Third Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) Meeting focus on Indian Water & Sanitation Utility & Integrated Septage Management

Transcription

1 Ministry of Urban Development and GIZ Program Cooperation on Support to National Urban Sanitation Policy (SNSUP) Third Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) Meeting focus on Indian Water & Sanitation Utility & Integrated Septage Management November 2013, Hotel Le Meridian New Delhi Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 1

2 Contents: 1. Background to GIZ s role in National Urban Sanitation Policy (NUSP) 2. Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) : Constitution and its Context Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Structure 3. Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Proceedings 4. a. Introductory note b. Indian Water Utility 2020 c. Septage Management d. Feedback and Way Forward. 5. Annexures Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 2

3 1. Background to GIZ s role in National Urban Sanitation Policy (NUSP) The Ministry of Urban Development has launched National Urban Sanitation Policy (NUSP) in The goal of this policy is to transform urban India into community driven, totally sanitized, healthy and liveable cities and towns and to ensure and sustain good public health and environmental outcomes for all their citizens. The policy highlights the need for improvement of hygienic conditions for all and specifically for urban poor and women through cost-effective technologies. It focuses on generating awareness about sanitation amongst communities and institutions, the linkages between public and environmental health. It also attempts to promote mechanism for sustained behavioural changes aimed at the adoption of healthy sanitation practices. The NUSP incorporates a paradigm shift based on the 74th Constitutional Amendment (1992) to strengthen Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and follows integrated concepts in the design and implementation of sanitation strategies. The overall goals are: (a) awareness generation and behaviour change, (b) achieving open defecation free cities and (c) integrated city-wide sanitation. Particular focus lies in the improvement of hygienic conditions for the urban poor (pro-poor approach) and for women by applying cost-efficient technologies. All states are requested to act at par with the National Urban Sanitation Policy (NUSP) and to develop State Sanitation Strategies. The development of these strategies can happen parallel to the preparation of the CSP, which by this has pilot character and requires strong interaction with the respected state government bodies. The Municipalities among others have to ensure 100% sanitation, and look into adequate financing mechanisms, tariff systems and shall consider Private Public Partnerships (PPP) for efficient implementation. The GIZ programme Support to the National Urban Sanitation Policy launched in 2011 supports Ministry of Urban Development and selected cities and states in implementation of the NUSP. The overall objective of the programme is that at national, state and city level the implementation and operation of sanitation infrastructure, as well as the management of the sanitation sector as a whole especially in poorer parts of the cities are improved. 2. Technical Advisory Committee (TAC): Constitution and its Context The TAC is closely connected to the SNUSP programme, but with a limited set of responsibilities. It serves as an advisory body to the programme and recommends on specific technical assistance assignments into the Project Steering Committee (PSC). The TAC also provide guiding directions to achieve the objectives of NUSP, assess the extent to which NUSP can support step-wise implementation and improvement of the water and sanitation sector with particular focus on two subthemes, which are: (I) Indian Water Utility 2020 (II) Septage Management. The TAC members, as given below in the list are supported by consultants who are rendering technical inputs into the deliberations. Hence both the assignments of the consultants aim to understand the effectiveness of the current planning approaches in relation to the achievement of citywide sanitation service provision, and how implementation improvement can be fostered. These outputs are to facilitate the understanding for the Indian wide scenarios, besides providing an enabling environment for discussion. The overall role of the Technical Advisory Committee is: To ensure programme is based on the latest expertise in the area of sustainable sanitation at local level To help promote programme to relevant national and international stakeholders To support partnerships in performing the programme in an optimum way and in overcoming potential barriers to its successful implementation To establish and maintain active links with other on-going programmes in the field of sanitation Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 3

4 To actively support the development of information bases on the technical assistance subjects (i) Septage Management and (ii) Indian Water Utility The following is the list of members of the Technical Advisory Committee: Dr. N.C. Saxena, I.A.S, Serving member to National Advisory Committee (NAC) to Prime Minister of India Prof. Meera Mehta (emer.), Faculty of Planning and Public Policy, CEPT University Prof. Vinod Tare, Environmental Engineering & Management Programme, Dept. of Civil Engg, IIT Kanpur Mr. Walter Kling, Managing Director Vienna Water Works & IWA Vice President Prof. Karl-Ulrich Rudolph, CEO Institute of Environmental Engineering & Management Programme, University of Witten Herdecke Mr. Roland Schertenleib, Former Member of the Directorate of Eawag/Sandec The key objective for the third Technical Advisory Committee meeting was the finalization of the national draft advisory for both sub-themes building on the learning from first and second Technical Advisory Committee meetings in New Delhi on 27 th and 28 th January, 2013 and 1 st to 3 rd May 2013 respectively. 3. Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Structure The third TAC meeting was based on a three day roundtable discussion workshop facilitated by GIZ under participation of each three international and national experts from various organizations and specializations as well as two leading consultants who provided materials on the two themes: Indian Water Utility 2020 and Septage Management. The output from this meeting is to look forward on what is the strategy for the two themes, reality check in terms of ground proofing and data evidence and linking city advisory to national advisory. The deliberations of the meeting for three days have been summarized below. Refer Annexure I Agenda and Annexure II List of Participants 4. Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Proceedings The proceedings of the meeting are divided into three main sections; Introductory Note, Indian Water and Sanitation Utility 2020 and Septage Management: Introductory note by Dr. (Mrs.) Regina Dube, Program Director SNUSP, GIZ The Third Technical Advisory Committee meeting started with welcome note by Dr. (Mrs.) Regina Dube, Program Director SNUSP, GIZ. The main objective of this meeting and two previous meetings was bringing together the knowledge and expertise of three international experts and three national experts on the themes of Indian Water Utility and Septage Management. During the first meeting the working mode of this advisory committee was identified and in the second meeting the committee looked deeper into the institutional models and link to PPP model. The main idea is to see that the knowledge generated gets converted into capacities in the field. Under septage management, there are on-site and off-site solutions that needs to be looked into. It is important to understand the problems of Urban Local Bodies of septage management. With these remarks by Dr. (Mrs.) Regina Dube, Program Director SNUSP, GIZ first session on Indian Water Utility 2020 was started. Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 4

