w+b Materials Testing Systems

Transcription

1 w+b Materials Testing Systems w+b walter+bai ag Testing Machines Industriestrasse 4, 8224 Löhningen, Switzerland, Tel. +41 (0) , Fax +41 (0) / Internet:

2 Copyright 2008 walter+bai ag Testing Machines All right reserved. All data subject to modifications without notice. Version 3.1 / / pw 2 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

3 Section Guide w+b Introduction Page 5 A Electromechanical Testing Machines Page 23 B Servohydraulic Testing Machines Page 55 C Dynamic Testing Systems Page 69 D Customer Specific Testing Machines Page 93 E Rotary Bending Testing Machines Page 99 F Pendulum Impact Testers Page 107 G Servo-Actuator Testing Installations Page 121 H Internal Pressure Testing Systems Page 133 I Modernisations of Existing Machines Page 139 J Software and Digital Controllers Page 151 K Accessories for Materials Testing Page 171 walter+bai ag Testing Machines 3

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5 walter+bai ag Testing Machines Introduction walter+bai ag Testing Machines Industriestrasse 4, 8224 Löhningen, Switzerland, Tel. +41 (0) , Fax +41 (0) / Internet:

6 w+b Introduction walter+bai ag Testing Machines Introduction walter+bai ag Testing Machines supplies a wide range material testing machines and systems for the safety and quality of materials, industrial products and buildings. Mechanical testing is carried out in many industrial sectors, such as the automotive and aircraft industry, metal industry, plastic and rubber industry, the chemical industry, construction industry, bio mechanics as well as institutes and universities. Serving this industries for more than 35 years, walter+bai ag Testing Machines benefit from the company s extensive experience in producing material testing systems and equipment to meet this wide range of applications. Due to our considerable engineering capabilities we are able to offer not only standard testing machines but also customized solutions or complete installations for physical testing laboratories world-wide. To ensure you obtain the maximum rewards from your investment, our accredited calibration laboratory guaranties that excellent after-sale service and verification facilities are available for your installation. Profile We are renowned for the production of high quality systems. Due to our continuous research and development policy as well as actively collaborating with our customers and suppliers we have always maintained the very high product standard ever since the company was founded in 1970 by Armin Walter and Alfred Bai in Löhningen. The sales, design and manufacturing divisions associated with testing machines has grown due to the constant interaction with a multitude of clients and the systematic realisation of their requirements. Our product range has been steadily expanded and our service sector activities extended to meet growing demands. The unique position of w+b in the field of material testing machines can be attributed to the fact that their specialised know-how related to material testing is being constantly updated whilst offering custom designed products and services. A well qualified and highly motivated staff coupled with an efficient organisational structure forms the backbone of w+b upon which you can depend for know-how, competence and reliable performance. Proficient in Technology: «Specific testing tasks demand appropriate testing equipment!». This is our motto. Therefore, besides our standard range of testing machines, we have developed a number of customized testing machines for static and dynamic material and component testing. Applications In the automotive industry comprehensive tests are required to ensure long life and maximum safety, requirements for high speeds, driving comfort and cost effective production are fulfilled. For the car bodywork, tensile and flexural tests are carried out on sheet metals or plastic. Many engine components, axles, gearbox or whole assemblies are tested on there fatigue behaviour. Aircraft components are subjected to particularly complex stresses. A failure of important components will seriously endanger people s lives. The demand for more lighter constructions makes the selection of suitable material importance. This materials are in particular tested by tensile and fracture mechanics as well as life-like simulation under operating conditions. In the rail sector, tests such as tensile testing of weld joints on locomotives or wagons or testing of rails and sleepers are of vital importance. The energy sector is vital for our modern society. Development in this industry will lead to considerably higher material stressing and the use of new materials. Testing such as under high temperatures will be an indispensable prerequisite for ensuring the quality during the operation. Constructions such as towers, high-rise buildings and bridges are also subjected to considerable stresses, caused by shocks, wind or earthquakes. Public safety as well as economical construction measures are both important factors. A continuous exchange of information s with research and scientific organisations provides the high calibre of test technology required for our testing machines. The high reputation of our testing machines and systems for all these industries is based on trendsetting technologies, excellent quality and reliable service elements of our mission to help our customers design, develop and produce their products quicker, in high quality and at a lower cost. 6 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

7 Introduction Our Products and Services fabrication of material testing machines and systems customer specific universal testing machines static and dynamic testing machines, servohydraulic and electromechanically activated electronic measuring and control systems digital measuring and control systems hydraulic power packs single actuator machines clamping arrays for component testing testing machines for construction materials measuring equipment modernisation of existing testing machines in a modular way maintenance and calibration impeccable after sales service customer support project management, technical consultancy, planning and procurement From product development and fabrication, up to the final inspection, we are committed to highest quality standards. Therefore our products are characterised by minimal maintenance and trouble-free performance. ISO 9001:2000 Certified w+b business management systems, formally accredited to the ISO 9001:1994 standard, is certified to the latest incarnation of this standard. ISO 9001:2000 has evolved from the previous version to have a more customer orientated approach focusing on the need to meet customer requirements and achieve customer satisfaction. Swiss TS approval to ISO 9001:2000 shows that w+b business management systems continue to not only follow the best industry practice, but to ensure that w+b is steadfast in maintaining its commitment and dedication to its clients. w+b After-Sale and Calibration Service The maintenance and service work on your material test equipment is executed by our specialists with highest attention. With the experience of 35 years! Highly precise computer-aided calibration equipment guarantees a calibration according to the latest standards. Our calibration laboratory is certified according to ISO / IEC which is recognised through the Multilateral Agreement (MLA) for EA - European Cooperation for Accreditation. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 7

8 w+b Maintenance and Calibration of Your Material Testing Installations Introduction Accreditated Calibration Laboratory with Accreditation Number: SCS 068 Our Services The maintenance and service work on your material test equipment is executed by our specialists with highest attention. With the experience of 40 years! Highly precise computer-aided calibration equipment guarantees a calibration according to the latest standards. Our calibration laboratory is certified according to ISO / IEC which is recognised through the Multilateral Agreement (MLA) for EA - European Cooperation for Accreditation. We are accredited Calibration Laboratory for: Force - Tension & Compression Pressure Length - Displacement & Deformation Hardness Energy (Impact Tester) Professional Maintenance Work Calibration Conforming to Internat. Standards walter+bai ag Calibration Laboratory for Material Testing Machines according to ISO / IEC The maintenance and calibration through one hands by our specialists with many years of experience assure a reliable execution. Your savings: no extra costs for an additional calibration by a further official calibration institute, since we are an accredited calibration laboratory. 8 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

9 Introduction Calibration Offer Survey Measuring Units Range Conditions Uncertainty Force: Tension and Compression Testing Machines Tension and Compression Testing Machines Compression Testing Machines 2 N N 0.2 kn kn 20 N N 20 kn kn 400 kn - 5 MN with force block with load cell Class 0.5 according to ISO and ASTM E4 with load cell Class 1 according to ISO and ASTM E4 with load cell Class 1 according to ISO and ASTM E4 according to EN , ISO 376 and ASTM E % to 0.12% 0.06% to 0.12% 0.12% to 0.24% w+b Pressure: Static Pressure Gauges Length: Extensometer Deformation Transducer, Dial Gauges Piston Stroke or Cross Beam Travel. 0 bar - 20 bar 20 bar bar 500 bar bar 0.3%, but not smaller than 20 mbar 0.2% 0.3% up to 50 mm Resolution 0.1 µm according to SN EN / ( L) µm Resolution 0.5 µm EN ISO 9513 and ASTM E83 ( L) µm Resolution 1 µm ( L) µm up to 60 mm Resolution 1 µm Resolution 2 µm Resolution 10 µm Calibration Device KMF1 ( L) µm ( L) µm ( L) µm 300 mm ( L) mm Hardness: Brinell-Hardness Hardness procedure HBW ISO Test blocks according to ISO Error max. according to procedure standards Rockwell--Hardness Hardness procedure HRB, HRC ISO Test blocks according to ISO Error max. according to procedure standards Vickers--Hardness Hardness procedure HV ISO Test blocks according to ISO Error max. according to procedure standards Energy: Impact Tester 15 J J according to SN EN and ISO We calibrate your test equipment independently of type and manufacturer. We offer excellent conditions as well as appointed dates. The accreditation according to ISO / IEC is recognised through all signatories of the EA (European Cooperation for Accreditation) multilateral agreement of calibration. With over 40 years of experience! Please don t hesitate to ask for a quote! walter+bai ag Testing Machines 9

10 w+b Electromechanical Testing Machines Low-Force Testing Machines Series LFM - L 1 10 kn These table-top machines are designed for testing of a variety of different materials, specimens or components where load requirements are low. The Series LFM - L is compatible with a wide range of accessories, grips and fixtures covering all relevant applications as testing of rubber, plastics, foils, films, textiles, adhesives, paper, foods, foams, timber, wires or other metallic or non-metallic specimens and medical, electronic and other components. High Capacity Testing Machines Series LFM - H kn These machines with its pre-loaded, backlash-free ball screws and heavy duty bearing with additional robust guidance columns feature accurate crosshead alignment and are suitable not only for tension or compression test but also through zero testing. The backlash-free ball screws are digital controlled by a high responsive AC brush-less servomotor with high start up torque for the most accurate control over a large speed range at a extremely low noise level. 10 walter+bai ag Testing Machines Introduction Universal Testing Machines Series LFM kn The Series LFM of Universal Testing Machines represents a range of accurate and reliable test systems. This state-of-the-art testing machines using the latest technology providing uncompromised quality. The Series LFM testing machines are mostly the choice of this in the metals or composites industries where specimen size and strength require higher force capacities. Central Spindle Testing Machines Series LFMZ kn The Series LFMZ of universal material testing machines feature a special torsion and backlash-free pre-stressed central ball screw drive by a brushlessfree servomotor. It allows long term tests with only smaller strokes and is therefore mostly used to perform creep (constant applied load), relaxation (constant elongation) or LCF (low cycle fatigue) test under certain temperature conditions.

11 Introduction Servohydraulic Testing Machines Universal Testing Machines Series TTM kn TTM are designed for tension, compression, bending and folding, shear and static cyclic testing and is specifically suitable for testing of metals, fasteners, construction materials and components. TTM feature a rigid load frame in 2-column-construction for minimum maintenance and low reaction at specimens failure. The servo-actuator, which is integrated in the upper crosshead with a long piston stroke for easy and efficient testing. Universal Testing Machines Series LF kn The Series LF models are available with manual control console with digital display or with digital controller for closed loop testing in connection with software package. This Series is available in force ratings from 50 kn up to 600 kn as standard machines. All machines having a long piston stroke and additional mechanical movable upper crosshead. Compression platen, bending, folding or shear devices can be fixed direct onto wedge grips. Universal Testing Machines Series TTM kn The Series TTM material testing machines are stateof-the-art, rugged and durable machines. This family of testing machines ranging in uncompromised quality up to 3000 kn and is therefore also suitable for high capacity testing. TTM feature a very rigid 4-columnconstruction. The actuator features a long piston stroke to cover the different sample lengths. TTM Tensile Testing machine is a registered Trademark of walter+bai ag Testing Machines. Universal Testing Machines Series LFSV kn The Series LFSV are static universal testing machines used for a wide range of tests, including tension, compression shear or bending. Compared with the Series TTM the actuator of the Series LFSV is integrated in the base of the machine. This family of testing machines ranging from 50 to 1000 kn. Through its upper hydraulic movable crosshead it features a very compact design to fit also in laboratories with reduced heights. w+b walter+bai ag Testing Machines 11

12 w+b 12 walter+bai ag Testing Machines Introduction Dynamic Multipurpose Testing Systems Dynamic Multipurpose Low-Force Testing Systems Series LFV up to 50 kn These machines are ideal for dynamic and static testing of biomaterials, medical devices as dental implants, electronic components, packing, consumer products, composites, poly-and elastomers, ceramics, metals or manufactured components. The hydraulic power pack can be integrated in the base of the machine. The upper crosshead features electrical lift or hydraulic height adjustment with passive clamping. Universal Material Testing Systems with Integrated Actuator in Base Series LFV kn This compact models are rigid 2-column-constructions with superior axial and lateral stiffness and precision aligned for advanced static and dynamic testing on a wide variety of different specimen and materials up to 600 kn. The actuator is integrated in the base of the machine. The upper crosshead is hydraulic adjustable to facilitate quick, easy and accurate positioning by two long stroke actuators. Universal Material Testing Systems with Mounted Actuator on Top Series LFV kn These models of the Series LFV are modular constructed and can be configured with a variety of grips and fixtures, extensometers, different software packages and other accessories to suits your specific testing needs. The actuator is mounted on the upper crosshead. Optionally available with t-slots platen to fix components and finished goods. The hydraulic power pack is a separate, free standing unit. High Force Dynamic Multipurpose Material Testing Systems Custom made testing machines built according to your testing needs in various configurations. High quality actuator system in different specifications mounted on top of crosshead. In rigid 4-column-constructions providing superior axial and lateral stiffness and precision aligned for advanced static or dynamic testing on a wide variety of different high strength specimen and materials.

13 Introduction Further Testing Machines Dynamic Biaxial-Tension/Torsion Testing Systems Series LFV - T Additionally the Series LFV of dynamic test systems can be equipped with torsional capability upgrading your system from axial only to axial / torsional performance. Specially designed for product development and materials research. w+b offers customized torsional moment, angle and frequency range to suit your specific testing needs. Both torsion and tension-compression can be loaded independently in phase or out of phase. Impact Testing Machines Series PH up to 750 Joule The resilience test allows to determine the fragility or resistance that opposes a material to the break. This resistance is known with the name of resilience and expressed in Joules. To realise the test is employed the pendulum of fall that measures the existing residual energy after the break, that is to say the difference between the total energy developed by the machine and the absorbed by the material. Including impact testing software. Rotary Bending Testing Machines Series UBM Nm Specially designed for fatigue strength testing on rotating rods according to DIN The Series UBM of rotary bending testing machines is a table unit, for rotating bending tests with constant bending moment of 20 / 60 / 100 / 200 / 500 Nm. In connection with high temperature furnace in particularly short construction for the installation into the rotating bending machine. For testing from ambient up to 1000 C. Internal Pressure Testing Systems Series HD up to bar With long history w+b Testing Machines manufactures static and dynamic internal pressure testing installations used for testing of pipes, tubes, bottles, fire extinguishers, insulations or any other bodies. Examples: Dynamic Internal Pressure Testing Installations Bursting Testing Installations Hydraulic High Pressure Intensifier Pressure Generators a.s.o. w+b walter+bai ag Testing Machines 13

14 w+b Further Testing Machines Electromechanical Torsion Testing Machines Series LFM - T Nm These electromechanical table top torsion testing machines provide maximum versatility and capability. Torsional tests can be carried out on most materials to determine mechanical properties such as modulus of elasticity in shear, yield strength, ultimate shear strength, modulus of rupture in shear and ductility. Also full-size parts as shafts, twist drills and fasteners or components can be tested. Electro-Thrust Electric Cylinders Series EC kn Series EC offers an alternative to hydraulic systems for static and cyclic material and component testing. The cylinder assembly incorporates a high quality class ball screw drive that allows very short movements and speed up to 750 mm/second. The cylinders are available with inline mounted drive providing high responsive control with minimum backlash or with parallel mounted drive whichever is more suitable for your testing needs. Compact Electromechanical Table-Top Testing Machines Series LFM - C kn 14 walter+bai ag Testing Machines Introduction The ideal solution for testing applications with small or medium displacements as compression, bending or sheer testing. The frame features very high stiffness with a lower T-slot platen suitable to fix grips or fixtures, components, specimens, manufactured assemblies or finished goods. The crosshead is available in fixed position or movable with manual clamping. Shear Testing Device according to EN Series STM kn Specially designed according to the new European Standard EN for the Determination of Shear Load Resistance of Thermally Sprayed Coatings. The test is conducted to determine the strength of the bond between the spray deposit and the parent material (adhesive strength) and/or the strength of the coating (cohesive strength). It is qualified for coating thickness over 150 µm.

15 Introduction Modernisation of Existing Machines w+b w+b offers different levels of modernisation of existing Universal Testing Machines from all types of manufacturers. The upgrade of your test system will bring it back to the most advanced testing control with increased productivity and reliability. No matter of the manufacturer from your system, no matter if the machine is hydraulic or electromechanical driven we will replace the outdated controls with our latest digital controller and personal computer running universal material testing software packages DION. The modernisation systems offered from w+b are modular designed and usually consists of new digital control and measuring electronics, new hydraulic power pack or new drive system for electromechanical machines, adaptation and upgrading of all existing sensors with transducer coding and Material Testing Software. Further with new accessories we can considerably increase the utilization of the modernized testing machine by adding automatic extensometers, new grips or fixtures or sample measurement units increasing productivity. Customer Specific Testing Machines According to Your Testing Needs «Specific testing tasks demand appropriate testing equipment!». This is our motto. Therefore, besides our standard range of testing machines, we have developed hundreds of customized testing machines for static and dynamic material and component testing. Due to the extensive know-how in development and production of material testing systems as well as the modular design of our testing machines, electronics and application software, w+b can offer testing machines, test stands and testing systems according to your individual testing needs at cost-effective prices in w+b quality. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 15

16 w+b Digital Controller and Software Digital Controller Series EDC Modular digital controller for closed loop control in load, displacement, deformation or external mode and data acquisition. Specially designed for w+b testing machines to ensure accurate and repeatable results with the use of the latest digital technology. The universal digital controller can also be used universally for all types of material testing machines. For this reason it is also an ideal controller for modernisation of existing testing machines. Static Universal Material Testing Software Type DIONSTAT This application software has many advantages to offer in the field of materials testing. Control and evaluation has never been as user-friendly. The DIONSTAT testing software offers you both, rapid and productive testing but also specialised applications for advanced testing requirements according to relevant international standards. 16 walter+bai ag Testing Machines Introduction Digital Multi-Channel Control System Series PCS The Series PCS Controller family is an versatile, flexible control system designed for a wide range of test applications. The PCS with its advanced real-time close-loop control and data handling, combined with expandable architecture, is available in a range of configurations for single to multi-channel applications suiting the increasingly complex demands in materials and components testing. Static and Dynamic Universal Material Testing Software Type DIONPRO This software is specially designed for static and dynamic universal testing machines and actuators. With analogue and status display as well as real-time graphics. The DIONPRO software allows the simply programming of complex test sequences by structured Windows operation on a graphic user interface.

