SOx scrubbers Engine Makers view MDT points, markets and Tier III combinations Greener Shipping Summit 2017 Athens, Greece 2017-11-14 Jesper Arvidsson Engineering/Operation/ Emission Reduction Technology Member EGCSA < 1 >
All about legislation; NOx Emission Control Areas (NECA) Sulphur Emission Control Areas (SECA) Waters within 200 nautical miles from the coast of USA, and Canada. 2015: max. 0.1%S SECA 2021 NOx ECA, agreed at MEPC70 October 2016 2016: 0.5%S SECA parts of Chinese waters Global: Max. 3.5% S 2020: Max. 0.5% S Note: Thus far no NOx ECAs which are not also SOx ECAs. < 2 >
All about legislation; NOx Emission Control Areas (NECA) Sulphur Emission Control Areas (SECA) We are here Fuel Sulphur Content (Equivalent) [%] 4,5 4 3,5 3 All vessels (old and new) 2,5 2 1,5 in ECAs 1 0,5 0 NO x [g/kwh] General Scrubbers Less than 1000 days Tier I Tier II Only newbuildings US-ECA in ECAs N-EU-ECA Tier III 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 < 3 >
Options 2020 and beyond? Compliant fuel High-Sulphur fuel MC/ME/-C engine Single Fuel: 0.1%S fuel, 0.5%S fuel ME-GI / ME-LGI engine Dual Fuel: LNG, Ethane, LPG, MeOH.. MC/ME/-C engine 0-5%S fuels: HFO/MDO + Scrubber < 4 >
Why Sulphur scrubbers? Engine maker view. Scrubbers can be applied to almost all our two and four stroke engines New engines can be purpose built for scrubber operation Retrofit possible most engines Allows full fuel flexibility = free choice for owners (World wide bunkering) Eliminates concerns of new blended fuel qualities and compatibilty issues. MAN Diesel & Turbo JPA / LEO 2017-10-27 00.00.2012 < 5 >
Why Sulphur scrubbers? Environmental view SO2 removed from exhaust; Large fraction of particulate matter trapped Scrubbers have a lower abatement Well-to-Wake CO2 imprint than compliant fuels. < 6 >
Sulphur scrubber market overview Market today; Currently approximately 460 ships equipped with scrubbers, totalling around 900 scrubber towers. IHS Markit estimate approx 3000 ships with scrubbers in 2020 with a further market potential of around 3000 ships / year totalling 10-12.000 scrubber ships by 2025. As many as 40.000 ships could be directly affected by 0,5% global cap. New scrubber financing solutions appearing for struggling owners. Lending against asset value, leasing of equipment, back payment via fuel premium, oil company financing etc. Legislation still uncertain flag states or ports may apply individual rules regardless of IMO. Global 2020 enforcement very difficult. This makes owners and makers uncertain of investment. < 7 >
Sulphur scrubber market overview Market outlook; Scrubber orders were fading but since MEPC 70, uptake is rapidly increasing (according to makers). Market is expected to continue growth. If market uptake continues to rise, sufficient Yard installation time could be problematic (Average hardware installation time 2 weeks for retrofit, often complemented by ridingcrews) Increased interest in scrubbers and combined scrubber /Tier 3 systems. Large hesitant owners now also considering scrubbers even for ULCV. Investments depend on market Profitable RoRo and Cruise market reflected in scrubber investments (Carnival Cruise Lines alone has equipped 60 ships with scrubbers a $400 mill investment) < 8 >
MAN points: Sulphur scrubbers Significant scrubber points for MAN Diesel. Backpressure issues; Higher back pressure causes: Lower TC/engine efficency fuel penalty Higher material temperatures In extreme cases higher levels of engine pollution and engine wear. Makers should inform P for whole load range not just max values. More than one engine connected to the same scrubber needs special consideration; Prevention of exhaust gas back flow to standing engines/engine rooms Special Class rules apply. Operational safety! Engine operational safety must be ensured in the event of scrubber malfunction, failure or wrong operation. < 9 >