5 Session 1: Indian Water and Sanitation Utility 2020 I. Feedback on IWU Advisory: The inputs provided by members of TAC are discussed in brief below: TAC Members Dr. N.C Saxena Prof. Meera Mehta Mr. Roland Schertenleib Mr. Walter Kling Dr. Karl-Ulrich Rudolph Dr. (Mrs) Regina Dube Mr. Akhilesh Gautam Mr. Dirk Walther Inputs to IWU National Advisory It is important to look into sequencing and which activities should come first as there are large number of excellent suggestions given in the report on national advisory (IWU). Need to see the impact of interventions (such as JnNURM) taken up by Govt. of India in the last ten years and what are the good models emerged from this. Need to see the impact of Public Services Guarantee Act on improving the service levels, people s satisfaction levels or what changes should be suggested in order to achieve better results. The dimension with regards to measurement of user satisfaction and communities being in the center stage should be focused. The report should also explain why private sector also has failed to deliver in this sector The report is bias towards separate entity, it is required to show how justified it would be and how far it has not worked. Since, approx. 50% of the services are provided by ULB model. Need to add what are the good practices (such as that from Durban and Johannesburg) under ULB model and what best things can be drawn from it. How far it is possible to implement and work with these models in Indian context. Use of good practices in Indian context is lacking in the report. Good to review the reforms (JnNurm or the state programs) and how far they have been implemented. Need to see how political economy of the place would affect them. The report is well structured and gives good overview of the situation. The advisory is stipulating the principle that the institutions involved in asset creation should also be responsible for its O&M; there are good examples where the assets are owned by the public authority but O&M is contracted to the private sector The outlook of the report should be to judiciously balance both water supply and sanitation services. More emphasize has been given to water supply. Need to look into how different models are providing sanitation services (a kind of missing link in the report). The report draws clear picture of the situation. The reality is different that is how to make these thought to work in a city is difficult and closer to the challenges. Need to look into enabling environment ; the political and economic situation of the city. Every city should be treated individually. Roadmap needs a re-fill once reality check is done. Even for smaller cities the same amount of problem in water supply and sanitation services is there. How to make the present report in a manner that best elements come out. More clarity is required on the advantages of ULB model as 50% of the cities have this model. Need to take into account small and medium towns. What kind of capacities is required for institutional strengthening? Whether this advisory can be suggested for Solid Waste Management also. Need to see (format) in which this advisory can be sent out. To focus upon the major points that can trigger the process of change. Pan India analysis can be strengthened so as to depict the diversity of the context in Indian conditions The added value of institutional strengthening. The information reliability of reporting on SLB data has been completely ignored by most of the ULBs. Such high-level advisory can be brought into action for improving it. Need look into the SWOT analysis for each of the prevailing institutional model. Role of Municipal Act in creating the utilities under ULB Model. Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 5

6 CRISIL team responded by agreeing to augmenting the evidence with good examples from both India and outside. The suggestions were welcomed for incorporation in the final report. II. IWU National Advisory: Session on building blocks and binding elements The presentation on this session was given by Dr. Ravikant Joshi, CRISIL. The presentation highlighted on the advocacy discourse and detailed description of framework with its eight distinct features (building blocks and binding elements). The main points of discussion are: The key in this national advisory is the state. It is the state which needs to be asked for accountability, failure to provide an enabling environment, resources, finances etc. There is a need to measure the performance by linking devolution of funds with the performance of water and sanitation services. Need to see how well the Public Services Guarantee Act is performing or doing well as certain sectors are performing well then why water supply and sanitation sector is not. There are staff problems. The kind of staff provided needs to be re-looked. Need to turn the role of the advisory into positive role as it is trying to help the states to do a better job. Need to check the ground level reality and how this can be given by this advisory. There is a need for mapping of drivers as where we need to work on, the incentives to make ULBs work and where the motivation is. Finally, the models as given in the presentation and report should be neutral. The focus is not only the state but the Center and the city has its role to play. CRISIL Team (from right to left): Dr. Ravikant Joshi, Ms. Gayatri Oak, Mr. Abhay Kantak, Ms. Shikha Shukla and Mr. K.K Srivastava. Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 6

7 After presentation, the following questions were put to the advisory for Indian Water Utility 2020: Main Questions Points Discussed / Inputs by Advisory Committee Does the Advisory cater to the diversity in the country? What are the enabling conditions that are to be dealt at three levels: National, State and ULB? How to structure things, discuss at the state level and really work at the ground level? How far we can create tools and use them at local and state level? There may be few recommendations in the report which are already known to Govt. of India therefore we need to put the suggestions in order, identify the constraints and why this has not been achieved. Even if we have identified the critical areas, the problem is then how to do it? It is recommended to bring a text- box in the repot that shows the global and local experiences in detail and link it as supporting evidence to the arguments in the running text. What are the lessons learned from the best practices and what are our to do abilities. The three city advisories (Kochy, Shimla and Raipur) look into these questions. Measure accountability. Need for guidance and support to the state with the objective of competition in them. Institutional issues and performance issues should be regularly assessed through regular meetings and this will ensure ownership in the states. Cost transparency is needed as the states should know what amounts are spend where. Need to strengthen reform condition with the finance. More focus on capacity building by setting up urban management institutes and on quality in training. III. IWU National Advisory: Roadmap to utility establishment and change and support management process The presentation on this session was given by Mr. Abhay Kantak, CRISIL. The presentation highlighted the roadmap to process description of utility establishment with tentative timelines. The second part of the presentation was related to change and support management process. The major discussion points are: Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 7