17 Introduction Accessories for Material Testing Grips and Fixtures When it comes to grips and fixtures you can choose from a extensive range. All grips and fixtures are available in a variety of sizes and configurations to suits your application needs. The range includes not only mechanical and hydraulic wedge grips but also parallel, non-shift or collet grips to satisfy almost any testing requirement. Our internal machine shop provides great flexibility in tailoring all fixtures and grips to the specific material, temperature and condition being tested. w+b Extensometers To accurately determine and evaluate the strain length and to challenge the wide range of applications w+b offers a comprehensive line of contacting or non-contacting extensometers. Either for static or dynamic applications: Video-Extensometers Hand-Clamped Extensometers Computer Controlled Extensometers High Temperature Extensometers Extensometer Calibration Equipment Thermal Testing Equipment The challenging applications such as testing materials used in aircraft turbines, rocket propulsion, hot outer skin structures, automotive industry as materials for exhaust systems, composites or ceramics, requires thermal-mechanical testing installations. Either for our static or dynamic test systems the full range of high and low temperature equipment is available and includes environmental chambers for low to high temperatures, sample pre-conditioning chambers, high temperature furnaces and extensometers etc. Test Bar Dividing Machines The w+b Test Bar Dividing Machines are used for engraving gauge marks on tensile specimens in order to measure the elongation at rupture. As the gauge marks are engraved and not punched there is no influence of the test results for the majority of materials. Round and flat bars as well as reinforcing steel bars can easily and quickly be marked. With a simple clamping device the specimens can be mounted on the machine. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 17

18 w+b Applications Testing of Matresses Electromechanical universal testing machine Type LFM-L 10 kn specially designed for testing specimens with large dimensions such as mattresses, foam blocks, packages or car seats a.s.o. The machine are ergonomically designed table top models with a large working area. The working table is open to three sides. Base platen is available with holes, threads or t-slots to fix components, specimens or manufactured assemblies. Modular constructed system which can be configured with a variety of accessories. Introduction Foam Testing Servohydraulic dynamic testing system with environmental chamber specially designed for static and dynamic testing of foam and flexible cellular polymeric materials for car seats. Determination of fatigue by constant-load pounding according to ISO 3385 or DIN etc. and determination of hardness by indentation technique according to ISO 2439 etc. The test chamber allows to test complete car seat components at different air conditions. Fatigue Testing of Dental-Implants Dynamic testing system Type LFV 5 kn with integrated NaCl-Container for fatigue testing of dental-implants and their prosthetic counterparts. Biomechanics of dental implants determine the loading acting on the implant and how the loading is transmitted to the periimplant bone tissue through the implant itself. Commonly fatigue tests simulate the functional loading of an endosseous dental implant body and its remanufactured prosthetic components according to ISO standard. 18 walter+bai ag Testing Machines Testing of Wood and Timber Available are different fixtures such as compression, bending, indentation hardness, shear, screw pull-out, tensile adhesion and cleavage fixtures according to ASTM, BS and other standards to fix into existing universal testing machines. Further electromechanical bending testing machines for testing of structural panels in flexure according to ASTM D3043 (Method C: Pure Moment Test) are available. We custom manufacture universal testing rigs with actuators according to your testing needs.

19 Introduction w+b Testing of Micro-Sized Specimens Microtensile testing machines series LFV-S 0.5 kn Specially designed for static and dynamic testing of micro-sized specimens of thin films up to 500 N and 30 Hz. X-Y position stage for ultra-precise positioning and movement of the samples. With three load cells 500 N, 20 N and 1 N. Ultra lightweight grips and MEMS bend fixture. Environmental chamber for temperatures 80 C to +250 C. Video-Extensometer for non-contacting deformation measurement without marking, resolution of 0.1 µm. Miniature Testing System Servohydraulic dynamic testing system type LFV-S 20 kn. Specially designed miniature testing machine for static, quasi-static and cyclical testing up to 10 Hz of small specimens according to DIN and other relevant international standards. The system features a very rigid load frame in dual-actuator-construction with double acting servo-actuators. Specially designed for horizontal or vertical use on a x-ray / neutron diffractometer. Testing of Construction Elements consisting of Shape Memory Alloys This new testing facility was developed to determine the phase change temperatures of Shape Memory Alloys - SMA varying accordingly to the parameters elongation, load (stress) and temperatures. The specific material behaviour of untrained or trained shape memory elements under real operating conditions can be tested. With this new system the training of shape memory elements according to specific operating conditions can be realised. High Force Testing System kn Servohydraulic testing machine Type LFH 20 MN in horizontal execution with hollow actuator for conducting tests according to ETAG 013 set of standards. Weight: kg. ETAG 013: Static Load Test Fatigue Test Load Transfer Test walter+bai ag Testing Machines 19

20 w+b 20 walter+bai ag Testing Machines Introduction Civil, Structural & Architectural Testing Universal Portal Load Frames w+b can provide flexibly constructed Portal Load Frames to suits your specific testing needs. The Universal Portal Load Frames are beam and girder constructions where sections can be moved around or added in order your actuators can be placed where they are needed. The frames can be designed for static but also for high performance dynamic testing. The force rating, frame deflection, horizontal and vertical test space depends on your requirements. Hydraulic Power Packs Series PA For hydraulic oil supply of servohydraulic testing installations. Standard power packs are available with a flow rate up to 500 L / min. Larger rates upon request. Series PAC: Pump with Constant Delivery. Series PAR: Pump with Automatic Flow Regulation Options: Remote Control Hardline Installation Manifold and Command Units Servohydraulic Actuators Series AG / AH kn For static, pseudo-dynamic, dynamic and high performance testing. These actuators are available as double ended, equal area construction to generate an equal axial force in tension and compression or as double-acting single ended design. A precision displacement transducer is integrated in the actuators. The manifold platen for the servovalve(s) and accumulators are mounted direct on actuators. They are well suited for all types of testing. Joints for Servo-Actuators Designed to eliminate misalignments and side loads from actuators and load cells, which could occurs during structure testing and damage or reduce the service life of your actuator or invalidate test results and cost you time. Available types of joints: Cardan Joints Ball Joints Swivel Bearings

21 Introduction Building Material Testing Machines Concrete Testing Systems Designed to determine the compressive and flexural strength of concrete cubes, cylinders, masonry blocks a.s.o. according to all relevant international standards. w+b offers a variety of testing machines as compression only, flexural only or combined models. Meeting the wide variety of testing needs of modern analytical laboratories and manufacturers, w+b offers testing software package PROTEUS to all machines used for testing of building materials. w+b Cement Testing Systems Serving the cement industry since more than 35 years w+b benefits from a wide experience in producing cement testing machines designed to test cement prisms, cubes or cylinders in accordance with EN 196, ASTM C 109 / C 349, ISO 679 and other relevant international standards. Available are compression, flexural or combined models offering you both, rapid and productive testing but also specialised applications for advanced testing requirements. Bituminous and Asphalt Testing Systems The main field of application is bituminous and unbound material testing including conducting of uniaxial testing and research on bituminous mixes to determine resilient modulus, Poisson's ratio, indirect tensile creep and strength, dynamic modulus, tensile strength, phase angle, and flexure fatigue. Further triaxial asphalt, soil resilient modulus, dynamic foundations design, and conventional tests can be performed. Rock Testing Systems In the field of rock mechanics testing w+b offers high stiffness systems ranging up to 10'000 kn. Such systems require high stiffness load frames that minimize the amount of deformation energy that is stored in the frame. These machines are ideal to perform unconfined compression, triaxial, bending, indirect tension, fracture, creep, and other compression tests. The systems can be equipped with triaxial cells, rock deformation systems and other testing components. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 21

22 w+b w+b - After-Sales Service 35 Years of Experience Customers choose w+b because we meet your specific testing needs with optimum testing solutions. But there s more. After choosing a testing system from w+b it means that this is the starting point of a long-term partnership with us. Our network of experienced support and qualified engineers provides you an optimum after sale support to make sure you get the most from your investment. Due to this target, w+b continue to invest in hiring and training service engineers or local representatives. To cut cost of field service a full staff of application engineers is available for telephone support, which is free for as long as you own your system. Our large stock of spare parts from the most w+b equipment helps you to minimise the shut down time in case of problems. w+b test systems are designed for hard and long term us. With the w+b service and support, you ll be sure to reap the maximum benefit of your systems throughout their entire life cycle. Instruction Manual: For us a reliable support starts with a proper instruction manual. To each system we deliver a complete users manual including information about safety, system installation, machine setup, technical drawings of testing structure, hydraulic and electric drawings with part legend, soft and hardware manuals, maintenance information a.s.o. Due to we give the fully information to our clients and in connection with our experienced telephone support more than 90% of all shut downs can be solved by telephone. Installation and Warranty: Our Field Service Engineers are available to install and commission your system upon delivery. All our Field Service Engineers are factory trained to complete the installation in a timely manner, to ensure the system operates to specification and to commission the system. All new w+b products carry a factory warranty. Customer Training: It is essential that our clients can use the full potential of our testing systems. This requires that the system works properly and that system operators are thoroughly trained in its operation. The instruction provided by our Engineer at the time of commissioning, enables your personnel to operate a system competently. Continued training ensures that new staff are brought up to speed on installed systems, that existing operators retain their skills and that occasional users retain the skills necessary to operate the system. We offer a wide array of regularly scheduled system training courses at our facilities or at your site. Hardware and Software Support: To make sure your investment lasts as long as possible even if your requirements change, our Soft- and Hardware engineers or local representatives will provide you advice on how you can benefit from our steady developing in soft and hardware. This will guarantee you, that your system maintain at peak performance. Through planned service visits for preventative maintenance and calibration any potential system problems are identified and resolved thereby avoiding unnecessary machine downtime. Calibration: Our calibration laboratory is accreditaed according to the latest ISO EN IEC (formerly EN 45001) standard. The calibration and verification of your material testing machines is part of our service capability. Our Field Service Engineers are not only trained to complete maintenance and calibration service on w+b machines, they also can do it on other testing machines in a timely manner. The calibration certificate will prove the verification of your system with ISO 9000 a.s.o standards. Application Service: We can provide test methods, report templates or graphic presentations precisely to your specification, developed within w+b standard software packages. Our application experts have many years experience in materials testing applications and will work with your representative to meet your requirements. Introduction 22 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

23 Section A Electromechanical Testing Machines walter+bai ag Testing Machines Industriestrasse 4, 8224 Löhningen, Switzerland, Tel. +41 (0) , Fax +41 (0) info@walterbai.com / Internet:

24 A Electromechanical Electromechanical Universal Material Testing Machines for Load Capacities kn Testing machines for accurate, repeatable and reliable results of tensile, compression, flexure, peel, shear, tear or friction tests on a wide range of different materials for quality control, product development, research or process development. w+b can provide single column tabletop or dual column floor standing models with different load capacities. w+b electromechanical testing systems are modular constructed and can be configured with a variety of grips and fixtures, extensometers, different software packages and other accessories to suits your specific testing needs. Series LFM L kn Series LFM kn Series LFM H kn Series LFMZ kn 24 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

25 Electromechanical A Index A Electromechanical Testing Machines Machine Type Capacity Range Page Series LFM L kn 26 Series LFM kn 30 Series LFM H kn 34 Technical Data 38 Series LFMZ kn 42 Series LFMZ Compact kn 44 Technical Data 47 Custom Designed LFM 41 Series LFM T Nm 48 Series LFM C kn 51 Series EC kn 52 walter+bai ag Testing Machines 25

26 A Electromechanical Electromechanical Low Capacity Universal Testing Machines Series LFM L kn Single column, table top universal testing machines for low load capacities up to 20 kn. Ergonomically designed testing machines for tensile, compression, bending, sheer or peel but also strain and other more advanced tests on a wide range of different materials. The Series LFM-L of universal testing machines are designed for testing of a variety of different materials, specimens or components where load requirements are low. This series is compatible with a wide range of accessories, grips and fixtures covering all relevant applications as testing of rubber, plastics, foils, films, textiles, adhesives, paper, foods, foams, timber, wires or other metallic or non-metallic specimens and medical, electronic and other components. The load frames are rigid constructed, providing superior axial and lateral stiffness. The linear module with multiple guided, backlash-free ball screw assembly with anodised aluminium frame combines high performance with compact dimensions. These compact workstations offer force, displacement or deformation closed loop testing. It combines high performance with compact dimensions. 26 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

27 Electromechanical A Load Frame: The Series LFM-L load frames are rigid constructed, providing superior axial and lateral stiffness. The linear modules with anodised aluminium frame are precise systems that combine high performance with compact dimensions. The backlash-free ball screw assembly provides high load capacity, high positioning accuracy and repeatability. It allows not only tests in tension or compression direction but also through zero testing. The linear modules are protected by corrosionresistant steel strips which are easy to clean and also resistant against high temperature. The machine is equipped with multi-position limit detectors for the best protection of operator, test sample and machine. Additional the load frame has two, an electronic and mechanical overload protection. The backlash-free linear modules are digital controlled by a servomotor for faster starts and stops, best control, and highest accuracy. The crosshead position can easily be changed between three positions to enlarge the usable test space. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 27

28 A Applications Series LFM - L LFM - L with Large Base Platen fortesting of Matresses LFM-L 10 kn specially designed for testing specimens with large dimensions such as mattresses, foam blocks, packages or car seats a.s.o. The machine are ergonomically designed table top models with a large working area. The working table is open to three sides. Base platen is available with holes, threads or t-slots to fix components, specimens or manufactured assemblies. Modular constructed system which can be configured with a variety of accessories. Electromechanical LFM - L with Horizontal Test Space for Testing of Extra Long Specimens Available to fit many horizontal testing applications to accommodate extras long test specimens as cables, wires, ropes etc. Modular test system available with a wide range of different grips and fixtures. Testing of Construction Elements consisting of Shape Memory Alloys Developed to determine the phase change temperatures of Shape Memory Alloys - SMA varying accordingly to the parameters elongation, load (stress) and temperatures. The specific material behaviour of untrained or trained shape memory elements under real operating conditions can be tested. With this new system the training of shape memory elements according to specific operating conditions can be realised. Series LFM - L with T-Slots Base Platen to Fix Components and Fixtures For universal testing of components and for easy fixing of various testing devices for tensile, compression and bending testing. 28 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

29 Electromechanical Applications Series LFM - L A Series LFM - L with Thermostat Bath and Circulation Hoses To keep the sample fixture devices at constant temperature (37 C). Specially designed for testing of dental and orthopaedic implants. Series LFM - L with Additonal Rotating Drive Unit Specially designed for tension- or compression-torque tests and drilling tests on implant materials as bones. Also for testing or implant inserting tools. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 29

30 A Electromechanical Electromechanical Universal Testing Machines Series LFM kn Floor-standing dual column universal testing machines for load capacities up to 125 kn. These state-of-the-art testing machines using the latest technology providing uncompromised quality and therefore represents a range of accurate and reliable test systems. These testing machines are mostly the choice of this in the metals, fastener, composites, wood, geotextile, cable, forging, adhesive and civil industries or in R&D laboratories and Universities where specimen size and strength require higher force capacities. This series of testing machines are driven by a high responsive AC brush less servomotor with high start up torque. The backlash-free ball screws providing high load capacity, high positioning accuracy and repeatability. The lower base platen is also available with T-slots suitable to fix components, specimens, manufactured assemblies or other accessories. The LFM are available with different standard configurations. All options as extended lateral test space or environmental chambers, other crosshead travels, additional low force transducers etc. are available. 30 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

31 Electromechanical A Load Frame: The Series LFM load frames are rigid constructed, providing superior axial and lateral stiffness. The two linear modules with anodised aluminium frame are precise systems that combine high performance with compact dimensions. The backlash-free ball screws are digital controlled by a high responsive AC brushless servomotor with high start up torque for faster starts and stops, best control, and highest accuracy at a extremely low noise level. It allows not only tests in tension or compression direction but also through zero testing. The linear modules are protected by corrosionresistant steel strips which are easy to clean and also resistant against high temperature. The machine is equipped with multi-position limit detectors for the best protection of operator, test sample and machine. Additionally the load frame has two, an electronic and mechanical overload protection. The backlash-free linear modules are digital controlled by a servomotor for faster starts and stops, best control, and highest accuracy. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 31

32 A Applications Series LFM Series LFM for High Temperature Testing for testing materials used in aircraft turbines, rocket propulsion, hot outer skin structures, as materials for exhaust systems, composites or ceramics. Machine is configured with high temperature furnace, pull rods and compression rods. Furnace can slide-out of testing room for universal material testing. Electromechanical Series LFM for Testing of Wood and Timber Available are different fixtures such as compression, bending, indentation hardness, shear, screw pull-out, tensile adhesion and cleavage fixtures according to ASTM, BS and other standards to fix into Series LFM Testing Machines. Series LFM for Textile and Geotextile Testing Configured with pneumatic wedge action grips and digital video extensometer. Series LFM with 2 Testing Rooms For testing of higher strength materials in top testing room 100 kn and lower strength materials in buttomr testing room 10 kn in one testing machine. This helps to reduce the time considerably for changing grips and fixtures for different material strengths. 32 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

33 Electromechanical Applications Series LFM A Series LFM with T-Slots Base Platen to Fix Components and Fixtures For universal testing of components and for easy fixing of various testing devices for tensile, compression and bending testing. Series LFM for Building Materials Testing The Series LFM of electromechanical testing machines can be equipped with devices for testing of different building materials. Devices include bending testing device, compression platens, split tensile devices a.s.o. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 33

34 A Electromechanical Electromechanical High Capacity Universal Testing Machines Series LFM H kn Floor-standing and rigid 4-coulumn testing machines for high load capacities up to 600 kn. The Series LFM-H universal testing machines are mostly the choice of this in the metals, fasteners or composites industries where specimen size and strength require high force capacities. The Series LFM-H testing machines often are the perfect solution for typical applications including testing of large metal specimens, fasteners, composites, cables, forgings, welded joints, geotextiles, polymers and reinforced plastics, civil structure materials, adhesives, components or finished goods. The machines with its pre-loaded, backlash-free ball screws and heavy duty bearings with additional robust guidance columns features accurate crosshead alignment and are suitable not only for tension or compression test but also through zero testing. The backlash-free ball screws are digital controlled by a high responsive AC brush-less servomotor with high start up torque for faster starts and stops and best and most accurate control over a large speed range at a extremely low noise level. 34 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

35 Electromechanical A Load Frame: The frames are rigid 4- or 6-column constructions, providing superior axial and lateral stiffness. The backlash-free ball screws providing high load capacity, high positioning accuracy and repeatability. It allows not only tests in tension or compression direction but also through zero testing. The backlash-free ball screws are digital controlled by a high responsive AC brushless servomotor with high start up torque for faster starts and stops, best control, and highest accuracy at a extremely low noise level. The machine is equipped with multiposition limit detectors for the best protection of operator, test sample and machine. Additional the load frame has two, an electronic and mechanical overload protection. The load frame is constructed in the way that the upper crosshead is driven so that the lower base platen remains and allows an ergonomic working in seated or standing position at pleasant working height. The lower base platen is also available with T-slots suitable to fix components, specimens, manufactured assemblies or other accessories. Optional are safety protection for brittle materials and 2 nd or 3 rd test chamber. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 35

36 A Electromechanical Applications Series LFM H Series LFM H with Mounting Plate Type LFM H 600 kn The execution with additional mounting plate allows beside of conventional tension-, compression- or flexural testing also to perform tests on components or finished goods as drive systems, chassis or bodywork for the automotive industries. For this the lower grip can be removed easily out of the testing machine so that the components or finished goods can be fixed with stud for tongues for T-slots or additional holes/threads. The increased horizontal daylight ensures accessibility to the test sample. Additional Test Stations Type LFM 600 / 100 / 10 kn Additional test station(s) can be added to the complete series of LFM electromechanical testing machines. They are ideal for applications where high and low strength materials (from metal, building materials to rubber) must be tested. Each testing station is equipped with the correct load cell providing most accurate testing with the suitable grip or fixture. This provides a high degree of flexibility and productivity within one machine and is more cost effective than running independent testing machines. The design with the additional test stations on the left and right side provides ergonomically working height. 36 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

37 Electromechanical Applications Series LFM H A LFM - H 300 kn for High Temperature Testing Testing of sheet metals under ambient and high temperatures as a research project for the automotive industries. LFM - H 200 kn for High Temperature Testing Equipment Including high temperature grips, pull-rods, furnace, axial and diametral extensometers. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 37

