Reliance Bio-Fuels Strategy. Dr. Ajit Sapre Reliance Technology Group

Transcription

1 Reliance Bio-Fuels Strategy Dr. Ajit Sapre Reliance Technology Group 15 th February, 2015

2 2 Biofuel drivers for RIL Energy security (India imports 75% crude oil) Reduce forex outgo Rural upliftment Maximum value generation from Indian land mass No food versus fuel competition Climate change mitigation Bio-fuels key to sustainably meet hydrocarbon demand & improve farmers livelihood

3 Energy demand 3 Sustainable development challenge More, Secure and Responsible technology needed for India Industrialization and personal mobility take off India China Urbanization Non-OECD (83% world population) Services dominate growth and basic households energy needs are met 3,000 10,000 15,000 25,000 GDP/Capita in constant PPP terms OECD (17% world population) Traditional Unsustainable Sustainable Economic growth requires little additional energy Leapfrogging Efficient Renewable Technology Development & Deployment (Solar, Wind, Biomass) Demand for materials & energy is growing rapidly as developing countries like India enter their most energy-intensive phase of economic development

4 Future of liquid hydrocarbons? 4 Food Heat Light Clothes House Sustainability & energy security two sides of the same coin

5 RIL: A significant commitment to renewables R&D, major focus on advanced biotechnology 5 Two hundred scientists and engineers working in India, trained in the best institutions globally International collaborations with top notch institutions, leveraging talent of additional two hundred and fifty scientists and engineers No food vs. fuel competition Surplus agri-residue (>100 MM MTpa biomass resulting in >25 MM MTpa biofuel) Jatropha (develop high yield varieties in low rainfall marginal land areas) Algae (use sea-water and desert land at coastline) Adopt PM s triple S mantra: Skill, Scale and Speed for these challenging problems Algae oil Agri-residue to kerosene Jatropha to bio-diesel Algae to bio-crude RIL committed to largest cutting-edge R&D program by any private enterprise to help India leap-frog

6 Thermochemical route is economically attractive 6 Syngas or Catalytic Pyrolysis In the Indian context thermochemical routes may be more attractive than cellulosic fermentation due to types of non feed/ fodder bio-mass availability Business model innovation: distributed production and consumption at village level Thermochemical route can improve overall carbon utilization efficiency to end products

7 Agri-residue conversion to modern energy 7 Feed Stock Technology De-Construction Upgrading Product Biomass to Power 1 KG = 1.7 KW = 1465 KCAL Combined Cycle Biomass Power generation Power Agri-residues Non-fodder/ foodstalks, trash and bagasse Biomass to Ethanol 1 KG = 252 GRAM = 1780 KCAL Enzymatic Hydrolysis Fermentation Ethanol Biomass to HC Fuel 1 KG = 280 GRAM = 2960 KCAL Catalytic Pyrolysis Hydrotreatment Gasoline/Diesel/ Kerosene Converting biomass to fungible hydrocarbons like kerosene is more efficient technology

8 Agri-residue conversion to hydrocarbons more valuable than burning 8 Burning is a cheap and quick way to clear field but leads to loss of nutrients and pollution Images from The Guardian NASA image showing fire hot-spots (red dots) Pollution in Delhi Source: NASA, Hindustan Times Nov 7, 2013 Excess agri-residues can be converted to kerosene at village level

9 9 Bio-feedstock aggregation/ supply opportunity Farm Harvesting Seasonal Short window Distributed Bulky Collection Moisture, Grits, Foreign Matter, Timing Preparation Loss, Capacity Utilisation, Synchronize Farm & Farmer Coordination Manual Labor Aggregation Transport Weeding Accounting Sizing Drying Stocking Planning Transporting Biomass surplus >100 million tons per annum Bio-fuels potential >25 million tons per annum Collection and processing of biomass is estimated to create additional income stream of at least Rs. 20,000 crore per year for the rural economy Innovative business models for supply chain, logistics and cost competitiveness

10 Hybridization using world-wide Jatropha germplasm and tissue culture to improve yields and robustness 10 Jatropha crop improvement RIL Jatropha Germplasm collection Classical Hybrids 151 lines collected from 17 states P1 Jatropha curcas Green flower 195 lines collected from 11 countries P2 Jatropha integerrima Pink flower Hybrids Development Goals Virus tolerance Year round flowering Good Branching pattern Variability Suitability to different Agro climatic Zones Random hybrids Primary objective is to Develop high yielding pest and disease tolerant hybrid for rain fed conditions Tissue Culture Hybrids Individual collection lines Mutagenesis Top Selected elites X F1 cream flower Both Rain-fed & Support Irrigation Phase - I Phase - II Developing robust and reproducible Tissue Culture protocols for the rapid multiplication of parental lines Developing Single Sequence Repeat and other markers to facilitate the Screening efficiencies Metabolic engineering for lipid expression and photosynthetic efficiency Heat and salt tolerance constructs

