STEERING WHEEL SIZE 1 STEERING WHEEL POSITION 1 TRANSMISSION SELECTOR 1 BRAKE FADE 3 BRAKE PULL 1 WHEEL LOCKUP 1 DRIVER LEG ROOM 1 DRIVER HEAD ROOM 1 GENERAL VISIBILITY 1 MIRROR LOCATION 1 DOOR HANDLE LOCATION 1 SPEEDOMETER LOCATION 1 INSTRUMENT LOCATION 1 WINDSHIELD DISTORTION 1 ADDITIONAL INFO -PROTRUDING KNOBS ETC. 1 ** Rating - 1-excellent 2-very good 3-good 4-poor 5-very poor Page 27

28 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE 2006 CHEVROLET TAHOE GOEDHART - LAPS 1 TO 8: Handling: This vehicle displayed moderate to slight oversteer characteristics. It was predictable and manageable. I also experienced some body lean through the 180/ turn and some bounce through the S turn. Transmission: shift points with a little lag coming out of the turns. Would search for the proper gear on the 180/ turn. Brakes: rate of deceleration laps 1-6. On laps 7-8, I experienced a gas release sound on the power boost and then an extreme pedal travel. This effected the rate of deceleration (30-40%). I adjusted my braking point ( 2 car lengths) still experienced pedal travel, but not as drastic and had a good rate of deceleration again. HEMSWORTH - LAPS 9 TO 16: Brakes: Power ok. Noted distinct onset of fade into lap #13. Brake and power seemed to have stabilized by lap #16. Brake accuracy compromised by pronounced fore/aft bounce during braking. Bounce: Very bouncy in straight line. Some in turns but not near to the same degree. Handling: Began with mild to moderate oversteer. Throttle initiated oversteer in 180/ turn was a factor to deal with by lap #14. Strong tendency towards trail-brake oversteer into slow and fast turns. ROBINSON - LAPS 17 TO 24: Handling: I experienced moderate to excessive oversteer in all turns. Bounce and body lean were moderate. The steering effort and input were good. Brakes: I experienced some fade starting on lap #20. This was compensated for with earlier brake applications. Engine: The engine made good power throughout all eight laps. Transmission: The transmission was good. Shift points were also good. PENRITH - LAPS 25 TO 32: Engine: Strong even power delivery. Transmission: Well matched, good shift points, consistent. Tires: Very predictable, good overall grip. Suspension: Very tall vehicle, but surprisingly very controlled body roll. Does sometimes bounce or hop through 180/ turn. Brakes: Very poor, long soft pedal (from lap #25). Vehicle does slow, but much greater distance. Was able to push through pedal and get more deceleration, but warning lights and bells went off. Page 28

29 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE Date - October 13, 2005 VEHICLE DESCRIPTION YEAR MAKE / MODEL ENGINE DIFF. RATIO TRANS 2006 CHEVROLET TAHOE (E 85) 5.3 L / V A DRIVER LAP 1 LAP 2 LAP 3 LAP 4 LAP 5 LAP 6 LAP 7 LAP 8 AVG TIME AVG SPEED Goedhart, LASD Hemsworth, LAPD Robinson, LASD Penrith, LAPD DRIVER TIME TEST STARTED AIR TEMPERATURE Deputy H. Goedhart, LASD 11:00 76 Degrees Fahrenheit Officer M. Hemsworth, LAPD 11:19 75 Degrees Fahrenheit Deputy R. Robinson, LASD 11:40 78 Degrees Fahrenheit Officer A. Penrith, LAPD 12:00 78 Degrees Fahrenheit Page 29

30 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE VEHICLE DESCRIPTION YEAR MAKE / MODEL ENGINE DIFF. RATIO TRANS 2006 CHEVROLET TAHOE (E 85) 5.3 L / V A ITEM RATING** STEERING 2 BODY LEAN 2 BOUNCE 2-3 STEERING WHEEL SIZE 1 STEERING WHEEL POSITION 1 TRANSMISSION SELECTOR 1 BRAKE FADE 2 BRAKE PULL 1 WHEEL LOCKUP 1 DRIVER LEG ROOM 1 DRIVER HEAD ROOM 1 GENERAL VISIBILITY 1 MIRROR LOCATION 3 DOOR HANDLE LOCATION 2 SPEEDOMETER LOCATION 1 INSTRUMENT LOCATION 1 WINDSHIELD DISTORTION 1 ADDITIONAL INFO -PROTRUDING KNOBS ETC. 1 ** Rating - 1-excellent 2-very good 3-good 4-poor 5-very poor Page 30