38 A Electromechanical Technical Data Series LFM L kn General Specifications: Accuracy: In accordance with ISO , EN , Grade 0.5 %. Test Speed: Available with different test speeds depending on application. Standard test speeds ranging from mm to 300 / 500 / 1000 / 2000 mm/min. Crosshead Travel: Standard 1000 mm. All others are available. Optional T-Slots : Suitable to fix components, specimens or manufactured assemblies. Control: Force and displacement closed loop controlled. If ordering with extensometer also strain closed loop controlled. Operating Temperature: 10 to 45 C Power Requirements: 220 / 240 V, 50 Hz Type LFM L 0.5 / Test Load max.: kn Test Speed max.: mm/min / / Crosshead Travel (L): mm Vertical Test Space (Ph): mm Spigot Diameter: mm Width (B): mm Depth (T): mm Height (H): mm Weight (without Grips): kg walter+bai ag Testing Machines

39 Electromechanical A Technical Data Series LFM kn General Specifications: Accuracy: In accordance with ISO , EN , Grade 0.5 %. Test Speed: Available with different test speeds depending on application. Standard test speeds ranging from mm to 300 / 500 / 1000 / 2000 mm/min. Crosshead Travel: Standard 1000 mm. All others are available. Optional T-Slots: Suitable to fix components, specimens or manufactured assemblies. Control: Force and displacement closed loop controlled. If ordering with extensometer also strain closed loop controlled. Operating Temperature: 10 to 45 C Power Requirements: 220 / 240 V, 50 Hz Type LFM Test Load max.: kn Test Speed max.: mm/min Crosshead Travel (Th): mm Vertical Test Space (Ph): mm Spigot Diameter: mm Space betw. Columns (LW): mm Working Height (A): mm Width (B): mm Depth (T): mm Height (H): mm Weight (without Grips): kg Frame Stiffness: kn/mm walter+bai ag Testing Machines 39

40 A Electromechanical Technical Data Series LFM H kn General Specifications: Accuracy: In accordance with ISO , EN , Grade 0.5 %. Test Speed: Available with different test speeds depending on application. Standard test speeds ranging from mm to 300 / 500 / 1000 / 2000 mm/min. Crosshead Travel: Standard 1000 mm. All others are available. Optional T-Slots: Suitable to fix components, specimens or manufactured assemblies. Control: Force and displacement closed loop controlled. If ordering with extensometer also strain closed loop controlled. Operating Temperature: 10 to 45 C Power Requirements: 220 / 240 V, 50 Hz Type LFM-H Test Load max.: kn Test Speed max.: mm/min Crosshead Travel (Th): mm Vertical Test Space (Ph): mm Clear Distance (LW): mm Working Height (A): mm Width (B): mm Depth (T): mm Height (H): mm Weight (without Wedge Grips): kg Frame Stiffness: kn/mm walter+bai ag Testing Machines

41 Electromechanical A Customized Electromechanical Universal Testing Machines Specific testing tasks demand appropriate testing equipment! This is our motto. Therefore, beside of our standard range of testing machines, we have developed a wide range of individual testing machines for static and dynamic material and component testing. w+b can design a custom solution or provide a standard machine to meet your needs! We can custom design the modular constructed electromechanical universal testing machines series LFM according to your needs and your testing applications. Beside that we have a comprehensive range of accessories such as grips, fixtures, extensometers, products for simulation of environmental conditions or different software packages. This includes adjustment of the test speed, resolution of the system, extension of the testing chamber for high temperature furnaces or climatic chambers, we provide additional load cells, mounting plates with t-slots or additional holes/threads, 2 nd and 3 rd testing chambers or stations, horizontal executions and much more. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 41

42 A Electromechanical Electromechanical Universal Testing Machines Series LFMZ kn Testing machines for tensile, compression and fatigue reverse stress tests in a closed loop control system. Specially designed machines for slow speed static and quasi-dynamic cyclic testing as required for long term creep, relaxation or low cycle fatigue (LCF) tests on a wide variety of materials. The machines are available in different variations to suits your specific testing needs. The machines are built in rigid two-hard-chromium plated column construction, precision aligned, movable upper crosshead, mounted on the welded machine s base frame. Servo-controlled testing system with high-resolution ball screw driven central actuator with pre-stressed ball nut and backlash free torsion security device. Central ball screw is fully bedded in oil for minimized abrasion and point-load between balls and screw guarantee longest trouble free operation even when small movements are controlled over long term testing. It features AC brushless servomotor for most accurate control. The test space is configurable to meet specific application requirements. For the Series LFMZ the fully range of high temperature testing equipment is available. 42 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

43 Electromechanical A Features: Servo-controlled testing system with highresolution ball screw driven actuator with prestressed ball nut and backlash free torsion security device. Controlled by a high responsive AC servomotor. Machine frame in rigid two-hard-chromium plated column construction, precision aligned with movable upper crosshead, mounted on the welded machine s base frame With precision flat load cell for accurate force measurement and control fixed on central screw, and incremental displacement transducer for accurate displacement measurement and control. Application LCF-Testing: Low Cycle Fatigue (LCF) testing typically is a straincontrolled test with a high level of deformation compared to other types of fatigue tests and many times performed under high temperatures. Depending on application and frequency range the LFMZ with its central spindle assembly or otherwise the servohydraulic Series LFV providing optimum results for low cycle fatigue testing. Both systems offers optimized drive (central spindle bedded in oil, or the virtually friction free servo-actuators with hydrostatic bearings) for accurate stain controlled waveform. An important key point is a suitable load frame with both, high axial and later stiffness. High axial stiffness minimizes the stored energy in the load train, which would tend to "unload" into the specimen when it is in a state of high plastic strain, making control difficult. Lateral stiffness is required to prevent the on-set of buckling when the specimen is under high compressive stresses. Even when buckling is not visibly apparent, the on-set of buckling can lead to errors due to the non-uniformity of strains within the gage section. With this in mind, the LFMZ load frame for LCF testing always is supplied with superior axial and lateral stiffness. Another key point for LCF testing is a proper alignment. The alignment fixture which is part of the LFMZ for LCF-testing guarantees an upper limit of 5% bending strain. The compliance covers existing standards as ASTM Standards E 1012, ISOTC 164 SC 5 WG11 or GE-S400. Commonly LCF tests are performed on threaded, smooth shank or button head specimens. For all types of specimens we offer suitable grips. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 43

44 A Electromechanical Compact Testing Machines with Build-in Controlling Series LFMZ kn Testing Machines specially designed for slow-speed applications such as creep or relaxation tests. The Series LFMZ with load capacities ranging from 20 to 50 kn are free standing, space saving and compact machines with all integrated mechanical, electrical and electronically components. Series LFMZ is designed specially for applications such as creep or relaxation test. The machines are available with installed split furnaces or if no extensometer is needed with sliding furnace for quick and easy changing of samples by moving the furnace up and down. The machines are built in rigid two-hard-chromium plated column construction, precision aligned, movable upper crosshead, mounted on the welded machine s base frame. Servo-controlled testing system with high-resolution ball screw driven central actuator with prestressed ball nut and backlash free torsion security device. With precision flat load cell for accurate force measurement and control and incremental displacement transducer for accurate displacement measurement and control. 44 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

45 Electromechanical A Features: Compact and space saving design Dust protection over full stroke on torsion secure device and central spindle. Adjustable maximum and minimum switches With precision flat load cell for accurate force measurement and control fixed on central screw, and incremental displacement transducer for accurate displacement measurement and control. Air-or water cooling system for the load cell for drift-less testing. Heat protection shields High quality furnaces with temperatures up to 1600 C in air or inert gas. Three zone PID controllers with RS232, PIC or On/Off control, easy to operate, large degreeprecision (3 digits) display of the actual or setpoint, immediate optimal control through special automatic adjustment of the PID control parameters, adjustable digital input filter, slick face and protection class IP 66 Furnace can be controlled manual or in automatic mode through digital controller Type EDC 120 Including thermocouples with cables and plugs. Thermocouple protection Operator control panel allows test set-up and start direct at the testing machine. Main Elements: ID controller with display for upper, middle and lower zone of high temperature furnace Main switch with Power On light Manual or automatic furnace selection button Furnace start bottom (for manual mode) Control lamps for Furnace on,-furnace failure, UPS OK,-Low battery UPS,-Power failure Digital close loop controller with digital hand wheel for easy and accurate position or force control for test set-up with emergency bottom Protection cover With in the base integrated USV for normal course of trouble free operation in case of power shut down up to 10 minutes. Keeps the electromechanical drive in closed loop control and holds the temperature controllers in operation (current of furnace is not supported but re-starts automatically afterwards). walter+bai ag Testing Machines 45

46 A Applications Series LFMZ Type LFMZ 500 kn for Calibration of Force Sensors Equipped with compression platen with central threads enabling to place and fix a wide number of different compression or tension load cell. The software allows to check the sensors by performing one single continuous ramp with signal input of the sensor that has to be verified and online error calculation. Electromechanical Type LFMZ 50 kn for Testing and Research on Asphalt With environmental chamber for uniaxial testing and research on asphalt mixes to determine resilient modulus, Poisson's ratio, indirect tensile creep and strength, tensile strength, phase angle, and flexure fatigue. Further triaxial asphalt, soil resilient modulus, liquefaction, and conventional UU, CU, and CD soil tests are performed. Type LFMZ 400 kn for Relaxation, Creep and LCF Testing on Wire Strand Samples The machine is equipped with the modular wire strands grips WSG series to accept different wedges for wire strands. Type LFMZ 400 kn H Horizontal Testing Machines for Research on Young Concrete This horizontal Series LFMZ is equipped with heated tension/compression grips specially designed for concrete samples with conical ends. Additionally climatic chamber around samples is installed. 46 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

47 Electromechanical A Technical Data Series LFMZ kn General Specifications: Accuracy: In accordance with ISO , EN , Grade 0.5 %. Test Speed: Available with different test speeds depending on application. Standard test speeds ranging from mm to 100 mm / min. Piston Stroke: Standard ±50 mm. All others as ± 100 mm are available. Control: Force and displacement closed loop controlled. If ordering with extensometer also strain closed loop controlled. Operating Temperature: 10 to 45 C Power Requirements: 220 / 240 V, 50 Hz Type LFMZ Test Load max: kn Piston Stroke (Th): mm ± 50 ± 50 ± 50 ± 50 ±50 Vertical Test Space (Ph): mm Distance betw. Columns (LW): mm Column Diameter (Sd): mm Working Height (A): mm Width (B): mm Depth (T): mm Height (H): mm Weight (without Grips): kg Frame Stiffness: kn/mm LW Ph H Sd Th A B T walter+bai ag Testing Machines 47

48 A Electromechanical Torsion Testing Machines Series LFM T Nm Electromechanical The Series LFM - T electromechanical table top torsion testing machines providing maximum versatility and capability. Torsional Tests can be carried out on most materials to determine mechanical properties such as modulus of elasticity in shear, yield strength, ultimate shear strength, modulus of rupture in shear, and ductility. Also full-size parts as shafts, twist drills, and fasteners or components are subjected to torsional forces during their use that should be simulated in real-life service conditions. The frame of the LFM-T Series of Torsion Testing Machines features high torsional stiffness with low axial friction through rigid construction combined with extra wide ball rail system. The high precision torque load cell is mounted on the movable crosshead that slides on the guide rail during the test. The grip that is mounted on the load cell can be turned fee ±270 by activating an electromechanical unclamping system to provide easy and torque free test set-up. The machine is driven by a high responsive servomotor combined with a low backlash servo gear for excellent testing in both directions of rotation or intermittent torque loading. The servomotor is controlled though the digital controller that allows close loop control of either angle or torque or can be turned by the digital hand wheel that is part of the controller. The test space is coved by a protection device with electric switch for operators safety. Suitable grip systems can be fitted onto the LFM-T series suitable to your testing requirements. Also available is a axial pre-loading system by a pulley arrangement and weights. No system would be complete without control- and data acquisition software. DIONPRO Application Software Package provides fully free user programmable testing, free controlling of testing machine and data acquisition of static, quasi-static, or cyclic applications. This package allows the simply programming of complex test sequences by structured Windows operation on a graphic user interface. 48 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

49 Electromechanical A Technical Data Series LFM - T Nm General Specification: Accuracy: Torque accuracy Class 1 Control: Angle or torque closed loop. Design: Table Top Operating Temperature: 10 to 45 C Power Requirements: 240 V-50 Hz, on request 110 V-60 Hz Available Grips: 3 or 4 jaws Chucks, Key Type Chuck, Keyless Type Chucks, Collet Grips, T-slot round platen, custom grips and fixtures Other Options: Pre-loading system by a pulley arrangement and weights Chambers or Furnaces Type LFM - T max. Torque Capacity Nm Test Speed: RPM Rotations: CW/CCW 120 times (43200 ) (more Rotations on request) Grip Separation: mm 0 to 300 mm with 3 or 4 jaws Chucks (extended distance available on request) Dimensions W x T x H: mm 1290 x 300 x 340 Weight: kg 150 kg 3- or 4-Jaws Chucks Key & Keyless Type Chuck Collet Grip walter+bai ag Testing Machines 49

50 A Electromechanical Compact Electromechanical Table - Top Testing Machines Series LFM C kn The ideal solution for testing applications with small or medium displacements as compression, bending or sheer testing. The frame of the Series LFM-C of testing machines features a central ball screw electro-thrust cylinder assembly that also allows very short movements due to the absence of stick-slip effects. The inline mounted drive with motor provides high responsive control with minimum backlash. The frame features very high stiffness with a lower T-slot platen suitable to fix grips or fixtures, components, specimens, manufactured assemblies or finished goods. The crosshead is available in fixed position or movable with manual clamping. Suitable grips or fixtures can be mounted quick and easy onto the standard spigots with pin or onto the T-slot platen. 50 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

51 Electromechanical A Technical Data Series LFM C kn General Specifications: Accuracy: Test Speed: Crosshead Travel: Optional T-Slots: Control: Grade 0.5 in accordance with ISO , EN and other standards. Depending on application ranging up to 750 mm / sec. Standard 200 mm. All others are available. Suitable to fix components, specimens or manufactured assemblies. Force and displacement closed loop controlled. If ordering with extensometer also strain closed loop controlled. Operating Temperature: 10 to 45 C Power Requirements: Standard 220 / 240 V, 50 Hz. Others upon request. Type LFM C Test Load max.: kn Test Speed max.: mm/min Crosshead Travel (L): mm Vertical Test Space (Ph): mm Clear Distance (LW): mm Spigot Diameter: mm Width (B): mm Depth (T): mm Height (H): mm walter+bai ag Testing Machines 51

52 A Electromechanical Electro-Thrust Electric Cylinders Series EC kn The electro-thrust electric cylinders offers an alternative to hydraulic systems for static and cyclic material and component testing. This family contains 5 different cylinders with thrust forces up to 40 kn. The cylinder assembly incorporates a high quality class ball screw drive that allows very short movements due to the absence of stick-slip effects and speed up to 750 mm / second depending on unit and gear box. The cylinders are available with inline mounted drive providing high responsive control with minimum backlash or with parallel mounted drive whichever is more suitable for your testing needs. 52 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

53 Electromechanical A Technical Data General Specifications: Accuracy: Test Speed: Control: Power Requirements: Series EC kn Grade 0.5 in accordance with ISO , EN and other standards. Depending on application ranging up to 750 mm / sec. Force and displacement closed loop controlled. Standard 220 / 240 V, 50 Hz. Others upon request. Type EC Test Load max.: kn Piston Stroke: mm System Backlash 1 : mm with inline motor mounting only Inline Mounting of Motor Parallel Mounting of Motor walter+bai ag Testing Machines 53

54

55 Section B Servohydraulic Testing Machines walter+bai ag Testing Machines Industriestrasse 4, 8224 Löhningen, Switzerland, Tel. +41 (0) , Fax +41 (0) info@walterbai.com / Internet:

56 B Servohydraulic Servohydraulic Universal Testing Machines for Load Capacities kn for accurate, repeatable and reliable results of tensile, compression, flexure, peel, shear, tear or friction tests on a wide range of different materials for quality control, product development, research or process development. w+b can different models with actuator mounted on upper traverse or integrated in the base of the machine. w+b servohydraulic universal testing machines are modular constructed and can be configured with a variety of grips and fixtures, extensometers, different software packages and other accessories to suits your specific testing needs. Series TTM kn Series TTM kn Series LF kn Series LFSV kn 56 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

57 Servohydraulic B Index B Servohydraulic Testing Machines Machine Type Capacity Range Page Series TTM kn 58 Technical Data 61 Series LF (SV) kn 62 Technical Data 64 Customized Servohydraulic Testing Machines 67 Applications Servohydraulic Testing Machines 68 walter+bai ag Testing Machines 57

58 B Servohydraulic Servohydraulic Universal Testing Machines Series TTM kn The Series TTM Testing Machines are state-of-the-art, rugged and durable designed especially suitable for high capacity testing. Available in two or four column construction capable to provide accurate, repeatable and reliable results meeting the needs of the metals, aerospace, automotive and fastern industries. For tensile, compression, flexure, peel, shear, tear or friction tests on a wide range of different materials such as round, flat and profile specimens for quality control, product development, research or process development. Testing systems for brittle materials such steel or fasteners requires high stiffness load frames that minimize the amount of deformation energy that is stored in the frame. It is essential to minimize the released energy from the frame for minimum maintenance and low reaction at specimens failure. TTM feature high rigid load frames either in two or four column construction with superior axial and lateral stiffness and precision aligned for advanced static testing. To meet the wide variety of testing needs of laboratories and manufacturers in the field of metals, automotive, aerospace, fastener industries. TTM Tensile Testing Machine is a registered trademark of walter+bai ag Testing Machines. 58 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

59 Servohydraulic B Features: Rigid 2- or 4-column-construction providing superior axial and lateral stiffness and precision aligned. Single workspace-design with convenient working height. Double acting servo-actuator mounted on top of the crossbeam. Long piston stroke for the most convenient and easy adjustment and testing of different sample lengths. Upper crosshead movable to increase distance between grips. Actuator with anti-rotation system to prevent the natural tendency of the actuator to rotate. Digital displacement transducer for the best positioning and measuring accuracy. Chrome plated columns for easy cleaning and longest life. Manual or hydraulic operated grips available Grip control system mounted direct at machine Compression platens or bending / folding devices may be fixed directly into wedge grips. Series TTM kn in 2-Column Construction Series TTM kn in 4-Column Construction walter+bai ag Testing Machines 59

60 B Servohydraulic The servo actuator, which is integrated in the upper crosshead, has a long piston stroke which makes testing space accessible for easy and efficient testing of different samples lengths. The long piston stroke meets the extreme requirements of international standards without changing the crosshead adjustment. On piston rod end a anti-rotation system prevents the natural tendency of the actuator to rotate. All TTM Testing Machines are equipped with a high resolution (0.82 µm) digital displacement transducer for accurate and reliable closed loop position of actuator, piston stroke control and measurement. The precision load cell is located between base platen and lower grip, providing high accuracy test after test. The load cell additionally features excellent repeatability, compact design, low temperature drift and accessible mounting. The manifold is attached direct on actuator providing close-coupled servovalve and accumulators for improved performance and reduced pressure fluctuations. The servovalve features high force level permanent magnet linear force motor directly driving the spool. A LVDT is attached to the spool to provide spool position feedback. An internal loop is closed around the spool position. The valve provides additionally low hysteresis and low threshold, low current consumption at and near hydraulic null, standardized spool position monitoring signal with residual ripple, electric null adjust and with loss of supply voltage or broken cable or emergency stop, the spool returns to its spring centered position without passing a load move position. Ergonomically design with unchanged height of lower grip and accessible test space for easy and efficient testing. With chrome plated columns for easy cleaning and longest life. The TTM Testing Machines can be installed on factory-floor without require any special foundation. Standard delivery includes pads which can be put between machine and floor. Examples of Series TTM : TTM 600 kn TTM 1000 kn TTM 1200 kn TTM 1500 kn TTM 2000 kn TTM 3000 kn 60 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

