A Distribution Network Operator s View of Connecting Microgeneration For RegenSW - South Devon College 07 September 2011

Transcription

1 A Distribution Network Operator s View of Connecting Microgeneration For RegenSW - South Devon College 07 September 2011 Simon Roberts and Dan Wells

2 Introduction (1) Scottish and Southern Energy: Company Overview The way we distribute electricity: 400kV to 230V Other activities: The Low Carbon Challenge DNO - Compliance with Legislation Some Interesting Numbers Our Stakeholders Supplier is King Then it s Dan s turn

3 Introduction (2) The Application Process G83 Stage 1; G83 Stage 2 and G59 Electrical issues Other Considerations Connection Agreements and Export MPANs How much does it cost? The SEPD Team and Contact Details Where to get more information Questions, Answers, and your Feedback Paper Copies of the Slides

4 Scottish and Southern Energy plc Our business and some of the things we do with energy: Energy Trading Energy Generation Energy Storage Energy Supply Energy Services Energy Transmission Energy Distribution

5 Southern Electric Power Distribution (SEPD): What we do: Our first priority is to provide a safe and reliable supply of electricity to our domestic, commercial and industrial customers. It is our responsibility to maintain, repair and improve our electricity network - keeping the lights on We are required to investigate any complaints associated with quality of supply and to rectify deficiencies including, as a last resort, the disconnection of nuisance loads and generation.

6 Southern Electric Power Distribution (SEPD) Where we do it:

7 Generation In the old days, it all came from installations like this:

8 Electricity Transmission and Distribution How we do it: NGT / SEPD Substation at Mannington, Dorset 400kV - 132kV

9 Distribution (1) How we do it: Wareham Substation 132kV - 33kV

10 Distribution (2) How we do it: Winterborne Kingston Primary Substation 33kV - 11kV

11 Distribution (3) How we do it: Winterborne Whitechurch No.2 Pole Mounted Substation (200kVA) 11kV - 3 wire HV 3 phase LV 230 / 400v Note: the three LV fuse handles on the tallest pole

12 Distribution (4) How we do it: A 3-wire HV main line with 2 phases connected to the primary winding of a 25kVA transformer. The LV is connected as 3-wire (2 phases and a neutral) 230/460V: note the 2 LV fuse handles on the pole.

13 Distribution (5) How we do it: LV mains overhead line Aerial Bundled Conductor (ABC)

14 Distribution end of the line How we do it: Single Phase Cutout 230 volts single phase Fused at 100 amps Which phase: Red or Yellow or Blue? Brown or Black or Grey?

15 Distribution the end of the line? Not quite How we do it: Because then there s Distributed Generation 2.3kW of PV on the roof

16 Low Carbon Challenge for DNOs the big ticket items Smart grids with supply side management Active network management Getting ready for electric vehicles Connection of distributed generation at all voltage levels

17 DNO Compliance with Legislation Licence D Code ESQCR Licence: Duties, Responsibilities, Performance, Finance Distribution Code: Engineering Specifications ESQCR: Safety and Quality Standards

18 Our Stakeholders End user Customers DG Installers and Manufacturers Builders and Developers Housing Associations Local Authorities Schools and Colleges Electricity Suppliers Metering Businesses Independent Connection Providers Independent DNOs Industry Regulator Ofgem

19 The Principle of the Supplier Hub Simplified version: Customer Data Aggregator Data Collector Supplier Hub Meter Operator Transmission System Operator Distributor

20 Connection Application Process (1) We can connect all your DG, but there may be a cost and it can take time The performance standards for processing DG connection applications are: 65 working days for HV and EHV connections 45 working days for LV connections Two formal documents published by the Energy Networks Association and approved by OFGEM G83/1-1 (Stage I and Stage2) (June 2008) G59/2-1 (April 2011)

21 G83 (Stage 1, < 16 amps/phase) Install and Notify For: micro CHP; micro PV; micro FC; micro WIND and micro HYDRO This translates (230V x 16A) into 3.68kW We round this to 3.7kW) Installers have 30 days from commissioning to inform DNOs of these single installations on the relevant notification form. Charges: Nil charge

22 G83 (Stage 2 - Multiple Installations) G83 Multiple Installations (<16 amps per phase, 3.7kW): Customer or their Installer must apply for connection before starting work. SEPD application form available on our website ( Charges: NIL charge for up to 6 installations of <4kW (i.e. part G59) each at the same full postcode location providing the installations are balanced across all 3 electricity phases and NIL physical reinforcement works required, otherwise individual charges will apply.

23 G59/2-1 Generation G59 is an industry standard for generators greater than 16A per phase Up to 50kW there is a provision for type tested equipment similar to G83; however G59 connection applications must be submitted for system studies and associated network reinforcement where necessary prior to connection. Charges: Individual charges will apply and will depend on the work carried out to complete network studies and reinforcement. We may wish to witness the commissioning of DG > 30kW for which we charge a fee.