31 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE 2006 CHEVROLET TAHOE (E-85) GOEDHART - LAPS 1 TO 8: Handling: This vehicle displayed slight to moderate oversteer characteristics throughout all turns, but was predictable and manageable. It also had slight to moderate body lean and bounce through the 180/ turn. Transmission: Shifting points were good but would search sometimes through 180/ turn. Brakes: Very strong rate of deceleration laps 1-5. From laps 6-8, I started experiencing slight to moderate fade but was manageable with an earlier braking point (2-3 car length) especially in the north turn. HEMSWORTH - LAPS 9 TO 16: Brakes: With one exception noted below, brakes were consistent and progressive throughout. Just a little fade into lap # 12, but then stabilized. Note: beginning lap #15, at the end of straight into south turn, brake pedal went straight to floor with no discernable resistance. However, deceleration value was only slightly less than normal. Full recovery by next hard application and no further event. Handling: Pronounced oversteer. Vehicle was rear traction limited in and exiting turns. Would easily go sideways entering turns if brakes not fully released. Steering very darty recovering from skids, but less so in later laps (driver adaption?). Bounce: Pronounced bounce on straights and braking over bumps. Not bad, but very noticeable. A little bounce through 180/ turn, however, no control issue. ROBINSON - LAPS 17 TO 24: Handling: This vehicle displayed moderate oversteer which could be induced with or without power. It also displayed moderate bounce through the 180/ turn and the S turn. The oversteer had a tendency to snap back sometimes causing a secondary skid. Brakes: The brakes were good throughout all eight laps. There was minimal fade and no noticeable pull. Pedal feel and travel was consistent. Engine: The engine made good power throughout. Transmission: For the most part, the transmission was good but it sometimes searched for the correct gear in the S and 180/ turn. This tended to occur when the vehicle was bouncing. Ergonomics: The vehicle was comfortable and very adjustable. Page 31

32 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE 2006 CHEVROLET TAHOE (E-85) OCELLO - LAPS 25 TO 32: Handling: There was oversteer and the secondary was violent enough to cause you to over correct. The bounce in the 180/ was very pronounced on several driving lines. Brakes: The brakes held well on each lap. I did not notice any fade during my laps. Transmission: During the bounce I did notice the transmission was searching for a gear. Page 32

33 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE Date - October 13, 2005 VEHICLE DESCRIPTION YEAR MAKE / MODEL ENGINE DIFF. RATIO TRANS 2006 DODGE CHARGER 3.5 L / V A DRIVER LAP 1 LAP 2 LAP 3 LAP 4 LAP 5 LAP 6 LAP 7 LAP 8 AVG TIME AVG SPEED Goedhart, LASD Hemsworth, LAPD Robinson, LASD Penrith, LAPD DRIVER TIME TEST STARTED AIR TEMPERATURE Deputy H. Goedhart, LASD 8:58 76 Degrees Fahrenheit Officer M. Hemsworth, LAPD 9:32 80 Degrees Fahrenheit Deputy R. Robinson, LASD 9:52 78 Degrees Fahrenheit Officer A. Penrith, LAPD 10:09 80 Degrees Fahrenheit Page 33

34 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE VEHICLE DESCRIPTION YEAR MAKE / MODEL ENGINE DIFF. RATIO TRANS 2006 DODGE CHARGER 3.5 L / V A ITEM RATING** STEERING 2 BODY LEAN 1 BOUNCE 1 STEERING WHEEL SIZE 1 STEERING WHEEL POSITION 1 TRANSMISSION SELECTOR 2 BRAKE FADE 1 BRAKE PULL 1 WHEEL LOCKUP 1 DRIVER LEG ROOM 2 DRIVER HEAD ROOM 1 GENERAL VISIBILITY 1 MIRROR LOCATION 1 DOOR HANDLE LOCATION 1 SPEEDOMETER LOCATION 1 INSTRUMENT LOCATION 1 WINDSHIELD DISTORTION 1 ADDITIONAL INFO -PROTRUDING KNOBS ETC. 1 ** Rating - 1-excellent 2-very good 3-good 4-poor 5-very poor Page 34