61 Servohydraulic B Technical Data 2-Column Construction: Type TTM Test load max.: kn Piston stroke (Kh): mm Distance betw. grips (Ph): mm Distance betw. columns (LW): mm Column diameter (Sd): mm Working height (A): mm Width (B): mm Depth (T): mm Height (H): mm Weight: kg Frame stiffness: kn/mm Column Construction: Type TTM Test load max.: kn Piston stroke (Kh): mm Distance betw. grips (Ph): mm Distance betw. columns (LW): mm 500x x x x x x500 Column diameter (Sd): mm Working height (A): mm Width (B): mm Depth (T): mm Height (H): mm Weight: kg Frame stiffness: kn/mm Series TTM kn Series TTM kn walter+bai ag Testing Machines 61

62 B Servohydraulic Servohydraulic Universal Testing Machines Series LF(SV) kn Ergonomically designed machines for tensile, compression, bending or shear but also strain and other more advanced tests. The actuator of these models is integrated in the base of the machine for a compact design. Together with the optional hydraulically movable upper crosshead, it is designed to fit in laboratories with reduced ceiling height. To meet the wide variety of testing needs, the LF (SV) is offered in different configurations. All options as: Extended test space or distance between columns, other actuator strokes, protection device for operators safety, additional low force transducers a.s.o are available. The LF (SV) test system is modular constructed and can be configured with a variety of grips and fixtures, extensometers, different software packages and other accessories to suits your specific testing needs. The precision load cell, which is mounted on crosshead, is overload protected. In combination with the highresolution digital controller class 0.5 according to ISO and other international standards can be reached. 62 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

63 Servohydraulic B Features: Very compact design to fit also in laboratories with reduced ceiling height. Rigid 2-column machine frame with high axial and lateral stiffness. Upper crosshead mechanically (standard) or optional hydraulically adjustable through two long stroke actuators for easy re-positioning. Double acting actuator in servo-quality integrated in the base of the machine. Columns are chrome plated for easy cleaning and longest life. Single workspace design. Strain gauge load cell mounted on the upper traverse for tensile-, compression- and alternating load. With digital displacement transducer. Manifold is attached direct on actuator providing close-coupled servovalve. Series LF models optional available with manual control console with load and unloading valves and digital read-out. Series LF kn with mechanical movable crosshead Series LFSV kn with hydraulical movable crosshead walter+bai ag Testing Machines 63

64 B Servohydraulic Technical Data Series LF (with mechanical movable crosshead): Type Test load max.: kn Piston stroke (Kh): mm Distance between grips (Ph): mm Distance between columns (LW): mm Column diameter (Sd): mm Working height (A): mm Width (B): mm Depth (T): mm Height (H): mm Weight: kg Frame stiffness: kn/mm Series LFSV (with hydraulic movable crosshead): Type Test load max.: kn Piston stroke (Kh): mm Distance between grips (Ph): mm Distance between columns (LW): mm Column diameter (Sd): mm Working height (A): mm Width (B): mm Depth (T): mm Height (H): mm Weight: kg Frame stiffness: kn/mm Series LF Series LFSV 64 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

65 Servohydraulic Hydraulic Tensile Creep Testing Machines Series LFZ kn Specially designed for creep and relaxation tests on high-strength screws, wires and other samples. Features: Rigid load frame with high stiffness. Actuator integrated in the base of the machine. Force measurement through high precision electronic load cell. Precision according to ISO class 0.5. Upper and lower adapter with threads according to international standards or according to your needs. Chrome plated columns. Protection device around the testing chamber with front door. Separate free standing hydraulic power pack for the operation of one or more machines. With loading and unloading valves. Digital indicator for force and travel or deformation with 2-point-regulation for precise constant keeping. Creep Testing Software DIONCREEP for collection sampling, visualization & evaluation of up to 8 machines. Optionally available with fully automatic test procedure in connection with digital controller. B walter+bai ag Testing Machines 65

66 B Servohydraulic Technical Data Series LFZ Type LFZ Test load max.: kn Piston stroke: mm Distance between adapters: mm max max max Daylight between columns: mm Column diameter: mm Working height: mm Width: mm Depth: mm Height: mm Weight: kg walter+bai ag Testing Machines

67 Servohydraulic Customized Testing Machines Specific testing tasks demand appropriate testing equipment! We can custom design the modular constructed servohydraulic universal testing machines according to your needs and your testing applications. w+b can design a custom solution: Customized test speed, customized piston stroke. Customized resolution of the system. Extension of the testing chamber for high temperature furnaces or climatic chambers. Executions with mounting plates including t-slots or additional holes or threads. Executions with 2 nd and 3 rd testing chambers or with additional test stations. Horizontal executions and much more. B walter+bai ag Testing Machines 67

68 B Servohydraulic Applications Hydraulic Testing Machines Fastener Testing Machine Type TTM 1200 kn Specially designed for testing of fasteners size M3 to M33 according to ISO 898-1, ASTM F606 a.s.o. The double acting actuator with extra long piston stroke is integrated in upper crosshead. The upper crosshead is mechanically movable. Integrated fastener testing grips Series FTG to accept various exchangeable inserts for round specimen with shoulder or thread-heads. Combined Tension and Compression Universal Testing System Specially designed for Alternating Testing of Reinforcing Steel Bars and Concrete Cubes or Cylinders in accordance with relevant international standards. System consisting of universal testing machine type TTM - S 300 kn with hydraulic operated grips, compression load frame type C 2000 kn, 19 control console for alternating testing and clip-on extensometer for reinforcing steel bars kn Universal Testing Machine Type TTM - S 1000 kn Specially designed for testing of assembled landing gears, dampers and actuators. Testing rig for compression and tension forces up to 1000 kn. Designed for testing of components up to 3.5 m height. Large piston stroke of 600 mm. Movable upper crosshead with passive clamping system to adjust vertical clearance depending on test sample. Large upper platen with threads to fix components and lower base platen with T-slots and threads kn High Speed Compression Testing Machine Type TTM - S 1500 kn Specially designed for static and high speed testing of railway bumper or couplings up to 2.6 m / min in accordance with international standards. 68 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

69 Section C Dynamic Testing Systems walter+bai ag Testing Machines Industriestrasse 4, 8224 Löhningen, Switzerland, Tel. +41 (0) , Fax +41 (0) info@walterbai.com / Internet:

70 C w+b Multipurpose Dynamic Testing Systems Series LFV Dynamic for static, quasi-static and dynamic tensile, compression or bending tests on materials, biomaterials, components and finished goods. The Series LFV testing systems provide advanced solutions to static and cyclic dynamic fatigue testing applications in the range of Newtons up to 3000 kn or higher. These flexible, precise and compact systems are designed to meet the toughest challenges including uniaxial, multiaxial or axial-torsional applications. The machines are modular constructed and can be configured with a variety of grips and fixtures, extensometers, force transducers, environmental chambers, thermo-mechanical testing equipment, different software packages and other accessories to suits your specific testing needs and provide the ultimate flexibility. The Series LFV family of Testing Machines is specially designed for: Examples of Specimens: Examples of Test Types: Biomechanical Products and Biomedical Implants Static Tension, Compression, Flexure and Shear Aluminium LCF - Low Cycle Fatigue Testing Composites HCF - High Cycle Fatigue Testing Steel and Metals Component Life Testing Super Alloys Fatigue Crack Growth Testing Components Fracture Toughness Testing Wood and Paper Tensile Proof and Ultimate Strength Testing Plastics Creep and Visco Elastic Characteristics Elastomers Modulus of Elasticity Soil and Asphalt Poisson s Ratio 70 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

71 Dynamic Load Frames kn: C 1 50 kn Actuator: mounted on upper crosshead Hydraulic Power Pack: integrated in base or external High Force Testing The servohydraulic high force testing machines are customized systems available in various configurations to accommodate a wide range of specimens, components or finished goods. The load frames are rigid 4-column units providing superior axial and lateral stiffness and precision aligned for advanced static or dynamic testing of high strength specimen and materials. A variety of high force grips and fixtures are available to complete the system. Biaxial Testing Series LFV-T is specially equipped with rotary actuator to the end of the linear actuators for axial/torsional testing requirements. It is well suited for static and dynamic testing applications. The system is supplied with multi-channel controllers providing biaxial and therefore maximum performance and flexibility. It can be combined the full range axial actuators with different rotary actuators having specific torsional torque capacity and torsional displacement kn Actuator: mounted on upper crosshead Hydraulic Power Pack: external, free standing kn Actuator: integrated in the base Hydraulic Power Pack: external, free standing walter+bai ag Testing Machines 71

72 C Dynamic w+b Multipurpose Dynamic Testing Systems Series LFV kn In rigid 2-column-constructions for superior axial and lateral stiffness Precision aligned for advanced testing according to relevant standards. Options for Testing Actuator: mounted on upper crosshead integrated in the machine base Options for Hydraulic Power Supply: integrated in the machine base separate free standing power pack Available with Different Crosshead Adjustments Facilitating Repositioning: M: Lock: Mechanical Lift: Manual ME: Lock: Mechanical Lift: Electrical HM: Lock: Mechanical Lift: Hydraulic HH: Lock: Hydraulic Lift: Hydraulic Features: Machine can be equipped with integral T-slot platen suitable to fix components, specimens or manufactured assemblies. Compression platens or bending / folding devices may be fixed direct into wedge grips. Manifold is attached direct on actuator providing close-coupled servovalve and accumulators for improved performance. Equal area actuator with hydrostatic bearings mounted on crosshead or integrated in base. Columns are chrome plated and hardened for easy cleaning and longest life. Precision flat load cell mounted on piston rod end Integrated displacement transducer. Including grip control system mounted directly at the machine. 72 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

73 Dynamic Load Frame: The LFV Load Frames are designed for precision Testing for a wide range of dynamic applications. They are rigid two- or four-column construction for superior axial and lateral stiffness and precision aligned ensure consistent loading is applied to specimen. If the actuator is mounted on upper crosshead the machine having a integral T-slot platen suitable to fix grips or fixtures, components, specimens, manufactured assemblies or finished goods. The actuator is well suited for high piston speed at virtually service-free fatigue testing with manifold attached direct on actuator providing close-coupled servovalve and accumulators for improved performance with highest possible respond and reduced pressure fluctuations. To facilitate re-positioning, the upper crosshead of the LFV series is adjustable and the columns are chrome plated for easy cleaning and longest life. C Actuator: Part of the load frame of the Series LFV is a double ended, in equal area construction to generate an equal axial force in tension and compression with hydrostatic bearings. The hydrostatic bearings provides extremely low fiction for the most accurate control and longest reliable lifetime at full ratings. A precision displacement transducer is integrated in the actuators. They are well suited for all types of testing (from static to dynamic) and are known for their excellent fatigue reliability, accuracy and repeatability. These actuators are the most versatile and by far the most popular solution for all types of the LFV multipurpose testing machines. Load Cell: The dynamic testing systems are equipped with precision fatigue rated load cells for accurate force measurement and control. They are either mounted on actuators piston rod end as required for component, finished goods or biomedical test applications or otherwise on upper crosshead / alignment fixture. Hydraulic Power Supply: The dynamic performance of a particular Test System is governed by oil flow and pressure. The Series LFV with force capacities up to 50 kn and actuator on crosshead are available with in the machine base integrated power supply with up to 8 l/min oil flow. For larger oil flows the full range of external power packs with ratings up to 500 l/min or even higher is available to suit your requirements. The power packs includes beside of the hydraulic system also all electrical pars as indicators and system management buttons. As cooling systems air/oil cooler, water/oil cooler or alternative closed loop re-cooler system are available. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 73

74 C Compact Low Force Dynamic Testing Systems Series LFV 1 10 kn Specially designed for testing of low strength materials such as biomedical implants and dental implants as well as plastics, aluminium, elastomers and components. Actuator: mounted on upper crosshead Crosshead Options: Standard - ME Option - M Hydraulic Power: Standard - integrated in base Option - separate free standing This machine features the innovative electrical height adjustment for quick and accurate positioning of the upper crosshead for different sizes of specimens and different testing devices. Also a salt bath for testing of implants in salt solution up to 37 can be mounted into the machine. The bath can easily be moved in and out of the testing chamber. Dynamic 74 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

75 Dynamic Technical Data Series LFV 1-10 kn General Specifications: Accuracy: Grade 0.5 according to ISO and other international standards. Control: Force and displacement closed loop. If ordering with extensometer also strain closed loop controlled. Actuator: Mounted on upper crosshead. Hydraulic Power Pack: Standard: Integrated in the base of the machine. Option: Free standing power pack for higher oil flows. Crosshead Adjustment: ME: Mechanically Locked with Electrical Height Adjustment (Standard) M: Mechanically Locked and Adjustable (Option) Piston Stroke: Standard: ±25 mm. All others as ±50, ±75, ±100 or ±125 available. Power Requirements: Standard: 400 V / 50 Hz. Others upon request. Type LFV Test Load Static max.: kn ±1 ±2.5 ±6 ±12 Test Load Dynamic max.: kn ±1 ±2 ±5 ±10 Piston Stroke: mm ±25 ±25 ±25 ±25 Distance between Adapters: mm Distance between Columns: mm Column Diameter: mm Working Height: mm Width: mm Depth: mm Height: mm Weight without Wedge Grips: kg Frame Stiffness: kn/mm C Sd Ph Kh LW H A walter+bai ag Testing Machines 75

76 C Compact Testing Systems Series LFV kn Specially designed for fatigue testing of and research on biomechanical implants, aluminium samples and components. Actuator: mounted on upper crosshead Crosshead Options: Standard - HH Option - M and HM Hydraulic Power: Standard - integrated in base Option - separate free standing These compact testing systems have the hydraulic power pack integrated in the base of the machine. These machines are self-contained, stand-alone units. The cylinder of this Series LFV is mounted on the upper crosshead. The machines can be equipped with integral T-slot platen suitable to fix components, specimens or manufactured assemblies. The standard model features the hydraulically moveable crosshead with passive clamping for an easy and accurate positioning of the upper crosshead. Dynamic 76 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

77 Dynamic Technical Data Series LFV kn General Specifications: Accuracy: Grade 0.5 according to ISO and other international standards. Control: Force and displacement closed loop. If ordering with extensometer also strain closed loop controlled. Actuator: Mounted on upper crosshead. Hydraulic Power Pack: Standard: Integrated in the base of the machine. Option: Free standing power pack for higher oil flows. Crosshead Adjustment: M: Mechanically Locked and Adjustable HM: Mechanically Locked with Hydraulic Lift HH: Hydraulic Unclamping with Hydraulic Lift (Standard) Piston Stroke: Standard: ±50 mm. All others as ±75, ±100 or ±125 available. Power Requirements: Standard: 400 V / 50 Hz. Others upon request. Type LFV Test Load Static max.: kn ±12 ±25 ±40 ±63 Test Load Dynamic max.: kn ±10 ±20 ±32 ±50 Piston Stroke: mm ±50 ±50 ±50 ±50 Distance between Adapters: mm Distance between Columns: mm Column Diameter: mm Working Height: mm Width: mm Depth: mm Height: mm Weight without Wedge Grips: kg Frame Stiffness: kn/mm C Sd Ph Kh LW H A walter+bai ag Testing Machines 77

78 C Universal Testing Systems Series LFV kn Specially designed for fatigue testing of samples with high strength such as aluminium, composites, steel, metal, super alloy and components. Actuator: mounted on upper crosshead Crosshead Options: Standard - HH Option - M and HM Hydraulic Power: separate free standing The cylinder of this Series LFV is mounted on the upper crosshead. The power pack is a freestanding unit and can be placed in a separate room. The machines can be equipped with integral T-slot platen suitable to fix components, specimens or manufactured assemblies. The machine can be equipped with climatic chambers, high temperature furnaces, testing devices and other accessories to suit your specific testing needs. Dynamic 78 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

79 í Dynamic Technical Data Series LFV kn General Specifications: Accuracy: Grade 0.5 according to ISO and other international standards. Control: Force and displacement closed loop. If ordering with extensometer also strain closed loop controlled. Actuator: Mounted on upper crosshead. Hydraulic Power Pack: Standard: Free standing power pack. Crosshead Adjustment: M: Mechanically Locked and Adjustable HM: Mechanically Locked with Hydraulic Lift HH: Hydraulic Unclamping with Hydraulic Lift (Standard) Piston Stroke: Standard: ±125 mm. All others as ±50, ±75 or ±100 available. Power Requirements: Standard: 400 V / 50 Hz. Others upon request. Type LFV / Test Load Static max.: kn ±100 ±120 ±250/300 ±600 Test Load Dynamic max.: kn ±80 ±100 ±200/250 ±500 Piston Stroke: mm ±125 ±125 ±125 ±125 Distance between Adapters: mm Distance between Columns: mm Column Diameter: mm Working Height: mm Width: mm Depth: mm Height: mm Weight with Wedge Grips: kg Frame Stiffness: kn/mm C Sd H Kh LW A walter+bai ag Testing Machines 79

80 C Universal Testing Systems Series LFV kn Specially designed for fatigue testing of high strength samples such as aluminium, composites, steel, metal, super alloy and components. Actuator: integrated in the base Crosshead Options: Standard - HH Option - M and HM Hydraulic Power: separate free standing These machines have the actuator integrated in the base of the machine. This makes the machines very compact and allows them to be placed in laboratories with reduced ceiling height. The crosshead can be adjusted through two long-stroke actuators and with passive clamping into the hardened chromium plated columns. Especially available with climatic chambers for testing under simulated environmental conditions or induction heating system for TMF - Testing. Dynamic 80 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

81 Hub ±50 Ý Dynamic Technical Data Series LFV kn General Specifications: Accuracy: Grade 0.5 according to ISO and other international standards. Control: Force and displacement closed loop. If ordering with extensometer also strain closed loop controlled. Actuator: Integrated in the base of the machine. Hydraulic Power Pack: Standard: Free standing power pack. Crosshead Adjustment: M: Mechanically Locked and Adjustable HM: Mechanically Locked with Hydraulic Lift HH: Hydraulic Unclamping with Hydraulic Lift (Standard) Piston Stroke: Standard: ±50 mm. All others as ±75, ±100 or ±125 available. Power Requirements: Standard: 400 V / 50 Hz. Others upon request. Type LFV / Test Load Static max.: kn ±63 ±100 ±160 ±250/300 ±400 ±600 Test Load Dynamic max.: kn ±50 ±100 ±120 ±200/250 ±320 ±500 Piston Stroke: mm ±50 ±50 ±50 ±50 ±50 ±50 Distance between Grips: mm Distance between Columns: mm Column Diameter: mm Working Height: mm Width: mm Depth: mm Height: mm Weight with Wedge Grips: kg Frame Stiffness: kn/mm Sd C H Ph Kh LW A walter+bai ag Testing Machines 81