24 Help us to help you: Take care to fill in the correct application form Send notifications and applications by and include, where possible: Google satellite views of the location / roof / field Photographs of the building, HV and LV overhead lines, pole mounted transformer and LV fuses, transformer name plate, cutout and meter position.

25 Application information really nice to have (1) Place cursor on property; right click; select what s here to create green arrow; Ctrl-Alt-Print Screen; paste into or attachment.

26 Application information really nice to have (2) Place cursor on property; right click; select what s here to create yellow arrow; Ctrl-Alt-Print Screen; paste into or attachment.

27 Application information really nice to have (3)

28 Application information really nice to have (4) Single Phase Domestic Three Phase Industrial

29 Electrical Issues (1) G83 Protection: not sufficient to prevent overvoltages, but does protect generation: Over volts: 264 volts, disconnect in 1.5 seconds Under volts: 207 volts, disconnect in 1.5 seconds Over frequency: 50.5 Hz, disconnect in 0.5 seconds Under frequency: 47 Hz, disconnect in 0.5 seconds Loss of mains: disconnect in 0.5 seconds G59 protection: two stage approach - see handout for the values

30 Electrical Issues (2) SSEGs nuisance tripping (overvolts): export tends to increase voltage profile on LV network, especially under low load conditions. SSEGs nuisance tripping (undervolts): due to transient disturbances on the HV system. Short Circuit Levels: especially from electro-magnetic induction generation - can add significant contribution to fault level Reverse power flow: need for care not to exceed thermal rating of DNO equipment Voltage unbalance: need to balance generation across all phases, in the same way as load. HV voltage control: serious impact from significant SSEG connections on the LV network

31 More on Voltage Rise Existing DNO networks were designed with tapered cross-section cable systems which are not suited to the connection of distributed generation The LV network was designed for a thermal rating and voltage drop for a domestic load of 2kVA ADMD, with NIL export Secondary substations (11kV 230/400 V) are tapped to the highest possible no-load voltage output of 253 volts. Can only be adjusted off-load.

32 Other Considerations: Planning consents particularly for overhead lines Land rights wayleaves, easements, and statutory rights Clustering overloading one location

33 Topics not covered today: Different types of loss of mains (LoM) protection Neutral Voltage Displacement (NVD), Over Current, Earth Fault and Reverse Power protection Islanding System Security and Stability Earthing HV Generating Plant DC Injection; Harmonics; Voltage flicker, etc

34 Generation Connection Agreements (1) Less than 30kW Installation Standard Connection Agreement, forms part of the customer s retail contract with their Energy Supplier. No action required by the Customer, Installer or DNO. Customer has the option of deemed or metered export. If export is to be metered, then an export MPAN will be required. MPANs can be obtained via the Energy Supplier (D0168 dataflow request to the DNO) or direct from the DNO. Energy Suppliers are responsible for arranging the installation of the meter and subsequent readings.

35 Generation Connection Agreements (2) More than 30kW installation An Embedded Generation Connection Agreement is required. This is a significant legal document which includes information on both import and export restrictions. This Agreement requires to be signed by the Generator Owner and DNO prior to issue of an export MPAN. The MPAN can be obtained from the Energy Supplier or direct from the DNO.

36 Generation Connection Agreements (3) Parallel Running Agreement: Required by Generators using Standby Sets for own use. Occasionally run in parallel with DNO network for short periods (e.g. 5 minutes each month) for synchronising supplies only. Very important for DNOs to know the generation technical details for fault level security.

37 How to contact the SEPD team: For MPANs starting with 20.. <50kW: Tel: >50kW: Tel:

38 MPANs - for all DNOs (first 2 numbers): Central Networks (East Midlands) UKPN (London) 13 Scottish Power (Manweb) 14 Central Networks (West Midlands) 15 CE Electric (NEDL) 16 Electricity North West 17 Scottish Hydro Electric Power Distribution 18 Scottish Power (South of Scotland) 19 UKPN (Seeboard) 20 Southern Electric Power Distribution 21 WPD (South Wales) 22 WPD (South West England) 23 CE Electric (YEDL) XX... Independent Distribution Network Operators

39 Must get: FREE GUIDES From the Energy Networks Association: Distributed Generation Connection Guides G83/1-1 Stage1 (SSEG single installations) G83/1-1 Stage 2 (SSEG multiple installations) G59/2 (all other generation) Available to download on-line at:

40 Must get: Engineering Recommendations From the Energy Networks Association: Distributed Generation Engineering Recommendations: G83/1-1 (SSEG installations) G59/2 (all other generation installations) Available to order on-line at: Cost: just under 100 each (and worth every penny)

41 A DNO s view of connecting Microgeneration Questions Answers Feedback