MDT Sulphur scrubber experience MAN Diesel & Turbo SOx scrubber experience; No MDT scrubbers (except for EGR-scrubber) Working closely with several scrubber makers. Involvement in scrubber testing as early as 2005. Participation in scrubber development acc owner and maker request Service visits on board scrubber equipped vessels Large amount of performance data accumulated Operational information from owners and operators Large number of scrubber accumulated running hrs first installations have approx. 40.000 running hrs. First tests First marine design First installation Start of service test Fully developed commercial 2005 2007 2009 2010 2017 < 10 >
Sulphur scrubber service experience Service experience; Hardware corrosion issues initially now mostly solved. WTS plants have issues on corrosion and clogging. Frequent maintenance rqrd. Measuring equipment is weak spot - requires frequent calibration and maintenance All major makes comply with 0,1 S equivalent or better. PM removal very much dependent on scrubber type. All major makes comply with wash water outlet criteria (see below) < 11 >
Sulphur scrubber service experience General Performance; Most systems cause increased back pressure influencing engine performance and causing SFOC penalty. SFOC penalty depending on application estimated below 1g/ KWh. Scrubber makers estimate 1-2% SFOC increase by calculation only difference usually too small for on-board measurements. So far no direct scrubber related additional engine wear (single accidental cases excluded). Maximum recorded Texh increase is < 10 C @ total 600 mm WC. < 12 >
Sulphur scrubber service experience Service Experience Conclusion scrubbers in 5 lines; Scrubbers units rugged and dependable means of compliance All major makers comply with IMO requirements (SOx 0.1% equiv. or better) and MEPC wash water guidelines. Engine performance impact normally low providing BP limits ok Aux systems (WTS and measuring equipment) low TBO Business case depending on trade pattern & engine size < 13 >
Combination plants Full compliance SOx & NOx ME solely for non ECA operation on LNG, HFO and MGO ECA operation on LNG and MGO 0,1% sulfur content (2020 Global 0,5%) Full fuel flexibility incl. ECA operation on HFO with high sulfur content + EGR SO X scrubber or + + SCR < 14 >
Combined EGR and EGC Arrangement sample system Exhaust gas scrubber Common system parts: Tank for causcc soda Two- stroke MAN B&W engine with integrated EGR Scrubber water circulacon tank Water treatment system Tank for sludge disposal < 15 >
Combined EGR and EGC Arrangement Main benefits of combined EGR and EGC system are; Full compliance Common WTS unit for EGC and EGR system Possible reduced EGC sizing. Lower overall CAPEX Future safe (Differentiated port fees, future legislation, local rules) More and more owners looking into combining SOx and Tier 3 Tech. < 16 >
Combined EGR and EGC Arrangement sample gas side Two-stroke diesel engine with EGR Exhaust outlet EGB Economizer Economize r EGC SOXscrubber Layout of combined EGR and EGC system without auxiliary systems. MAN Diesel & Turbo JPA / LEO 2017-10-27 00.00.2012 < 17 >
Combined EGR and EGC Reduced exhaust system Combined EGR/EGC system Standard system Non ECA mode Standard configuration 100% MCR 100% Flow 0% EGR EGC scrubber ECA mode Standard configuration 100% MCR 70% Flow 30% EGR EGC scrubber Char- ger Combustion Tur- bine Char- ger Combustion Tur- bine Blower Blower EGR scrubber EGR scrubber Combined EGR/EGC system Reduced exhaust system (30%) Non ECA mode Reduced configuration 70% MCR 70% Flow 0% EGR EGC scrubber ECA/Non ECA mode Reduced configuration 100% MCR 70% Flow 30% EGR EGC scrubber Char- ger Combustion Tur- bine Char- ger Combustion Tur- bine Blower Blower EGR scrubber EGR scrubber < 18 >
Disclaimer All data provided in this document is non-binding. This data serves informational purposes only and is especially not guaranteed in any way. Depending on the subsequent specific individual projects, the relevant data may be subject to changes and will be assessed and determined individually for each project. This will depend on the particular characteristics of each individual project, especially specific site and operational conditions. < 19 >
Do you have any more questions? Jesper Arvidsson MAN Diesel & Turbo Teglholmsgade 41, DK 2450 Copenhagen SV Denmark Jesper.arvidsson@man.eu Tel: +45 33851754 < 20 >