DESIGN AND FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF MR FLUID DAMPER FOR STRUCTURAL VIBRATION MITIGATION

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1 International Journal o Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 7, Iue 4, July Aug 2016, pp , Article ID: IJMET_07_04_014 Available online at Journal Impact Factor (2016): (Calculated by GISI) ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: IAEME Publication DESIGN AND FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF MR FLUID DAMPER FOR STRUCTURAL VIBRATION MITIGATION G. Sailaja Aitant Proeor, Dept. o Mech. Engineering, MJCET, Omania Univerity, Hyderabad, Telangana, India N. Seetharamaiah Proeor, Dept. o Mech. Engineering, MJCET, Omania Univerity, Hyderabad, Telangana, India M. Janardhana Proeor, Dept. o Civil Engineering, JNTUHCEH (A), Hyderabad, Telangana, India ABSTRACT Magnetorheological (MR) Fluid are material that repond to an applied magnetic ield with a dramatic change in rheological behavior. An MR Fluid i a ree-lowing liquid in the abence o magnetic ield, but under a trong magnetic ield it vicoity can be increaed by more than two order o magnitude in a very hort time (milliecond) and it exhibit olid-like characteritic. MR Fluid Damper, baed on MR Fluid, have been hown to be emi-active control device that meh well with application demand and contraint to oer an attractive mean o controlling the intenity o vibration in tructure due to their mechanical implicity, high dynamic range, low power requirement, large orce capacity and robutne. The ocu o thi work i to deign and analyze the MR Fluid Damper in order to uppre the tructural vibration. Following an overview o the eential eature o MR Fluid Damper, thi paper dicue the deign eature o MR Fluid Damper i.e. hydraulic circuit and magnetic circuit and analyze the ame or tructural vibration control. Key word: MR Fluid, MR Fluid Damper, Magnetic Circuit, Magnetic Flux, Structural Vibration

2 G. Sailaja, N. Seetharamaiah and M. Janardhana Cite thi Article: G. Sailaja, N. Seetharamaiah and M. Janardhana, Deign and Finite Element Analyi o MR Fluid Damper For Structural Vibration Mitigation, International Journal o Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 7(4), 2016, pp INTRODUCTION Magneto-rheological (MR) luid are the upenion o micron ized, magnetiable particle (iron, iron oxide, iron nitride, iron carbide, carbonyl iron, chromium dioxide, low-carbon teel, ilicon teel, nickel, cobalt, and combination thereo [1]) in an appropriate carrier liquid (non-magnetiable) uch a mineral oil, ynthetic oil, water or ethylene glycol. The carrier liquid erve a a dipered medium and enure the homogeneity o particle in the luid. A typical MR luid conit o percent by volume o relatively pure, 3-10 micron diameter iron particle, upended in a carrier liquid [2]. They are ield reponive in nature and the magneto-rheological repone o thee luid lie in the act that the polarization i induced in the upended particle by the application o an external magnetic ield. Thi allow the luid to tranorm rom reely lowing liquid tate to olid-like tate within milliecond, becaue the magnetically dipered particle attract each other to orm ibril/chain-like tructure along the direction o magnetic ield. The chain-like tructure reit the motion o the luid and increae it vicou characteritic. Such behavior o MR luid i analogou to Bingham platic (non-newtonian luid) capable o developing a yield tre [3]. Fig.1 how the yntheized MR luid (Carrier luid- Silicone Oil and Magnetiable particle- Carbonyl Iron o around 8 µm) incluive o additive [4] Figure 1 MR Fluid A avorable arrangement conit o particle chain aligned in the direction o the applied ield and thi, in turn, give rie to a trong reitance to applied train (Fig. 2)

