Tackling maritime GHG emissions at international and European level

Transcription

1 Tackling maritime GHG emissions at international and European level Stakeholders Dialogue 12/03/2018 Transport and climate challenge Benoit Adam Policy advisor DG Navigation Service Public Fédéral Mobilité et Transport

2 DG Shipping Direction Safety and environment Benoit Adam Policy advisor DG Shipping Flag State Coastal State Port State

3 What is Maritime transport today?

4 Maritime Transport today: Essential to sustain the global economy South to South Factor of development for developing countries seaborne trade = engine for inclusive and sustainable growth and development. Shift toward the South

5 Bigger & bigger vessels Maritime Transport today Most efficient mode of transport Most goods traveling on ships (90% in tons, over 80 % by volume and 70 % by value) vessels

6 On a growing trend 10y 10y 10y

7 Flags Unctad 2017

8 Unctad 2017

9 Ownership Unctad 2017

10 BELGIUM Importance of the maritime sector Belgium FLEET is the 30th biggest flag- international shipping : ~ 120 ships. Economy of the MARITIME CLUSTER= 6,6% of national employment and 9,5 % of GDP (2010) Belgium is a MAJOR DOOR TO EU 4 SEAPORTS (Antwerp, Gent, Zeebrugge, Ostende): > considered as a whole : in the top 10 of world ports. Belgium at the center of EU logistic chain o Antwerp handles the second largest tonnages of short sea shipping in EU (in 2011). o Good hinterland connections (inland navigation, rail, road )

11 GHG emissions from shipping

12 Air Emissions CH4 CFC BC NOx CO2 SOx Globally ( ) 15% of NOx emissions 13 % of SOx emissions 2-3% of CO2 emissions Eu 28 in % of NOx emissions 16 % of SOx emissions 4-7% PM

13 ( CH4 ) CFC Impact on climate BC NOx Short term vs long term effects : CO2 SOx Short term: maritime transport has a cooling effect on climate! Long term: warming effect.

14 CO2 emissions from shipping 2 nd GHG IMO update study

15 Projections

16 How to adress the challenge? Regulations

17 A bit of history 1997 IMO adresses GHG st IMO GHG study Technical 1992 : UN framework convention on climate change 1997: Kyoto Protocol 2003 : IMO Assembly decision (on policies and practices) 2009 : 2 nd IMO GHG study 2014 : 3rd IMO GHG study Operational 2005 eif : Kyoto Protocol 2006 : MEPC work plan to identify and develop mechanisms 2009 : MEPC agreement on a package of measures : 3 pilars 2016: ICAO agreement on MBM Market 2015 Paris agreement 2020: end of Doha Protocol 2 nd period

18 Technical 2011 : new regulation EEDI for new ships >>> Common but differentiated responibility 2013: resolution on promotion of technical co-operation and transfer of technology 2016 : revision of phase 3 + consideration of phase 4

19 EEDI phase 1: built between 2015 and 2019 : 10% phase 2: built between 2020 and 2024 : 15 to 20%, depending on the ship type; phase 3: built after 2024 : 30% more efficient

20 EEDI : future Projections

21 Operational 2011 Ship Energy Efficiency Monitoring Plan SEEMP for all ships > no mandatory EEOI Relaunched (Belgium and likeminded countries) step approach agreed 2015 : EU Regulation Monitoring Reporting and Verification (MRV) 2016 mandatory IMO Data Collection System (DCS)

22 Market 2009 Plan to further consider and develop MBM 2012 > no agreement on MBM : kept in abeyance 2012 : inclusion of aviation in EU ETS

23 Objectives for the sector

24 Objectives for the sector 2009 Taboo 2015 Marhsall islands (Tony De Brum) + other Pacific MS asked IMO to define a target Pacific MS asked for help to EU some MS Start of willing/ fair share/ SHAC coalition 2016 IMO roadmap to develop a strategy to reduce GHG 2017 State Secretary De Backer leader of the High Ambition Coalition for shipping Partnership between Belgium and Solomon Islands 2018 In April : adoption of the initial IMO GHG reduction strategy at MEPC 72

25 Levels of ambition for the strategy

26 submissions ISSWG 2 ISSWG 3

27 Levels of ambition : EU Pacific Wellbelow2 c and aimingat 1,5 c Level of ambition expressed as a range to be consistent with the Paris agreement: proportionate to the emission reduction effort of comparable sector (transport and industry) = well below 2 c objective. Pursuing efforts to attain the 1,5 c objective

28 Levels of ambition : EU Pacific Wellbelow2 c and aimingat 1,5 c

29 Levels of ambition : Sense of urgency Peak year average lifespan of ships today

30 Levels of ambition : EU Pacific Wellbelow2 c and aimingat 1,5 c

31 Levels of ambition The strategy will also be a signal for the whole sector: For shipping it will require time to mature and adopt technology, the sooner a reliable signal is provided for that change, the better. > R&D to develop fuels, technologies, > develop infrastructure > Financing : make the appropriate investments

32 Next steps

33 Next steps 2018 In April ISSWG3 and adoption of the initial strategy at MEPC Revision of EU MRV Analysis of data from DCS Consideration of measures Adoption of short term measures 2023 revised Strategy + adoption of mid and long term measures Or EU proposal. (revised ETS directive )

34 Thanks for your attention

35 EU MRV & IMO Data Collection System

36 EU MRV 31 August 2017 Monitoring Plan 2018: 1st collection period Technical Data + Activity Data (fuel consumption + distance travelled + Cargo carried) 30 April 2019 Verified (independent verifiers) emission report 30 Junes 2019 Publication of data by EC IMO Data Collection System EMSA platform to exchange information 2019 : First monitoring period: Technical data + activity data (Fuel consumption + distance travelled + hours underway) 30 April 2020: verified reports ( Flag State or RO) Publication of aggregated date by IMO secretariat 31 May 2020: statement of compliance on board

37 Breaks and accelarators EU parliament deadline for IMO in 2011 EU parliaent negotiations 2017 new deadline in 2023 ICAO Paris agreement UNFCCC Pacific representation in IMO Absence of US No tight link between flag and ship Cbdr-rc and differentiation in UNFCCC framework Shipping is the most efficient mode of transport Vector of development Globalization = more trade between developping country Split incentive for investments in energy efficiency technologies