35 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE 2006 DODGE CHARGER V-6 GOEDHART - LAPS 1 TO 4: Handling: This vehicle displayed slight understeer characteristics through the 180/ turn. It was very predictable and very manageable. Transmission: There was a lag coming out of all turns. Almost as if it needed to downshift and get a lower gear. Shifting points at the top end were good. Brakes: Very good rate of deceleration throughout all turns and throughout all eight (8) laps. HEMSWORTH - LAPS 9 TO 16: Handling: Moderate understeer bias. Would not trail brake oversteer into turns. Less understeer would decrease lap times. Brakes: Outstanding! Short stopping distances. No evidence of fade. Excellent feel on both application and release makes them super easy to modulate. Steering: Fine, minimal bounce. Engine: On longest straightaway approaching decreasing radius turn, would upshift, hit rpm and just stay there with little perceptible acceleration. Did not feel as noticeable on long front straight. ROBINSON - LAPS 17 TO 24: Handling: This vehicle displayed minimal to moderate understeer handling characteristics. The body lean and bounce were minimal. The steering feel was very good. Brakes: Outstanding. The rate of deceleration is great. There was no fade or pull. Engine: The engine made good power throughout all eight laps. Transmission: The transmission had good smooth, consistent shifts. PENRITH - LAPS 25 TO 32: Transmission: Consistent shifts at 6,000 rpm plus - would like firmer/faster shifts. Tires: Excellent, predictable traction loss and recovery. Handling: Would like to see slightly less understeer. Body roll minimal, even quick transitions with lateral shifts did not cause oversteer. Brakes: No brake fade, great feel both into and out of pedal. I could brake 3 to 4 car lengths later than both Ford and Chevy from the same or higher top speed. These brakes set a new standard for police vehicles. Page 35

36 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE Date - October 13, 2005 VEHICLE DESCRIPTION YEAR MAKE / MODEL ENGINE DIFF. RATIO TRANS 2006 DODGE CHARGER 5.7 L / V A DRIVER LAP 1 LAP 2 LAP 3 LAP 4 LAP 5 LAP 6 LAP 7 LAP 8 AVG TIME AVG SPEED Goedhart, LASD Hemsworth, LAPD Robinson, LASD Penrith, LAPD DRIVER TIME TEST STARTED AIR TEMPERATURE Deputy H. Goedhart, LASD 11:48 94 Degrees Fahrenheit Officer M. Hemsworth, LAPD 12:10 94 Degrees Fahrenheit Deputy R. Robinson, LASD 12:30 91 Degrees Fahrenheit Officer A. Penrith, LAPD 12"46 94 Degrees Fahrenheit Page 36

37 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE VEHICLE DESCRIPTION YEAR MAKE / MODEL ENGINE DIFF. RATIO TRANS 2006 DODGE CHARGER 5.7 L / V A ITEM RATING** STEERING 1 BODY LEAN 1 BOUNCE 1 STEERING WHEEL SIZE 1 STEERING WHEEL POSITION 1 TRANSMISSION SELECTOR 1 BRAKE FADE 2 BRAKE PULL 1 WHEEL LOCKUP 1 DRIVER LEG ROOM 1 DRIVER HEAD ROOM 1 GENERAL VISIBILITY 1 MIRROR LOCATION 1 DOOR HANDLE LOCATION 1 SPEEDOMETER LOCATION 1 INSTRUMENT LOCATION 1 WINDSHIELD DISTORTION 1 ADDITIONAL INFO -PROTRUDING KNOBS ETC. 1 ** Rating - 1-excellent 2-very good 3-good 4-poor 5-very poor Page 37