3 Deign and Finite Element Analyi o MR Fluid Damper For Structural Vibration Mitigation Figure 2 Activation o MR luid (Courtey, Lord Corporation, USA) The yield tre developed within the MR luid i a unction o the applied magnetic ield. However, once thi yield tre i exceeded, the behavior o the MR luid deviate rom that o a Bingham platic. Thi i attributable to the breakdown o the chain o particle under the orce o the luid low, and reult in a heartre/hear-rate characteritic that i highly non-linear. When ued in a damping device, the reult i a damper whoe orce/velocity characteritic i non-linear, but can be changed by the way the magnetic ield i applied [5]. Recent devatating earthquake around the world have undercored the tremendou importance o undertanding the way in which civil engineering tructure repond during uch dynamic event. The magnitude Northridge Earthquake death toll wa 57, and more than 9,000 people were injured, and more than 20,000 were diplaced rom their home by the eect o the quake. In addition to earthquake, trong wind can alo reult in unprecedented devatation along their path. The tructure deigned to upport the high peed engine are ubjected to inherent unbalance which caue vibrational problem. The unbalance may be due to aulty deign or poor manuacture. Vibration caue notable mechanical ailure in turbine blade and dic vibration are tough to control. 2. DESIGN FEATURES OF MR DAMPER 2.1. Hydraulic Circuit Deign The MR luid damper device operate in preure driven low mode (PDF). During motion o the MR damper piton, luid low in the annular gap between the piton and the cylinder houing. For quai-tatic analyi o MR luid damper, aume that: 1) MR damper move at a contant velocity; 2) MR luid low i ully developed; 3) a imple Bingham platicity model may be employed to decribe the MR luid behavior. In an analogou ahion the preure drop developed in a device baed on preure driven low mode i commonly aumed to reult rom the um o a vicou component P η and a ield dependent induced yield tre component Pτ. Thi preure may be approximated by: P = P 12 η Q L + Pτ = g w η 3 c τ + g where L, g and w are the length, gap and width o the low channel between the ixed pole, Q i the volumetric low rate, η i the luid vicoity with no applied ield and τ o i the yield tre developed in repone to an applied ield. The parametric c ha a value ranging rom a minimum value o 2 (or λ < 1) to a maximum value o 3 (or λ > 100 ). Where λ i control ratio or dynamic range ( λ = Pτ / Pη ) [6]. In the preent tudy the propoed MR luid damper ha a gap o 0.4mm, pole length o 12mm, diameter o cylinder 40mm, mean diameter o o L (1) 145

4 G. Sailaja, N. Seetharamaiah and M. Janardhana 39.2mm,width o the piton mm, luid vicoity o 0.107Pa-S and yield tre o 46.5kPa. The maximum velocity i aumed to be 0.2m/ [6]. With thee parameter the maximum preure i calculated to be 4MPa. Thi preure value i taken a maximum load condition or the analyi o the damper Magnetic Circuit Deign The typical deign proce or a magnetic circuit i a ollow: (1) Determine the magnetic induction B in the MR luid to give deired yield tre τ y For τ y = 46.5kPa, B =0.85T. (2) Determine the magnetic ield intenity H in the MR luid. For B =0.85T, H =250kA/m. (3)The total magnetic induction lux i given by Φ= B A, where A i eective pole area including the ringe o magnetic lux. Becaue o the continuity o magnetic induction lux, the magnetic induction B in the teel i given by B Φ B A = = (2) A A 3 A = m², 3 AS = m² and B =1.135T. (4) Determine the magnetic ield intenity H in the teel uing. For B =1.135T, H =0.8kA/m. (5) By uing Kircho Law o magnetic circuit, the neceary number o amp-turn (NI) i NI= H L = H g H L (3) i i + Where L= length o teel path which i equal to L + L. NI i calculated a 159 amp-turn. Taking I=2A, yield N= ANALYSIS OF MR DAMPER The MR damper wa deigned uing SolidWork Fig.3 and the model wa mehed uing Hypermeh. c Figure 3 Sectional View o Damper 146

5 Deign and Finite Element Analyi o MR Fluid Damper For Structural Vibration Mitigation 3.1. Structural Analyi Analyi o the MR damper wa done uing ANSYS 16.0 and variou reult were obtained. The tructural analyi o MR damper i important or predicting the behavior o the damper under variou load condition a well a internal preure change. The MR damper i made o low-carbon teel whoe young modulu i 210 GPa and denity o 7850 kg/m³.the MR luid i MRF-132DG, produced by the LORD Corporation, USA. Figure 4 Mehed Damper Figure 5 Von-Mie Stre in Damper Figure 6 Von-Mii Stre in Cylinder 147

