2016 Potato Cultivar Yield and Postharvest Quality Evaluations GROWER S EDITION. WSU Potato Research Group

Transcription

1 2016 Potato Cultivar Yield and Postharvest Quality Evaluations GROWER S EDITION WSU Potato Research Group

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3 2016 Potato Cultivar Yield and Postharvest Quality Evaluations Washington State University Potato Research Group PO Box Pullman, WA Principal Investigators N. Richard Knowles Postharvest Trials and Information Additional contact: Nora Fuller, Faculty and Staff Nora Fuller Raul Rudy G. Garza Jr. Zachary J. Holden Lisa O. Knowles Josh Rodriguez On the cover: WSU Othello Potato Group hosted a Potato Virus Y workshop which included an in-field demo trial. Plants were inoculated with different strains of Potato Virus Y. Mark J. Pavek Field Trials and Information mjpavek@wsu.edu Additional contact: Zach Holden, zholden@wsu.edu Special Thanks John Steinbock; Mark Weber; Mike Clouse; Martin Moore; Washington State Potato Commission; Growers and Industry; Dennis Johnson; Tom Cummings; Tim Waters; Carrie Wohleb; Chandler Dolezal; Kathryn Bolding, Paco Gonzalez, Derek Herman; Francisco Atilano: Parker Dolezal; Clara Bedlington; Caleb Garza, Lucas Garza 2016 Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition Copyright WSU Potato Research Group

4 INTRODUCTION The 2016 Washington State University (WSU) Potato Cultivar Yield and Postharvest Quality Evaluations is an annual report providing detailed information about promising new clones and cultivars grown in Washington conducted by the WSU Potato Research Group. The postharvest sections include information on process quality and storability for samples grown in WA, ID, and OR. Our mission: to identify and release new potato varieties that will provide profitable, sustainable production for the grower, improved competitiveness for the Washington and NW US potato industry, a healthy, inexpensive food supply for American consumers, and contributions towards a healthy environment. Tri-State trials include the newest clones which are created and evaluated in ID, OR, and WA by the USDA/ARS of Aberdeen, ID and Prosser, WA, Univ. of ID, OR State University, and WA State University. Regional trials include advanced clones from, and evaluated by, ID, OR, WA, CO, TX, and CA. Potato Commissions from the Tri-State area support and fund much of the variety development efforts. Potato Variety Management Institute (PVMI) is a nonprofit organization that licenses and promotes Tri-State varieties. PVMI collects royalties from the varieties which are then distributed among the Tri-State research programs to support the ongoing development efforts. Learn more at Recent Accomplishments: The effect of the Tri-State Potato Variety Development Program on the Northwest potato industry has been substantial. Ranger Russet, Umatilla Russet, Alturas, Bannock Russet, and Clearwater Russet, are examples of russet cultivars released from the Tri- State program that have greatly benefited the United States and Northwest potato industry. These cultivars are ranked as the 3rd, 4th, 7th, 9th, and 10th most widely grown cultivars in the United States in 2016, respectively, with Tri-State varieties representing 33.5%, or 309,000 acres, of the fall crop nationally. (NASS, Crop Production, December 2016). Ranger Russet, Umatilla Russet, and Alturas were the 3rd, 4th, and 5th most widely grown cultivars in the PNW (ID, OR, WA) in 2016, respectively, and accounted for 27% of the PNW planted acreage. Varieties recently released by the Tri-State program are now produced on more than 143,000 acres in the Pacific Northwest with value to growers estimated at approximately $600 million. In the past 10 years, the US farm-gate value of Tri-State varieties has increased by approximately $190 million Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 2 WSU Potato Research Group

