Article 15.2. Approach and examples from Denmark Thomas Kjærsgaard Sørensen Energinet.dk 1
Agenda Article 15.2 approach in Denmark Organisation of work Overall assumptions Prioritised areas for potential assessments Preliminary results Two examples Danish Power System with AC Cables Automatic voltage control 2
Organisation of work An art. 15.2. working group is established: Electricity and gas transmission: Energinet.dk (Danish TSO) Electricity distribution: Dansk Energi (representing DSO s) Gas distribution: HMN Gas Secr. and cross-cutting issues: Danish Energy Agency Scope of work: Art. 15.2.a: Potential assessment Autumn 2014 Art. 15.2.b: Identification of measures Spring 2015 3
Overall assumptions Geographical boundaries: Danish territory, incl. sea areas System boundaries, el.: Transmission/distribution network, incl. transformer stations System boundaries, gas: Transmission/distribution network, incl. regulation stations and gas stocks Economic criterion for potential assessments: To be finally determined 4
Prioritised areas for potential assessment Electricity transmission and distribution: Operation of existing networks Optimization of power flow Adjustment of network voltage Extension network Restructuring Replacement of components Gas transmission and distribution Operation of existing networks and gas stock Compression / decompression 5
Preliminary results 6
Example 1: Danish Power system with AC Cables Analysed principles Technical report about the future expansions of the transmission grid 400 kv A Complete cabling B New lines in cables C New lines in cables and new towers in one existing track D New overhead lines in existing tracks E New overhead lines F No reinforcements 400 kv Embellishment of existing 400 kv overhead lines with lower towers in a new design + cabling in selected stretches 132/150 kv Cabling of existing 132/150 kv according to separate schedule Cabling parts of existing 132/150 kv according to separate schedule Billion Euro 6.46 2.63 2.30 0.537 0.362 0 7
Example 1: Danish Power system with AC Cables 2010 2030 8
Example 1: Danish Power system with AC Cables Today and in the future 25 years ago Central power plants Local CHP plants Wind turbines Total installed DG (wind, CHP, etc) 5500 MW Demand min 2200 MW; max 6300 MW + 3000 MW offshore wind power - in 20 years 9 [Insert date XX Month 20XX]
Example 1: Danish Power system with AC Cables Research and development project with the aim to setup design guide lines to be used in the design of a transmission network with all cables that insures a technical and economical optimal transmission network. Black-Start study for network according to Cable Action Plan Optimisation of 132/150 kv network structure Protection concept for cables Onsite parameter measurement techniques Maximising cable lengths Maintenance guideline for cable systems Optimise reactive power compensation System Guideline for performing transient studies Improve location detection and repair of cable failures Components Quality procedure of layout of cables Analyse mechanical stability and voltage stability Controlled Backfill Optimised layout of cables 10
Example 1: Danish Power system with AC Cables The transmission network from the Cable Action Plan The total cost of the Cable Action Plan without the expenses of establishing new 132 kv stations is as follows for a period of 40 years in 2010 prices: Components = 529 million Euro. Reactor losses = 25 million Euro. Transmission losses = 178 million Euro. The total cost = 732 million Euro. 11
Example 1: Danish Power system with AC Cables The transmission network after reduction The total cost of the cable transmission network after the reduction is as follows for a period of 40 years in 2010 prices: Components = 472 million Euro. Reactor losses = 24 million Euro. Transmission losses = 179 million Euro. The total cost = 675 million Euro. 12
Example 1: Danish Power system with AC Cables The transmission network after intensification The total cost of the cable transmission network after the intensification phase is as follows for a period of 40 years in 2010 prices: Components = 399 million Euro. Reactor losses = 20 million Euro. Transmission losses = 181 million Euro. The total cost = 600 million Euro. 132 million Euro savings compared to the Cable Action Plan Reactor losses cut by 5 million Euro Losses in total cut by 2 million Euro 13
Example 1: Danish Power system with AC Cables The final transmission network after intensification Reactor losses cut by 5 million Euro Losses in total cut by 2 million Euro 40 year period in 2010 prices 14
Example 2: Automatic Voltage Control Energinet.dk is planning to implement Automatic Voltage Control (AVC) in 2016 - currently being tested in manual operation. Automatic Voltage Control is a SCADA plug-in software that can optimize and automatically control the voltage level in the network by calculating a desired voltage level in all the voltage-regulating devices. 15
Example 2: Automatic Voltage Control The need for more Automatic Voltage Control (AVC) is caused by: Less Central Power Plants Larger share of wind power causes greater power fluctuations More transit and exchanges with neighboring countries More reactive components as a result of Cable Action Plan Technological advances have made it easier to implement automatic control 16
Spænding [kv] Example 2: Automatic Voltage Control Benefits from Automatic Voltage Control Reduction of network losses, as the network can be operated at higher voltage and with less transmission of reactive power. Preliminary studies shows loss reductions at 0,5 % - 3,5 % Potential for better use of the transmission grid as line can be utilised more than today. 139 138 137 136 135 134 133 132 131 130 Average voltage level 132 kv substation Gennemsnitlig spænding 132 kv stationer DK2 2012-10-01-2012-11-30 2012-11-30 Average: 133,8 kv 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 substation Stationsnummer no. 17
Thank you for your attention Thomas Kjærsgaard Sørensen Grid Analyst, M.Sc.EE, PhD Network Data, Planning, Energinet.dk Tel: +45 30 67 47 25 Email: tks@energinet.dk Energinet.dk Tonne Kjærsvej 65 DK-7000 Fredericia Tel: +45 70 10 22 44 www.energinet.dk 18