8 The contracts as mentioned in the presentation, need to look into the content of the contract and it should be linked with funds otherwise it would only be a wish list. Once the IWU national advisory is established, the business plan will be adopted and an assessment of what is to be done in first two years will also be done. As suggested by the TAC members while preparing the business plan, the timeline should take into account if there is collection of baseline data then the process lengthens, what if the performance are not fulfilled, preparation of benchmark survey etc. Oversight mechanism such as CAG should look into the funding sources. To clearly show what kind of competencies are needed. Function of regulatory mechanism is difficult therefore each state government has some mechanism to monitor it. Snapshots of the presentation: The four elements of Indian Water Utility will provide necessary conditions for the water and sanitation sector to perform better. Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 8

9 IV. Reality check of IWU National Advisory Purpose of this session was to ground proof the national advisory against the city advisories (Kochy, Shimla and Raipur) prepared by CRISIL. During this session, three groups were formed as per the cities and the main purpose of the group exercise was to look into the following questions: How city advisory is linked to national advisory? Describe your solution and roadmap? Ground proofing to reality check / Evidence of the roadmap? Raipur group work exercise for the Reality check on Indian Water Utility Shimla group work exercise for the Reality check on Indian Water Utility Presentation after the Kochi group work exercise Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 9

10 The group work exercise outcomes are discussed in the table below: City Groups Kochy Shimla Outcomes Ground proofing / Reality check Population of Kochy city : 600,000 and of Kochy U.A: 12,00,000 Water supply: Out of total 225 MLD, 128 MLD is supplied to Kochy city and 98 MLD to U.A Approx. 70% of the households have metered connections but these meters are nonfunctional. On an average the water tariff collected from each household is Rs 300/- per month. The revision of this rate happened an year back. This rate is fixed by KWA with approval from state government. Issues related to water supply: No information on O&M cost for water supply to Kochy or U.A. However, Kochy circle will have data, electricity costs are directly paid by KWA, CoC has no concern, who and how is the KWA paid for the deficit in the cost of supplying water to Kochy city, assessment at state level (upward) should be carried out, billing and cost recovery is with Kochy circle of KWA, are there any cost centers, redressal system is with KWA circle of Kochy. Sanitation services: 21% of the households are connected to piped sewer and 74% of the households are having septic tanks. Only 0.37% of the households practicing open defecation. Total 150 MLD of sewage is generated out of which 4.5 MLD is treated by the STP. Private operators are running the emptying of septic tanks. Issues: Are sanitation and waste water sector official responsibility of KWA, issue of septage management, access to toilets and grey water? Solution / Roadmap It is recommended to look into the framework conditions for fecal sludge management and grey water. The binding elements and building blocks have to be looked for KWA and not only for Kochy alone. Greater clarity required on onsite sanitation Clear assignment of responsibility City advisory link to national advisory Need to visualize a roadmap for Kerala as sanitation utility. Explain that there are certain normative functions that KWA has to take up. Implementation actions to happen. It is a state authority and has to be assessed from state point of view. The report needs to provide more information on KWA and state level bodies. Ground proofing / Reality check Multi institutional model exist in Shimla with unclear responsibilities, inadequate staff. The staff is on deputation from state government. Tariff is not designed (only 60% recovery distribution). STP under utilized (only 6 MLD treated out of 36 MLD) JnNURM grants on water supply and sanitation services are un utilized. Non - Revenue water is 45% More than 80% cost subsidized by the state. Subsidies kill the sustainable O&M. Extreme geographical conditions are a constraint. Data management is an issue. Solution / Roadmap Assessment of service levels for services and cost (value for money) Document need to improve Multi institutional model is accepted but clarify functions for stakeholders. Ensure coordination through SLSC for SSS Need to work on Shimla (only M. Corp) initially and then upscale. Utilize Working Group of SSS for preparing indicative business plan (service levels, finances, technical and operational measures) Endorsement by state govt. City advisory link to national advisory State to look into WSS service levels and related costs / outcome of funding. Advisory to include tool for quick evaluation of fiscal efficiency in WSS. Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 10