5 Multi-Year Summaries of Graduating Russet Entries and Reference Varieties Average Merit Scores (5 = Best) Early/Late* Tuber Harvest US # 1 & 2 Weight/ Bruise Field Performance Postharvest Total Yield Specific Number Blackspot/ Internal** Early/Late Early/Late Processing Entry Year Yield > 6 oz Gravity per Plant Shatter Issues Fresh Process Performance CWT/A % of Total oz/number % A / /6.5 23/74 3% IBS, 3% BC 1.9/ / / /6.3 0/88 3% IBS 0.7/ / / /6.3 33/72 3% IBS, 3% HH 3.4/ / / /6.5 34/61 18% IBS, 3% BC 1.3/ / / /8.1 10/51 3% BC 1.4 -/ Due to ugly skin, this clone should be used for processing only. Good tuber length for french fries and post-harvest performance / /5.8 34/77 none 2.1/ / A T / /6.8 20/84 none 2.1/ / / /6.1 36/41 none 4.9/ / / /6.0 16/24 3% HH 3.9/3.4 -/ This clone has nice shape and could be marketed fresh or process. Yields are similar or less than Russet Norkotah. It has early to medium maturity. Skin issues and low yield could affect fresh performance / /8.8 58/13 none NA 2.6/ Ranger R / /8.8 17/23 none NA 3.6/ / /6.6 49/19 3% IBS NA 4.3/ / /8.4 29/45 none NA 2.7/ / /7.7 50/50 3% IBS NA 3.1/ / /8.4 49/46 3% IBS NA 3.1/ Long, shape variable at times, yet uniform other times / /9.0 57/57 14% BC, 4% IBS 0.9/ / R. Burbank / /8.0 41/59 3% BC 1.3/ / / /6.8 31/61 3% HH, 6% IBS 0.9/ / / /7.5 22/47 9% HH, 3% BC 1.2/ / / /8.8 27/57 10%HH, 20% BC 0.5/ / / /8.2 6/24 35%HH, 21% BC 2.3/ / Shape typically variable, often with many growth cracks and knobs / /8.3 24/12 none 2.5/2.5 NA NA R. Norkotah / /7.6 21/29 none 1.7/2.5 NA NA / /8.0 22/11 none 2.3/3.5 NA NA / /8.5 18/33 3% HH, 3% IBS 2.0/1.0 NA NA Shape and skin typically very uniform, size profile typically on the small side Shepody /4.9 29/24 none NA (Early Harvest) /7 none NA only /5.8 13/0 none NA /4.4 5/10 none NA Early-harvest processing variety. Post-harvest merit not available as this and most varieties typically produce acceptable fries directly from the field. *Early Harvest ~ 110 days after planting, Late Harvest ~ 150 DAP. **HH = Hollow heart, BC = brown center, IBS = internal brown spot Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 3 WSU Potato Research Group

6 FRESH MARKET MERIT - NEWEST LINES (5 = best) - Entries ranked by means EARLY HARVEST - Fresh Market Merit Scores Entry Mean AOR AOR A TE A Ranger Russet Russet Norkotah A VRsto A AOR A CSR A A BF A TE A Russet Burbank AOR A TE LATE HARVEST - Fresh Market Merit Scores Entry Mean AOR A TE Russet Norkotah AOR Ranger Russet AOR A A AOR A BF A CSR A A VRsto Russet Burbank A A TE A TE For more information on these cultivars, see the Early and Late Harvest Regional Trial Sections in this Book. The dash ( - ) indicates the clone was not yet entered into the trial Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 4 WSU Potato Research Group

7 FRESH MARKET MERIT - ADVANCED LINES (5 = best) - Entries ranked by means EARLY HARVEST - Fresh Market Merit Scores Entry Mean AO a A T CO RU TX Ru A Ranger Russet COTX Ru CO RU CO RU Russet Norkotah A CO RU AOR KF AO COTX RuRE/Y Russet Burbank a Shatter bruise on AO may be a concern LATE HARVEST - Fresh Market Merit Scores Entry Mean CO RU A T CO RU AO COTX Ru TX Ru AO Russet Norkotah A CO RU A AOR KF Ranger Russet CO RU Russet Burbank COTX RuRE/Y For more information on these cultivars, see the Early and Late Harvest Regional Trial Sections in this Book. The dash ( - ) indicates the clone was not yet entered into the trial Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 5 WSU Potato Research Group

8 PROCESS MARKET MERIT - NEWEST LINES (5 = best) - Entries ranked by Field Performance means EARLY HARVEST - Process Market Merit Scores Field Field Performance Only* Performance Entry Mean Shepody A TE AOR A Ranger Russet A VRsto A BF AOR AOR Russet Burbank A A A TE Russet Norkotah A CSR A AOR A TE *Postharvest values are not given for the Early Harvest Trial because all varieties typically fry well when delivered directly from the field and cold storage is not typical. The dash (" - ") indicates the clone was not yet entered into the trial. LATE HARVEST - Process Market Merit Scores Field & Postharvest Processing Performance All Years WA Post (Washington only) Field Harvest Post Post Post Entry Mean Mean Field Harv Field Harv Field Harv 1 AOR Ranger Russet AOR A BF A VRsto AOR A A CSR A Russet Burbank AOR A TE A A A TE For more information on these cultivars, see the Early and Late Harvest Regional Trial Sections in this Book. The dash ( - ) indicates the clone was not yet entered into the trial Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 6 WSU Potato Research Group

