C07 - Probes. Sonde EN Pg.01/ E.M.P. Srl -ITALY -

Transcription

1 C07 - Probes Sonde EN Pg.01/ E.M.P. Srl -ITALY -

2 C07 - Probes S MgO Insulation S J J insulated 1, S J J insulated 1, S J J insulated 1, S J J insulated 1, S J J insulated 1, S J J insulated 1, S - S J J insulated 1, S J J insulated 1, S J J insulated 1, S J J insulated 1, S J J insulated 1, S J J insulated 1, S J J insulated 1, S J J insulated 1, S J J insulated 1, S J J insulated 2, S J J insulated 2, S J J insulated 2, S1A J J insulated S1A K K insulated S1A probes Bayonet coupling Threaded portion code SOAC1A08MA SOAC1A10MA SOAC1A18GA K 8MA 10MA 1/8GAS SA probes Bayonet coupling Threaded portion SA JM J earthed SA JM J earthed SA PT 3 wire-pt SA JM J earthed SA JM J earthed SA JM J earthed SA JM J earthed SA PT 3 wire-pt SA JM J earthed SA JM J earthed code K SOAC12MA 12MA SOAC12MB 12MB SOAC14GA 1/4GAS SAA JM J earthed SAA KM K earthed SAA probes Bayonet coupling Threaded portion code SOACA12MA SOACA14GA K 12MA 1/4GAS Sonde-EN Pg.02 / E.M.P. Srl -ITALY -

3 C07 - Probes SB JM J earthed SB JM J earthed SB JM J earthed SB JM J earthed code SBL011000J SBL011500J SBL012000J SBL013000J type J J J J insulated insulated insulated insulated LT Housing SC JM J earthed SC JM J earthed SC JM J earthed SC JM J earthed SF15 SF SF J J insulated 1, SF J J insulated 1, SF J J insulated 1, SF J J insulated 1, SF J J insulated 1, SF J J insulated 1, ØD LT SF RJM J earthed SF TJM J earthed SF AJM J earthed SF RJM J earthed SF TJM J earthed SF AJM J earthed SF RJM J earthed SF TJM J earthed SF AJM J earthed SF RJM J earthed SF TJM J earthed SF AJM J earthed Sonde EN Pg.03/ E.M.P. Srl -ITALY -

4 C07 - Probes K LT SM JM J earthed 8MA 1000 SM JM J earthed 8MA 2000 ØDe Ødi LT SNA JM J earthed SNA JM J earthed SNA JM J earthed ØDe Ødi LT SNB J J insulated SNB JM J earthed SNB J J insulated 10 5, SNB JM J earthed 10 5, A B LT SP J J insulated SP JM J earthed SP J J insulated SP JM J earthed SP J J insulated SP JM J earthed A B LT SPV J J insulated SPV JM J earthed SPV J J insulated SPV JM J earthed SPV J J insulated SPV JM J earthed Sonde EN Pg.04/ E.M.P. Srl -ITALY -

5 C07 - Probes Termocouples standard series with steel sheath Technical Data - Working temperature: C highest (according to the type of thermocouple and sheath) - Available types: E, K, N, R e S (see table at Page 09) - Sheath material: AISI 304 (general purposes), AISI 316 (Food-related uses) - Junction: insulated or exposed - Accuracy: compliant with ANSI MC96.1/IEC Protection degree: IP55 - Electric connections 1/2" gas Termocouples standard series with ceramic sheath Technical Data - Working temperature: C highest (according to the type of thermocouple and sheath) - Available types: E, K, N, R e S (see table at Page 09) - Sheath material: Alumina - Junction: insulated or exposed - Accuracy: compliant with ANSI MC96.1/IEC Protection degree: IP55 - Electric connections 1/2" gas Sonde EN Pg.05/ E.M.P. Srl -ITALY -

