Course notes for B+E, D1, D1E, C1, C1E, C & C+E

Transcription

1 Course notes for B+E, D1, D1E, C1, C1E, C & C+E

2 Pass with the professionals The LGV driving course is run generally on a five day basis with one instructor and two candidates. The driving tests are carried out at the Guildford DSA test centre, although this could be subject to change. The course starts at 7.00 am and finishes at pm. Two half hour breaks are taken at convenient times during the day. EP Training operates a no smoking policy and it is requested that you do not smoke in the vehicles or EP s buildings. Good luck with your course and should you have any problems please do not hesitate to discuss them with your instructor or the office (telephone numbers at the back of this pack). We are an ISO 9001 registered organisation, ensuring quality and consistency throughout the duration of your course. ISO 9001 Cert no The driving test The driving test is carried out at Guildford DSA Driving Test Centre. The test times are: Winter Times Summer Times 8.20am 8.00am 10.05am 9.45am 12.05pm 11.45am 1.45pm 1.30pm The driving test consists of a series of exercises designed to show your level of knowledge and skill. You will arrive at the test centre with time to spare and wait in the waiting room for your examiner. The examiner will ask to see your driving licence (both parts) and your theory test and hazard perception certificate (if relevant). Make sure they are available. The driving test lasts for approximately 1½ hours and is carried out both at the test centre and on the road. 2

3 Tell Me, Show Me For Cat B+E, D1, D1E, C1, C1E, C and C+E, candidates will be asked five questions, which will be a combination of show me and tell me. For Cat B+E, D1E, C1E and C+E candidates will only be asked two questions, which will be a combination of show me and tell me. Tell me, show me question bank can be found in this pack. A driver fault is recorded for each incorrect answer and a serious fault is recorded if all questions are answered incorrectly. Park safely for loading/unloading ramp/platform This is more commonly called the reversing exercise and requires you to show your skill, observation and accuracy whilst reversing the vehicle in an area set to the relevant size of the vehicle (see back of this book). On the road Once on the road the examiner will direct you through a test route, which can be altered according to road and traffic conditions. The instructions given will be clear and concise but if you do not understand or hear them ask the examiner to repeat the instruction. Independent drive For a period of minutes you will be expected to follow the road signs and road markings to a specific destination, for example follow the A281 to Horsham. The driving test route will take you through all the various situations that you would expect to encounter on today s roads. You will be expected to carry out certain exercises on the road. As follows: Moving away Up-hill Down-hill At an angle On the level Moving off should be carried out under full control and with due care for other road users. You must not impair other road users progress when carrying out the manoeuvre. When moving away it is important that both mirrors and the blind spot are checked prior to moving off. 3

4 Use of gears It is important to be in the correct gear at all times. The gearbox can be used in a block gear change system. This means that blocks of gears can be changed at a time, for example 5th to 3rd without using the intermediate gear. This is alien to many drivers as they were originally taught to change down through the gears. This method generally not recommended when driving LGV vehicles with multi-gear gearboxes. REMEMBER! GEARS TO GO, BRAKES TO SLOW Use of mirrors When using mirrors, as with most things in life, it is better to get into a routine. For general use of the mirrors you should use a left, right routine but when moving to the left or right you should look for the most immediate danger first and last. Therefore, when turning left, you will be required to look in the left mirror first and then the right and then back to the left. Similarly for a right turn look right, left and right. Mirrors must be checked prior to changing direction, changing speed, signalling, and stopping. Mirrors should also be checked when passing obstructions or pedestrians on the nearside or being passed by on-coming large vehicle on the offside.(these are more commonly known as follow through checks} REMEMBER! ALWAYS CHECK YOUR MIRRORS Use of speed You must drive at a speed appropriate to the road and traffic conditions, make good progress when safe to do so, but do not exceed the legal speed limit for the vehicle or the type of road on which you are travelling. You must not travel too close or stop too close to the vehicle in front. REMEMBER! ONLY A FOOL BRAKES THE TWO SECOND RULE 4

5 Road junctions Once again routine comes into play when negotiating road junctions. The routine used is the MSMPSL (mirror, signal, manoeuvre, position, speed, look) and that is the basis for all successful junction discipline. Good observation is essential, forward plan. Look ahead for road markings and other information signs that might help you. Observation (information given by examiner) Mirrors (for traffic to the rear or close proximity) Signal (if required) Position (depends upon the hazard and size of your vehicle) Speed (reduce speed with foot brake) Gear (select appropriate gear) So that you arrive at the junction in the appropriate position at the correct speed and correct gear. REMEMBER! LOOK AND DECIDE BEFORE YOU ACT 5