38 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE 2006 DODGE CHARGER V-8 GOEDHART - LAPS 1 TO 8: Handling: This vehicle displayed slight oversteer characteristics but was very predictable and easy to manage. I experienced a slight drift through the S turn with a little oversteer. Very good handling vehicle. Transmission: Very good shifting points with very stable acceleration throughout all turns. Brakes: Very good rate of deceleration throughout all laps. On lap #3 on the South turn, I experienced a step down sensation and a premature ABS feel. That lessened the rate of deceleration by about 30%, causing me to exit the course. I adjusted my braking point by two (2) car lengths and it never happened again, and had good rate of deceleration. HEMSWORTH - LAPS 9 TO 16: Brakes: Excellent. Just a slight loss of initial bite as laps progressed but no noticeable drop off in power. Minor wheel chatter over bumps entering decreasing radius. No control problem, just observation. Handling: Mild understeer easily translated to oversteer with throttle application. Very neutral in high speed 180/ turn. Power: Excellent power throughout the range. Easily modulated throttle, making transitions to throttle involved oversteer simple. ROBINSON - LAPS 17 TO 24: Handling: I experienced moderate understeer to power induced oversteer. Steering feel and input were good. There was minimal bounce or body lean. Brakes: I noticed some brake fade on laps # On laps #23&24 I was able to re-adjust back to my original braking points. The rate of deceleration was very good throughout. Engine: The engine made very good power throughout all eight laps. Transmission: The transmission shifted smoothly. The shift points were good. PENRITH - LAPS 25 TO 32: Engine: Excellent power delivery. Transmission: No issues, consistent. Handling: Slight understeer, easily controlled with power Tires: Excellent and predictable. Brakes: Minor fade requiring earlier application, but still consistent. Page 38

39 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE Date - October 13, 2005 VEHICLE DESCRIPTION YEAR MAKE / MODEL ENGINE DIFF. RATIO TRANS 2006 DODGE MAGNUM 3.5 L / V A DRIVER LAP 1 LAP 2 LAP 3 LAP 4 LAP 5 LAP 6 LAP 7 LAP 8 AVG TIME AVG SPEED Goedhart, LASD Hemsworth, LAPD Robinson, LASD Penrith, LAPD DRIVER TIME TEST STARTED AIR TEMPERATURE Deputy H. Goedhart, LASD 12:30 91 Degrees Fahrenheit Officer M. Hemsworth, LAPD 12:48 94 Degrees Fahrenheit Deputy R. Robinson, LASD 1:08 96 Degrees Fahrenheit Officer A. Penrith, LAPD 1:24 97 Degrees Fahrenheit Page 39

40 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE VEHICLE DESCRIPTION YEAR MAKE / MODEL ENGINE DIFF. RATIO TRANS 2006 DODGE MAGNUM 5.7 L / V A ITEM RATING** STEERING 1 BODY LEAN 1 BOUNCE 1 STEERING WHEEL SIZE 1 STEERING WHEEL POSITION 1 TRANSMISSION SELECTOR 2 BRAKE FADE 2 BRAKE PULL 1 WHEEL LOCKUP 1 DRIVER LEG ROOM 1 DRIVER HEAD ROOM 1 GENERAL VISIBILITY 1 MIRROR LOCATION 1 DOOR HANDLE LOCATION 1 SPEEDOMETER LOCATION 1 INSTRUMENT LOCATION 1 WINDSHIELD DISTORTION 1 ADDITIONAL INFO -PROTRUDING KNOBS ETC. 1 ** Rating - 1-excellent 2-very good 3-good 4-poor 5-very poor Page 40

41 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE 2006 DODGE MAGNUM V-6 GOEDHART - LAPS 1 TO 8: Handling: This vehicle displayed a slight understeer characteristics, but was very predictable and manageable. Very good handling, controllable vehicle. Transmission: There was a lag coming out of all turns. Needs a lower shifting point. Top end shifting points were good. Brakes: Very good rate of deceleration throughout all eight (8) laps. No change in braking points. HEMSWORTH - LAPS 9 TO 16: Brakes: Spectacular. Consistent without a hint of fade entire session. Extremely short braking distance. Power: Fair, unable to induce oversteer with throttle. Speed ok, but weak midrange torque. Handling: Strong bias towards understeer, it cost lap time but no control problem. ROBINSON - LAPS 17 TO 24: Handling: This vehicle displayed neutral to minimal understeer handling characteristics. There was minimal lean and bounce. Steering input was good as was feel. Brakes: The brakes were excellent. Pedal feel and travel was very good and consistent. There was no noticeable fade Engine: The engine made decent power during all eight laps. Transmission: The transmission shifted smoothly and the shift points were good. PENRITH - LAPS 25 TO 32: Engine: Adequate, as powerful as Ford and Chevy once in the higher RPM s. Transmission : Flawless Suspension: Slight to moderate understeer, very predictable, easy to drive. Tires: Excellent Brakes: Very good, but was getting fade from lap #26. Consistent, just longer stopping distances, still good feel. On one occasion pedal stepped down and I had very little deceleration. Released pedal and reapplied and they came back. Page 41