11 Raipur Create money use data for performance link devolution of funds. Steering structure in line with structure for preparation and implementation of SSS. State to take stand on implementation for certain cities and functions. Ground proofing / Reality check Raipur city s WSS services have been handled by RMC and the State Public Health and Engineering Department (PHED). PHED had been responsible for execution of capital works of water supply and sewerage and RMC for the operations and maintenance. Raipur city s sewerage system only covers 25% of the area. Most of the city has on-site sanitation systems such as septic tanks, soak pits. There are seven oxidation ponds to treat the sewage collected. However, at present, the underground sewerage system is defunct. Due to the lack of underground sewerage, the sewage generated in the city is discharged into storm-water drains. Lack of adequate staff and does not show the lack of quality and skill mix. Budget books of Raipur M. Corp are not reliable. M. Corp recruits only Grade III & IV and above that it has to take approval from the state. Solution / Roadmap Separate heads under water supply and sanitation budget Assessment of quality and quantity of staff. Verification of service levels given by ULB through other sources. There needs to be a concrete time frame for project execution. In case the time frame is not met, grants are not to be released. Tender processes also need to be time based. Transparency as far as possible. o In the budget there should be at least separate heads for Water supply. Long term goal is a ring-fenced budget. o Tender process should be published on the Website. Involvement of the public in verification of data/situation assessment. Reliability of SLB needs to be checked. After GIS mapping revenue from Property tax increases. Creation of political pressure because of lack of data. Continuation of double entry accounting through ULB. City advisory link to national advisory Need to look into staffing pattern Due to lack of capacities there are political influences in sanctioning. Reality check is not possible due to lack of reliable data. The main suggestions given to the CRISIL team for the city advisory reports is given below: 1. Shimla City Advisory Report: Chapter 1: o Background with cost analysis, loss, etc & inefficiencies with motivation for change. o Evidence of administrative inefficiency needs to be clearer and the technical issues need to be addressed more in depth. o More data regarding the corporation needs to be generated and what are available needs to be improved. Chapter 2: o Detail out responsibilities and multi functionalities. How can they coordinate and work for development. o IPH and UAD interplay in case of Shimla needs to be elaborated 2. Raipur City Advisory Report: The main content of discussion was that there is a severe lack of reliable data in Raipur. The problem was not only that the data is not reliable but that in the report it is not clearly stated. The report pretends that the data is correct and doesn t raise this issue. Since all cities are facing the problem of lack of reliable data, the important step now would be to make it at least transparent in the report. Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 11

12 One suggestion that was also mentioned was the involvement of the communities in verifying the data. At a certain point of the process of improving an IWU community involvement should be included to verify data and put a focus on the demand side. 3. Kochy City Advisory Report: o The analysis of Kerala Water Authority (KWA) needs to be done in detail. o Role of Kerala State Urban Development Project (KSUDP) and Suchitwa Mission in the sanitation sector. o Kerala data for the state level institution of KWA needs incorporation. This could be attempted with the use of identified 8 elements already identified. Follow up by CRISIL: Apart from the feedback provided earlier in the report, the additional follow up action were: Is it possible to have a rapid tool to assess if the states needs to worry on the institutional health of the water and sanitation services Consider SSS as a tool to trigger a change and thought process at the state level. How to create the enabling environment? Look for examples on measurement of user satisfaction on water and sanitation services Explore how different models (best practices) respond on the sanitation sector Focus on right sizing of staff both technical and administrative for ULBs to carry out the functions effectively and efficiently A crispy executive summary is required for use with state government that has potential for trigger to undertake engagement on institutional health for provisioning of water and sanitation services. List of Acronyms Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 12

13 Session 2: Septage Management Dr. (Mrs.) Regina Dube, Program Director SNUSP, GIZ welcomed the participants from ICF-GHK on sepatage management. The session for septage management started post lunch on Day 2. The main objective of this session is to see how the advisory on septage management can be helpful in strengthening Ministry of Urban Development s future discourse on the subject and policy of septage management. ICF - GHK Team (from left to right): Prof. Srinivasa Chary, Dr. Raja Venkatramani, Ms. Neelima Thota, Ms. Sonal Gaurishanker I. Feedback on Septage Management Advisory: The inputs provided by members of TAC are discussed in brief below: TAC Members Dr. N.C Saxena Prof. Meera Mehta Mr. Roland Schertenleib Inputs to Septage Management National Advisory Whole approach related to septage management is well structured. There is a need to give a roadmap to Govt. of India on septage management. The septic tanks are mostly privately managed and the role of municipality is limited therefore we need to think of incentives for the common people. Linkage between septage management Manual Scavenging Act; to see what are the do s and don ts. Overall the advisory is well structured, and reads well. Need to highlight clearly as to how this advisory builds on the existing one of the Ministry of Urban Development. Re-use step is missing in the value- chain and is critical from both environment and financial point of view. An assessment of the sanitation options city-wide is required (including the treatment of grey water) from both technological (sewerage versus onsite or mixed with settled sewers etc) perspective as well as financial perspective. It is good that performance indicators have been added. However, it is important to recognize that onsite sanitation and septage management is one of the options for overall sanitation. It is essential to view the overall citywide sanitation by combining both conventional sewerage and onsite sanitation in the indicators based on their relative share. It would be good to add some analysis and approaches to deal with refurbishment of existing septic tanks. This is an important but difficult task. The report shows that septage management is a heavily neglected area and from health and environmental perspective it is extremely important. In the existing institutional models, sanitation is only considered as far as it is related to sewerage; those areas which are served by on-site sanitation including septic tanks are not taken care of. There are comprehensive guidelines on the design and even the operation of septic tanks (CPHEEO Guidelines) but they are either not known or not followed; there is no system in place to check if the septic tanks are designed and operated Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 13