6 Roundabouts Signalling at roundabouts must not confuse other road users, so there is a simple procedure to follow. Once again we adopt the MSMPSL routine when negotiating roundabouts. REMEMBER! ALWAYS LISTEN CAREFULLY TO THE EXAMINER S INSTRUCTION Turning left first exit Signal left as you approach Keep towards the left hand lane, allowing for your size of vehicle Give way to traffic from the right Continue to signal until you have exited the roundabout Following the road ahead Do not signal on the approach Keep towards the left hand lane (may vary depending on road markings) Give way to traffic from the right Go round the roundabout keeping towards the left hand lane Signal left after passing the exit before the one you want Continue to signal until you have exited the roundabout Turning right Signal right as you approach Keep towards the right hand lane Give way to traffic from the right Go around the roundabout towards the right hand lane, keep signalling right Signal left after passing the exit before the one you want Change to left hand lane (safely) Continue to signal left until you have exited the roundabout 6

7 Clearance to other vehicles Adequate clearance must be given when passing parked vehicles, pedestrians, and other road users. Remember you are driving a vehicle that is a lot wider than you may be used to. Be prepared to give way or stop, you must not use the size of your vehicle to intimidate other road users. REMEMBER! THE SMALLER THE GAP, THE SLOWER THE SPEED Observation It is essential that whilst driving you are aware of the road signs and road markings. You may have to look for signs that you did not concern you before the course, e.g. height, width, and weight restrictions. Traffic lights require closer observation as LGVs require more distance to stop. You must look for the tell tale signs as you approach (how long have they been green or red). Road positioning and lane discipline Keep to the left wherever possible. You may not always be able to be completely in your lane but in this instance take the room your vehicle needs but not more than you require. There will be times when there is not enough room for two vehicles side by side, on these occasions we use a system called defensive driving, thus positioning the vehicle in such a way to use both lanes. This is called dominating the approach to the hazard. When dominating it must be done with due regard to other road users. Anticipate the actions of other road users Other road users means any other person who could affect your actions. They may be in charge of a vehicle or an animal, such as horse riders. They may be a pedestrian near a pedestrian crossing. They may not have seen you and take ill-considered action but still you must be ready for this and take appropriate measures. Cross the path of and meet other vehicles You must not impair the progress of other road users this does not mean you must give way on all occasions but you must take due care and be prepared to give way. The general rule is don t make anyone slow down, stop or change direction as a result of your actions. 7

8 LGV Tell Me, Show Me Question Bank Question Show me how you would check that all doors including cargo doors are secure Show how you would check for air leaks on this vehicle Tell me the main safety factors involved in loading this vehicle Tell me how you would check the condition of the reflectors on this vehicle Tell me how you would check the condition of the windscreen and windows on this vehicle Show me how you would check the condition of the mudguards on this vehicle Tell me how you would check your tyres to ensure that they are correctly inflated, have sufficient tread depth and that their general condition is safe to use on the road Tell me how you would check the condition of the windscreen wipers on this vehicle Tell me how you would check the condition of the body is safe on this vehicle Answer All doors must be closed and locking levers for cargo doors are set in the recommended secured position Charge the air tanks; consult gauges for drops in air pressure. Walk round vehicle listening for any obvious leaks The load should be evenly distributed throughout the length of the vehicle so as not to affect control while the vehicle is being driven. Any load must be carried so that it does not endanger other road users. It must be securely stowed within the size and weight limits for the vehicle. The load needs to be secure so that it cannot move or fall from the vehicle when cornering or braking Ensure that all reflectors are fitted, clean and functional (not cracked or broken) The windscreen and windows must be clean, clear and free from defects. No mascots or sticker/s that restricts view As part of the daily walk-round check ensure mudguards and spray suppression equipment are secure. Follow manufacturers guide, using appropriate equipment, check and adjust pressures when tyres are cold. Must have a tread depth of at least 1mm across ¾ of the breadth of the tread and in a continuous band around the entire circumference. There should be no cuts, damage or signs of cord visible at the sidewalls Windscreen wipers must operate. Blades should be in good condition As part of a daily walk-round, ensure the body is fully roadworthy and there are no significant defects. No loose panels or items, which could endanger other road users. All inspection panels must be secure 8

