Birth and Death of a Solar Electron

Transcription

1 Birth and Death of a Solar Electron Baby Minus Dave Strenski January 2017 Slide 1

2 Michigan Energy Overview Michigan Public Service Commission, LARA, October 2011 Michigan is relatively limited in most energy resources and imports 97% of its petroleum needs, 82% of its natural gas and 100% of coal and nuclear fuel from other states and nations. These imports account for about 72 cents of every dollar spent for energy by Michigan s citizens and businesses. Michigan spent a total of $31.3 billion on all forms of energy in 2009 and of that amount $22.6 billion was for the energy resources imported from other states and nations. Could add $22.6 billon to Michigan s economy every year! Slide 2

3 sun photovoltaic panels disconnect Sunny Boy 325 inverter Reverse Meter KWH Forward Meter KWH utility meters 327 KWH store meters breaker panel Gen Meter Slide 3

4 Slide 4

5 Steeper for more uniform annual power Flatter for maximum annual power Tracking systems Seasonal fixed panels Fixed panels Slide 5

6 Silicon [Si] shell 3 14 protons + n 14 neutrons shell 1 valence electrons shell 2 Slide 6

7 Silicon [Si] shell 3 14 protons + n 14 neutrons shell 1 valence electrons shell 2 Slide 7

8 Building a Solar Cell silicon doped with phosphorus (few extra electrons) silicon doped with boron (holes, few less electrons) wires on the bottom Slide 8

9 photons electrons migrate up holes migrate down Slide 9

10 Mono and Polycrystalline Silicon Amorphous Silicon Uni-solar Made in Michigan Slide 10

11 Slide 11

12 sun photovoltaic panels disconnect Sunny Boy 325 inverter Reverse Meter KWH Forward Meter KWH utility meters 327 KWH store meters breaker panel Gen Meter Slide 12

13 voltage voltage time time DC AC UL listed Clean power Shuts offs if grid is down Powered by solar Quite and Cool Displays power generated DC in AC out Slide 13

14 Standard breaker 240 volt, 20 amp back fed Slide 14

15 forwards 4:00 am Slide 15

16 forwards 8:00 am Slide 16

17 forwards 11:00 am Slide 17

18 backwards 1:00 pm Slide 18

19 Power is distributed to the neighborhood Utility supplies power to the transmission lines Solar panels start generating power Slide 19

20 One less shovelful of coal is needed at the utility power plant Power is distributed to the neighborhood Utility supplies power to the transmission lines Solar panels start generating power Slide 20

21 Slide 21

22 2000 sq. ft. home 440 KWH/month (average) 18c per KWH (2015) 440/30 = 14.7 KWH (day), round up to 15 KWH per day on average Solar Economics Slide 22

23 2000 sq. ft. home 440 KWH/month (average) 18c per KWH (2015) 440/30 = 14.7 KWH (day), round up to 15 KWH per day on average Solar Economics 4 hour of sun per day, assumes panels are facing south tilted at latitude. Assume 80% system efficiency 15 KWH / 4 hr * 1.2 = 4.5 KW (added 20% for efficiency) 4500 watt would be about 18 solar panels at 250w per panel. Slide 23

24 Slide 24

25 2000 sq. ft. home 440 KWH/month (average) 18c per KWH (2015) 440/30 = 14.7 KWH (day), round up to 15 KWH per day on average 4 hour of sun per day, assumes panels are facing south tilted at latitude. Assume 80% system efficiency 15 KWH / 4 hr * 1.2 = 4.5 KW (added 20% for efficiency) 4500 watt would be about 18 solar panels at 250w per panel. Solar installation cost = $3 per watt 4500w * $3/w = $13500 $13,500 * 0.3 = -$ % Federal tax credit $9450 (price of a used car) Cost of electricity for 440kwh/month yrs $1,901 $2,112 $2,323 $2,534 $2,746 4 $3,802 $4,224 $4,646 $5,069 $5,491 6 $5,702 $6,336 $6,970 $7,603 $8,237 8 $7,603 $8,448 $9,293 $10,137 $10, $9,504 $10,560 $11,616 $12,672 $13,728 Solar Economics = = 18.0 * 1.05 = = 18.9 * 1.05 = = 19.8 * 1.05 = = 20.8 * 1.05 = = 21.9 * 1.05 = = 23.0 * 1.05 = = 24.1 * 1.05 = = 25.3 * 1.05 = = 26.6 * 1.05 = 27.9 Slide 25

26 30% Federal Tax Credit for PV 2017 to % % % Beginning in % for commercial and third partyowned residential 0% for host-owned residential

27 Solar Economics Slide 27

28 Economics of Scale Intel PC Purchased in 1990 for $ MB of Memory, 50 MHz clock 50 pounds and BIG. Samsung Galaxy Nexus 2013 for $ GB, 1.2 GHz clock, dual-core 5 ounces and fits in your pocket 23 years = 10x cheaper, 2000x memory, 48x faster, 160x lighter Slide 28

29 33% use 67% lost 79% lost 21% use Slide 29

30 Slide 30

31 Ypsilanti Solar Photovoltaic Case Studies Slide 31

32

33 Solar Ypsilanti: SolarYpsi.org Ypsilanti Food Cooperative: YpsiFoodCoop.org City of Ypsilanti: CityofYpsilanti.com Federal Tax Incentives: DTE Energy Solar Currents: Great Lakes Renewable Energy Association: Midwest Renewable Energy Association: HomePower magazine: Solar Today magazine: Solar Tour: Slide 33