On February 13, 2018 the Lubricants Standards Group (LSG) reviewed the BOI/VGRA Task Force Proposal #1 Sequence VH BOI Read Table Proposal.

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1 To: Cc: API Lubricants Group Lubricants Group Mailing List API Ballot for Proposal #1 Sequence VH BOI Read Table Proposal On February 13, 2018 the Lubricants Standards Group (LSG) reviewed the BOI/VGRA Task Force Proposal #1 Sequence VH BOI Read Table Proposal. Incorporate following text and table in Annex E E x For Sequence VH tests required for interchanging the base stock, the specific requirements are given in Table E-y. Table E-y Sequence VH Tests for Interchanging the Base Stock Base Stock in Original Test Oil Interchange Base Stock Group I Group II Group III Group IV Group V, and both Original and Candidate Base Oil Saturates (1) 83% and Sulfur 0.13% Group I C Original, when Original Base Oil Saturates (1) < 83% or Sulfur > 0.13% and Candidate Oil Saturates Original and Candidate Oil Sulfur Original Group II Group III Group IV 100 C Original, and Candidate Base Oil Saturates (1) 83% and Sulfur 0.13% 100 C Original, and Candidate Base Oil Saturates (1) 83% and Sulfur 0.13% < 50% % < 50% % Not provided the interchange Group IV meets the original manufacturer's specifications in all physical and chemical properties Group V Page 1 of 2

2 BOI/VGRA Proposal 1 Sequence VH BOI Read Table is given in Attachment 1, page 2. The Motion to Ballot BOI/VGRA Proposal 1 Sequence VH BOI Read Table Proposal is given on Attachment 1, Page 3. Background Information can be found Attachment 1, pages After review and discussion, the LSG agreed by voice vote to Ballot for Proposal #1 Sequence VH BOI Read Table Proposal. Motion Ballot Sequence VH BOI Read Table Proposal (p2) Motion Mike Alessi Second Brent Calcut For: 15 Against: 0 Abstain: 1 Motion Passed Lubricants Group Members should use the API Ballot System to cast their vote and make comments. The Ballot Link is: The Lubricants Group Member votes will be counted, and all received comments reviewed and considered before the ballot results are final. Non-Lubricants Group Members should comment on the Ballot Motion using the Ballot system. The Ballot Link is: All comments on the Ballot Motion will be reviewed before the ballot results are final. This Ballot will close on April 8, All Votes and/or Comments must be received by that date. If approved the balloted change will be effective as of February 13, 2019 Page 2 of 2

3 Attachment 1

4 BOI/VGRA Task Force Proposal 1 Sequence VH BOI San Antonio R. C. Dougherty February 13,

5 Sequence VH BOI Read Table Proposal E x For Sequence VH tests required for interchanging the base stock, the specific requirements are given in Table E-y. Base Stock in Original Test Oil Table E-y Sequence VH Tests for Interchanging the Base Stock Interchange Base Stock Group I Group II Group III Group IV Group V 100 C Original, and both Original and Candidate Base Oil Saturates (1) 83% and Sulfur 0.13% Group I Group II Group III Group IV C Original, when Original Base Oil Saturates (1) < 83% or Sulfur > 0.13% and Candidate Oil Saturates Original and Candidate Oil Sulfur Original, and Candidate Base Oil Saturates (1) 83% and Sulfur 0.13%, and Candidate Base Oil Saturates (1) 83% and Sulfur 0.13% < 50% % < 50% % Not provided the interchange Group IV meets the original manufacturer's specifications in all physical and chemical properties Group V 2

6 Motion on Proposal Ballot Sequence VH BOI Read Table Proposal (p2) Motion Mike Alessi Second Brent Calcut For: 15 Against: 0 Abstain: 1 3