9 Entry 1 AO CO RU 3 A A T 5 CO RU 6 CO RU 7 A TX Ru 9 Shepody 10 Ranger Russet 11 COTX Ru 12 AOR KF 13 Norkotah 14 AO Burbank 16 CO RU 17 COTX RuRE/Y PROCESS MARKET MERIT - ADVANCED LINES (5 = best) - Entries ranked by Field Performance means EARLY HARVEST - Process Market Merit Scores Field Field Performance Only* Performance Mean *Postharvest values are not given for the Early Harvest Trial because all varieties typically fry well when delivered directly from the field and cold storage is not typical. The dash (" - ") indicates the clone was not yet entered into the trial. LATE HARVEST - Process Market Merit Scores All Years WA Post Field & Postharvest Processing Performance (Washington only) Field Harvest Post Post Post Post Post Entry Mean Mean Field Harv Field Harv Field Harv Field Harv Field Harv 1 A Ranger Russet AO CO RU AOR KF CO RU A AO A T CO RU CO RU COTX Ru TX Ru Russet Burbank COTX RuRE/Y For more information on these cultivars, see the Early and Late Harvest Regional Trial Sections in this Book. Varieties with fresh were designated for direct processing or fresh market only Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 7 WSU Potato Research Group

10 At-Harvest Grading Comments & Fresh Market Appearance Fresh Market Appearance 1-5 (5 = Best) Clone Newest Lines Tri-State Trials Tuber Appearance Comments Early Harvest Tri-State Ranger Russet Mostly typy, some irregular shapes Russet Burbank Smaller, shapes a bit irregular. Russet Norkotah Small and typy. Shepody Irregular shapes, light skin. A Small, dark russet, bad rhizoc. A CSR Mostly round, growth cracks, DISCARD. A Small, not early, ugly skin. A Light skin, small, round. A Irregular shapes, small, not early. A BF Not Early! Small, some round, bad skin. A TE Smaller, short, but some typy. A VRsto Small, short, some round. A TE Not early, bad skin, a bit short. A TE Not early, small, some typy. AOR Not early, small, ugly. AOR Mostly typy, some irregular shapes. AOR Irregular shapes, bad skin! AOR Not early, small, pears. Late Harvest Tri-State Ranger Russet Large, long, mostly typy. Russet Burbank Non uniform shape, but not bad. Russet Norkotah Good length, typy. A Too round! DISCARD A CSR Too round. Softballs and baseballs. DISCARD A Blocky, ugly skin, too many greens. DISCARD A Too short, with ugly skin. DISCARD A Mostly round, small, with bad skin. DISCARD A BF Plump, many short ones, bad skin. A TE % round, 50% long and typy. A VRsto A lot of short and small ones. A TE Ugly skin, non uniform shape, DISCARD. A TE Too round and short. AOR Length ok, some curves and points. AOR Typy, nice russet skin. Could go fresh. AOR Short, round, irregular shapes, DISCARD. AOR A bit flat, mostly typy, short, oval. *Typy - Visually appealing, uniform tuber shape. AOR A TE AOR A TE EARLY EARLY LATE LATE 2016 Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 8 WSU Potato Research Group

11 At-Harvest Grading Comments & Fresh Market Appearance 1-5 (5 = Best) Clone Early Harvest Regional Advanced Lines Regional Trials Fresh Market Appearance Tuber Appearance Comments* Ranger Russet Nice size, typy. Russet Burbank Irregular shapes, some rot. Russet Norkotah Mostly typy. Shepody Huge, with irregular shapes. A Irregular shapes, spotty russeting, DISCARD A Light buff russet, irregular shape. A T Bad skin, nice size. AO Small, irregular shapes AO Typy, dark russet, poor skin set. AOR KF Irregular shapes, ok size. CO RU Small, baby potatoes, not early. CO RU Flat, irregular shapes like RB. CO RU Irregular shape, not an early variety. CO RU Typy, some large, not great skin. COTX RuRE/Y Looks like a flat river rock! DISCARD COTX Ru Flat, long, a lot of small ones. TX Ru Small, typy, not an early variety. Late Harvest Regional Ranger Russet Typy, long, large. Russet Burbank Good length and size, non uniform skin. Russet Norkotah Non uniform russeting, bad skin. A Large, plump, non uniform shape. A Very large, ugly skin, plump. A T Nice size and length, ugly skin. AO Non-uniform shape, a bit short, ugly. AO Very nice shape and size, typy, dark russet. AOR KF Large, bad roadmapping. Scab. CO RU Too small, pointy, DISCARD. CO RU Poor skin set, irregular shapes. CO RU Round, too small. CO RU Non uniform shape and size. COTX RuRE/Y Round, pink eyes, ugly, DISCARD!!! COTX Ru Flat uniform shape, mostly typy. TX Ru Small, uniform shape, short. *Typy - Visually appealing, uniform tuber shape AO COTX Ru AO EARLY EARLY LATE 2016 Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 9 WSU Potato Research Group