82 C Multipurpose High Force Dynamic Testing Systems Dynamic for static and dynamic tensile, compression or bending tests on materials, biomaterials, components, and finished goods. In rigid 4-column-constructions providing superior axial and lateral stiffness and precision aligned for advanced static or dynamic testing on a wide variety of different specimen and materials. Custom made testing machines built according to your testing needs in various configurations. High quality actuator system in different specifications mounted on top of crosshead. In rigid 4-column-constructions providing superior axial and lateral stiffness and precision aligned for advanced static or dynamic testing on a wide variety of different high strength specimen and materials. 82 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

83 Dynamic Features: Hydraulic adjustable upper crosshead for facilitate quick, easy, and accurate positioning by two long stroke actuators with passive clamping system Machine equipped with integral T-slot platen suitable to fix components, specimens or manufactured assemblies. Lower grip detachable to increase distance between compression platen or to fix large specimens or components on T-slot platen Compression platens or bending/folding devices may be fixed direct into wedge grips or on T-slot platen. High quality actuator system in different specifications mounted on top of crosshead. Actuator with anti-rotation system to prevent the natural tendency of the actuator to rotate. Manifold is attached direct on actuator providing close-coupled servo-valve and accumulators for improved performance and reduced pressure fluctuations. Precision flat load cell mounted on piston rod end and displacement transducer. C walter+bai ag Testing Machines 83

84 C Multipurpose Biaxial Dynamic Testing Systems Series LFV - T Dynamic for static and dynamic tests in axial, torsional or combined direction for product development and materials research. Specially designed with customized torsional moment, angle and frequency range upgrading your system from axial only to axial / torsional performance. Since no standard testing method exist for multiaxial fatigue testing, it is important to choose a testing method suitable for a purpose of each testing. Due to that fact, beside to the standard force/torsion loadings the torsional drive can be added to the full line of the multipurpose dynamic Testing Machines Series LFV with customized torsional moment, angle and frequency range to suit your specific testing needs. The Series LFV-T of biaxial fatigue testing machines can torsion loading be coupled with tension-compression. Both torsion and tension-compression can be loaded independently in phase or out of phase. With related accessories the Series LFV-T of testing machines allows to perform a wide range of mixed-mode fatigue testing on rectangular plate specimens, cruciform specimens, three-point and four-point bending specimens with a crack, compact tension shear specimen, compact shear specimen, mode II crack growth specimen, circumferentially notched cylindrical specimens, tubular specimen containing a slit, solid cylindrical specimen containing a small hole or initial crack, tubular specimen for triaxial fatigue testing by applying internal or external pressure and a lot others. 84 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

85 Dynamic Features: Double ended, equal area linear actuator with hydrostatic bearings for the best friction free static and dynamic performance, allows high side-loads and emergency running, integrated in the upper or lower crosshead to shorten the force train. With displacement transducer. Dynamic torsion actuator with hydrostatic bearings for friction free static and dynamic performance, closed coupled to the axial actuator High precision angle transducer. One-chamber-design, High stiffness construction, precision aligned, inductive hardened, grounded and chromium plated columns. Servovalve manifold platen mounted direct on the actuator for the highest possible response and most accurate test control. Close coupled accumulators to minimize hydraulic pressure fluctuations and filter is mounted direct at the actuator. High precision fatigue rated biaxial DMS load cell for static and fatigue tests fixed on lower t-slot base platen or piston rod end for testing of components. C walter+bai ag Testing Machines 85

86 C Applications Fatigue Testing Dynamic Testing of Car Seats in Climatic Chamber with LFV 2 kn Specially designed for static and dynamic testing of foam and flexible cellular polymeric materials for car seats. Integrated environmental test chamber to perform test at different air conditions. Test chamber allows to test complete car seats components. Standards: Determination of fatigue by constant-load pounding according to ISO 3385 or DIN etc. Determination of hardness by indentation technique according to ISO 2439 etc. Fatigue Testing of Biomedical Products and Implants for Surgery with Type LFV 10 kn Servohydraulic dynamic testing system with testing device for testing in quality control or research according to ISO up to -9. Machine base is equipped with T-slots for easy and accurate fixing of partial and total hip joint prostheses. Dynamic Fatigue Testing of Dental Implants with NaCl - Container with LFV 5 kn Biomechanics of dental implants determine the loading acting on the implant and how the loading is transmitted to the periimplant bone tissue through the implant itself. Commonly fatigue tests for endousseous dental implants to simulates the functional loading of an endosseous dental implant body and its remanufactured prosthetic components under worstcase conditions is performed according to ISO standard. Fatigue Testing of Automotive Components with Type LFV 20 kn Machine equipped with T-slot base platen for universal easy fixing of various components of the automotive industry. Specially designed to determine the fatigue life operating strength of various automotive samples. 86 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

87 Dynamic Applications Fatigue Testing Testing and Research on Asphalt with Type LFV 50 kn The application of the LFV 50 kn with environmental chamber includes conducting uniaxial testing and research on asphalt mixes to determine resilient modulus, Poisson's ratio, indirect tensile creep and strength, dynamic modulus, tensile strength, phase angle, and flexure fatigue. Further triaxial asphalt, soil resilient modulus, dynamic foundations design, liquefaction, and conventional UU, CU, and CD soil tests are performed. Dynamic High Speed Impact Testing up to 3 m/s with Type LFV 50 kn Specially designed for static, dynamic, high speed and impact bending tests up to 3 m/s. Simulation of fractures of the first phalanx to investigate biomechanical conditions leading to these fractures. Legs from either euthanised or slaughtered horses, which had been frozen to 21 C below zero right after the death of the horses, were prepared immediately after the thawing process. The samples are fixed in the chucks using a fast drying cement. C Fatigue Turbine Material Testing under High Temperature Conditions with Type LFV 100 kn Dynamic rated WGD-H hydraulic grips, high temperature furnace STE for temperatures up to 1250 C, dynamic rated through zero high temperature grips HTG, different CT clevis grips for ambient and high temperature testing, several ambient & high temperature extensometers, Potential Drop Crack Growth Monitor System DMC-2. Testing of Airplane Components under Simulated Environmental Conditions in Temperature / Humidity Chamber with Type LFV 300 kn Machine specially designed for static and dynamic testing of components of the aviation industry under temperatures 150 C up to +600 C and additional relative humidity 30% up to 95%. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 87

88 C Dynamic Applications Fatigue Testing High Temperature Testing with High Speed Induction Heating System with Type LFV 100 kn Thermo Mechanical Fatigue Testing with Climatic Chamber in Type LFV 100 kn Dynamic Universal Testing Machine Type LFV 400 kn Type LFV 300 kn with Thermo Chamber and Various Accessories For dynamic fatigue tests under temperatures from - 70 C to + 40 C. With pull rods and extensometer for use under climate conditions. 88 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

89 Dynamic Applications Biaxial Fatigue Testing Dynamic Tension- / Compression- Torsion Testing in Salt Solution with Type LFV 5 kn - T10 Nm for axial-loads up to 5 kn and torque-loads up to 10 Nm at a rotational angle of ±1080. In connection with a saltwater bath with temperature regulation for medical devices and implants. Ideal test system for specimens such as medical devices and biomaterials, electronic components, polymers, wires and other small components. C Dynamic Biaxial Testing of Soil Samples with Type LFV 250 kn T2000 Nm Testing machine with extra wide and extra high testing area specially designed for biaxial soil samples testing in connection with triaxial cells. Dynamic Biaxial Testing with Type LFV 250 kn - T1000 Nm For axial-loads up to 250 kn and torque-loads up to 1000 Nm. Ideal test systems for specimens such as: Automotive components Airplane or other larger components Rails Flat specimens Hexagonal specimens a.s.o. High Force Dynamic Tension- / Compression-Torsion Testing with Type LFV 600 kn T Nm Machine specially designed for high force testing of various samples. Machine equipped with T-slots base platen for easy specimen fixing. Machine is used for research purposes on various materials. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 89

90 C Applications High Force Fatigue Testing Dynamic Research on Various High Strength Materials with Type LFV 2000 kn Testing machines for static and dynamic universal testing of various samples. The machine is used in a material research institute for high strength material research. High Force Testing with Type LFV 2000 kn The testing machine is equipped with hydraulic operated parallel wedge grips for slip-free clamping of various samples. Dynamic Compression Tests on High Resistance Concrete Samples Type LFV 3000 kn The testing machine is specially designed for static an dynamic testing of high resistance concrete cubes and cylinder in a research institute. The machine is equipped with compression platens and other accessories for universal use. Static and Dynamic Tests on Rail Components Type LFV 3000 kn The testing machine is equipped with slid-in cart. The samples can be placed onto the cart with the laboratory crane and easily be pushed by hand into the testing chamber. The machine is used for static and dynamic testing of various components in the railway industry. 90 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

91 Dynamic Customized Fatigue Testing «Specific testing tasks demand appropriate testing equipment!». This is our motto. Therefore, besides our standard range of testing machines, we have developed a number of customized testing machines for static and dynamic material and component testing. We can custom design the modular constructed dynamic testing systems according to your needs and your testing applications. w+b can design a custom solution: Customized testing frequency, piston stroke, resolution of the system. Extension of the testing chamber for high temperature furnaces or climatic chambers. Executions with mounting plates including t-slots or additional holes or threads. Executions with 2 nd and 3 rd testing chambers or with additional test stations. Horizontal executions and many more. Table-Top Executions Vertical / Horizontal Executions Additional Test Chambers C Testing Systems for Micro-Sized Specimens Miniature Testing Systems Impact Testing Systems 3-Way Calibration System 20 MN Horizontal Testing High Force Torsion Testing walter+bai ag Testing Machines 91

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93 Section D Customized Testing Systems walter+bai ag Testing Machines Industriestrasse 4, 8224 Löhningen, Switzerland, Tel. +41 (0) , Fax +41 (0) info@walterbai.com / Internet:

94 D Customized Customized Testing Systems According to Your Testing Needs Testing Systems to Suit Your Specific Testing Needs. «Specific testing tasks demand appropriate testing equipment!» This is our motto. Therefore, besides our standard range of testing machines, we have developed hundreds of customized testing machines for static and dynamic material and component testing. Due to the extensive know-how in development and production of material testing systems as well as the modular design of our testing machines, electronics and application software, w+b can offer testing machines, test stands and testing systems according to your individual testing needs at cost-effective prices in w+b quality. 94 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

95 Customized Examples of Customized Testing Systems Crash Element Calibration System This very compact calibration system Type LF 500 / 50 / 50 S is designed to be moved on customer s site for recalibration of the Crash Force Elements. The unit can calibrate the elements in axial, and also X and Y direction with fully automatic calibration procedure within the same fixation. Additionally to the calibration station the system features a working station where the elements can be prepared and another one to unscrew them form the calibration fixture. D Testing of Micro-Sized Specimens Microtensile testing machines series LFV-S 0.5 kn Specially designed for static and dynamic testing of micro-sized specimens of thin films up to 500 N and 30 Hz. X-Y position stage for ultra-precise positioning and movement of the samples. With three load cells 500 N, 20 N and 1 N. Ultra lightweight grips and MEMS bend fixture. Environmental chamber for temperatures 80 C to +250 C. Video-Extensometer for non-contacting deformation measurement without marking, resolution of 0.1 µm. Miniature Testing System Servohydraulic dynamic testing system type LFV-S 20 kn. Specially designed miniature testing machine for static, quasi-static and cyclical testing up to 10 Hz of small specimens according to DIN and other relevant international standards. The system features a very rigid load frame in dual-actuator-construction with double acting servo-actuators. Specially designed for horizontal or vertical use on a x-ray / neutron diffractometer. High Force Testing System kn Servohydraulic testing machine Type LFH 20 MN in horizontal execution with hollow actuator for conducting tests according to ETAG 013 set of standards. Weight: kg. ETAG 013: Static Load Test Fatigue Test Load Transfer Test walter+bai ag Testing Machines 95

96 D Customized Examples of Customized Testing Systems Calibration of Torque Transducers and Load Cells up to Nm Electromechanical Torsion Testing Machine Nm used for the verification and calibration of torque transducers / load cells with torque ratings up to Nm. Step-less free movable upper crosshead with passive clamping system and digital hand wheel for easy test set-ups. Superior alignment through cardan joint minimize the bending strains on the samples. DIONPRO for rapid and productive testing with specialised application for enhanced evaluation. Customized Compression Device With 8 Parallel Actuators and Control System for Precise Compression Forces. Designed for the Assembly of Sensors in Aluminium Ledges. 8 actuators with 30 kn test force each for a homogeneous compression force over the length of 2000 mm. With digital controller for precise travel, force and speed control in closed loop mode with programmable automatic procedure: pre-load, constant force application, load discharge and retreat of compression ledger back to the initial position. 200 kn Horizontal Testing Machine 200 kn Horizontal Testing Machine specially designed for testing of insulators as for example used in the railway industry for over head contact lines. Servo controlled, closed loop Testing Machine for samples up to 4000 mm length. Machine with double acting servo-actuator with integrated displacement transducer and servo valve assembly. With precision flat load cell mounted on piston rod end. With one movable counter bearing for easy distance adjustment of griping adapters. 96 walter+bai ag Testing Machines 50 kn Swivelling Load Frame Suitable for static and dynamic testing of components and structures. This multi-purpose rigid load frame allows mounting of existing actuators. Base platen with T-Slots suitable to fix components, specimens or manufactured assemblies. Two chromium plated columns. Upper crosshead height adjustable and mechanically clamped onto columns. To archive a complete freedom, the crosshead with columns is step-less free tiltable from vertical to horizontal ( 20 to +90 degree) with crane.

97 Customized Examples of Customized Testing Systems D 600 kn Electromechanical Horizontal Rope Testing Machine Specially designed for testing of textile ropes and belts up to 600 kn and length up to XX m. Testing machine with central ball screw with long stroke. Specially designed clamping devices with clamping force increase linear to test forces. Squeeze Casting Compression Testing Machine Specially designed for research on alumnimum alloys. 50 kn Horizontal 4-Axis Testing Machine Servohydraulic testing machine with 4 testing actuators. Specially designed testing machine for bi-directional testing of geotextiles in cross shape. 200 Nm Torsion Testing Machine for the Calibration of Torque Sensors Electromechanical torsion testing machines for torsional moment of 200 Nm. Torsional angle mechanically unlimited and torsion speed 2 rpm / 12 /sec. With electromechanical test chamber height adjustment. Including special torsion grips. The testing machine is specially designed for the calibration of torque sensors. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 97

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99 Section E Rotary Bending Testing Machines walter+bai ag Testing Machines Industriestrasse 4, 8224 Löhningen, Switzerland, Tel. +41 (0) , Fax +41 (0) info@walterbai.com / Internet:

100 E Rotary Bending Testing Rotary Bending Testing Machines Series UBM Nm Fatigue Strength Testing on Constant Rotating Rods in accordance with DIN Table unit for rotating bending tests with constant bending moment of Nm, 2-60 Nm, Nm, Nm and Nm. For testing at ambient temperature up to 1000 C. System with Oil-Lubrication and cooling system for the bearings and the collet clamping system providing longest trouble free testing at ambient or high temperatures. Available in connection with high temperature furnace designed for the installation into the rotating bending machine. 100 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

101 Rotary Bending Testing E Functional Principle of UBM: The weights G1 and G2 produce over the lever arm (e.g. L = 400 mm) between A and B a constant bending moment. Weight 1 Weight 2 Lever Arm L G1 = G2 Rotating Specimen Lever Arm L G1 400 mm A B 400 mm G2 Collet-Clamping System Series F48 with clamping capacity of Ø 1 to 42 mm, 2 to 30 mm or 2 to 36 mm. The collets are available with plain or profiled bore or optionally available serrated (round and longitudinal grooves), or with special grooves. Collet-Clamping System Series ER 25 and Series ER 32 with high T.I.R. accuracy over the entire clamping range made from special hardened spring steel for increased durability and tool life. For clamping capacity of Ø 1-16 (ER 25) and Ø 1-20 mm (ER 32). walter+bai ag Testing Machines 101

102 E Rotary Bending Testing Technical Data Series UBM Nm General Specifications: Electric Drive: 2 phase AC motor. Option 6000 rpm for Type UBM 60 / 100 / 200 / 500. Bearings: special ball bearings, clearance adjusted, for axial and longitudinal guide. Oil-Lubrication: for lubrication and cooling of the bearings and the collect chucks, built into the base of 19 - control console. Set of Weights calibrated in N for a set specimen Ø and lever arm length L (Option in N/mm 2 ). Power Supply: 380 / 400 V, 3 PH +N+E, / 0.75 kw / with furnace 2 kw Specimen Length: Minimum length only with use of furnace and depending on that model. Optionally available for specimen lengths according your requirements. Collet Clamping Systems: Series ER 25: Ø 1 to 16 mm Series ER 32: Ø 1 to 20 mm Series F48: Ø 1 to 42, 2 to 30 mm and 2 to 36 mm Furnace Support: in x / y axis adjustable for the exact centring. Type UBM Bending Moment: Nm Machine Width: mm Motor: rpm Machine Depth: mm Machine Height: mm Weight: kg Clamping System: ER 25 ER 32 ER 32 ER 32 / F48 F48 Max. Specimen Length: mm Table Width: mm Depth: mm Height: mm Control Console Width: mm Depth: mm Height: mm Eurorack with integrated lubrication system Option: Standard Table Unit with integrated Oil pan 102 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

103 Rotary Bending Testing E High Temperature Furnaces Series STE C Specially designed for the installation into the rotating bending testing machine. The short construction is very suitable for mounting it in rotary bending machines. This high temperature furnace contains a high duty heat and insulation bracket where rugged heat resistors are situated free of reflection. The line voltage is reduced to a low tension of 25V which leads to a minor surface charge of the heat resistors and it guarantees a safe operation and a high time laid also at a high temperature level. Higher temperature ranges upon request! Features:: for very short specimens with total length of min. 80 mm Sample diameter up to Ø 12 mm. max. testing temperatures up to 1000 C 1-area furnace. Digital Control System Type LRA For the regulation of the high temperature furnace 1- to 3-areas, a non-standard control system is available. With this control system individual furnaces or groups of furnaces are alternatively regulated. For the control of individual 1 or 3 area furnaces we recommend the small control units, optional as 19 rack mounting. Each control unit needs to pass a quality and security check according to VDE regulations and the valid European standards before its delivery. Optional Temperature Measurement Temperature Measurement in the Inside of the Specimens from internal diameters of Ø 3 mm or larger. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 103

104 E Rotary Bending Testing Technical Data Series STE - 5 Type STE 5 UB1 UB2 UB2 Temperature max.: C Regulated temperature range: C Control accuracy: C ±1 ±1 ±1 Dimensions: D mm Di mm Da mm L mm Li mm Ls mm Lb mm Power: W Furnace opening angle: ca. 100 Material of housing: Stainless Steel STE-5-UB1 STE-5-UB2 104 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

105 Rotary Bending Testing Examples E Type UBM Nm Optional with High-Temperature Furnace. Type UBM Nm with High-Temperature Furnace. Type UBM Nm with High-Temperature Furnace. Type UBM Nm walter+bai ag Testing Machines 105

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107 Section F Pendulum Impact Testers walter+bai ag Testing Machines Industriestrasse 4, 8224 Löhningen, Switzerland, Tel. +41 (0) , Fax +41 (0) info@walterbai.com / Internet:

108 E Impact Testing Impact Testers Series PH The resilience test allows determining the fragility or resistance that opposes a material to the break. This resistance is known with the name of resilience and expressed in Joules. To realise the test is employed the pendulum of fall that measures the existing residual energy after the break. Sophisticated series of modular Impact Testers expandable with instrumented strain gauged striking edge with high-speed data acquisition system, patented laser optoelectronic-measuring-system for deflection (bending) and crack opening measurement for the experimental determination of the intensity of stress, KID / KIC-factor with ultra high speed ADC board for data acquisition. Series PH Joule Series PH Joule LOEMS - Laser Measuring System Accessories 108 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

109 Impact Testing E Index F Impact Testers Machine Type Capacity Range Page Impact Testing and Standards 110 Series PH Joule 111 Technical Data 112 Series PH Joule 113 Technical Data 115 Patented Laser Opto-Electronic-Measuring System Type LOEMS 116 Broaching Machines Series BRM / Series BRM - M 117 Cooling Chambers Series DC 118 Pre-Conditioning Chambers Series HC 119 walter+bai ag Testing Machines 109

110 E Impact Testing Impact Testing Impact testing relate specifically to the behaviour of metal when subjected to a single application of a load resulting in multiaxial stresses associated with a notch, coupled with high rates of loading and in some cases with high or low temperatures. For some materials and temperatures, impact tests on notched specimens have been found to predict the likelihood of brittle fracture better than tension tests or other tests used in material specifications. The impact energy measured by the Charpy test is the work done to fracture the specimen. On impact, the specimen deforms elastically until yielding takes place (plastic deformation), and a plastic zone develops at the notch. As the test specimen continues to be deformed by the impact, the plastic zone work hardens. This increases the stress and strain in the plastic zone until the specimen fractures. The Charpy impact energy therefore includes the elastic strain energy, the plastic work done during yielding and the work done to create the fracture surface. The elastic energy is usually not a significant fraction of the total energy, which is dominated by the plastic work. The total impact energy depends on the size of the test specimen, and a standard specimen size is used to allow comparison between different materials. Schematic Illustration of a Charpy Impact and Izod (Cantilever-Beam) Test (Illustration dimensionally not correct) Standards Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials are specified by European standard EN 10045, DIN-50 and ASTM E23. These test methods describe notched-bar impact testing of metallic materials by the Charpy (simple-beam) and the Izod (cantilever-beam) test. They give the requirements for: test specimens, test procedures, test reports, test machines verifying Charpy impact machines, optional test specimen configurations, precracking Charpy V-notch specimens, designation of test specimen orientation, and determining the percent of shear fracture on the surface of broken impact specimens. In addition, information is provided on the significance of notched-bar impact testing, methods of measuring the centre of strike, and the availability of Charpy V-notch verification specimens. These test methods do not address the problems associated with impact testing at temperatures below -196 C (-320 F, 77 K). This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are also given. 110 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

111 Impact Testing E Impact Pendulum Testers Series PH Joule Exchangeable pendulums with strikers anvils and specimen supports. With motorised hammer lifting system including electro-magnetic brake Standard for Type PH 50 Joule, Option for Type PH 25 Joule. With quick, easy and accurate specimen centring device. Features: Rigid design avoiding secondary swinging Electronic high resolution angle-transducer (encoder) and interface board for PC with connecting cable Electro-mechanical safety release mechanism of the pendulum Electro-magnetic brake for the pendulum Safety guard with remote control and safety door Option for IZOD testing walter+bai ag Testing Machines 111

112 E Impact Testing Technical Data Series PH Max. impact work: Joule Impact velocity: m / s Angular of descent: degrees Dimensions W x D x H: mm 460 x 530 x x 530 x 1085 Weight: kg Type PH 50 Joule Type PH 25 Joule 112 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

113 Impact Testing E Impact Pendulum Testers Series PH Joule The resilience test allows determining the fragility or resistance that opposes a material to the break. To realise the test is employed the pendulum of fall that measures the existing residual energy after the break the difference between the total energy developed by the machine and the absorbed by the material. Sophisticated series of modular Impact Testers expandable with instrumented strain gauged striking edge with high-speed data acquisition system, patented laser optoelectronic-measuring-system for deflection (bending) and crack opening measurement for the experimental determination of the intensity of stress, KID / KIC-factor with ultra high speed ADC board for data acquisition or pre-conditioning chambers with semi or fully automated specimen-feeding system. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 113

114 E Impact Testing Features: Rigid U (Box) Frame avoiding secondary swinging High accuracy Charpy pendulum hammer for 150, 300 or 450 Joules potential energy including striking edge, anvils and specimen supports Electronic high resolution angle-transducer (encoder) and interface board for PC with connecting cable Centring device for correct positioning of CHARPY specimens Electro-mechanical safety release mechanism of the pendulum Electro-magnetic brake for the pendulum Motorised hammer lifting system including electro-magnetic release Stops for fast and repeatable exchange of anvil block Set of anvil blocks with supports to ISO EN, ASTM, DIN, ISO-V and ISO-U specimens 55 x 10 x 10 mm Quick attachment kit for specimens 55 x 5 x 10mm or others Ergonomic design for sitting or standing operation Safety guard with remote control and safety door. Beside of the big sliding doors which only must be opened for cleaning the safety guard is equipped with an additional small sliding door which can easily be opened to load the specimen quick on the centring device w+b Software Package for rapid and productive testing and specialised evaluation. With fully automated test runs and daily checking procedure. Automatic data storage Calculation of absorbed energy in Joule and Test report print out according customer requirements Statistical evaluation with histogram and graphics ASCII export of data Alternative with digital readout instead of the advanced Software package Special Features: Centring Device for correct positioning Small Sliding Door for quick and easy specimen loading on centring device. 114 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

115 Impact Testing E Technical Data Series PH Max. impact work: Joule Impact velocity: m / s Angular of descent: degrees Resolution in the Software: Joule Dimensions W x D x H: mm 2385 x 850 x x 850 x x 850 x 2273 Weight: kg Option: Analogue Scale with Pointer walter+bai ag Testing Machines 115

116 E Impact Testing Patented Laser Opto-Electronic Measuring System Type LOEMS force, deflection (bending) & crack opening measurement or experimental determination of the intensity of stress, KID and KIC-factor with ultra high speed (8 channels at 2.5 MHz, one channel 20 MHz) ADC board for data acquisition. Including software package for research purposes. The determination of the factor of intensity of distortion KIC or KID in dynamics requires the measurement of the crack opening displacement (COD) according to the applied force. While the measurement of these two parameters, force and particularly COD, poses no problems under normal test conditions, (ambient T and slow distortion), it is not the case when the conditions become extreme, as in the case of a shock test with an impact pendulum where the use of a precision extensometer is not possible. In order to measure the distortion during a shock test, an optical method without contact is required, permitting measurement of distortion directly on the specimen during the rupture (test time about 300µs) not only in the direction of application of the force (deflection) but also in the transversal sense (COD). A high-speed acquisition card (20MHz, 8 canals) ensures a very precise sampling range. The principle of the method consists of drilling two very fine holes 10mm apart at the level of the crack of the specimen, which has no influence whatsoever on the state of distortion at the level of the crack. A laser beam of a diameter greater than that of the holes drilled in the specimen illuminates these holes. At the moment of shock, the specimen is distorted. The holes are displaced within the illuminated area, which causes a displacement of the luminous spot emerging from the specimen onto photosensitive cells PSD _Dual axis (Position sensitive displacement) positioned under the specimen. These cells emit an electronic signal, depending on the location of the luminous spot, which is recorded by the acquisition card. It is possible then to measure the distortion of the specimen simultaneously with the measurement of the applied force with distortion gauges. From the value of COD and the theory of linear mechanics of the rupture, it is possible to determine the KID. 116 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

117 Impact Testing Broaching Machines Series BRM / Series BRM - M for Charpy V and U Notches designed for cuttting Charpy V and U notches and Izod V notches in 10 mm square alloy steel specimens. Intended for bench mounting, this robustly constructed machines cuts the notches by means of a specially designed multi-toothed broach which is drawn across the specimen by rotating the spooked hand wheel for Series BRM-M manual models or by pressing down button at the motorized Series BRM models. A Hand Vice for holding the specimen is built onto the machine body and the tooling includes the adjusters and stops necessary to ensure notch depth and position are correctly set. Attachments are available to facilitate most common specimens. Broaches are not included and must be ordered separately from the range available. An operational floor-to-floor time of 17 secs. can be expected, although if a continuous heavy workload is envisaged we would strongly recommend our Motorised Machine be considered. E Motorized Broaching Machine Series BRM Accessories: ACBR**002 Broach ISO-V 2 mm Type with Length 360 mm (Standard Broach) ACBR**003 Broach ISO-V 2 mm Type with Length 240 mm ACBR**004 Broach ISO-U 5 mm Type with Length 360 mm (Standard Broach) ACBR**005 Broach DVM KCU 3 mm Type with Length 360 mm ACBR**007 Broach DVMK KU 2 mm Type with Length 360 mm Manual Broaching Machine Series BRM - M walter+bai ag Testing Machines 117

118 E Cooling Chambers Series DC for Impact Testing Samples with Digital Controller, Air - Cooled Version This refrigerated circulator is equipped with a bath opening for direct temperature controlling samples. The built-in CFC-free cooling circuit enables efficient heat removal. This unit is often used to replace expensive tap water cooling; robust design using high grade stainless steel and temperature resistant polymer with sealed bath cover; removable fan grid allows easy cleaning; bath is equipped with handles and drain opening; 2-speed power-pump to reduce turbulences in open baths, wear-free; integrated overload protection; user-resettable, adjustable over temperature cut-out and low liquid level protection; easy to operate by only 4 navigation keys; electronic PID control using a highly sensitive Pt 1000 sensor for excellent temperature accuracy; RS 232C interface as standard; user-defined fixed temperatures with separate RTA for each temperature; display resolution selectable between 0.1 and 0.01 C; limitation of the usable temperature range by high and low temperature setting; RTA = Real-Temperature-Adjustment. User-adjustable correction factor to meet ISO 9004; Alarm indication by FIS = Fault-Identification-System. The reason for any malfunction is clearly displayed; built-in ETC (External Temperature Control) with a connection for an external Pt 100 sensor. Impact Testing Technical Data: DC50 - K75 DC10 - K15 Bath Volume: l Cooling Capacity at 20 C: W Temperature Accuracy: K +/ / Working Temperature Range: C -75 to to 100 Dimensions Overall: mm 380 x 460 x x 625 x 425 Dimensions Inside: mm 130 x 100 x x 100 x 150 Power Supply: 220 V / 2450 VA 220 V / 1900 VA Weight: kg walter+bai ag Testing Machines

119 Impact Testing Sample Pre-Conditioning Chambers Series H0 for Impact Testing Samples This apparatus is meant for impact tests to be carried out at low temperatures. It is made from double chambered stainless steel with isolating cavity wall from foamed polyurethane 65 mm thick. Complete with double chambered cover and specimen rack. E H052 / H H054 H050 Technical Data: Type H052 H052.1 Internal Dimensions W x D x H: mm 125 x 125 x x 235 x 210 Weight: Kg Accessories: H050 Dry-Ice Maker: This device instantaneously produces the quantity of dry ice (solid CO2) required to reach temperatures down to -80 C. The dry-ice maker must be connected to a liquid CO2 bottle with connecting pipe and it produces 100g dry-ice tablets, having Ø 75 mm and 25 mm thickness. Weight: 3 kg H054 Pliers special-shaped, pliers to take cooled specimens from the bath and place them directly into the Impact Tester. HD 9218 Thermometer for the measuring of the bath temperature of test bars for impact tests, digital display with scale from 200 to C HD Feeler for Thermometer to read temperatures from 200 to +800 C, type PT 742. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 119

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121 Section G Servo-Actuator Testing Systems walter+bai ag Testing Machines Industriestrasse 4, 8224 Löhningen, Switzerland, Tel. +41 (0) , Fax +41 (0) info@walterbai.com / Internet:

122 G Servo-Actuators Servo-Actuator Testing Systems for Civil, Structural and Architectural Testing Constructions such as bridges, high-rise buildings and towers are also subjected to considerable stresses, caused by shocks, ground movement or wind. Public safety as well as economical construction measures are both important factors. A continuous exchange of information with research and scientific organisations provides state-of-the-art test technology which is for us as testing machines and testing system supplier for the building industries is essential. Servo-Actuators kn Universal Portal Load Frames Joints for Actuators Hydraulic Power Packs / Accessories 122 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

123 Servo-Actuators G Index G Servo-Actuator Testing Installations Machine Type Capacity Range Page Servo-Acutators kn 124 Technical Data 126 Universal Portal Load Frames 127 Joints for Actuators 128 Hydraulic Power Packs ltr. / min 129 Technical Data 131 Accessories 132 walter+bai ag Testing Machines 123

124 G Servo-Actuators Servo-Actuators for Load Capacities kn Backlash-free static, quasi-static and dynamic (cyclic testing) material, component or structural testing in threshold or alternating loading. When used in combination with hydraulic power packs, digital controllers and DIONPRO software packages these actuators can be used from static or dynamic applications to simultaneous testing of up to four actuators at time, for completely independent programming of each. Wear-free Synchronous Actuators with hydrostatic bearings and optimised friction properties with stick-slip free movement also at very low and very high piston speeds. Synchronous Actuators with integrated displacement transducer. Differential Actuators with vibration damping. Hollow Actuators with small guide play for high finish accuracy. Rotary (Torsional) Actuators with optimized material selection and surface treatment. Axial-Torsional Actuators for high lateral forces and emergency running. 124 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

125 Servo-Actuators G Servo - Actuators Series AG / AH kn for Static, Pseudodynamic, Dynamic and High Performance Testing. These actuators are a double ended, equal area construction to generate an equal axial force in tension and compression. A precision displacement transducer is integrated in the actuators. The manifold platen for the servovalve(s) and accumulators is mounted direct on actuators. They are well suited for all types of testing (from static to dynamic) and are known for their excellent fatigue reliability, accuracy and repeatability. These actuators are the most versatile and by far the most popular solution for all forms of servo hydraulic testing. Features: Double ended. Equal area equal axial force in tension and compression High allowable side-loads due to double ended design and long wheel base Integrated displacement transducer Servovalve manifold direct on actuators with accumulators to absorb pressure spikes and keeps lines stationary. Models equipped with pilot pressure circuits contain a 3 µm (absolute) pilot pressure filters to further protect the servovalve and enhance system performance. Fatigue reliability. Accurate & high repeatability. Rugged proven design Models equipped with pilot pressure circuits contain a 3 µm (absolute) pilot pressure filters to further protect the servovalve and enhance system performance. Series AG: This rugged fatigue-rated actuators incorporates state-of-the art plain acetyl polymer bearing to provide excellent dynamic rated characteristics and features. Series AH: This actuators utilize hydrostatic bearings. The hydrostatic bearings keeps the piston rod centred providing for friction free operation and virtually unlimited service life. The AH series allows high side-loads and with it s plastic coated chambers is able to withstand forces exceeding the load capacity (emergency running which may appear during fracture a.s.o). Available with seals or without seals but using suction pumps. the AH is the high end solution for all types of fatigue testing. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 125

126 G Servo-Actuators Technical Data Series AH: Type Stat. Force kn Dyn. Force kn A at 100 mm Stroke A at 250 mm Stroke B at 100 mm Stroke B at 250 mm Stroke C in mm D in mm M in mm Q in mm R in mm Weight at 100 mm Weight at 250 mm D M R A B C S M Q Accessories High precision static or fatigue rated tension / compression load cells or differential pressure transducers Manifold platen for single or multiple servo-valves with accumulators and flushing platen Conditioner (amplifier) box mounted on actuators High performance servo-valves Feet flange 126 walter+bai ag Testing Machines Plain rod-ends Threaded flanges, with male or female threads Round or square-type mounting flanges Swivel bearing Backlash-free cardan joints Backlash-free ball Joints Compression platen Leak-oil suction pumps Hoses to the actuators Quick connecting couplings Servovalves: Using high performance Moog two Stage Flow Control Servovalve with Mechanical Feedback Pilot Stage, Series D761 with nominal flow rates up to 65 l/min or three stage servovalves Series D660 or D781 for higher oil flows.

127 Servo-Actuators G Custom Manufactured Universal Portal Load Frames Serving Civil, Structural and Architectural Testing Labs since 1972, walter+bai ag Testing Machines benefits from wide experience in static and dynamic lab installations and equipment. Through our ability in engineering w+b can offer complete custom manufactured installations to suit your specific testing needs in physical testing all over the world. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 127

128 G Servo-Actuators Joints for Servo-Actuators to eliminate misalignments and side loads from actuators and load cells, which could occurs during structure testing and damage or reduce the service life of your actuator or invalidate test results and cost you time. Cardan Joints Series JC Backlash-free cardan joints are designed for dynamic, alternating loading in connection with servoactuators. The rugged design provides backlash-free testing up to full force rating and longest service life. This series of joints are available up to high nominal force ratings and providing movements of ± 8. Ball Joints Series JB Backlash free ball joints are the ideal connection elements for dynamic testing in connection with servo hydraulic testing actuators. Ball joints are used to protect actuators from unwanted side loads. While oscillating loads are applied to the test object the ball joints allows rotating of the test object. The nominal angle of ball joints series JB are +/- 20 degree in each axis. Nominal loads and connection flanges are adapted to the testing actuators up to 630 kn. Swivel Bearings Series GK The swivel bearings consisting of rod eye with spherical plain bearing and clevis bracket. They are available to fix on feet flange of the actuators or mountable on load cell on the end of the piston rod. They are suitable for static or dynamic threshold testing. The through-zero clearance is approximate (depending on max. force rating) 0.05 to 0.15 mm. This joints represents a cost-effective solution to the backlash-free Series JC and JB. 128 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

129 Servo-Actuators G Hydraulic Power Packs Series PA ltr. / min Standard power packs are available with a flow rate up to 500 L / min. Larger rates are available upon request. Specially designed for the hydraulic oil supply of servohydraulic testing installations. The units are self contained, free-standing and noise-isolated available in open or totally enclosed form. Series PAC: Pump with Constant Delivery Series PAR: Pump with Automatic Flow Regulation walter+bai ag Testing Machines 129

130 G Servo-Actuators Features: Accumulator fitted to reduce pressure fluctuations and provide peak flows beyond pump capacity. Thermostatically controlled oil to water cooler Integral starter for electric motors, with remote control facility. Adjustable pressure control valve to permit operation of unit at reduced pressure Pressure, reservoir temperature and fluid level indicators. Integral fail-safe circuits to shut down unit if abnormal conditions develop. Optional remote control: pressure control and panel with temperature or pressure indication Minimum pressure switch to detect loss of pressure. Thermostatically controlled oil heater. Unit totally enclosed by covers coated with sound reducing material air blast oil cooler. The units are self contained, free-standing and noise-isolated available in open or totally enclosed form. 130 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

131 Servo-Actuators G Technical Data Power Packs with Constant Delivery Pumps: Type PAC Pump delivery L/min Max. system pressure bar Tank capacity Litre Oil filtration Micron Cooling requirement L/min Main connections V 3x Power consumption KW Width mm Depth mm Height mm Weight without oil kg Noise level at 1 m dba Power Packs with Automatic Flow Regulated Pumps: Type PAR Pump delivery L/min Max. system pressure bar Tank capacity Liter Oil filtration Mikron Cooling requirement L/min Main connections V 3x Power consumption KW Width mm Depth mm Height mm Weight without oil kg Noise level at 1 m dba walter+bai ag Testing Machines 131