14 Prof. Vinod Tare Mr. Walter Kling Dr. Karl-Ulrich Rudolph Dr. (Mrs) Regina Dube Mr. Dirk Walther Mr. Naga Sreenivas according to the existing guidelines. Training and certification program for service providers are not established. How to deal with the fact that there are septic tanks which can obviously not be emptied with mechanical equipment and that there is this manual scavengers prohibition law. Why there is an inter ministerial task force on integrated septage management. As the key interventions have to be taken at the state and local level and not at the national level. To divide the septage framework into the two components (1) the basic central plan outline and (2) the implementation framework outline is useful. The issue of SM is properly addressed in the CSP in the sense how to integrate septage management with the overall wastewater management framework. Present state of affairs on septage (sludge) management has been described very nicely and by and large correctly and boldly. Situation of the effluent from septic tank: What purpose is served by assigning roles to various agencies based on perception and without any evidences? What is the take of people using septic tank? Why they do not follow the recommended guidelines for design, de- sludging, etc. Need to look into the idea on cost and benefits of septage management. We should look at the employment opportunities in septage management rather than looking at more mechanized operations. Need to create awareness on why the responsibility of septage management is important. Employment opportunities should be developed in the septage management sector. Should be included in the value chain with local business development. The problem of septage management is huge. We need to have proper data to prove that we have a problem. What is refer to as Integrated Septage Management has to be looked from planning perspective also. Need to look into the informal process and integrated into formal process. Value chain approach is a good point. What does septage management in Indian context mean numbers, scale of issues, opportunities? Lack of evidence for all aspects propounded. Scope of the aspects covered under septage management black water, grey water, combined water, rain water. Feasibility of proposals suggested like creating the budget heads, formalization of private sector, KPIs. Absence of a road map (only a list of items to be done at different levels is presented) vis-à-vis current and future institutional settings. The cost of architecture proposed versus the benefits derived from the sector cost of administering the institutional set-up proposed versus the number of households to be benefitted at city level How different is this advisory from the previous advisory How does septage management as a function is supporting the achievement of universal sanitation at city level alongside other options centralized, decentralized, non-conventional, on-site The list of items / proposals at various levels need to be sub-categorized under Obligatory and optional functions to be administered. Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 14

15 II. Septage Management Advisory: Discourse on the building blocks of septage management There were three presentations given in this session. The first presentation was by Ms. Neelima Thota, ICF GHK on the design principles for septage management. Second presentation was by Dr. Raja Venkatramani on institutional and management requirements for septage management and third was given by Prof. Srinivas Chary on cornerstones for transition and roadmap for change. Snapshots of the presentation given by ICF GHK team during the meeting on the design principles and institutional and management requirements for septage management. Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 15

16 After the presentation given on the septage management the advisory committee discussed upon following points: It has been found that issue of septage management was neglected so far. Now, it is required to get this issue on top level. It is required to state the problem rather than looking into the structure. Look into the incentive structure for the house owner having septic tank. If the septage management issue has to be escalated then need to look into the real evidence (data) on the health impacts associated with septic tanks and sewage. There should be a strong role of the state pollution control boards and these boards have failed to recognize this problem. State pollution control boards must step inside to regularize this issue. Although NUSP took a lead role in sanitation but septage management is not covered enough in the city sanitation plan. The role of Deptt. of Drinking Water and Sanitation should be taken into account which is looking into the rural areas. The data on septic tanks for statutory towns and census towns increases the number of people having septic tanks. Therefore, this issue needs to be addressed. Need to include effluent management in the advisory which is a new subject. Write a paragraph on how does city sanitation plan and state sanitation strategy and septage management are dependent / linked to talk to each other. KPI (Key Performance Indicators) and SLB (Service Level Benchmark) to be integrated. Identifying drivers of septage management and their motivation. Address problems with regard of directly using septage in treatment plants Clearly define the roles of private/public sector Process of assessment and refurbishment of on-site assets Exploring grant mechanism to subsidize/gap fund the construction/refurbishment of on-site solutions (especially if the system gets transformed into a solid free sewer) III. Reality check on Septage management national advisory Purpose of this session was to ground proof the national advisory against the city advisories (Kochy, Shimla and Raipur) prepared by ICF - GHK. During this session, three groups were formed as per the cities and to discuss upon the roadmap for integrated septage management for local, state and national level. The group work exercise outcomes are discussed in the table below: City Groups Kochy Outcomes Ground proofing / Reality check Cochin is a coastal city with 6 lakhs population and around1.5 lakh households. The city has 74 wards. About 70 % of the households use septic tanks. The city is dense population (6340 /sq km), high rainfall and water table. Condition of Septic Tanks: o It is responsibility of households, no financial assistance is given to households to construct septic tanks, these tanks are designed and constructed by local masons, there is no design criteria enforced and no certification to masons. o Due to potential leakages from septic tanks contamination of groundwater and wells are occurring o Kerala Municipal Building Rules and bye-laws do not have specific provisions for regulating septic tank design and construction. However, some setback conditions exists such as distance from well, plot boundary. o TCP rules mandates site plan to indicate the location of septic tank, soak and house drainage o Awareness is limited based on field assessment. Septage desludging and transportation: o Desludging of sludge (response to overflowing tanks) takes place in 3 years (average) and it is household responsibility Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 16

17 o Desludging by private operators 75 vehicles, 35 owners, informal yet organized, self - regulation by the association. o Amount charged is about Rs / cleaning cycle. o There is no regulation and monitoring of desludging operation and transportation, no database, no certification, occupation safety issues. o Permits issued by RTA as applicable for transportation of waste water. o Limited awareness o About 2 lakh liters of septage (200 cu m) collected per day and waste is disposed in open drains or in the back waters. Septage treatment: o There is no treatment of the septage and the role assignment is also not clear. o Financial assistance being made available through KSUDP project. o There is a proposal for stand - alone septage treatment facility. The Court directive for district level sanitation task force. Co-treatment is also proposed. o The sewage treatment plants are there but with lack of treatment capacity. Integrated sewerage system is being implemented. o There is a proposal to co treat septage in the sewage treatment plant and tenders are being called for this. o There is also a proposal for re use and recycling of waste water under consideration. o The main challenge for all these activities is the resistance for land acquisition. Septage disposal: o The septage is disposed illegally. o District health department has provision to impose a penalty of Rs 10,000 for illegal dumping of waste water. o State Pollution Control Board does not regulate the septage management. o It is only the high rise buildings that need decentralized waste water treatment and consent from State Pollution Control Board. What should be the action plan for city, state and national level? City level action plan: o Integrating septage management in the sewerage system. o Promote operator models (PPP) for treatment. o To focus on design and construction of septic tanks there is need for amendment in the Kerala State Building Regulations for Septage Bye-laws. o Capacity building and strengthening of organizations including town planning and sanitation department. o Clear assignment of roles to urban local bodies o Accreditation of private operators o Certification of plumbers / masons etc. o Sensitization workshops with regard to septage management and in line with manual scavenging bill 2013 (involving private operators) o The Integrated Septage Management program should be led by State Sanitation Steering Committee at the State level (in sync with SASS) o Suggestion Need for Guidelines on Recycling and reuse National level action plan: o Sharp description of stages of integrated septage management including clear assignment of responsibilities (septic tanks, over flow management and sludge treatment and disposal (recycling)). o DPR Guidelines for integrated septage management including entrusted service provider. o Incentive fund which should be reform linked for integrated septage management projects. o Facilitate implementation of Manual Scavenging Act 2013 ( as related to septage management) o Emphasize more on capacity building and quality training. o Staffing norms for septage management as a reform condition. o Support guidelines for accreditation, certification, building bye laws, PPP models etc. Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 17