12 2016 Tri-State Specialty Potato Clones - Washington State University 2016 Tri-State Specialty Trial US #1 Yield 2016 Fresh (See also Tri-State Specialty Section near end of book) US#1 Market Yield 0-6 oz 6-10oz Appearance CWT/A -----% = best Comments Red Skin/White Flesh* Chieftain Nice shape, lots of cracks Red or Purple Skin/Yellow Flesh COA RY Deep red, very typy, smooth and round. Yellow Flesh Yukon Gold Good shape, lots of russeting. A Y Shaped like pears and bowling pins. A Y Nice shape, round, small with pink eyes. POR11PG Irregular shapes, ok skin, a lot of US # 2's. POR11PG Discard, long with ugly skin, lot's of knobs. *Skin/Flesh Color: R = Red, W = White, Y = Yellow, P = Purple, Rus = Russet, Buff = off-white with or without light russeting. Chieftain COA RY A Y Yukon Gold A Y POR11PG20-2 POR11PG Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 10 WSU Potato Research Group

13 2016 POTATO VIRUS Y DEMO Healthy Plant ATLANTIC PVY O Left: One of the 42 varieties displayed (healthy vs. 3 strains of PVY) within the 2016 WSU-Othello Potato Virus Y demonstration plot (below). PVY NO PVY NTN 2016 Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 11 WSU Potato Research Group

14 ETS 2016 Early Harvest Tri-State Trial Summaries TOTAL YIELD US # 1's* US # 2's* Culls* count US 1's and 2's ENTRY > 4 oz > 4 oz & < 4 oz CARTON YIELD (US 1's 7-18 oz) PROCESS YIELD CWT/A STATS** Tons/A % of Total Yield % of Total Yield Tons/A % of Total Yield Tons/A Ranger Russet 481 CDE Russet Burbank 504 BCD Russet Norkotah 394 EF Shepody 549 ABC A F A CSR 524 ABCD A ABCD A A A ABCD A BF 534 ABCD A TE 543 ABCD A VRsto 513 BCD A TE 499 BCD A TE 405 EF AOR AB AOR CDE AOR DE AOR CDE > 6 oz * Percent values may not total 100% due to rounding US # 1 YIELD > 4 oz INTERNAL DEFECTS (%) ENTRY > 4 oz > 4 oz 4-7 oz* 7-14 oz* > 14 oz* SPECIFIC (8-12 oz tubers) CWT/A STATS** Tons/A % GRAVITY % HH % BC % IBS Ranger Russet 422 BCDEF Russet Burbank 369 EFGHI Russet Norkotah 296 HI Shepody 513 AB A I A CSR 392 CDEFG A BCDEF A A A ABCDEF A BF 474 ABCD A TE 422 BCDEF A VRsto 460 ABCDE A TE 360 FGHI A TE 306 GHI AOR ABC AOR CDEFG AOR FGHI AOR DEFGH Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 12 WSU Potato Research Group

15 ETS SKIN TUBER 30 DAY 40 DAY 50 DAY STEMS PER AVERAGE TUBER SET SHAPE BRUISE (%) ENTRY STAND STAND STAND PLANT WEIGHT NUMBER 1 = Poor 1 = Round (8-12 oz tubers) % Emerged % Emerged % Emerged Above Ground Ounces Tubers/Plant 5 = Good 5 = Long BLACKSPOT SHATTER Ranger Russet Russet Burbank Russet Norkotah Shepody A A CSR A A A A BF A TE A VRsto A TE A TE AOR AOR AOR AOR Lucas and Caleb Garza measure soil temperature and internode length in various 2016 trials Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 13 WSU Potato Research Group

16 ETS 2016 Early Harvest Tri-State Trial Tubers Ranger Russet Russet Burbank Russet Norkotah A A CSR A AOR A A BF A TE Shepody A VRsto A TE A TE AOR AOR AOR Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 14 WSU Potato Research Group

17 ETS Fresh Value Process Value Figure 1 (Top). Difference in gross return per acre (Fresh Market) from Russet Norkotah calculated by subtracting the gross return of Russet Norkotah from the gross return of the particular entry. Figure 2 (Bottom). Difference in gross return per acre (Process Market) from Ranger Russet calculated by subtracting the gross return of Ranger Russet from the gross return of the particular entry. Entries with the white-colored bars would be penalized due to a low specific gravity Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 15 WSU Potato Research Group