9 Show me how you check for the correct air pressure on this vehicle Identify where you would check the engine oil level and tell me how you would check that the engine has sufficient oil Show me how you would check the wheel nuts are secure on this vehicle. Show me how you would check the operation (specify horn, warning device for reversing) of the audible warning devices on this vehicle Tell me how you would check the condition of the suspension on this vehicle Show me how you would check that the brake lights are working on this vehicle (I can assist you, if you need to switch the ignition on, please don t start the engine) Identify how you would check the engine coolant level and tell me how you would check that the engine has the correct level Show me how you would check that the headlamps, sidelights & tail lights are working Show me how you would replace the tachograph on this vehicle Tell me how you would operate the loading mechanism on this vehicle (vehicle specific i.e. tail lift) Show me / explain how you would check that the power assisted steering is working Ensure gauges are reading the correct pressures for the vehicle and that all warning lights are extinguished and audible warning devices are not sounding Identify dipstick / oil level indicator, describe check of oil level against the minimum/maximum markers A visual check to identify any nuts that are obviously loose, and check that the wheel nut indicators (if fitted) are in alignment. Demonstrate use of control As part of a daily walk-round check, suspension should be checked for any obvious signs of deterioration of damage Operate brake pedal, make use of reflections in windows, garage doors, etc, or ask someone to help Identify high/low level markings on header tank where fitted or radiator filler cap, and describe how to top up to correct level Explain. Operate switch (turn on ignition if necessary), walk round vehicle Candidate to demonstrate how to insert tachograph disc. Digital tachographs may require an explanation if the candidate does not have a digital card Candidate should be able to explain briefly the correct operation and safe working practice of specific machinery fitted to the vehicle, e.g. tail lift, kneeling bus. If the steering becomes heavy the system may not be working properly. Before starting a journey two simple checks can be made. Gentle pressure on the steering wheel, maintained while the engine is started, should result in a slight but noticeable movement as the system begins to operate. Alternatively turning the steering wheel just after moving of will give an immediate indication that the power assistance is working 9

10 Show me how you would check that the direction indicators are working Identify where the windscreen washer reservoir is and tell me how you would check the windscreen washer level Show me what instrument checks you would make before and after starting the engine on this vehicle Show me where the first aid equipment is kept on the vehicle Show me how you would clean the windscreen using the windscreen washer and wipers Show me how you would set the windscreen demister to clear the windscreen effectively Show me how you would switch on the rear fog light(s) and explain when you would use it/them. (No need to exit vehicle) Show me how you would switch your headlight from dipped to main beam. Applying the indicators or hazard warning switch and check the functioning of all indicators Identify reservoir and explain how to check level Check to make sure all gauges and warning systems are working. Ensure all gauges are reading correctly and that warning lights / audible warning devices are extinguished before moving away Candidate to indicate equipment if carried. Where equipment is not present, candidates should be able to explain under what circumstances (i.e. vehicle types, loads carried) it must be provided Operate control to wash and wipe windscreen (turn ignition on if necessary) Set all relevant controls including fan, temperature, air direction / source and heated screen to clear windscreen and windows. Engine does not have to started for this. Operate switch (turn on ignition and dipped headlights if necessary). Check warning light is on. Explain use Operate switch (with ignition on if necessary), check the main beam warning light Depending on the type of vehicle the following questions will continue to be asked in addition to the combination used on test Are you satisfied that your cab locking mechanism is secure? Show me where the emergency exits are and how you would check that they are operating correctly 10

11 Extra Tell Me, Show Me Questions for BE, C1E and D1E Q. Tell me how you make sure your head restraint is correctly adjusted so it provides the best protection in the event of a crash. A. The head restraint should be adjusted so the rigid part of the head restraint is at least as high as the eye or top of the ears, and as close to the back of the head as is comfortable. N.B. Some restraints might not be adjustable. Q. Tell me the main safety factors involved in loading this vehicle. A. The load should be distributed evenly throughout the trailer. Heavy items should be loaded as low as possible so that they are mainly over the axle(s). Bulkier, lighter items should be distributed to give a suitable nose weight at the towing coupling. The nose weight should never exceed the vehicle manufacturer s specification. Q. Tell me the main safety factors involved in securing a load on this vehicle. A. Any load must be carried so that it does not endanger other road users. It must be securely stowed within the size and weight limits for the vehicle. The load needs to be secure so that it cannot move or fall from the vehicle when cornering or braking. Q. Show me how you would check that your vehicle and trailer doors are secure. A. Physical checks should be made to ensure that windows, roof-light and all doors, including cargo doors, are properly closed. 11