6 C07 - Probes components Head types DIN B DIN A T1 BUS Antideflagrante Ceramic sockets 1 TC 2 TC Flange (UNI 2278 PN16) for A4 series for C6 series A B C D A B C D Flange (UNI 2278 PN16) for A0 series A C Stainless steel fittings for series C2-C3 F Pipes diameter gas 10mm 12mm 14mm 20mm 1/2" 3/4" 32mm 3/8" 1/2" 3/4" 1" 1"1/4 1"1/2 2" Stainless steel fitting for series A1- A2- A3 F Pipes diameter gas 12mm 14mm 15mm 16mm 3/8" 20mm 1/2" 3/4" 3/8" 1/2" 3/4" 1" 1"1/4 1"1/2 2" Sonde EN Pg.06/ E.M.P. Srl -ITALY -

7 Thermoheaters PT100 with head Thermoprobes series TSM with steel sheath Technical data - Working temperature: C highest - Accuracy: compliant with ANSI MC96.1/IEC Protection degree: IP55 - Electric connections 1/2" gas DIN B Mignon Heads types Miniature BUS Ceramic inserts 1x 1x 2x 3 lead-pt100 4 lead-pt100 4 lead-pt100 Stainless steel fixed male fitting Brass compression fitting for series M2 - M4 for series M3 F Pipes diameter mm. F Pipes diameter mm. gas gas /8" 1/8" 1/4" 1/4" 3/8" 3/8" 1/2" 1/2" Stainless steel compression fitting for series M3 F Diametro tubi mm. gas /8" 1/4" 3/8" 1/2" Sheath material AISI 304 For general purposes AISI 316 For food-related uses Sonde EN Pg.07/ E.M.P. Srl -ITALY -

8 C07 - Probes - technical notes Working principle The thermocouple is a passive electrical transducer, in that its operation does not require power. It is based on a physical principle which is named "Seebeck effect" after the scientist who discovered it. The thermocouple is made with an electrical circuit consisting of two metals of different nature,which are welded together at their ends. If the two joints are at different temperatures, a current will start to flow in the circuit, which is proportional to the temperature difference between the two joints It is clear that breaking the circuit, a thermo-electromotive force (emf) is established,, the polarization and intensity of which ( t1 - t2 being equal) only depends on the nature of the metals used. The temperature is called hot and the of measurement is called cold or reference. In practical terms, in order to measure the absolute value of a temperature, the temperature of the shall be known, so that the temperature value of the hot will be calculated by difference. In the industrial field, this task is usually accomplished automatically by the measurement system, whether it be a controller, a digital thermometer, a recorder or else. It is important to note that the connecting leads must be made using the same materials that make up the sensor, and it is also necessary that the connections respect the polarity. Colours and specifications of the main types of thermocouples Sonde EN Pg.08/ E.M.P. Srl -ITALY -

9 C07 - Thermocouples - technical notes Mineral insulated Manufacturing Magnesium oxide insulated cables are used, made of an external metal sheath containing the conductors, which are insulated from each other and from the outer sheath by means of compressed MgO powder. The sensors obtained with this system are much more resistant to shocks and vibrations than those ones which are built with the traditional method. They can also be bent to be fitted into tortuous housings. Response speed, miniaturization and durability are other characteristics of mineral insulated sensors. With calibrated leads and insulators Ceramic insulators protect the leads from an outer rigid sheath. The latter must suitably protect conductors from gases or corrosive agents which may be inside the measurement environment. It 'also important to choose wires of suitable diameter and type, according to the stuffiness of the use. Ceramic or fiberglass insulators may be used depending on the maximum temperature to be achieved during operation. Kinds of Giunto caldo isolato da massa The is insulated by the outside protection sheath and is therefore poorly subject to suffer interference from parasite currents, which are generated by magnetic fields or equipment that is working under tension. It is a good compromise between protection from interferences speed of response. Giunto caldo a massa The joint is an integral part of the welding which seals the sensitive part of the thermocouple. It ensures best response speed; still it may suffer from interferences on the output warning due to the connection of the joint to earth. It cannot be used in instances where the system is not galvanically insulated. Giunto caldo Esposto The external sheath diameter staying equal, the response time is by far the best among the three solutions. It is not suitable for measurements at high temperatures or in aggressive environments. Response time Here below the results of a study on the evaluation of the response time of thermocouple sensors. The study was led on the thermocouples in Figure TR1, in laboratory conditions; the time constant refers to room pressure and room temperature in a air stream moving at 20 m / s. The time - or response timeconstant is defined as the time taken by the sensor to reach the 63% of an instantaneous change in temperature. The time constant is not bound to the temperature difference of a given thermal variation Sonde EN Pg.09/ E.M.P. Srl -ITALY -

