Many major/fatal accidents are caused by the overturning of different types of machines in the field

Transcription

1 Problems and suggestions /self propelled machines Stability Many major/fatal accidents are caused by the overturning of different types of machines in the field

2 forklift trucks safety An example.. Work phase travelling when empty Task Operating procedure Competence Critical aspects Risks Solutions, suggestions for prevention; need of further research To adopt the driving position Operation involving frequent climbing on and off the vehicle (over 50 times a day) To sit in the driver s seat and to secure the restraint device. (seatbelts, gates, etc.) To be able to use restraint devices properly and to be aware of their importance. Risk of serious damage and injury due to vehicle tip-over. Adoption of efficient, easy-to-use and mandatory restraint devices. (At present seatbelts to be secured only around the waist are rarely used..)

3 forklift trucks safety. the protection devices are not used by workers when representing an obstacle to the work activity and the productivity

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5 Work phase: Harvesting Critical aspects / risks: Overturning, rollover, capsizing Suggestions (I, S, UK) -Provide an incline indicator system of the machine with at least an indication of absolute safety, danger and alarm situations (some machines are already fitted with such a device); -The machines must be equipped with systems that in case of capsizing (through an accident, wrong manoeuvre, loss of stability during use, etc.), provide a safe space in the driver s cab and maintain the operator seated in the driver s post; -A tyre pressure indicator in the driver s cab is useful; -Appropriate overall design of self-levelling machines which today seem to be derived from machines designed for the plain. -All combine harvesters must have ROPS; -Safety belt shall be standard, even for passengers, if there is a seat for them; -Seat belts as standard. ROPs (Roll over protection) as standard. -Tyre-pressure indication in-cab and preferably automatic tyre inflation/deflation from cab.

6 Problems and suggestions - Unification and improvement of control different control systems are adopted for the same action in the same type of machines so determining further risk of accident due to human error.

7 forklift trucks safety Task Operating procedure.. Work phase travelling when empty Competence Critical aspects Risks Solutions, suggestions for prevention; need of further research To drive in a forward gear To switch on the board. To accelerate and move in the desired direction by steering and applying the brakes whenever necessary. Arrangement and functioning of truck operating controls (paying particular attention to the use of pedals). Stopping distance. Degree of stability of the vehicle depending on ground conformation Forklift tipover, danger of knocking down people and objects (due to excessive speed, obstructed paths. soft, rough or sloping ground.) Normalized, preferably car-like pedals. Speed reduction system to avoid tipping over (there is always a risk even when a forklift travels unloaded on a flat terrain and with lowered forks). Use on suitable and safe grounds. Automatic speed reduction when travelling down a slope. Manufacturer s certification stating the limits of the vehicle stability..

8 forklift trucks safety Arrangement of accelerating and braking pedals Type I* (49) Type III* (32) Type IV* (24) Clutch or approach at reduced speed Inverted pedals

9 Problems and suggestions /self propelled machines Visibility limited visibility during the work with telehandlers, fork lift trucks, combine harvesters and tractors.

10 Visibility view on the right side

11 forklift trucks safety Visibility Truck with forks at 120 cm.

12 forklift trucks safety Accessibility

13 Work phase: cabin access (operator station) Critical aspects / risks: Risk of falls, pinching injuries. etc. Suggestions (D, I, S, UK) -Fall protector which acts/swivels automatically when the access equipment is in the "highway travel" position; -Reduce the height from the ground to the first rung or make it adjustable, including when there is a self-levelling system; -The telescopic ladder must be impossible to use unless it is completely open; The ladders must be usable with minimal effort and without the risk of losing one s balance; -The access platforms must have adequate room for the operator to move safely and for the access door to the cab to be opened easily; -Delayed lightning in operators cabin and lightning specially for the steps or the ladder, which the operator could start from either the platform or from the ground; -better handrails on ladders and platforms; -suggest hydraulic ladders operated inside with cab controls; -more room to move about e.g. bigger platforms; 13

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15 Workers participation by Feedback method CEN/TR :2015 Ergonomics methods - Part 1: Feedback method - A method to understand how end users perform their work with machines Fabio Strambi * - Massimo Bartalini ** * Eur-Erg, ETUI advisor on ergonomics an standardization **Azienda USL Sud Est Toscana. - U.F. PISLL di Siena Zona Alta Val d Elsa