12 Draw-bar vehicle un-coupling & re-coupling Un-coupling 1. Find firm, level ground, where the trailer can be left In a safe, lawful and convenient place (tell examiner) 2. Apply trailer parking brake 3. Lower trailer leg to the ground, stow handle 4. Disconnect air lines and electrical leads (stow in holders provided) 5. Lift the un-coupling levers 6. Move forward slowly and reverse alongside the trailer 7. Remove the number plate from trailer (tell examiner) 8. Lower under-run bar (tell examiner) 9. Finally re-check trailer parking brake Re-coupling 1. Check trailer parking brake is on 2. Carry out full trailer safety check 3. Drive truck forward and reverse towards trailer stopping approx 3 meters apart 4. Lift coupling pin and check coupling height of trailer 5. Lift under-run bar (tell examiner) 6. Reverse onto the trailer until pin is fully engaged 7. Select a low gear and pull forward two or three times to check coupling is securely engaged 8. Reconnect air and electrical lines 9. Fully wind up trailer leg and stow the handle 10. Release the trailer brake 11. Replace the trailer number plate (tell examiner) 12. Finally request from the examiner a light, indicator and rolling brake light test 12

13 Close coupled semi-trailer Un-coupling 1. Apply the trailer parking brake 2. Lower the trailer legs and stow the handle 3. Release the safety clip and pull the king-pin lever 4. Carefully move the tractor unit forward a little to give access to the air and electrical lines, and apply the tractor parking brake 5. Climb between the cab and trailer to release the air and electrical lines Now park the tractor unit alongside the trailer and climb from the cab to meet the instructor/examiner, who will ask you to re=couple to the trailer assuming it s a different vehicle which you have not seen before Walk around the trailer carrying out your daily checks starting at the trailer parking brake, you must put your hand on the parking brake Re-coupling 1. Reverse up to the trailer stopping approx. one metre away, dismount from the cab and check the height of the trailer against the height of the fifth wheel 2. Reverse under the trailer making sure that you stop short, in order to allow access to the air and electrical lines 3. Climb up behind the cab and connect the air and electrical lines 4. Reverse fully under the trailer until you hear the king-pin lock onto the trailer 5. Select a low forward gear and tug forwards at least twice, apply the tractor parking brake 6. Wind up the trailer legs and stow the handle 7. Release the trailer parking brake Important: Now ask the instructor/examiner to assist you in checking the trailer lights, then finally climb back into the cab and move the vehicle forward half a metre, stop, apply the parking brake and switch off the engine Note: If you re on test stay in the cab and the examiner will join you 13

14 The reversing exercise Candidates will be asked to carry out the reversing exercise. At the end of the reversing bay will be a simulated loading platform. The candidates will be required to reverse up to the platform and park safely for loading and unloading. The candidate will be required to stop with the extreme rear of the vehicle within a stopping area marked by black and yellow hatched lines. Stopping short of the marked area will be assessed as a serious fault. Reversing through the marked stopping area and dislodging the simulated loading/unloading platform will be assessed as a serious fault. To avoid this problem you are able stop the vehicle and dismount once to check your position and make just one further adjustment if required, you are not allowed a second dismount. Useful numbers Should you need to contact your instructor, please dial: Paul Crowley Paul Andrews Sean Pargeter Andy Gibbs John Curran Graham Gregory George Hancox EP Main Office

15 Sample Test Sheet Further information If you require more information, please contact our office on or visit our website 15

16 EP Training Services Ltd is approved by the Joint Approvals Unit for Periodic Training (ACO 110) to conduct Driver CPC training on a nationwide basis. All LGV courses are conducted by DSA registered instructors. EP Training Services is situated in Great Bookham, Surrey, within easy reach of the M25 (Junction 9) and less than 25 miles from Gatwick and Heathrow. EP TRAINING SERVICES LTD The Old Library, Lower Shott, Leatherhead Road, Bookham, Leatherhead, Surrey KT23 4LR Tel: Fax: info@eptraining.co.uk ISO 9001 Cert no EP Training is an ISO registered company All courses can be booked online or call VERSION 105 OCT 2015