132 G Accessories Remote Control: Remote control panel with main switch, power on, dirty filter, low hydraulic fluid, low oil pressure, over temperature and motor overloaded indications and failsafe circuit to shut down if abnormal conditions appears. Servo-Actuators Cooling: While water cooling with thermostatic water regulation valve for minimum water consumption is the standard method for maintaining proper oil operation temperature an environmentally friendly air cooler can also by supplied. For larger power packs and whenever the needed water consumption cause high operating costs closed re-coolers systems for closed water circuits are available. Hardline Installation: Beside of from very simply connections of actuators through flexible tubes or piping larger installations or central power packs requires complete hydraulic distribution systems. With more than 30 years of experience as supplier of hydraulic test systems w+b can design, fabricate and install complete hardline distribution systems for central power packs to it s load. Hydraulic Manifold and Command Units These units provide reduced oil pressure and reduced oil flow for safe test set up and shut down of the system. Isolating the actuator from the hydraulic power pack, they simplify the test set up and operation. The hydraulic manifolds provide extremely reliable fluid regulation and enhance the system performance. They protect the system from dynamic transients and insuring good test data. 132 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

133 Section H Internal Pressure Testing Systems walter+bai ag Testing Machines Industriestrasse 4, 8224 Löhningen, Switzerland, Tel. +41 (0) , Fax +41 (0) info@walterbai.com / Internet:

134 H Internal Pressure Internal Pressure Testing Systems With long history, walter+bai ag Testing Machines develops and manufactures static and dynamic internal pressure testing installations used for testing of components of diesel injection systems, injection pipes, hoses, vessels and other hollow bodies as well as pressure intensifiers for high pressure actuators or triaxial cells. Static leak or burst pressure testing installation reach pressures up to bar and dynamic testing installations depending on frequency up to 4000 bar. Due to our extensive know-how from many years we are able to offer testing solutions according to your needs. Servohydraulic Internal High Pressure Testing Installation Type HD OW 1400 S/D for Burst Pressure and Fatigue Testing of Vessels in Your Testing Chamber with Temperature Range from - 50 C to +120 C. according to EN , -2, -3, EN 1975, EN , -2 and EN Static Pressure: up to 1400 bar Dynamic Pressure: up to 1100 bar Servohydraulic Dynamic Testing Installation Type HD SV 3600 bar for testing of common-rail components Dynamic Pressure: 3600 bar Variable Volumetric Output: up to 30 cm 3 Testing Frequency: 1 Hz up to 20 Hz The System consists of: Hydraulic Power Pack 350 Litre / min Pressure Intensifier 1:18 with Testing Chamber Digital Controller with Testing Software DION Dynamic Testing Installation Type PHD 3600 bar 134 walter+bai ag Testing Machines for testing of Diesel injection pipes and other common rail components. The installation works according the pulsator method and is characterised therefore by its very low energy consumption. Dynamic Pressure: 3600 bar Volumetric Output: up to 30 cm 3 Testing Frequency: 7.5 Hz up to 15 Hz

135 Internal Pressure H Servohydraulic Internal Pressure Testing Installation with Oil / Water Separator Type HD OW 4000 bar for Static and Cyclical testing Static Pressure: up to 4000 bar Dynamic Pressure: up to 3000 bar Volumetric Output: up to2000 ccm Testing Frequency: up to 5 Hz Testing Fluid: Water / Emulsion Testing Installation with Oil / Water Separator Series HD OW 1000 bar for Impulse Testing of Hoses a.s.o. Testing Pressure: up to 1000 bar Volumetric Output: up to 500 ccm Testing Frequency: 1 Hz up to 2 Hz Testing Fluid: Water / Emulsion Bursting Testing Installation Type HD BM 1000 bar for Internal Pressure Testing of different Die- Casting Pieces for the Automobile Industry with Oil Static Pressure: up to 1000 bar High Pressure Pump Oil Flow: 1.5 ltr. / min Testing Fluid: Oil Pressure Control: manual Acquisition and print out of test data with PC Electromechanical Closed Loop Burst Tester Type HD EM 1000 bar. specially designed to test seamless and welded wrought zirconium and zirconium-alloy tubes and end cap welds. for testing of nuclear components according to ASTM B353. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 135

136 H Internal Pressure Electromechanical Pressure Intensifier Series HD EM S 2000 bar Specially designed for the generation and precise control in closed loop mode of triaxialcell pressure and measuring of displacement volume in connection with rock testing machines. Air Controlled Water or Oil Pressure Generator Series HD LP for burst testing or slow cyclical testing of vessels, pipes, hoses a.s.o. up to 4000 bar. Options: Digital read-out for display of pressure and volume PC for test data acquisition and test report print-out Oil Pressure Generator Series PA HD for the Generation and Precise Holding of Pressures up to 1000 bar. Pump Oil Flow : 0 up to 1.5 ltr. / min. Control: - manual: with Loading and Unloading Valves and Digital Read Out - closed loop: with High Pressure Servovalve and Digital Controller 136 walter+bai ag Testing Machines High Pressure Intensifier for Existing Hydraulic Pulsator Systems Series HDI up to 4000 bar for Dynamic Internal Pressure Testing of Commen-Rail and Other Components. Pressure Intensifier Ratio up to 1:20 The maximum high pressure volumetric output depends upon the existing pulsator system and pressure intensifier ratio.

137 Internal Pressure H Servohydraulic 2- up to 6-Way Pressure Intensifier up to 1500 bar for special research purposes Servohydraulic High Pressure Installation up to 2000 bar for Triaxial-Cells for Rock Testing Fully Automatic Leak Pressure Testing Installation up to 800 bar for Special Barrels with deformation measuring system. Semiautomatic Pipe Testing Installation up to 1000 bar for Pipes up to Ø 300 mm and Length up to 3000 mm with integrated deformation measurement. Semiautomatic Testing Installation up to 1000 bar with Sample Handling for simultaneous testing of 3 special barrels Vessel Testing Installation up to 800 bar for testing of gas, oxygen or diving bottles as well as pressure accumulators. Modernisation of Existing High Pressure Testing Systems w+b offers different levels of modernisation of existing high pressure testing systems from all types of manufacturers. The upgrade of your test system will bring it back to the most advanced testing control with increased productivity and reliability. The different modernisation packages range from cost effective ad-on for test data acquisition to a full modernisation with digital controller and software for testing in closed loop mode. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 137

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139 Section I Modernisations of Existing Machines walter+bai ag Testing Machines Industriestrasse 4, 8224 Löhningen, Switzerland, Tel. +41 (0) , Fax +41 (0) info@walterbai.com / Internet:

140 I Modernisations Modernisations of Existing Testing Machines Our modernisation packages will bring your existing testing system back to the most advanced testing control with increased productivity and reliability. w+b offers different levels of modernisation of existing testing systems from all manufacturers. w+b offers different levels of upgrades to meet the wide variety of testing needs of laboratories and manufacturers. Hydraulic Testing Machines Electromechanical Testing Machines Impact Testers Hydrostatic Testing Systems 140 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

141 Modernisations I Index I Modernisations of Existing Machines Modernisations of Page Hydraulic Testing Machines 142 Examples 144 Electromechanical Testing Machines 145 Examples 147 Impact Testers 148 Pipe and Pressure Testing Systems 149 walter+bai ag Testing Machines 141

142 I Modernisations Modernisation of Existing Hydraulic Testing Machines w+b offers different levels of modernisation of existing hydraulic testing machines from all manufacturers. The upgrade of your testing system will bring it back to the most advanced testing control with increased productivity and reliability. Different Levels of Upgrades: w+b offers different levels of upgrades to meet the wide variety of testing needs of laboratories and manufacturers. The modernisation spectrum ranges from add-on data acquisition system to complete refurbished machines with new hydraulic power pack, digital controller with software packages a.s.o. 142 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

143 Modernisations Levels of Upgrade I Modernisation Level 1: Package for Electronic Force-Deformation Measurement. With this add on retrofit package your manual controlled testing machine will be equipped with new force measuring sensors, extensometer and digital display. For easy calculations and print-out of test reports in connection with PC, Printer and Software Packages is available. Modernisation Level 2: Package for Electronic Force-Deformation Measurement and with New Hydraulic Power Pack. This modernisation package will completely replace your old control console through one of our manual controlled standard units. Additionally new force measuring sensors, extensometer, digital display and PC with software package for easy calculations and test report print-out as described in level 1 will be delivered. Modernisation Level 3: Package for Closed Loop Testing with Automatic Test Procedure. This package transforms your manual-controlled testing machine into a closed loop controlled system or replaces your existing controller with our latest digital technology with automatic test procedure and data acquisition. Existing hydraulic power, servo valve, displacement and electronic pressure transducer can be replaced if necessary or reused if possible. Modernisation Level 4: Package for Closed Loop Testing with Automatic Test Procedure and with New Hydraulic Power Pack. This modernisation package will completely replace the outdated control and power supply through a standard control console with integrated power pack, digital controller with PC running testing software providing closed loop testing with automatic test procedure and data acquisition. Modernisation Level 5: Package Level 1-4 and with Refurbished Load Frame. This modernisation package consists of one of the Level 1 to 4 including completely refurbishing of the existing load frame. The load frame will be completely disassembled, checked and renewed in our factory. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 143

144 I Modernisations Examples of Modernised Hydraulic Material Testing Machines Schenk-Hydropuls Type PSA 40 kn Schenk-Hydropuls Type PSA-04A 40 kn Tinius Olsen Type L 300 kn Dynamic Instron Type 1345 / 500 kn Wolpert 20 kn WPM Type ZD 1000 kn WPM Type ZD 200 kn Roell+Korthaus Type MFL 600 kn Wolpert- Amsler Type 40 THZ kn Amsler Type SZDBA kn Amsler Type PZ BDA kn Amsler Type 100 SZ BDA 230 Losenhausen 400 kn MAN Type UPM 400 kn MAN 400 kn w+b LCM 100 kn 144 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

145 Modernisations I Modernisation of Existing Electromechanical Testing Machines w+b offers different levels of modernisation of existing electromechanical testing machines from all manufacturers. The upgrade of your test system will bring it back to the most advanced testing control with increased productivity and reliability. Different Levels of Upgrades: w+b offers different levels of upgrades to meet the wide variety of testing needs of laboratories and manufacturers. The modernisation systems offered from w+b are modular designed and provide different options. The modernisation spectrum ranges from add-on packages to complete refurbished machines. At the most systems the outdated motor is replaced through a high responsive servomotor for faster starts and stops, best control, and highest accuracy. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 145

146 I Modernisations Modular System All existing sensors or extensometers can be connected to the new control system. They all will be upgraded with sensor plugs with transducer coding (SGS). This enables to store all information (as capacity, measuring range, calibration etc.) from the connected transducer with self-identification of it. The system can be expanded in order that the existing extensometers can be linked. For machines equipped with hydraulic grips w+b offers new hydraulic power supplies with grip control system allowing an independent control of the grips. For parallel grips the clamping force can be adjusted in order to improve better performance on a variety of specimens thanks to a wide pressure adjustment range. It prevents damage to your specimens from grip or specimen slippage during your tests. The clamping pressure is permanently measured, controlled and shown on a digital display. All hydraulic grip power packs provides a stable hydraulic pressure that doesn t increase even if the temperature does. New inserts for grips also can be delivered either from stock or through our internal machine shop. Application: Modernized 10 kn Table Top Universal Testing Machine With original automatic axial / reduction in width extensometer. Alternative the machine can also work with a new video-extensometer type ME 46. The controller type EDC 120 is integrated in the 19 case which is part of the system table. Advanced control and flexibility is given by DIONSTAT material testing software package. 146 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

147 Modernisations I Examples of Modernised Electromechanical Material Testing Machines Roell+Korthaus Series 250 / 50 kn Roell+Korthaus Series 115 / 100 kn Roell+Korthaus 20 kn / 200 kn 50(75) kn Zwick Type kn Zwick Type kn Zwick Type kn Zwick Type kn Zwick Type 1484 UTS Type / 5 kn UTS Type Eurotest 100 kn UTS 200 kn Loyds 10 kn Tinius Olsen 300 kn WPM Type FP 100 kn 100 kn VEB Type ZD 10 / 90 Testometric Type M / 10 kn walter+bai ag Testing Machines 147

148 I Modernisations Modernisation of Existing Impact Testers w+b offers different levels of modernisation of existing impact testers from all manufacturers. The upgrade of your test system will bring it back to the most advanced testing control with increased productivity and reliability. Different Levels of Upgrades: w+b offers different levels of upgrades to meet the wide variety of testing needs of laboratories and manufacturers. The modernisation systems offered from w+b are modular designed and provide different options. The modernisation spectrum ranges from add-on packages to complete refurbished machines. The modernisation converts the system into a high resolution digital one that interface w+b impact testing software package for rapid and productive testing with fully automated test runs and daily checking procedure. The modernisation also can include completely refurbishing of the existing impact tester. MFL Type PSW 300 Joule Wolpert 300 Joule 148 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

149 Modernisations I Modernisation of Hydrostatic Testing Systems w+b offers different levels of modernisation of existing pipe and pressure testing systems from all manufacturers. The upgrade of your test system will bring it back to the most advanced testing control with increased productivity and reliability. Different Levels of Upgrades: w+b offers different levels of upgrades to meet the wide variety of testing needs of laboratories and manufacturers. The modernisation systems offered from w+b are modular designed and provide different options. The modernisation spectrum ranges from add-on packages to complete refurbished machines. Roell+Korthaus Type A60 - SF Amsler Type BP 717 mod. w+b Burst Testing Installation Amsler Pulsators Type P960 walter+bai ag Testing Machines 149

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151 Section J Digital Controllers and Software walter+bai ag Testing Machines Industriestrasse 4, 8224 Löhningen, Switzerland, Tel. +41 (0) , Fax +41 (0) info@walterbai.com / Internet:

152 J Digital Controllers Digital Controllers and Software Digital Closed Loop Controllers for force, displacement, deformation closed loop control and data acquisition. The w+b testing machines use the latest digital technology to ensure you accurate and repeatable results from test to test. w+b digital controllers can be used with static or dynamic servohydraulic and electromechanical universal material testing machines or for modernisation of existing machines. Digital Closed Loop Controller Series EDC for Static and Dynamic Applications up to 20 Hz / 100 Hz Digital Multi-Channel Control System Series PCS for High Rate Dynamic and Static Applications for Multi-Actuator Systems Testing Software Windows based software packages for any universal testing systems from w+b. Fully Automatic control of the test procedure and data collection of results for analysis and reporting. w+b software guarantees accurate, reliable and efficient testing. w+b offers standard software for fully automatic testing as well as specialized application software according to your needs. Universal Material Testing Software for Static and Dynamic Testing Fully free programmable software in accordance with international standards. Specialized Application Software Packages for Any Testing Need Special Tests demand special software. Hardware & Software Support To make sure your investment lasts as long as possible even if your requirements change, our engineers will provide you advice on how you can benefit from our steady developing in software. This will guarantee you, that your system maintain at peak performance. Application Service: We can provide test methods, report templates or graphic presentations precisely to your specification, developed within w+b standard software packages. Our application experts have many years experience in materials testing applications and will work to meet your requirements. 152 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

153 Digital Controllers and Software Index J Digital Controllers and Software J Type Page Digital Controller Series EDC 154 Applications 155 Multi-Channel Control System Series PC 156 Applications 157 Universal Material Testing Software Overview 158 Available Software Packages DIONFAMILY 159 Static and Dynamic Testing DIONPRO 160 Static Testing DIONSTAT 162 Application Software Packages Overview 164 Thermo Mechanical Fatigue Testing DIONTMF 166 Creep Testing DIONCREEP 169 walter+bai ag Testing Machines 153

154 J Digital Controllers and Software Digital Closed-Loop Controllers Series EDC Modular digital controller for closed loop control in load, displacement, deformation or external mode and data acquisition. Specially designed for w+b testing machines to ensure accurate and repeatable results with the use of the latest digital technology. This high resolution controller is specially designed for static and dynamic testing in connection with w+b testing machines. Beside of many other features the controller include a digital hand wheel for easy test set-up. Enhances productivity is given by automatic crosshead return after specimens failure. All sensors are automatically recognised with integrated calibration. Features: Real-time, multitasking control system with high resolution and high control and data acquisition rate with synchronization of all channels. Incremental rectangle input with control of transducer present or crosshead travel Flash EEPROM able to modify by PC Transducer coding (SGS) with automatic recognition of transducer and calibration. Digital hand wheel for precise setting of the crosshead Resolution of ± 240'000 Digits at 20 ms integration time. Scope of Delivery: Digital Controller Series EDC PC with Material Testing Software DION PC-Table or 19 Control Console Technical Data Series EDC No. control channels: 1 1 Test frequency: 20 Hz 100 Hz No. of control modes: 3 3 No. of measurement channels: up to 4 up to 8 Data acquisition frequency: 1000 Hz 5000 Hz Resolution of inputs: up to 19 bit Interfaces to PC: Ethernet / LAN Dimensions W x D x H: 255 x 350 x 105 mm 154 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

155 Digital Controllers and Software Applications with Series EDC J Electromechanical Testing Machine Type LFM-L 10 kn for small force testing High Capacity Testing Machine Type TTM 1500 kn for high strength steel testing Compact Electromechanical Testing Machines Type LFMZ 50 kn with build-in controlling for long-term creep and relaxation tests Electromechanical Testing Machine Type LFMZ 50 kn for testing asphalt under climate conditions Dynamic Testing Machine Type LFV 50 kn for potential crack growth monitoring Modernisation of Existing Universal Testing Machine Type MAN with new control unit for closed loop control walter+bai ag Testing Machines 155

156 J Digital Controllers and Software Multi-Channel Control System Series PCS Expandable digital multi-channel measuring and control system for static and dynamic material testing. Multi-channel control expandable to several control channels. With 2 independent and combinable set-point value generators. Test frequency 8 khz on each channel. High resolution digital multi-channel control system for force, displacement and deformation closed loop control. Features: Highest Performance for test frequencies up to 150 Hz on each channel. Expandable: The system can be expanded to several control channels through combination of controllers. High system-reliability: Clearly structured system with few highly integrated and easily comprehensible hardware components. Up to 13 measurement and control channels per cycle. High data acquisition rate of 8 khz. With 2 independent programmable and combinable set point value generators. Synthesizer functions: rectangle, rectangle pulse, triangle, triangle pulse, sinus and curve. Menu-guided controller optimisation. Incremental hand wheel for easy handling. I/0 handling of peripheral units. Soft- and Hardware surveillance. 156 walter+bai ag Testing Machines integrated in mobile 19 console Scope of Delivery: PC with Material Testing Software DIONPRO Multi-channel control system Series PCS Integrated in 19 console or PC-Table integrated in mobile PC - Table Technical Data: No. of control channels: Test Frequency: Controller Time (Rate): Control modes: No. of measurement channels: Data acquisition frequency: Resolution of inputs: Interfaces to PC: Series PCS expandable to any number up to 150 Hz ms (8 khz) all connected inputs (force, displacement, deformation a.s.o.) up to stroke channel onboard up to 8 khz defined through user 19 bit Ethernet / LAN

