Field Testing of A/C Technology Options:

Transcription

1 Field Testing of A/C Technology Options: Lessons Learned in Samoa Dilip R. Limaye Regional Energy Efficiency Workshop Samoa, March

2 Importance of A/C in Samoa Air conditioning represents about 50% of the energy consumption in government buildings and contributes about 40% of peak load Most air conditioners in government buildings are standard split units that have rated EERs in the range of 2.3 to 2.9. For older units, the EER may be even lower. Improving the efficiency of air conditioners therefore is a high priority in Samoa. 2

3 Efficient A/C Technologies Existing A/Cs in government buildings: EER 2.3 to 2.9 Inverter A/Cs: EER Solar Hybrid A/Cs: EER 3.4 to 3.8 Smart Controllers for Existing A/Cs: Improvement 10 to 30 % 3

4 Inverter Technology Traditional ACs regulate temperature by using a compressor that is either working at maximum capacity or switched off entirely. Inverter-ACs have a variable-frequency drive with an adjustable electrical inverter to control the motor speed and the compressor and cooling output. 4

5 Inverter A/Cs 5

6 Testing of Inverter A/Cs Testing of inverter A/Cs conducted by Australia Pacific Technical College (APTC) in two locations: National University of Samoa Ministry of Natural Resources & Environment - Weather Station 6

7 Testing at NUS NUS Mon pm NUS Tues PM % % Amps 50.00% 0.00% NUS Mon pm 50.00% 0.00% 13:01 13:51 14:41 15:31 16:21 17:11 18:01 18:51 19:41 20:31 21:21 22:11 23:01 23:51 13:01 13:56 14:51 15:46 16:41 17:36 18:31 19:26 20:21 21:16 22:11 23:06 Amps NUS Tues PM 7

8 Test Results - NUS NUS - Staff room Unit Running Amps Run time/24hrs Cost/day Cost/year Capital Cost Polar Air KF70GW/BC 7.0KW Panasonic CSS24MKH 6.5KW ,720 2, ,380 5,900 Cost saving/year 2,340 Capital difference 3,501 Payback period 18 months 8

9 Testing at MNRE Weather Station 9

10 Test Results - MNRE Unit Polar Air KF66GW/BC 6.6KW Daikin FTKS60LVMA 7.1KW Running Amps Run time/24hrs MNRE Cost/day Cost/year Capital costs ,983 2, ,946 5,900 Cost saving/year 3,037 Capital difference 3,501 Payback period 14 months 10

11 Solar Hybrid A/C A solar hybrid air conditioner uses solar energy as a supplement to electric power to increase the efficiency of air conditioning. Solar hybrid A/C units manufactured in China are available in the PDMCs and have been installed in a hotel in Vanuatu The PEEP2 project has assessed the current status and prepared a report on technology assessment of energy efficient technologies for the Pacific Island nations. Results indicated that solar hybrid air conditioners may be 25 to 35% more efficient. Limited data available on performance in the Pacific Islands 11

12 Solar Hybrid A/C 12

13 Solar Hybrid A/C 13

14 Testing of Solar Hybrid A/C Test unit installed at Mapuifagalele Little Sisters of the Poor old age home Measurements conducted using data logger for one month Energy savings of 34% recorded 14

15 Smart Controller Decreases the A/C energy consumption by reducing the run times on the A/C compressor. It has embedded in it smart technology to analyze the temperature of the unit and control its operation to prevent overcooling. The smart controller contains software that can be continually and dynamically applied to any cooling unit during its operation. 15

16 Testing of Smart Controllers Smart Controllers (3) obtained from a supplier Installed at 3 locations Measurements with data logger over 2 weeks Varying levels of savings recorded from 3% to 34% Low savings for undersized A/Cs that run 100% of the time; high savings for variable loads and oversized A/Cs Low cost of equipment provides attractive paybacks (<2.5 years) even with 5% savings 16

17 Design of Demonstration Project Grant from ADB/GEF for equipment : Government buildings 100% Private Sector (Hotels) 50% Installation costs paid by recipient Disposal of replaced A/Cs with recovery of refrigerant (by MNRE) Measurement and Verification by PEEP2 team 17

18 Inverter A/Cs Government Buildings Agency Number of Units by Capacity 2.6 kw 3.5 kw 5.3 kw 7.0 kw Total Little Sisters Of The Poor National Health Service National University of Samoa SNPF Builidng Total

19 Projected Energy Savings Government Agency Number of Existing A/Cs Existing EER Baseline Energy (kwh) Inverter EER Inverter Energy (kwh) Savings (kwh) % Savinga Mapufagalale - Little Sisters of the Poor National Health Service National University of Samoa Samoa National Provident Fund , ,411 18, % , ,002 15, % , ,981 10, % , ,382 6, % Total , ,776 50, % 19

20 Inverter A/Cs - Hotels Hotel Number of Units by Capacity 2.6 kw 3.5 kw 5.3 kw 7.0 kw Total Pacific Pearl Vaisala Total Hotel Number of Existing A/Cs Baseline Energy (kwh) Inverter Energy (kwh) Savings (kwh) % Savinga Pacific Pearl 17 44,498 33,432 11, % Vaisala 11 16,546 11,396 5, % Total 28 61,043 44,828 16, % 20

21 Solar Hybrid A/Cs Agency Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MNRE) Scientific Research Organization of Samoa (SROS) Number of Units by Capacity 2.6 kw 3.5 kw 5.3 kw 7.0 kw Total Total

22 Projected Energy Savings Government Agency Number of Existing A/Cs Existing EER Baseline Energy (kwh) Solar Hybrid EER Solar Hybrid Energy (kwh) Savings (kwh) % Savinga Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MNRE) Scientific Research Organization of Samoa (SROS) , ,651 7, % , ,443 15, % Total 11-78,666 55,094 23, % 22

23 Smart Controllers 20 smart controllers procured Installations in 2 government agencies National University of Samoa (NUS) Samoa National Provident Fund (SNPF) Building To maximize savings, controllers were installed where the A/C was oversized or when there was a considerable change in the cooling load during the day or season 23

24 Project Cost A/C in Government Buildings Supply and delivery of: 46 Inverter A/C units... $57, Solar Hybrid Units...,.. $21, Smart Controllers... $ 5, Energy Meters... $ 1,500 The requested total ADB contribution... $ 84,647 Costs of installation and disposal to scrappage facility; and removal of refrigerant... $15,320 Total Cost $99,967 24

25 Impacts and Benefits Impacts Total electricity savings (end-use level): 79,526 kwh/year EPC generation savings: 96,629 kwh/year EPC diesel savings: 25,563 litres/year GHG emission reduction (CO2e/year): 77.3 tons Total Cost. $99,967 Expected Savings. $35,787 Simple Payback. 2.8 years 25

26 Summary of Hotels Project Overall project cost: US$37,820 Total electricity savings/year (end-use): US$ 7,297 EPC generation savings (kwh/year): 96,629 EPC diesel savings (Litres/year): 25,563 GHG emission reduction (CO2e/year ): 77.3 tons Simple Payback Period (years): 5.2 years Payback based on ADB Costs: 2.6 years Payback to Pacific Pearl Hotel: 2.9 years Payback to Vaisala Hotel : 2.1 years 26

27 Concluding Remarks Efficient air conditioning technologies are available and cost effective Testing of all 3 technologies provided positive results Substantial energy and economic benefits can be achieved Preliminary M&V results: Inverter savings appear to be higher than estimates Solar A/c savings appear to be lower Smart controller measurements in progress Detailed M&V results will be available by April

28 Thank You Dilip R. Limaye