Non-Beam Hazard - Electricity

Transcription

1 Non-Beam Hazard - Electricity 2013 DOE LSO Workshop - NIST Heath Garrison September 1, 2013 NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.

2 2 So what s the big deal about electricity? Capacitor Discharge

3 Electrical sources associated with lasers Live Power Input voltage source Power supply Flash lamps Cooling systems Fiber optic coaxial cable LASER Stored Power Capacitors 3

4 Laser Activities with exposure potential Laser Operator Changing flash lamp Working on water lines Optic adjustment inside cabinet Technicians Thyratron replacement Fuse replacement Troubleshooting and adjustments Measurements & operational specification verification 4

5 Pictures 5

6 More Pictures 6

7 7 Requirements, Standards and Guidance NFPA 70 National Electrical Code NFPA 70E Electrical Safety in the Workplace ANSI Z136.1 American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers DOE-HDBK DOE Electrical Safety Handbook 10CFR 851 Worker Safety and Health Program

8 8 Controlling and Recognizing the Hazards Qualified workers o Qualified Person One who has skills and knowledge related to the construction and operation of the electrical equipment and installations and has received safety training to recognize and avoid the hazards involved. (NFPA 70E 2012) Lockout Tagout Zero energy verification Protective grounding, path to ground o If stored electrical energy exists (e.g., capacitors), discharge or remove the stored energy and apply grounds to the normally energized conductors. (DOE-HDBK ) Electrical Personal Protective Equipment

9 9 Electrical Hazard Classification Classify according to waveform and source 60 Hz DC capacitors batteries RF 3 khz MHz subrf 1 Hz 3 khz inductors 1.x 2.x 3.x 4.x 5.x 6.x 7.x General Categories

10 General Features of Electrical Hazard Classification X.0 = no hazard, no controls, no training (blue) X.1 = minimum hazard, no injury, no controls, minimum training (green) X.2 = can injure or kill, controls, some PPE (yellow) X.3 = will injure or kill, controls, PPE (red) X.4 = very serious, many controls, avoid work (maroon) 10

11 11 Hazard Classes 3.x: Capacitors, 400 V hazards - electrocution, high current

12 12 Hazard Classes 3.x: Capacitors, > 400 V hazards - electrocution, high current, blast, magnetic force

13 Control Table 3.x Capacitors, 400 V 13

14 Control Table 3.x Capacitors, > 400 V 14

15 Process to Develop Work Controls Work 3c - Choose PPE and Tools 1 - Scope of Work Mode 0 Mode 1 Mode 2 Mode 3 Mode 4 EEWP Arc flash boundary (energy) 3b - Shock and Flash Analyses Zero distance prohibited approach boundary (Shock) restricted approach boundary (Shock) Limited approach boundary (Shock) 1.0 < 15 V V 1.2a 1.2b 1.2c 1.4 > 600 V Facility 1.x Facility V V 1.3a 1.3b 1.3c 1.3d 1.5 > 600 V Utility 2 - Analyze Hazards Choose the source(s) of energy R&D 2.x 3.x Generic Capacitor Human < 100 V AC DC ESD c 3.1a 3.2a < 50 V V < 15 V V ESD 3.3a 3.4a 2.1b 2.2b 2.1c 2.2c a 2.1b 2.2b > 250 V 2.2a V > 400 V V > 250 V 2.1d 2.2d 3.1b 3.3b 3.1d 3.2b c 2.2c 2.1d 2.2d 3.3c 3.4b 3.3d 3.3e c 3.4d DC Facility 3 - Develop Controls 4.x Batteries x RF 3 khz MHz 3 khz khz khz 100 MHz 5.1a 5.2a 5.1b 5.2b 3a - Choose Controls 3a 1 3a 2 3a 3 3a 4 Class Mode Qualified Worker(s) Training Work Control PPE 2.0 ALL Alone None None None 2.1ALL ALL Alone Non-Energized None None 2.2a 0 Alone Non-Energized None None and LOTO 1 Alone Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis 2 Two person Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis 3 Two person Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis 4 2 Safety Watch Energized IWD, EEWP Shock Hazard Analysis 2.2b 0 Alone Non-Energized None None and LOTO 1 Alone Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis 2 Two person Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis 3 Two person Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis 4 2 Safety Watch Energized IWD, EEWP Shock Hazard Analysis 2.2c 0 Alone Non-Energized None None and LOTO 1 Alone Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis 2 Two person Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis 3 Two person Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis 4 2 Safety Watch Energized IWD, EEWP Shock Hazard Analysis 2.2d 0 Alone Non-Energized None None and LOTO 1 Alone Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis 2 Two person Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis 3 Two person Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis 4 2 Safety Watch Energized IWD, EEWP Shock Hazard Analysis Alone Non-Energized None None and LOTO 1 Two person Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis 2 3 Safety Watch Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis 3 Safety Watch Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis 4 2 Safety Watch Energized IWD, EEWP Shock Hazard Analysis Alone Non-Energized None None and LOTO 1 Safety Watch Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis and Flash Hazard Analysis 2 2 Safety Watch Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis and Flash Hazard Analysis 3 Safety Watch Energized IWD Shock Hazard Analysis and Flash Hazard Analysis 4 2 Safety Watch Energized IWD, EEWP Shock Hazard Analysis and Flash Hazard Analysis 15

16 16 Any Questions? Please maintain a questioning attitude and look at all of the potential hazards while preparing for a job. If you are not qualified, STOP and ask for help.