157 Digital Controllers and Software Applications with Series PCS J Dynamic Testing Machine Type LFV 50 kn for Material and Component Testing Dynamic Tension / Compression and Torsion Testing Machine Type LFV 250 kn T1 000 Nm Horizontal electromechanical Testing Machine Type LFM-H 400 kn for Testing of Young Concrete Dynamic Structural Testing System with up to 4 Actuators and 32-Channel Data Aquisition Dynamic Testing Machine Type LFV 600 kn with Climatic Chamber 150 C to +600 C and 40-90% Relative Humidity (10 80 C) Rock Compression Testing Machine Type D kn D-S with Triaxial Cell and Electromechanical Pressure Intensifiers walter+bai ag Testing Machines 157

158 J Digital Controllers and Software w+b Universal Material Testing Software Packages Family DION Operates under Microsoft Windows XP DIONFAMILY Material Testing Software Family for materials, components, subassemblies, finished goods and functional testing combines the ultimative in rapid and productive testing with specialised and user-friendly applications for research, product and process development, and quality control applications. Software Packages DIONFAMILY: Automatic Zeroing at the begin of the test and auto return facility after specimen failure. All test results are displayed on the screen. Controlling of Automatic or Fully Automatic Extensometers with automatic open or closing of feelers, return to initial position for next test, automatic adjustment of initial length Lo etc. Measurement of Both Axial and Transversal Strain (restriction) with determination of r and n values, poisons ration µ, number of measurements N, durability constant K, vertical anisotropy r etc. Measuring Equipment as callipers, thickness gauges, measuring stand or balances can be connected with direct input of measurement into the software with averaging of multiple inputs. Protocol Generator allowing to customize protocols, reports and quality certificates,. Gives facility to create protocols etc. in any language not depending on installed software language. Statistical Package for fully statistical calculations as mean values, calculation of the reference values for further tests and a lot more. Equipped with New and Helpful Functions, which proved by our experience of many years with the different request of our customers as meaningful. So the function is to be called for switching the hydraulic aggregate off at the end of a cyclic attempt as example. 158 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

159 Digital Controllers and Software J DIONFAMILY Basic Software Module: for use of standard and application software packages universal module for the administration of data, test standards and users, on-line help for installed software, protocol generator with editor, statistic evaluation module as well as communication with the test machine (supports different types of electronic systems) and peripherals. Available Standard Software Packages: DIONPRO for Static and Dynamic Testing: Application Package for fully free user programmable testing, free controlling of testing machines and data acquisition of static, quasi-static, LCF and dynamic applications. This package allows the simply programming of complex test sequences. DIONSTAT for Static Testing: Application Package for standard tensile, compression, bending, folding and shear tests on various types of materials according to all relevant international standards. The package additionally allows to generate templates according to any other standard by the user. Additional Application Software Packages: DIONCREEP for Creep Testing Specially designed for data sampling, visualization and evaluation of up to 8 creep testing machines DIONHAT for High Temperature Testing in combination with furnace for fully communication and data acquisition of furnace DIONCRACK for Fracture Toughness Testing in accordance with ASTM E1820 and BS7448 parts 1 and 3, single specimen method. This application package lets you perform elastic-plastic fracture toughness tests on standard compact tension and bend test samples. The package includes pre-cracking capability. DIONKIC for KIC and Plane Stress Fracture Toughness Testing in accordance with ASTM E and ASTM E This application package lets you perform plane strain and plane stress toughness tests on standard compact tension, disk compact tension, bend, and middle tension test samples. DIONIMPACT for Charpy or IZOD Impact Testing in accordance with EN and ASTM E23. This application software package provides fully data acquisition and calculation for Charpy or IZOD impact testing either with determination of potential energy but also force in combination with instrumented impact testers or measurement of deflection (bending) and crack opening for the experimental determination of the intensity of stress, KID/KIC-factor in combination with our patented laser optical measuring system. DIONDROP for Drop Weight Tests in accordance with ASTM E-208, E436 and E-604 to determine the Nil-Ductility transition temperature of ferrit steels, tear tests of ferritic steels and dynamic tear testing of metallic materials. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 159

160 J Digital Controllers and Software Software for Static and Dynamic Applications DIONPRO Specially designed for static and dynamic material testing systems and actuators systems. Single- and multi-channel control of up to four actuators. The software allows easy fully free programming of complex test sequences. Features: High performance technology permits the execution of static and dynamic experiments for up to four simultaneous loops for static, quasi-static, LCF and dynamic applications analogue and status display as well as real-time graphics with zoom and freeze function for printer output at any time, inlcuding during the test individually modifiable data acquisition extensive and convenient evaluation options due to data conversion in ASCII format and filing on the network drive fully free user programmable testing free controlling of testing machines and peripherals Flexibly and User-friendly: The clearest advantage of the DIONPRO software is situated in relieved application. Even inexperienced users are within shortest time able to drive not only easy attempts to program but complex running check processes themselves. Modifications of the test sequences required by you can be transferred thus fast, whereby the old test configurations can be called at any time again. By the non-standard adjustable data storage you use only as much fixed disk capacity as necessary and by the universal format of the data can you your reports with the program favoured by you create. 160 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

161 Digital Controllers and Software J By the optional possibility of the simultaneous regulation of up to four measuring and automatic control loops you are shifted into the position to check a sample or a work piece e.g. to axial maximum stress during simultaneous subjection to torsion. Likewise the DIONPRO software is equipped with some new functions, which proved by our experience of many years with the different request of our customers as meaningful. So the function is to be called for switching the hydraulic aggregate off at the end of a cyclic attempt as example. Security is the Centre of Attention: Errors will always occur, where humans operate. The DIONPRO software was programmed with the extensive experiences from most different material inspection requirements. The various plausibility checks of this intelligent test program ensure a maximal security for your coworkers and guarantee the serviceability of your testing equipment for as long a period as possible. Interactive Automatic Controller Optimization: The DIONPRO software offers the possibility of making an optimization of the machine regulation also during operation. The effects of the automatic controller adjustments become immediately visible in the diagram. PID control data is storable as a file, so that your different test programs with the automatic controller adjustments optimized particularly for it can be carried out. Simple Error Diagnosis: The extensive diagnostic Windows of the new DIONPRO software enable in simplest way to localize an occurred error. The brisk recreation of the unrestricted operability of your material testing equipment is thus crucially simplified. Available in Connection with: Digital Controller Series EDC Multi-Channel Control System Series PCS walter+bai ag Testing Machines 161

162 J Software for Static Applications Digital Controllers and Software DIONSTAT Specially designed for static testing on various types of materials. for standard tensile, compression, bending, folding and shear tests on various types of materials according to all relevant international standards. Features: Provides machine control, data collection and automatic calculations. Real-Tim graphic and digital displays so you can visualise your test on the screen while it is running Selectable axis X/Y-axis: force, stress, crosshead stroke, (technical) strain, true stain, nominal strain, time elapsed a.s.o Variety of data acquisition options to accommodate virtually any type of test Extensive capabilities for graphical and numeric analysis of test data Choose from a variety of standard calculations designed specifically for material testing Provides the ability to edit your specimen data right on the screen with enhanced data acquisition with maximum flexibility and storage Possibility to create a variety of test methods and templates that will perform functions required for your specific needs or according to different standards Test report generator incl. handling of user defined attributes for test certificate s head date Statistical module for mean, minimum, maximum, rang, median, standard deviation, variation coefficient, level of confidence and many more. Re-calculation facility on stored results with different parameters Zoom functions in mouse or co-ordinate-zoom Multiple graphics allowing diagram window with multiple graphic of different curves. Test input on screen allows you to make points or put your remarks direct on the screen. 162 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

163 Digital Controllers and Software J Includes Standard Tests of Metallic Materials: Tensile Tests in accordance with EN and other international standards as ASTM and ISO sheet and strip (determination of tensile strain hardening exponent) etc. Compression Tests according to DIN and other international standards as ASTM or of building materials according to EN , EN196-1, Bending or Folding Tests according to EN ISO 7438, ASTM A615-85, A615M-89 and other international standards as ASTM or bending tests of building materials as EN or EN 196-1, Shear Tests according to DIN and other international standards as ASTM. Standard Tensile Testing on Non-Metallic Specimens such as rubber, elastomer, thermoplastic, coated fabrics, cellular plastics, cellular polymeric materials, reinforced plastic composites, composites, sheeting films, adhesives, wires and others according all relevant standards as EN, ISO, BS, ASTM, GHOST, DIN, SIA and others. Load displayed in terms of EN 60811, HD21 and HD22 standards units. Tensile Tests with the Determination of: yield stress, proof stress, UTS, modulus of elasticity, tensile strength Rm, upper yield strength Reh, lower yield strength ReL, x% elongation strength, non-proportional elongation Rpx, 0.2% elongation strength, nonproportional Rp0.2, x% elongation strength, elongation, final length Lo, % plastic elongation, elongation at rupture A, total elongation at rupture At, elongation at max. load Agt, elongation at yield Ac, highest load Fm,, total elongation Rtx, %0.5 elongation, total elongation Rt0.5, x% elongation strength Rtx, 0.2 elongation strength Rt0.2, stress-%elongation diagram, load-elongation diagram etc. Standard Compression Tests with the Determination of: compression stress, elasticity limit value, proportion limit value, yield stress, yield limit value, compression strain, compression strength at %x, compression strength at 0.2% etc. plastic deformation, shortening, shortening %, elasticity module, highest load at rupture, stress-strain diagram, load-shortening diagram etc. DIONSTAT allows additionally to generate templates according to any other standard by the user without buying an additionally software! For examples compression tests of wooden specimens according to EN 319, BS 373, DIN and other international standards as ASTM D143, 173, 897, 1037, 1759, 1761 etc. Software DIONSTAT available in Connection with Digital Controller Series EDC and Multi-Channel Control System Series PCS! walter+bai ag Testing Machines 163

164 J Digital Controllers and Software Application Software Packages DIONCRACK - Fracture Toughness Testing in accordance with ASTM E 1820, E 561, E 399 and E 813. This application package lets you perform elasticplastic fracture toughness tests on standard compact tension and bend test samples. The package includes pre-cracking capability. Single specimen method. DIONKIC - KIC and Plane Stress Fracture Toughness Testing in accordance with ASTM E This application package lets you perform plane strain and plane stress toughness tests on standard compact tension, disk compact tension, bend, and middle tension test samples. DIONR-CURVE - R-Curve Determination in accordance with ASTM E For the determination of resistance to fracturing of metallic materials by R-curves using either the centercracked tension panel M(T), the compact specimen C(T), or the crack-line-wedge-loaded specimen C(W), to deliver applied stress intensity factor, K, to the material. R-curve is a continuous record of toughness development in terms of KR plotted against crack extension in the materials as a crack is driven under a continuously increased stress intensity factor, K. DIONCREEP - Creep Testing in accordance with ASTM E 466. For data sampling of up to 8 creep testing machines of: Force, deformation, temperature (three zones) and time. The creep testing software and hardware package scans each test machine regularly to read thermocouples, extensometers and crack growth voltages if available; store them on a logarithmic time scale; check test start and termination activities. The test types available are stress rupture test, creep strain test and creep crack growth. 164 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

165 Digital Controllers and Software Application Software Packages DION K - Fatigue Crack Growth Testing in accordance with ASTM E 647. for measurement of fatigue crack growth rates to express results in terms of the crack-tip stressintensity factor range ( K), defined by the theory of linear elasticity. This application package covers the determination of steady-state fatigue crack growth rates from near-threshold to K max controlled instability using compact tension (CT) or 3 point bend (SENB3) specimens. J DIONHIGH - High Cycle Fatigue Testing in accordance with ASTM E466. enables to perform constant amplitude high-cycle fatigue tests on constant cross-section test specimens. DIONLOW - Low Cycle Fatigue Testing in accordance with ASTM E606. Enables to perform low-cycle fatigue tests on constant cross-section test specimens for the determination of fatigue properties of nominally homogeneous materials by the use of uniaxially loaded test specimens. DIONTMF -Thermo Mechanical Fatigue Testing in accordance with the European Code of Practice for Strain Controlled TMF Testing. For standard practice for strain, force or stresscontrolled thermo mechanical fatigue testing. This package covers the determination of TMF properties of materials under uniaxially loaded strain, force or stess-controlled conditions. No restrictions are placed on environmental factors such as pressure, humidity, environmental medium and others. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 165

166 J Digital Controllers and Software Application Software DIONTMF for Thermo Mechanical Fatigue Testing in accordance with the European Code of Practice of Strain Controlled Thermo Mechanical Fatigue Testing For standard practice of strain, force or stress-controlled thermo mechanical fatigue testing. This package covers the determination of TMF properties of materials under uniaxially loaded strain, force or stess-controlled conditions. A TMF cycle is here defined as a condition where uniform temperature and strain fields over the specimen gage section are simultaneously varied and independently controlled. This practice is intended to address TMF testing performed in support of such activities as materials research and development, mechanical design, process and quality control, product performance, and failure analysis. This practice allows for any maximum and minimum values of temperature and mechanical strain, and temperature-mechanical strain phasing, with the restriction being that such parameters remain cyclically constant throughout the duration of the test. No restrictions are placed on environmental factors such as pressure, humidity, environmental medium, and others, provided that they are controlled throughout the test, do not cause loss of or change in specimen dimensions in time, and are detailed in the data report. TMF requires to control several channels simultaneously, typically axial loading and thermal heating, and sometimes cooling or torsion loading. Further most TMF investigators want to control the mechanical strain exerted on the specimen, but they can only measure the total strain with an extensometer. Therefore the software subtract the thermal strain from the total strain to allow the investigator to control the mechanical strain. The digital controllers have the ability to close the control loop using a calculated feedback instead of a feedback from a physical transducer. Hysteresis 166 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

167 Digital Controllers and Software J Further typically used physical inputs for TMF Testing: Extensometer: Physical input (high temperature extensometers are typically calibrated in "length" units such as millimetres) Force: Physical input from the load cell. Temperature: Typically physical input (one or more thermocouples attached to specimen, but sometimes a calculation based on a combination of thermocouples) Specimen Gage Length: Typically a constant, but sometimes calculated as a function of temperature. Specimen Cross Sectional Area: Typically a constant, but sometimes calculated as a function of temperature and/or mechanical strain (using thermal expansion and constant volume approximations).total Strain: Typically calculated from the extensometer and the gage length. Stress: Typically calculated from force and cross sectional area. Thermal Strain: Typically calculated from temperature with a calculation determined experimentally at the beginning of any TMF test. This calculation is typically a polynomial with thermal strain given as a function of temperature. Mechanical Strain: Typically calculated as the difference between total strain and thermal strain. Per Cycle Data (ea. min. and max. stress) walter+bai ag Testing Machines 167

168 J Digital Controllers and Software A typical test sequence of TMF Test: 1. Insert specimen at ambient temperature. 2. Attach extensometer at ambient temperature. 3. Zero extensometer at normal ambient gage length. 4. Ramp temperature to mean test temperature maintaining zero force. 5. Determine hot gage length, and enter correct value into calculation constant. 6. Cycle temperature maintaining zero force. 7. Acquire temperature and total strain data. 8. Ramp temperature to mean test temperature maintaining zero force. 9. Determine coefficients for thermal strain equation and enter into calculation parameters (polynomial coefficients) 10. Cycle temperature and hold mechanical strain at zero. 11. Acquire temperature, force, total strain, mechanical strain, etc 12. Verify force is close to zero during each cycle. 13. Ramp temperature to mean test temperature maintaining zero force. 14. Cycle temperature and mechanical strain. 15. Acquire temperature, force, total strain, mechanical strain, etc 16. Monitor real time data plots during test. 17. Monitor force for failure indication. 18. After failure, ramp temperature command to the ambient temperature maintaining zero force. 19. Import data into protocol generator or some other application such as Microsoft Excel for plotting, reporting, and analysis. Logarithmic Data Saving 168 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

169 Digital Controllers and Software J Application Software DIONCREEP for Creep Testing Specially designed for data sampling, visualization and evaluation. For the control of up to 8 creep testing machines, either lever arm or electromechanical driven types. The creep testing software and hardware package scans each test machine regularly to read thermocouples, extensometers and crack growth voltages if available; store them on a logarithmic time scale; check test start and termination activities. The test types available are stress rupture test, creep strain test and creep crack growth. For each test the following information is recorded in the header file where appropriate: File name, specimen serial number, batch number, material specification, test start date, start time, heating time, soaking time, test elapsed time, specimen dimensions, cross sectional area, stress required, nominal test temperature, soak temperature limits and test temperature limits. Test Protocol walter+bai ag Specimen No.: WB001 Material: E-FB8 HT C Specimen ID: SF520 Test Conditions: HSC Working No. T Estimated Life: 10 khours Comment: Test Temperature: 995 C Temperature Tolerance: 4 C Minimum Soak Time: 2 hours Diameter: mm Ref. Length: mm Area: mm 2 Stress: 155 Mpa walter+bai ag Testing Machines 169

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171 Section K Accessories for Materials Testing walter+bai ag Testing Machines Industriestrasse 4, 8224 Löhningen, Switzerland, Tel. +41 (0) , Fax +41 (0) info@walterbai.com / Internet:

172 K Grips and Fixtures Accessories When it comes to grips and fixtures you can choose from a extensive range. All grips and fixtures are available in a variety of sizes and configurations to suits your application needs. The range includes not only mechanical but also pneumatic or motorized grips. Compression platens, bend or peel fixtures or different shear fixtures are also available to satisfy almost any testing requirement. Our internal machine shop provides great flexibility in tailoring all fixtures and grips to the specific material, temperature and condition being tested. 172 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

173 Accessories Extensometers To accurately determine and evaluate the strain length (extension, compressive deformation or flexure) mostly direct extension measurement on the specimen is required. By using an extensometer for direct extension measurement all additional deformation as load frame, load cell, grips or fixtures or strain in the nonparallel section of the specimen is excluded. The w+b Testing Machines can be equipped either with direct contact or noncontacting extensometers. To challenge the wide range of applications w+b offers a comprehensive line of extensometers: K walter+bai ag Testing Machines 173

174 K Simulation of Environmental Conditons Accessories The challenging applications such as testing materials used in aircraft turbines, rocket propulsion, hot outer skin structures, automotive industry as materials for exhaust systems, composites or ceramics requires thermalmechanical testing installations. Products including environmental chambers, temperature / humidity, vacuum furnace system, induction heating systems, high temperature furnaces, extensometers, grips and fixtures a.s.o. 174 walter+bai ag Testing Machines

175 Accessories Hydraulic Power Supply For the Hydraulic Testing Machines w+b offers different solutions for the hydraulic power supply depending on machine capacity, configuration and customers laboratory. Standard Solutions: 19 Standard Console for Lower Machine Capacities Dual 19 Standard Console for Higher Machine Capacities Free Standing Hydraulic Power Pack K 19 Standard or Dual 19 Standard Consoles: with integrated hydraulic power pack in the base of the console providing effective floor space utilization. This compact and easy to install Consoles with it s in the lower part integrated hydraulic power pack allows in the upper parts an ergonomically integration of all necessary peripheral equipment like personal computer, screen, keyboard, digital controller etc. The hydraulic power pack is equipped with internal gear pumps so that it operates on a low noise level. The tank is put on anti-vibration elements to avoid any vibrations on the console. As alternative the console can be placed on rollers and equipped with fast coupling if there is any universal use intended. Free Standing Hydraulic Power Packs Series PAC The PAC series includes models with flow ratings up to 52 l/ min. The PAC Standard Power Supplies are primarily used for Hydraulic Testing Machines with force ratings of 1500 kn or higher, increased testing speeds or if external power supplies are necessary because of available space in the laboratory. As working places 19 Racks or table version are available. walter+bai ag Testing Machines 175