18 LTS 2016 Late Harvest Tri-State Trial Summaries TOTAL YIELD US # 1's* US # 2's* Culls* count US 1's and 2's ENTRY > 4 oz > 4 oz & < 4 oz CARTON YIELD (US 1's 7-18 oz) PROCESS YIELD CWT/A STATS** Tons/A % of Total Yield % of Total Yield Tons/A % of Total Yield Tons/A Ranger Russet 846 BC Russet Burbank 817 C Russet Norkotah 786 CD A D A CSR 818 C A CD A A A BC A BF 915 AB A TE 926 AB A VRsto 790 CD A TE 859 BC A TE 722 D AOR A AOR BC AOR AB AOR BC > 6 oz US # 1 YIELD > 4 oz INTERNAL DEFECTS (%) ENTRY > 4 oz > 4 oz 4-7 oz* 7-14 oz* > 14 oz* SPECIFIC (8-12 oz tubers) CWT/A STATS** Tons/A % GRAVITY % HH % BC % IBS Ranger Russet 756 BCDEF Russet Burbank 682 FGH Russet Norkotah 670 FGH A I A CSR 699 EFG A HI A AB A CDEF A BF 787 ABCD A TE 768 ABCDE A VRsto 697 EFG A TE 644 GHI A TE 577 I AOR ABC AOR CDEF AOR A AOR DEFG % Emerged % Emerged % Emerged Above Ground Ounces Tubers/Plant 5 = Good 5 = Long BLACKSPOT SHATTER Ranger Russet Russet Burbank Russet Norkotah A A CSR A A A A BF A TE A VRsto A TE A TE AOR AOR AOR AOR * Percent values may not total 100% due to rounding 2016 Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 16 WSU Potato Research Group SKIN TUBER 30 DAY 40 DAY 50 DAY STEMS PER AVERAGE TUBER SET SHAPE BRUISE (%) ENTRY STAND STAND STAND PLANT WEIGHT NUMBER 1 = Poor 1 = Round (8-12 oz tubers)

19 LTS Fresh Value Process Value Figure 1 (Top). Difference in gross return per acre (Fresh Market) from Russet Norkotah calculated by subtracting the gross return of Russet Norkotah from the gross return of the particular entry. Entries with the white-colored bars may not appeal to fresh market consumers due to undesirable shape or appearance. Figure 2 (Bottom) Difference in gross return per acre (Process Market) from Ranger Russet calculated by subtracting the gross return of Ranger Russet from the gross return of the particular entry. Entries with the white-colored bars would be penalized (under the mock contract parameters) due to a specific gravity less than Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 17 WSU Potato Research Group

20 LTS Tubers 48º F Storage 44º F Storage 40º F Storage 40º F Recon. Ranger Russet Russet Burbank A A CSR A Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 18 WSU Potato Research Group

21 Tubers 48º F Storage 44º F Storage 40º F Storage 40º F Recon. LTS A A A BF A VRsto A TE 2016 Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 19 WSU Potato Research Group

22 LTS Tubers 48º F Storage 44º F Storage 40º F Storage 40º F Recon. A TE AOR AOR AOR AOR Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 20 WSU Potato Research Group

23 2016 Late Harvest Tri-State Trial LTS Accumulated Total Postharvest Rating of Clones WA ID OR 3 State av. Rating Rating Rating Rating Clone Total Discard Total Discard Total Discard Total 13 AOR A SG Ranger Russet SG, 40 F A CSR SG AOR SG A TE 25.3 SG SG AOR SG A SG A SG A TE F SG A VRsto SG, 40 F Russet Burbank F F 17.3 SG, 40 F A F SG, 40 F A BF F SG, 40 F AOR F F 11.7 SG,44,40 F GPS has been one of many improvements we ve been able to incorporate into our program thanks to the contributions of the Washington State Potato Commission Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 21 WSU Potato Research Group

24 LTS 2016 Late Harvest Tri-State Trial Top: At-harvest and after-storage French fry colors (stem end) of clones in the Tri-State Trial. Tubers were stored for 60 days at 48, 44, and 40 F. The clones are ranked from best to worst on fry color of the 44 F-stored tubers. High reflectance values indicate light colored fries. Bottom: Line graph depicting the effects of storage temperature on change in French fry processing quality (stem end fry color) of the most cold sweetening resistant (A TE, A , A CSR, and AOR ) and susceptible (AOR ) clones in the Tri-State Trial. *Indicates similar performance of the clones last year Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 22 WSU Potato Research Group

25 2016 Late Harvest Tri-State Trial LTS Tuber Shape and Associated French Fry Yields (8- to 10-oz Tubers) Length to width ratio Clone WA rtg ID rtg OR rtg 3 State Avg. 1 Ranger Russet Russet Burbank A A CSR A A A A BF A VRsto A TE A TE AOR AOR AOR AOR Average French Fry Yield vs Tuber L/W 3 long (% by weight) % Length/Width Ratio % 83% 91% 95% % 3 inch waste 2016 Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 23 WSU Potato Research Group