11 YIELD KG/HA 11 Oil yield improvement in Jatropha Improve breeding advanced biotechnology, up to 8 Mt/ha/yr Wild type yield up to 300 kg/ha/yr Composites and hybrids up to 4 MT/ha/yr YEAR Advanced breeding and bio-tech integration can markedly increase Jatropa seeds & oil yield

12 12 Jatropha commercial cultivation scale-up Jatropha hybrids developed at RIL and other global hybrid developers are being evaluated in RIL farms Yield levels in excess of 4 tons per hectare achieved at hectare scale with support irrigation. Top hybrid yields of 7 tons per hectare achieved on R&D farms Jatropha could be scaled up to few lakh hectares in the near future Multi level testing and demonstrations planned before going for large scale adoption by the growers Intercrop Jatropha could improve farmers income and provide price stability Data collection & Analysis Field survey Cultivation scale-up stages Selection of clusters Selection of villages Selection of farmers 1. Hybrid Development 2. Multi Location Trials 3. Field Demonstrations 4. Commercial Planting Cluster dynamics Jatropha Seeds procurement from farmers Minimum cultivation cluster: 100,000 ha in 100 km radius around the bio-diesel plant 400,000 MT seeds, 30% oil content Seed Crushing and Oil Extraction Plant Oil Refining Plant Jatropha hybrids grown by farmers in large scale on their farms and seeds supplied for biodiesel production 5. Seed proc. & Biodiesel Prodn. Biodiesel Plant Seed cake to Power plant 110,000 TPA biodiesel Renewable Power 245,000 MWH/ yr RIL Biodiesel Demo Plant 7,000 TPA Jatropha crop will provide income to farmers and create renewable biodiesel industry

13 Transitioning to low areal productivity resources 13 Corn ,000 Jatropha Requirement: Large area to support current demand Fragmented energy distribution infrastructure Algae farm Pumpjack 140,000 Algae are efficient convertor of sunlight to hydrocarbons

14 Enabling Technologies Enabling bio-technology platforms drive continuous improvement 14 Gene Discovery Transformation Gene Optimization Trait Development Trait Integration Pond/Field testing Lipid Biotic stress Abiotic Stress Yield Protein Production Greenhouse/ pond Automation Metabolomics Automated Screening Systems Biology Transformation Automation Genomics Protein Science Protein Optimization Advanced bio-technology tools can improve algae yield, robustness, stress tolerance and other desirable traits

15 Different algae to hydrocarbons options being evaluated at RIL R&D 15 Cultivation / growth in ponds or photo-bioreactors Improved understanding of fundamentals of photosynthesis is allowing unique breakthrough technology development Testing of alternate overall integrated production platforms in RIL R&D facilities will allow meeting commercial targets for capex & opex

16 Percent of peak production Percent of peak production RIL vision: competitive renewable liquid hydrocarbons in India 16 To pool expertise in modern biotechnology and RIL s expertise in value engineering, project execution, operations and technology, to create an enterprise to develop competitive renewable technology and deploy it on a mega scale 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Typical crude oilfield production Inevitable production decline Conventional oilfield life Years 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 1 Algae oilfield production Steady production ad infinitum Algae oilfield life Years Conventional petroleum oilfields eventually decline Algae oilfields production increases through its life Sustainable Bio-crude from algae cultivation could be an attractive alternative to fossil fuels

17 India is a diversified nation 17 Industry needs to deliver affordable excellence

18 Government of India efforts to accelerate development 18 Make In India Digital India Digital India GDP Growth Rate = 8.5 % + Create 150 Million New Jobs by 2018 Defect Free Clean Technology Zero Defect, Zero Effect GDP Distribution Industry 25.8% Services 56.9% Agriculture 17.4% Swachh Bharat 2014 GDP : US $ 2 Trillion Skill development / capability building is an integral part of the Govt. of India Nation Development Plan 2025 GDP : US $ 4.5 Trillion Technical community & business have a historic opportunity to leapfrog India Government support could accelerate developing cutting-edge renewable technology

19 19 Innovation = Creativity X Execution Fossil Raw material Flexibility Renewable Collective Mandate: Science for Solution, Technology for Transformation, & Innovation for Impact Government policy, support & drive for Invent in India Labor Talent Indianization OPEX Efficiency Inclusive Innovations to meet needs of Aspiring Resource Poor Indians Unique RIL Capital Project Execution CAPEX Efficiency I Would Prize Every Invention of Science Made for the Benefit of All Mahatma Gandhi

20 Back ups 20

21 21 Sensitivity with Crude Price crude price volatility