18 Shimla Raipur What should be the action plan for city, state and national level? City level action plan: o Proposed for city septage bye - law to regulate the entire value chain of septage management: which includes septic tank design and construction, training and certification of masons, accreditation of private service providers, permits for trucks / desludging vehicles, desludging manifests, discharge permit. o Need to find out that the architects / urban designers do they follow any standard design. Is there any mechanism to monitor and evaluate these? o Any monitoring and evaluation criteria to check that the septic tanks are constructed as the approved building plan. o Construction completion certificate check list to include the details of on-site management system including effluent management. o Holistic planning guideline for decision making regarding adoption of on-site including septage management. o Integrate septage management into overall city-level wastewater management. o Guideline for assessment of septic tanks qualitative / performance / efficiency/ effluent management. o SLB mechanism to continuously build on database and monitor. o Financial transparency to allow proper fund planning and management for septage management o Sewerage Cess charged across the entire population of city however service coverage is low the service for on-site sanitation to be provided through this fund. o ULB responsible for the on-site sanitation service delivery need for clarity on role for septage management. o Formalization of septage desludging services to address the manual scavenging issues and help implement the manual scavenging act sensitization and training of involved personnel. State level action plan: o State level sanitation steering committee to drive the septage management agenda in sync with State Sanitation Strategy. o Accord high priority and focus to septage for fund access. o Septage Bye-Law to be approved and published by the state for enforcement. o State level assessment on Septage Management fund for access through 14 th Finance Commission funds. o HP State Infrastructure Development Board to facilitate the framework for DPRs and promote PPP (Viability Gap Funding) in this sector. o Facilitate Subsidy for the retro-fitting of septic tanks. National level action plan: o Review of Design Standards IS 2470 standardization and consistent with CPHEEO Guidelines (including effluent management) o Environment Protection Act Discharge standards reuse/recovery standards / guidelines o Research Capacity Support for latest technologies o Monitoring and Evaluation Mechanisms through Pollution Control Boards o Review City Sanitation Planning guidelines for decentralized treatment options o Training & Certification for engaged workers. o Standard for using Septic tank in urban context o DPR Guidelines should be there. o Funding for septage management (retro-fitting) o Guidelines for Personnel Protective Equipment Implementation of Prohibition of Manual Scavengers Act. Ground proofing / Reality check Raipur city has total population of more than a million with approx. 200,000 households. About 65% of the households are dependent upon septic tanks. There is no sewage treatment plant and 7 oxidation ponds with a cumulative capacity of 40 MLD. The total length of trunk sewerage is 26 kms and laterals include 56 kms. The city level interventions are discussed below: National level action plan: o What is the structure to deliver funds from National State City Block Village level. Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 18

19 o Central Govt. will notify the Manual Scavenging Act. o Need for what is the definition of Manual Scavenging. As it is mentioned in the new Manual Scavenging Act that the people working with protected gears are not considered as manual scavengers. Therefore, what is coming as under protected gears needs to be looked into. o Septage management should become a recognized part of sanitation. o As a social implication, the program of livelihood cannot uplift at least one generation of people involved in manual scavenging activity. Education is only thing which can help in improving them. Education deptt. should provide extra support to this group. o What is not there in the sepatage management: There are no model bye laws for re- cycling of waste water, licensing of transporters, there is no compendium for designing of septic tanks, and there is no association dealing with management of septic tanks. Also, there is no protocol for characterization of septage. o Septage can be put to a kind of resource. But, needs awareness generation among people. o Septage management should be sold as political product / packaging. Political packaging of septage management is desired to be done so that the issue gets priority by way of policy focus and budget allocation: SSS is declared by the state govt. that includes septage management plans, all the cities have CSP that is inclusive of septage management plan and present targets are fixed with reference to improved septage management across cities. o We need to see whether septage management can be taken up as mission mode or not. State level action plan: o Stock taking at state level with reference to NUSP: Formulation / revision of state sanitation strategy, special focus on septage management in state sanitation strategy. o Revision of city sanitation plan with specific integrated septage management plan. City level action plan: o Combine septage treatment & disposal with STP o Combine septage treatment & disposal with SWM o SWM: concessionaire appointed for approx. 30 years o Deslugding services for septic tanks to be provided as a value added service by SWM contractor o Planned Decentralized sewerage network (in 8 zones): DPR prepared under JNNURM, sanction in process o In the short term, preferred solution is: RMC to procure vehicles for septage collection & transportation RMC to integrate the treatment with SWM treatment o In the long term, Technological Options Assessment to determine the integration with SWM or Sewage Management or both focusing on city wide approach o Institutional strengthening initiatives required in RMC for contract management and service delivery supervision. Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 19