26 ERT 2016 Early Harvest Regional Trial Summaries TOTAL YIELD US # 1's* US # 2's* Culls* count US 1's and 2's ENTRY > 4 oz > 4 oz & < 4 oz CARTON YIELD (US 1's 7-18 oz) PROCESS YIELD CWT/A Tons/A % of Total Yield % of Total Yield Tons/A % of Total Yield Tons/A Ranger Russet 465 E Russet Burbank 526 BCDE Russet Norkotah 473 DE Shepody 502 BCDE A ABCD A ABCDE A T 534 BCDE AO E AO ABC AOR KF 569 ABCD CO RU 513 BCDE CO RU 558 ABCDE CO RU 580 ABC CO RU 486 CDE COTX RuRE/Y 633 A COTX Ru 585 AB TX Ru 587 AB > 6 oz * Percent values may not total 100% due to rounding US # 1 YIELD > 4 oz INTERNAL DEFECTS (%) ENTRY > 4 oz > 4 oz 4-7 oz* 7-14 oz* > 14 oz* SPECIFIC (8-12 oz tubers) CWT/A STATS** Tons/A % GRAVITY % HH % BC % IBS Ranger Russet 426 CDEF Russet Burbank 383 EFG Russet Norkotah 402 DEFG Shepody 456 BCDE A AB A ABC A T 478 ABCDE AO FG AO AB AOR KF 488 ABCD CO RU 312 G CO RU 485 ABCD CO RU 500 ABC CO RU 412 CDEF COTX RuRE/Y 574 A COTX Ru 508 ABC TX Ru 494 ABCD Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 24 WSU Potato Research Group

27 ERT SKIN TUBER 30 DAY 40 DAY 50 DAY STEMS PER AVERAGE TUBER SET SHAPE BRUISE (%) ENTRY STAND STAND STAND PLANT WEIGHT NUMBER 1 = Poor 1 = Round (8-12 oz tubers) % Emerged % Emerged % Emerged Above Ground Ounces Tubers/Plant 5 = Good 5 = Long BLACKSPOT SHATTER Ranger Russet Russet Burbank Russet Norkotah Shepody A A A T AO AO AOR KF CO RU CO RU CO RU CO RU COTX RuRE/Y COTX Ru TX Ru WSU staff, Josh Rodriguez and Francisco AtIlano, and PhD candidate Chandler Dolezal apply phosphorus treatments using custum made small plot equipment. The red circles indicate the banded fertilizer location Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 25 WSU Potato Research Group

28 ERT Fresh Value Process Value Figure 1 (Top). Difference in gross return per acre (Fresh Market) from Russet Norkotah calculated by subtracting the gross return of Russet Norkotah from the gross return of the particular entry. Entries with the white-colored bars may not appeal to fresh market consumers due to the undesirable shape or appearance. Figure 2 (Bottom). Difference in gross return per acre (Process Market) from Ranger Russet calculated by subtracting the gross return of Ranger Russet from the gross return of the particular entry Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 26 WSU Potato Research Group

29 Ranger Russet 2016 Early Harvest Regional Trial Tubers A CO RU COTX Ru ERT Russet Burbank A T CO RU TX Ru Russet Norkotah AO CO RU COTX RuRE/Y Shepody AO A AOR KF 2016 Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 27 WSU Potato Research Group

30 LRT 2016 Late Harvest Regional Trial Summaries TOTAL YIELD US # 1's* US # 2's* Culls* count US 1's and 2's ENTRY > 4 oz > 4 oz & < 4 oz CARTON YIELD (US 1's 7-18 oz) PROCESS YIELD CWT/A STATS** Tons/A % of Total Yield % of Total Yield Tons/A % of Total Yield Tons/A Ranger Russet 901 A Russet Burbank 734 DEF Russet Norkotah 696 EF A ABC A ABCD A T 688 EF AO BCDE AO DEF AOR KF 872 AB CO RU 642 F CO RU 876 AB CO RU 862 AB CO RU 721 DEF COTX RuRE/Y 782 BCDE COTX Ru 853 ABC TX Ru 754 CDE > 6 oz US # 1 YIELD > 4 oz INTERNAL DEFECTS (%) ENTRY > 4 oz > 4 oz 4-7 oz* 7-14 oz* > 14 oz* SPECIFIC (8-12 oz tubers) CWT/A STATS** Tons/A % GRAVITY % HH % BC % IBS Ranger Russet 788 A Russet Burbank 574 D Russet Norkotah 580 D A A A ABC A T 571 D AO ABC AO BCD AOR KF 790 A CO RU 347 E CO RU 790 A CO RU 720 ABC CO RU 625 CD COTX RuRE/Y 646 BCD COTX Ru 732 AB TX Ru 666 BCD * Percent values may not total 100% due to rounding SKIN TUBER 30 DAY 40 DAY 60 DAY STEMS PER AVERAGE TUBER SET SHAPE BRUISE (%) ENTRY STAND STAND STAND PLANT WEIGHT NUMBER 1 = Poor 1 = Round (8-12 oz tubers) % Emerged % Emerged % Emerged Above Ground Ounces Tubers/Plant 5 = Good 5 = Long BLACKSPOT SHATTER Ranger Russet Russet Burbank Russet Norkotah A A A T AO AO AOR KF CO RU CO RU CO RU CO RU COTX RuRE/Y COTX Ru TX Ru Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 28 WSU Potato Research Group