42 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE Date - October 13, 2005 VEHICLE DESCRIPTION YEAR MAKE / MODEL ENGINE DIFF. RATIO TRANS 2006 DODGE MAGNUM 5.7 L / V A DRIVER LAP 1 LAP 2 LAP 3 LAP 4 LAP 5 LAP 6 LAP 7 LAP 8 AVG TIME AVG SPEED Goedhart, LASD Hemsworth, LAPD Robinson, LASD Penrith, LAPD DRIVER TIME TEST STARTED AIR TEMPERATURE Deputy H. Goedhart, LASD 9:52 78 Degrees Fahrenheit Officer M. Hemsworth, LAPD 10:08 80 Degrees Fahrenheit Deputy R. Robinson, LASD 10:33 86 Degrees Fahrenheit Officer A. Penrith, LAPD 10:50 86 Degrees Fahrenheit Page 42

43 VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE VEHICLE DESCRIPTION YEAR MAKE / MODEL ENGINE DIFF. RATIO TRANS 2006 DODGE MAGNUM 3.5 L / V A ITEM Page 43 RATING** STEERING 1 BODY LEAN 1 BOUNCE 1 STEERING WHEEL SIZE 1 STEERING WHEEL POSITION 1 TRANSMISSION SELECTOR 2 BRAKE FADE 2 BRAKE PULL 1 WHEEL LOCKUP 1 DRIVER LEG ROOM 1 DRIVER HEAD ROOM 1 GENERAL VISIBILITY 1 MIRROR LOCATION 1 DOOR HANDLE LOCATION 1 SPEEDOMETER LOCATION 1 INSTRUMENT LOCATION 1 WINDSHIELD DISTORTION 1 ADDITIONAL INFO -PROTRUDING KNOBS ETC. 1 ** Rating - 1-excellent 2-very good 3-good 4-poor 5-very poor VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST

44 DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE 2006 DODGE MAGNUM V-8 GOEDHART - LAPS 1 TO 8: Handling: This vehicle displayed slight to moderate understeer characteristics, but was very predictable and manageable. The first five (5) laps I was experiencing slight to moderate front end push (180/ turn) probably due to being the first driver. After lap #5, I started getting a lot better adhesion and a little less push. Very good handling vehicle. Transmission: Very good shifting points throughout all turns. Brakes: Remained consistent laps 1-7 with consistent braking points. Lap #8 slight fade but was adjustable by braking one (1) car length sooner. Very good rate of deceleration. HEMSWORTH - LAPS 9 TO 16: Brakes: Excellent. power throughout test with minor loss of initial bite into lap #13. Always recovered by end of lap. Excellent linear feel under application and release. Handling: Mild to moderate understeer, easily corrected with throttle. Exiting slower turns, the car could be made to trail brake oversteer into 180/ turn. Engine: Excellent power, very easy to modulate, made even easier due to outstanding mid-range torque. ROBINSON - LAPS 17 TO 24: Handling: This vehicle displayed moderate understeer to power-induced oversteer handling characteristics. Body lean and bounce were minimal. The steering input and feel were also very good. Brakes: This vehicle displayed progressive fade on each lap into the south turn. This was adjustable with increased (earlier) applications. There was no pull. Engine: The engine made very good power and the power output was very linear. Transmission: The transmission shifted smoothly, and shift points were good. Ergonomics: The car will easily fit a large person. There is excessive wind buffeting when only the rear windows are down. PENRITH - LAPS 25 TO 32: Engine: Outstanding, smooth delivery very broad torque curve. Transmission: Smooth consistent shifts, although it could be firmer. Tires: Excellent, predictable. Suspension: Flat slight understeer correctable with throttle. Brakes: Minor fade lap #32. VEHICLE DYNAMICS TEST TEST DRIVER S SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION - 32 LAP HIGH SPEED COURSE Date - October 13, 2005 Page 44