7 Rationale and Data Overview Initial BOI/VGRA Testing Matrix Three base stock slates considered (Grp I H; Grp II K; Grp III D) Two hydroprocessed slates very high saturates levels (> 99.8% by D7419) Grp I base oils > 83% saturates (by D2007) and < 1300 ppm sulfur Statistical analysis indicated no impact of base stock slate or saturates level ExxonMobil Hydroprocessed Base Stock Saturates Evaluation Two additional tests conducted hinging off BOI/VGRA matrix oils Additional base oils (Grp II base stocks) had 95% sats by D7419; 92-93% by D2007 Statistical and visual analysis showed no impact of saturates Afton Grp I / Grp II-III Data Submission Two test comparison Base oil with Grp I stocks Base oil with Grp II/III stocks Group I base oil outside BOI/VGRA tested range (74.9% sats by D2007, 2330 ppm sulfur) Rough equivalency when all parameters considered ExxonMobil Group IV Base Stock Interchange Evaluation Four tests with two additive technologies (ACEA A3/B4-16; GF-6 prototype) ACEA A3/B4: Full Group II; Group II with 50% Group IV in formulation GF-6 prototype: Full Group III; Group III with 50% Group IV in formulation Statistical analysis indicates no impact of substitution but visualization of data pairs suggests potential performance debit for incorporation of Group IV 4

8 Visualization of Group I Group I BOI BOV of candidate oil must be equal to or greater than that of the original tested oil Original Tested Oil Candidate Oil Sulfur, ppm 1-Way Read to equivalent or lower saturates and sulfur Sulfur, ppm 1300 Case 2 Case 1 1-Way Read Grp II, III 2-Way Read 300 Grp II, III Saturates, % (D2007) Saturates, % (D2007) 5

9 BOI/VGRA Task Force Proposal #1 Sequence VH BOI Additional Information 6

10 BOI/VGRA Matrix Overview 6 stands; 4 laboratories 3 base stock slates (Grp I, Grp II, Grp III); 3 additive technologies Every stand referenced in TMC 1011 Precision matrix hinge oil Spanned 0W-16 through 20W-50 Testing Matrix Oil Lab Stand Tech (1) API Grp Slate Rel. VM (Calc) VI (D2007) (D7419) Grade 1 D III D W 16 1 E III D W 16 1 G III D W 16 1 G III D W 16 1 A III D W 16 1 A III D W 16 2 G II K W 30 3 D II K W/5W 16 4 A I H W 30 5 E III D W 30 6 A I H W 30 7 A III D W 30 8 E III D W 20 9 G II K W G II K W A I H W G III D W A II K W G I H W D I H W A II K W E II K W D I H W G II K W 40 7

11 Statisticians Review of Original Data Set June 22, 2018 MODEL 1 MODEL 2 8

12 ExxonMobil Sponsored Testing of Hydroprocessed Base Oils Tests conducted in Lab A, Stand 2 Oil BOI/VGRA Oil 13 Test Oil A BOI/VGRA Oil 16 Test Oil B Additive Technology Grp II Slate K LN Grp II Slate K MN Grp II LN Grp II HN 33 5 BOV 100, cst Saturates (D7419), % > > Saturates (D2007), % Sequence VH Severity Adjusted Results AES AEV APV RCS Reviewed by BOI/VGRA Task Force Dec.,

13 ExxonMobil Data: Tech 1009 Overview Group II / III Only Average Engine Sludge Average Engine Varnish σ (Overall) = σ (Overall) = AES AEV RCS Low 1Sats 1.5 High Sats Rocker Cover Sludge Low1 Sats 1.5 High Sats AEV Low1Sats 1.5 High Sats Average Piston Varnish σ (Overall) = Low1 Sats 1.5 High Sats Severity adjusted data 10

14 ExxonMobil Data: Tech 1011 Overview Group II / III Only Average Engine Sludge Average Engine Varnish σ (Overall) = σ (Overall) = 0.25 AES Reference Oil BOI/VGRA 1 Low Sats 1 2 High Sats 2 3 AEV Reference Oil BOI/VGRA 1 Low1Sats 2 High Sats 2 3 Rocker Cover Sludge Average Piston Varnish σ(overall) = 0.53 RCS Reference Oil BOI/VGRA 1 Low1Sats 2 High Sats 2 3 AEV Reference Oil BOI/VGRA 1 Low1Sats 2 High Sats 2 3 Non REO data severity adjusted 11