31 LRT Russet Burbank Healthy PVY: O PVY: NO Russet Norkotah PVY: NTN Healthy PVY: O PVY: NO PVY: NTN Clearwater Russet Healthy PVY: O PVY: NO PVY: NTN Early growth of three common varieties in the Columbia Basin that were included in the 2016 PVY Demo Trial in Othello Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 29 WSU Potato Research Group

32 LRT Fresh Value Process Value Figure 1 (Top). Difference in gross return per acre (Fresh Market) from Russet Norkotah calculated by subtracting the gross return of Russet Norkotah from the gross return of the particular entry. Entries with the white-colored bars may not appeal to fresh market consumers due to the undesirable shape or appearance. Figure 2 (Bottom). Difference in gross return per acre (Process Market) from Ranger Russet calculated by subtracting the gross return of Ranger Russet from the gross return of the particular entry Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 30 WSU Potato Research Group

33 Graduate Student Columbia Basin Tour Above/Right: Ed Schneider showed the group his harvesting operation in action. Left/Below: Warden Hutterian Brethren facilities Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 31 WSU Potato Research Group

34 LRT 2016 Late Harvest Regional Trial Tuber Yield and Specific Gravity Distributions 10 inch In-Row Spacing % of total yield Specific Gravity Note: Specific Gravity is based on a sample of U.S. #1 tubers within each size category Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 32 WSU Potato Research Group

35 2016 Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 33 WSU Potato Research Group LRT

36 LRT Tubers 48º F Storage 44º F Storage 40º F Storage 40º F Recon. Ranger Russet Russet Burbank A A A T 2016 Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 34 WSU Potato Research Group

37 Tubers 48º F Storage 44º F Storage 40º F Storage 40º F Recon. LRT AO AO AOR KF CO RU CO RU 2016 Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 35 WSU Potato Research Group

38 LRT Entries Retained from the 2015 Trials Currently in the Regional Trial Harvested fall of 2015 Held at 48 F until December 18 Stored at 44 F until analysis AO was the only clone advanced from the 2015 Tri-State Trial into the 2016 Regional Trial (Table 7B). Six clones were retained in the Regional Trial. When averaged across states, A (53.5 ref units), A (52.7) and AOR KF (51.4) produced the lightest fries. A and A also produced the lightest fries following long-term storage last year. Uniformity of fry color was unacceptable for the OR entries, A and AO At least one check from all three states also produced unacceptable stem to bud fry color differences. When grown in OR, all tubers of AO produced mottled fries. WA- and ID-grown samples of this clone also produced mottled fries, but at a somewhat lower frequency than OR samples. All entries sprouted over the 7-mo storage period. AOR KF had the shortest dormancy, producing the highest 3-state average sprout length of 7.5 inches. The most dormant entries were A T (2nd year) and AO , each with 0.5-inch-long sprouts. Advanced from 2015 Tri-State Trial. Date test performed: Washington May 5 Idaho May 5 Oregon May 4 PHOTOVOLT READING USDA % REDUCING SUGAR Sprouting Clone stem bud avg DIFF COLOR stem bud avg percent length (in.) Washington 1Ranger Russet Russet Burbank A A A T AO AO AOR KF CO RU LSD Average Idaho 1Ranger Russet Russet Burbank A A A T AO AO AOR KF CO RU LSD Average Oregon 1Ranger Russet Russet Burbank A A A T AO AO AOR KF CO RU LSD Average Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 36 WSU Potato Research Group

39 2016 Late Harvest Regional Trial Accumulated Total Postharvest Rating of Clones WA ID OR 3 State av. Rating Rating Rating Rating Clone Total Discard Total Discard Total Discard Total 4A AOR KF CO RU SG A AO SG, 40 F Ranger Russet F 24.2 SG, 40 F AO F CO RU A T F SG, 40 F Russet Burbank F SG, 40 F maximum rating possible = 38 Values for the indicated evaluation are lower than the rejection level. LRT 2016 WSU Othello Potato Field Day is attended by many growers and industry members each year Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 37 WSU Potato Research Group

40 LRT 2016 Late Harvest Regional Trial * * * Top: At-harvest and after-storage French fry colors (stem end) of clones in the Regional Trial. Tubers were stored for 60 days at 48, 44 and 40 F. The clones are ranked from best to worst based on fry color of the 44 F-stored tubers. High reflectance values indicate light colored fries. Bottom: Line graph depicting the effects of storage temperature on change in French fry processing quality (stem end fry color) of the most cold sweetening resistant (A , AOR KF, and A ) and susceptible (Russet Burbank) clones in the Regional Trial. *Indicates similar performance of the clones last year Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 38 WSU Potato Research Group