20 Presentation of Shimla group work exercise on Reality check for Septage Management Raipur group work exercise on Reality check for Septage Management IV. Action points as suggested by TAC for national advisory on Septage management After the group work and presentations the following points were discussed by the TAC members have been summarized below: Taking this advisory to the Center level. [Responsibility: GIZ] Need for discussions with Ministry of Urban Development and CPHEEO to arrive at a structure and added value to the national advisory. In order to take it forward this document can become a supplementary package to the existing one. It is advisable to package it as a set of actions rather than advisory and called as Implementation Framework for Septage Management. [Responsibility: GIZ] Implementation framework document has to be worked out. [Responsibility: ICF-GHK] The national advisory has introduced the value chain for integrated septage management which is an added value with regard to the CPHEEO sewerage manual and Septage Management advisory. However the value-chain shall incorporate reuse aspects. Likewise other added values to be clearly emphasized. [Responsibility: ICF-GHK] Final review of the city advisories on septage management is required to be done. [Responsibility: ICF- GHK]. Individual meetings at state level are required based on the present findings / evidences. ICF GHK team to share draft presentations with GIZ before this meeting. [Responsibility: ICF-GHK together with GIZ] Considering the constructive role of Manual Scavenging Act not to become a preventive measure for people not getting involved in the sector (and by this losing their job). [Responsibility: ICF-GHK] Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 20

21 DPR guidelines for Septage Management [Responsibility: GIZ, ICF-GHK] Modify Septic Tank design through TCPO. [Responsibility: GIZ] Feedback from the Technical Advisory Committee members and way forward This session includes feedback given by the TAC members on the overall structure of the TAC meeting and how the advisory on Indian Water Utility and Septage Management can be taken forward. The discussion points have been summarized below: The Format of the workshop is high appreciated. There is a huge scope for involvement of private sector in the public utilities. But large countries like India will have large barriers (problems) compared to smaller countries which have smaller problems. The basic idea should be to promote professionalism rather than privatization. Dr. Karl Ulrich Rudolph Mr. Roland Schertenleib The reports for comments should have been shared well in advance, so that TAC members for comments. The concept of Water Utility and SM is interconnected and hence should be best utilized and leveraged before the Government. Septage Management can be a good opportunity for the Govt. of India to create visibility in the whole world. The final findings/reports to be shared with TAC What capacity/knowledge support in the field of Septage Management should be shared? Good team work (TAC + GIZ and Consultants) It was a good learning about political changes in India. Shimla case study is interesting. Mr. Walter Kling Dr. N.C Saxena All reports/advisories should contain Executive summary (gist) at the beginning of the report/advisories. GIZ may explore NAGUS and States as forums for endorsement (of the Advisories) and let them take ownership of the Advisories to give more weightage and visibility to the Advisories at the MoUD level Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 21

22 There was a fine balance between the theoretical and practical solutions Would like to explore (jointly with GIZ) any collaboration with Performance Assessment System (PAS) project. GIZ can have a round table discussion (for presenting the Advisories) with MoUD to make the process more formal and have serious visibility. Prof. Meera Mehta As a way forward, Technical Advisory Committee is on board but with a different format. Ministry of Urban Development is aware about this committee. It was suggested that the agenda of state sanitation strategy and TAC can be taken through existing National Advisory Group on Urban Sanitation (NAGUS). The workshop was ended with a vote of thanks by Dr. (Mrs.) Regina Dube, Program Director SNUSP, GIZ. Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 22

23 Annexure 1: Agenda DAY 1: 13 November 2013, Wednesday Inaugural Session 09:00 09:15 hrs Recap 1 st and 2 nd TAC and Objective setting for 3 rd TAC by Dr. (Mrs.) Regina Dube SESSION 1): INDIA WATER & SANITATION UTILITY 2020 (Organized and facilitated by CRISIL, participated by TAC and GIZ) 09:15 10:45 hrs Meta-Feedback on IWU national advisory: TAC members comment on the draft advisory prepared by CRISIL along the following key questions, a) What do you like about it? b) What is unclear to me? c) What are my suggestions? (TAC member are requested to prepare their key remarks and share with AG / GIZ in advance, 2 days will be helpful; to be pinned on soft board during the event!) 10:45 11:15 hrs TEA / COFFEE BREAK 11:15 13:00 hrs IWU National Advisory: Session on Building blocks and Binding Elements Advocacy discourse (Presentation by Dr. Ravikant Joshi): Highlighting the rationale for engagement with Water & Sanitation Utilities in India, 74 th CAA mandate, improved efficiencies in services and resources etc. A Proposal for Water & Sanitation Utilities in India (Presentation by Dr. Ravikant Joshi): will give detailed description of framework and its 8 distinct features (4 Building Blocks and 4 Binding Elements) focusing on how Utilities would look if indeed the proposal was implemented exemplified by examples - Transparency : definition and its practical manifestation - Autonomy : definition and its practical manifestation - Sustainable financing : definition and its practical manifestation - Accountability : definition and its practical manifestation (Hints for TAC members: To provide inputs, indicatively on reasonability of proposal and its feasibility a) legislative framework b) sector efficiency & services improvement c) consumer orientation d) enabling conditions) 30 minutes 2 presentations by CRISIL 60 minutes general discussion on the building blocks and binding elements 15 minutes moderated discussion on the results of the feedback session (have all questions been answered?) Hints for the session: Prepare Flip charts Prepare a card on does the advisory cater to the diversity in the country? Do the arguments find support from Indian best practice / global experiences? 13:00 14:00 hrs LUNCH BREAK 14:00 15:45 hrs IWU National Advisory 2020, contd. Roadmap to (process description) Utility establishment (Presentation by Mr. Abhay Kantak): with backdrop of four prevailing models in India, what steps and by whom with tentative milestones and timelines. Change and support management process (Presentation by Mr. K.K. Shrivastava) : focus on the SWOT analysis (reflecting stakeholder and policy landscape, description of risks and its management) - Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) - Steering structures - Support group - Stakeholder analysis (Private sector, civil society etc) 15:45 16:00 hrs TEA / COFFEE BREAK 30 minutes 2 presentations by CRISIL 75 minutes Verification of the Draft Road map for the National Advisory by the TAC members. What would we suggest on small and medium towns? What is the add-on to the existing National Advisory? Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 23