15 ExxonMobil Statistical Review Regression analyses of Seq. VH BOI/VGRA Matrix data with 2 new observations were performed using the model similar to Seq VH BOIVGRA Matrix Analysis provided by industry statisticians group Regressed AEL, AEV, APV and Ln(RCS) on: Technology BOV 100 (Calculated) Relative VM BO Saturates (D7419) or BO Saturates (Categorical High/Low) Considered three data sets: All base stock slates (Grp I, II, III) Group II slates only Group II and Group III slates only (without reference oil) Saturates is not statistically significant in each model Saturates p Value AES AEV APV Log(10 RCS) All slates considered Group II slates only Group II/III slates only

16 Data in Support of Group I to II and III Without Sats & S Limitations Oil Code A B Vis Grade 5W 30 5W 30 Additive D D VM X 0.86X Base Oil Grp I Grp II/III BOV, cst BO Saturates D BO Sulfur, % < Sequence VH Limits May 2017 Oct 2017 Ave Engine Sludge, merits 7.6 min Rocker Cover Sludge, merits 7.7 min Ave EngineVarnish, Merit 8.6 min Ave Piston Skirt Varnish, merits 7.6 min Oil Screen Sludge, % area Rate and report 2 5 Oil Screen Debris, % area Rate and report 18 0 Number of Hot Stuck Rings None 0 0 Cold Stuck Rings Rate and report 0 0 Oil Ring Clogging, % area Rate and report 0 0 Reviewed by BOI/VGRA Task Force Dec., 2018 AftonChemical.com 2018 Afton Chemical Corporation, All Rights Reserved 12

17 Additional EM Data Experimental Design to Evaluate Group IV Interchange Oil 22 Oil 23 Oil 24 Oil 25 Base Oil Composition, % Grp II LN Grp II MN 4 24 Grp III LN Grp IV LN Grp IV MN 5 Experimental Details Technology Tech A Tech A Tech B Tech B BOV, cst Viscosity Grade 10W 30 5W 30 0W 20 0W 20 Relative VM (by technology) Group IV represents 50% of the formulated lubricant in Oils 23 and 25 Tech A approved against ACEA A3/B4 16, VW 50101/50500 in full Group II Tech B approved against API SN PLUS in Group II 13

18 Visualization of Testing Results: Impact of Group IV σ (Overall) = 0.50 Tech A Tech B BOV = 5.5 BOV = 4.2 VM = 1.0 VM = σ(overall) = 0.25 Tech A Tech B BOV = 5.5 BOV = 4.2 VM = 1.0 VM = AES AEV Grp II Grp II/IV Grp III Grp III/IV 6.0 Grp II Grp II/IV Grp III Grp III/IV Tech A Tech B BOV = 5.5 BOV = 4.2 VM = 1.0 VM = σ (Overall) = 0.53 Tech A Tech B BOV = 5.5 BOV = 4.2 VM = 1.0 VM = RCS APV Grp II Grp II/IV Grp III Grp III/IV 5.0 Grp II Grp II/IV Grp III Grp III/IV All severity adjusted results Dashed lines reflect proposed GF 6 specifications 14

19 ExxonMobil Statistical Review: Grp IV Interchange Regression analyses of Seq. VH BOI/VGRA Matrix data with 4 more new observations were performed using the model similar to Seq VH BOIVGRA Matrix Analysis provided by industry statisticians group Modeled data on both severity adjusted and non severity adjusted bases Regressed AES, AEV, APV and Ln(10 RCS) on: Technology BOV 100 (Calculated) Relative VM BO Group (II, III, II/IV or III/IV) Lab (non severity adjusted case only) BO Group is not statistically significant in each model BO Group p Value AES AEV APV Log(10 RCS) Non Severity Adjusted Severity Adjusted