41 2016 Late Harvest Regional Trial LRT Tuber Shape and Associated French Fry Yields (8- to 10-oz Tubers) Length to width ratio Clone WA rtg ID rtg OR rtg 3 State Avg. 1 Ranger Russet Russet Burbank A A A T AO AO AOR KF CO RU CO RU Average French Fry Yield vs Tuber L/W 3 long (% by weight) % Length/Width Ratio % 83% 91% 95% % 3 inch waste 2016 Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 39 WSU Potato Research Group

42 TRI-STATE SPECIALTY 2016 Regional Red and Specialty Trial Summaries TOTAL YIELD US # 1's* US # 2's* Culls* EXTERNAL DEFECTS (%) SPECIFIC ENTRY > 0 oz > 0 oz > 0 oz Growth GRAVITY CWT/A Tons/A % of Total Yield Knobs Malformed Cracks Green Red Skin/White Flesh Chieftain Red-Purple/White Flesh COA RY Yellow Flesh Yukon Gold A Y A Y POR11PG POR11PG US # 1 YIELD INTERNAL DEFECTS (%) ENTRY 0-2 oz* 2-4 oz* 4-6 oz* 6-10 oz* > 10 oz* (6-10 oz tubers) CWT/A Tons/A % % HH % BC % IBS Red Skin/White Flesh Chieftain Red-Purple/White Flesh COA RY Yellow Flesh Yukon Gold A Y A Y POR11PG POR11PG SKIN TUBER SIZE SHAPE Length to SET SHAPE 50 DAY STEMS PER AVERAGE TUBER UNIFORMITY UNIFORMITY BRUISE (%) Width Ratio ENTRY 1 = Poor 1 = Round STAND PLANT WEIGHT NUMBER 1 = Poor 1 = Poor (6-10 oz tubers) 1 = Round 5 = Good 5 = Long % Emerged Above Ground Ounces Tubers/Plant 5 = Good 5 = Good BLACKSPOT SHATTER 2 = Oblong Red Skin/White Flesh Chieftain Red-Purple/White Flesh COA RY Yellow Flesh Yukon Gold A Y A Y POR11PG POR11PG * Percent values may not total 100% due to rounding 2016 Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 40 WSU Potato Research Group

43 TRI-STATE SPECIALTY Chipped: Aug. 25 Boiled: Aug. 23 Microwaved: Aug. 24 Baked: Aug. 24 Cooking Time: Aug. 20 Overall Culinary Evaluations Boiled Baked Microwaved Total Clone (25 max) (25 max) (25 max) (75 max) 5 A Y Chieftain COA RY POR11PG Yukon Gold A Y POR11PG Chipping and Boiling Evaluations (Chips) (BOILED Cooking Time) Av of 8 raters Time to Breakdown (min) Clone SFA Stem Bud Average 1 Chieftain COA RY Yukon Gold A Y A Y POR11PG POR11PG LSD 0.05 * Average *Differences between clones equal to or greater than the LSD 0.05 are significant. SFA 1 (lightest) to 5 (darkest) Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 41 WSU Potato Research Group

44 TRI-STATE SPECIALTY Tubers Chips Baked Boiled Microwaved Chieftain COA RY Yukon Gold A Y A Y 2016 Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 42 WSU Potato Research Group

45 Tubers Chips Baked Boiled Microwaved TRI-STATE SPECIALTY POR11PG20-2 POR11PG62-3 Left: Lisa Knowles speaks at the 2016 Field Day. Right: Mark Pavek, Rudy Garza and graduate student Francisco (Paco) Gonzalez adjusts a custom sprayer for post planting applications Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 43 WSU Potato Research Group

46 Index of Clones and Cultivars Early Harvest Tri-State Trial A A CSR A A A A BF A TE A VRsto A TE A TE AOR AOR AOR AOR Ranger Russet Russet Burbank Russet Norkotah Shepody Late Harvest Tri-State Trial A A CSR A A A A BF A TE A VRsto A TE A TE AOR AOR AOR AOR Ranger Russet Russet Burbank Russet Norkotah Early Harvest Regional Trial A A A T AO AO AOR KF CO RU CO RU CO RU CO RU COTX RuRE/Y COTX Ru Ranger Russet Russet Burbank Russet Norkotah Shepody TX Ru Late Harvest Regional Trial A A A T AO AO AOR KF CO RU CO RU CO RU CO RU COTX RuRE/Y COTX Ru Ranger Russet Russet Burbank Russet Norkotah TX Ru Tri-State Specialty Trial A Y A Y Chieftain COA RY POR11PG20-2 POR11PG62-3 Yukon Gold 2016 Potato Cultivar Evaluations-Grower s Edition 44 WSU Potato Research Group