6 G. Sailaja, N. Seetharamaiah and M. Janardhana Figure 7 Von-Mie Stre in Piton Figure 8 Von-Mie Stre in Piton Rod Figure 9 Von-Mie Stre in Hollow Rod 148

7 Deign and Finite Element Analyi o MR Fluid Damper For Structural Vibration Mitigation Figure 10 Von-Mie Stre in Bronze Plate Figure 11 Von-Mie Stre in Cover Plate 3.2. Magnetic Analyi The magnetic analyi o the damper i done to veriy the magnetic ield trength o the coil, or the deigned air gap o 0.4mm and optimal reult were obtained. Figure 12 Magnetic Flux Denity in Air Gap 149

8 G. Sailaja, N. Seetharamaiah and M. Janardhana Figure 13 Magnetic Flux Denity in Piton Figure 14 Magnetic Flux Denity in Damper Finite element model o the MR damper i created by uing element type Solid45. Preure analyi o the model i carried out or the maximum preure o 4MPa which i applied on the internal urace o the cylinder and all DOF contraint are given on the eye nut. 4. CONCLUSIONS The tructural (preure) analyi or the propoed MR damper i preented. It i clear rom the Figure 5-11 that the tre developed in the damper i well with-in the limit o the material. Figure 12 how that the magnetic lux denity i maximum at the air gap. Hence it can be concluded that the dimenion and variou parameter calculated or the development o the damper are ae and the MR damper can be ued or mitigation o tructural vibration

9 Deign and Finite Element Analyi o MR Fluid Damper For Structural Vibration Mitigation REFERENCES [1] Kciuk, M., Kciuk, S, and Turczyn, R. Magnetorheological characterization o carbonyl iron baed upenion, Journal o Achievement in Material and Manuacturing Engineering, 33, 2009, pp [2] Shinichi KAMIYAMA, Kazuo KOIKE and Zhi-ShanWANG Rheological Characteritic o Magnetic Fluid, JSME International Journal, 30, (263), 1987, pp [3] Yukio TOMITA Flow o Non-Newtonian Fluid, JSME International Journal, 30(270), 1987, pp [4] Seetharamaiah, N. and Praanna kumar, G. Characterization o Syntheized Magneto-rheological (MR) Fluid. Proceeding o the Second International Conerence on Advance in Material Proceing and Characteriation, 2, 2013 pp [5] Gheorghe GHITA, Mariu GIUCLEA and Tudor SIRETEANU Modeling o Dynamic Behavior o Magneto-rheological Fluid Damper by Genetic Algorithm Baed Invere Method. The 6 th International Conerence on Hydraulic Machinery and Hydrodynamic, Timioara, Romania, 2004 pp [6] Sailaja, G., Seetharamaiah, N. and Janardhana, M. Modeling the Dynamic behavior o MR Fluid Damper or Structural Vibration Mitigation. International Conerence on Advanced Material and Manuacturing Technologie, Dec pp [7] Mukund A. Patil, Swapnil Sapkale, Sagar Soni, Vijay Sarvaiya, Vihal Parekh, Theoretical and Experimental Studie on Magnetorheological Fluid Damper with DC Input. International Journal o Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 3(2), 2012, pp [8] Attia E. M., Nar A. M., El Gamal H.A. and El Souhily B.M., Repone o Car Seat Supended by A Magneto-Rheological (MR) Damper. International Journal o Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 4(3), 2013, pp [9] Nitin H. Ambhore, Shyamundar D. Hivarale and Dr. D. R. Pangavhane, A Comparative Study o Parametric Model o Magnetorheological Fluid Supenion Damper. International Journal o Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 4(1), 2013, pp [10] Xiaojie Wang and Faramarz Gordaninejad Flow Analyi and Modeling o Field- Controllable, Electro- and Magneto-Rheological Fluid Damper, Journal o Applied Mechanic, ASME, 74, 2007, pp