November 2001 NEW DEVELOPMENTS FOR TILTING TRAINS. Alessandro ELIA Tilting Systems Director

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1 November 2001 NEW DEVELOMENS FOR LNG RANS Alessandro ELA ilting Systems Director

2 New Developments for tilting trains A view of the prototype 3 kv EM train ER401 V610 DM for DB Railways Goal of endolino project: to improve service speed on regional lines, with quite poor track quality, mantaining full safety and a comfort level compatible with then-offered one Activity started in taly around 1966, up to mid '70, he first tilting unit (Y0160) was build and tested in early '70, he first EM in service, the ER401 was delivered in he series production of ER450, entered in service in he V610 was delivered on early '90s SLDE 1 - he approach, the prototype, first application in taly and Germany

3 New Developments for tilting trains Hydraulic tilting actuators Body bolster ilting rods Bogie bolster Active Lateral Suspension Electro-Hydraulic endolino ilting mechanism endulum mechanism neumatic Active tilting bogie and bogie frame and hydraulic actuator Lateral Suspension he new bogie has been developed starting by 1991 and the ER460 train is in service from Bogie architecture basically unchanged in respect of Etr450/V610: New features: : tilting system totally underfloor body bolster simplified connection redesigned axlebox guide simplified bogie frame concept mproved raction concept and car body design: DC/AC traction power systems, designed for bi-current and three-current solutions. wider modular carbody, in large extrusions profiles pressure tightness, in two different options (pressure-sealed, pressurised) SLDE 2 - he Electro-Hydraulic endolino

4 . New Developments for tilting trains ELECROMECHANCAL SYSEM - BLOCK SCHEME SENSOR BOX SE ÿ ω Z ZNR θ 1, θ 2, θ i, DR θ i θ i WNR θ i θ i DR θ i DR ÿ ω z measured angle angular rate current motor lateral acceleration vertical axle gyro Z SA CARBODY SA Y ω z X ilt command scheme he reference signal is measured through the acceleration of a non-tilting part of the vehicle (bogie frame). he gyroscope measures the roll angular velocity of the bogie frame. System starts to tilt following through the gyroscope the transition's geometry. After a short time, the accelerometer signal is added. On the cars following, the reference signal is basically the acceleration SLDE 3 - he ilting command concept.

5 New Developments for tilting trains antograph Hydraulic tilting actuators Body bolster Support levers and equalizer ilting rods Bogie bolster Active Lateral Suspension antograph frame Bodyshell cublicles Articulated joint Bogie bolster ilting mechanism endulum mechanism ilting mechanism and neumatic Active and bogie frame and hydraulic actuator hydraulic actuation system Lateral Suspension he new bogie has been developed starting by 1991 and the ER460 train is in service from Bogie architecture basically unchanged in respect of Etr450/V610: New features: : tilting system totally underfloor body bolster simplified connection redesigned axlebox guide simplified bogie frame concept mproved raction concept and car body design: DC/AC traction power systems, designed for bi-current and three-current solutions. wider modular carbody, in large extrusions profiles pressure tightness, in two different options (pressure-sealed, pressurised) SLDE 4 - he Electro-Hydraulic ilting Bogie

6 New developments for tilting trains. Roller mechanism and Electro-mechanical Electro-mechanical Active Lateral Suspension electro-mechanic actuator bogie assembly tilting actuator in electro-mechanical tilting bogie ilting mechanism: Roller link between the tilting bolster and the bogie frame. Electromechanical ilting Actuator: planetary roller spindle + brushless motor driven by Electric ower nit.. Secondary suspension = single air-spring + two roll-bars. Longitudinal traction link drives anti-yaw dampers. No Active Lateral Suspension is required by swept envelope. Active Lateral Suspension where very high levels of comfort are required antograph is controlled vs. catenary by an active electromechanical servo-system ( brushless motor + sliding frame) SLDE 5 - he Electro-Mechanic ilting Bogie

7 New developments for tilting trains 8 Act ilting centre w' Centre of gravity w Kinematics of tilting and self-centring effect ilting systems is intrinsically self-centring in case of fault. During the tilting phase, centre of gravity is kept approximately at the same position. During the tilt rotation the reaction centre position guarantees the stability No reaction is transmitted to bogie; therefore, effects to wheel/rail are negligible. SLDE 6- Self-centring effect.

8 N O N O O N O N New developments for tilting trains ELECRCAL SLY HYDRALC EQMEN ELECROMECHANCAL SYSEM - BLOCK SCHEME HEAD VEHCLE NERMEDAE VEHCLE NERMEDAE VEHCLE HEAD VEHCLE SWCH ON/OFF SGNAL HYDRALC OWER GENERAON CONROL SGNAL Oil level emperature Oil pressure SENSOR BOX SE ÿ ω Z ZNR θ 1, θ 2, θ i, DR θ i θ i WNR MASER N Serial line 2 Serial line 1 SLAVE N SLAVE N Serial line 2 Serial line 1 MASER N REFERENCE SGNAL ERROR SGNAL FEEDBACK SGNAL ELECRONC CONROL N HYDRALC OWER HYDRALC JACK DELVERY OSONNG SERVOVALVE HYDRALC KNEMAC JACKS MOON CARBODY LNG ÿ ω z measured angle angular rate current motor lateral acceleration vertical axle gyro θ i Z θ i θ i DR DR SA SA CARBODY ANGLE RANSDCER Y ω z X rain control system Hydraulic tilting functional scheme Electro-mechanical tilting functional scheme SLDE 7 - ilting control system

9 New developments for tilting trains SLDE 8 - endolino in the world

10 New developments for tilting trains SLDE 9 - Developments - High Cant deficiency bogies, with EM actuators and tilting rods

11 New developments for tilting trains SLDE 10 - Developments - LRONX concept

12 New developments for tilting trains SLDE 11 - Developments Semi active lateral Suspension

13 New developments for tilting trains DAMNG COEFFCEN [ Ns / m ] ACVE ACVE Hydraulic Hydraulic FREQENCY [ Hz ] SLDE 12 - Developments Active Dampers

14 New developments for tilting trains