24 16:00 17:45 hrs Reality check of IWU National Advisory: Purpose of this session is to ground proof the national advisory against the city advisories prepared by CRISIL. Three groups will be formed for: (I) Shimla), (II) Raipur and (III) Kochi. Each group will comprise of 5 members namely, (i) one national TAC member, (ii) one international TAC member, (iii) one from CRISIL and (iv) two from GIZ (which includes one person for documentation) 10 minutes introduction on city advisory by CRISIL representative at each table / link to National Advisory 80 minutes Discussions 15 minutes Groups summarize their results How city advisory is linked to national advisory? Describe your solution and roadmap? Ground proofing to reality check / Evidence of the roadmap? 17:45 18:00 hrs Day conclusions and way forward DAY 2: 14 November 2013, Thursday 09:10 09:15 hrs Recap of the previous day by Dr. (Mrs.) Regina Dube 09:15 10:15 hrs Group presentation on reality check: three groups presenting their results from the previous session 15+5 minutes presentation + discussion by Shimla group 15+5 minutes presentation + discussion by Kochi group 15+5 minutes presentation + discussion by Raipur group 10: hrs Moderated discussion on the reality check (Regina Dube) 10:45 11:00 hrs Identification of the added values from the existing advisory for IWU 11:00 14:00 hrs SIDE EVENT WITH LUNCH Raja Agar Sen ki Baoli - A short walk to Hailey Road Connought Place for a visit to 103 step well of 14 th Century water conservation structure under protection of ASI SESSION 2):SEPTAGE MANAGEMENT (Organized and facilitated by ICF-GHK, participated by TAC and GIZ) 14:00 14:15 hrs Introduction on Septage Management national advisory 14:15 15:45 hrs Feedback session on Septage Management advisory: TAC members comment on the draft advisory prepared by ICF-GHK along the following key questions, a) What do you like about it? b) What is unclear to me? c) What are my suggestions? 15:45 16:15 hrs TEA / COFFEE BREAK 16:15 17:15 hrs ICF-GHK discourse on the building blocks of Septage Management Discourse on design principles (by Ms. Neelima Thota): Rationale for Septage Management in India and how it can be realized. Referring to the key problem of the conversion of unmanaged urban septic tank based sanitation into well managed and resource efficient systems in compliance with all health, environment and occupational safety related regulations and issues. Institutional & management requirements for Septage Management (by Prof. S. Chary): What are the important requirements to initiate the change process and create the enabling environment for gradual development? Who are the key players and key institutions to carry this process forward? 20 minutes Impact presentation (2) by ICF-GHK 40 minutes Discussion 17:15 18:00 hrs ICF-GHK discourse on the building blocks of Septage Management contd. Cornerstones of transition (by Mr. Videh Upadhyay): Each transition process requires continuous monitoring and milestones to measure the progress as well as identify further measures for improvement. Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 24

25 Road map for change (by Mr. Raja Venkataramani): Along with the experiences gained from city level advisories on septage management and along with the key design principles a roadmap provides guiding direction for States and city governments to initiate the process of change. 20 minutes impact presentation (2) by ICF-GHK 25 minutes Discussion 18:00 18:30 hrs Identification of the added values from the existing advisory/ies for Septage Management 30 minutes - moderated discussion 19:00 hrs DINNER HOSTED BY GIZ Venue HENRI S (2Oth Floor) Le Meridian New Delhi DAY 3: 15 November 2013, Friday 09:00 09:05 hrs Welcome by Regina Dube 09:05 10:50 hrs Reality check of national advisory: Purpose of this session is to ground proof the national advisory against the city advisories prepared by ICF-GHK. Three groups will be formed for: (I) Shimla), (II) Raipur and (III) Kochy. Each group will comprise of 5 members namely, (i) one national TAC member, (ii) one international TAC member, (iii) one from ICF-GHK and (iv) two from GIZ (which includes one person for documentation) 10 minutes introduction on city advisory by CRISIL representative at each table Raipur - Mr Videh Upadhyay Shimla - Ms Neelima Thota Kochi - Prof Srinivas Chary 80 minutes Discussion 15 minutes Groups summarize their results 10:50 11:15 hrs TEA / COFFEE BREAK 11:15 12:15 hrs Group presentation on reality check: three groups presenting their results from the previous session 15+5 minutes presentation + discussion by Shimla group 15+5 minutes presentation + discussion by Kochi group 15+5 minutes presentation + discussion by Raipur group 12:15 12:45 hrs Moderated discussion on the reality check (Regina Dube) 12:45 13:00 hrs Session conclusions and way forward for Septage Management 13:00 14:00 hrs LUNCH BREAK SESSION 3): WAY FORWARD FOR TAC (Organized and facilitated by GIZ and participated by TAC) 14:00 15:45 hrs Discussion on the way foward 15:45 16:00 hrs Concluding remarks (Regina Dube) Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 25

26 Annexure 2: List of Participants Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 26

27 Third Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Page 27