10 C07 - Thermoheaters - technical notes Working principle The physical principle on which their operation rests upon is a characteristic shared by all metals: the resistance changing together with temperature variation. The most used metals in the industry are nickel and platinum, thank to their properties of high sensitivity ( resistance variation for each C) and stability in time. Compared to almost all transducers (thermocouples, thermoresistors), thermo-heaters give significant benefits in terms of accuracy and repeatability of the measurement. Manufacturing There are three categories of platinum thermometers, depending on the adopted construction technique: Ceramics (Highest Temperature 750 C) A platinum filament is coiled and then encapsulated in a shell of ceramic material. It is used in the manufacture of high precision thermometers, or where thermo-heaters are necessary to measure high temperatures. ceramic thermoheater Glass (Highest Temperature 600 C) A filament of platinum, is wound on a glass support and then encapsulated by an outer protective sheath also made of glass. Used in applications where precision and reproducibility is essential (sample thermometers). glass thermoheater Thin Film (Highest Temperature 450 C) On a ceramic support, a microfilm of platinum is deposited by diffusion, then using a laser technology, an electrical circuit is created with the appropriate characteristics of electrical resistance. Connections and measurement methods thin film thermoheater The thermoresistance is a transducer that needs power supply: This is because the measurement system which reads the resistance magnitude wants that a current of fixed value is made flow in the circuit, while in the meantime the voltage drop shall be read. At this point the value of resistance is calculated with the Ohm's law. There are three ways of circuit wiring and therefore three possible configurations for connecting the thermoresistance sensors: Sonde EN Pg.10/ E.M.P. Srl -ITALY -

11 C07 - Probes - technical notes 2-lead technique This is the least accurate solution, as the error introduced by the length of the connecting cables (line resistance) cannot be compensated in any way by the measurement system. In the industry its use is limited to applications requiring very low precision; anyhow this technique should not be taken into account, not even for general applications. 3-lead technique Most industrial applications use the three-wire technique, as it turns out to be the best compromise between cost and performance. In practical terms the three-wire connection eliminates the error of line resistance, in that the measure of the voltage drop from which the value of resistance is obtained, is carried out in a independent way. eseguita in maniera indipendente. 4-lead technique This connection mode provides the absolute best reading precision. It is mostly used for laboratory or high reliability measurements (primary or minor sample thermometers) With mineral insulation Costruzione Magnesium oxide insulated cables are used, made of an external metal sheath containing the conductors, which are insulated from each other and from the outer sheath by means of compressed MgO powder. The sensors obtained with this system are much more resistant to shocks and vibrations than those ones which are built with the traditional method. They can also be bent to be fitted into tortuous housings. Response speed, miniaturization and durability are other characteristics of mineral insulated sensors. With calibrated leads and insulators Ceramic insulators protect the leads from an outer rigid sheath. The latter must suitably protect conductors from gases or corrosive agents which may be contained in the measurement environment. It is also important to choose leads of suitable diameter and type according to the stuffiness of the use. Ceramic or fiberglass insulators may be used depending on the maximum temperature to be achieved during operation. Sonde EN Pg.11/ E.M.P. Srl -ITALY -

12 C07 - Probes Heating and thermoregulation End/ E.M.P. Srl -ITALY -