Effects of Buffer Friction on the Vehicle Behavior in Switch Series

Transcription

1 Effects of Buffer Friction on the Vehicle Behavior in Switch Series Dipl.-Ing. Claudia Kossmann Stadler Altenrhein AG (Switzerland) Dipl.-Ing. Karl Tillmetz Stadler Bussnang AG (Switzerland) SIMPACK User Meeting 2014

2 Shunting Locomotive Eem 923 On Track soon Claudia Kossmann SIMPACK User Meeting

3 Shunting Locomotive Eem 923 Introduction 2-frequency Hybrid Locomotive BUTLER with Electric and Diesel power Ordered by SBB Cargo for Cargo- and Shunting-Services Maximum speed 120 km/h Weight t Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting

4 Shunting Locomotive Eem 923 Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting

5 Switch Series Simulation and Measurement Requirement: Tests in Switch Series (SBB Infra R I-50007) Evaluation of ΣY forces (also Y max, Q max and Y/Q) Comparison with s-variable limit value for Standard Switches (R min = 185 m) Double-Slip Switches (R min = 160 m) Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting

6 Switch Series Simulation of S-curves Loco Eem 923 in combination with standard coach EW IV on reference track Lausanne Main Station Effect of traction forces (Push/Pull: -150 / 0 / +150 kn) leading loco v=const. trailing loco with max. traction force 2x R160 2x R185 Sophisticated Coupling and Buffer model Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting

7 Coupling and Buffer Real Screw Coupling built up of several elements Buffer Contact as convex Plate (R ~ 1.5 m) with Slip Surface Steel (greased) Plastic inlay (low friction) Coupler absorber elements Elastomer pads e.g. Miner ST-9-2/170,... Buffer absorber elements Steel friction (conical rings) e.g. Ringfeder BLS110,... Elastomer pads e.g. Miner T-63-10/417,... Coupler absorber End Stop Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting Buffer Rod Hook Nut R End Stops Spindle (+Lever) Nut L Link Buffer absorber Hook convex Buffer Plate with Slip Surface

8 Coupling and Buffer model Buffer surface modelled as Spherical Buffer Contact (MM-100, FE-018) with friction (FE-100) Both Coupler and Buffer Absorber modelled as Hysteresis Elements (FE-104+FE-018) Measured characteristics for compression and expansion (could be improved with more capable force element) Mechanical end stops (Buffer) (additional damping needed due to high ratio of stiffness to mass) Pre-stressed initial state * Minimal space for shunter (in German: Berner Raum) Bern Rectangle* no end stop (dip) end stop Buffer characteristic (pressure) Buffer Plate Contact+Friction Coupling characteristic (tension) Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting

9 Coupling and Buffer substructure: Pre-stressed initial state Initial screw-in of Coupling Spindle normally ~ 3 turns* (dx = 42 mm) Pressure forces on all 4 Buffer Plate Bushes Tension forces on both Coupling Bushes Screw Coupling assumed to be stretched and stiff Pre-calculation of initial displacements to get the correct working point in between both hysteresis curves (depending on combination of Buffer and Coupling Bush characteristics) Buffer Plate Bush Coupling Spindle Coupling Bush Compensation of the initial displacement inside the substructure to keep nominal car lengths of the connected wagons (wagons can be placed on track in a nominal s-position) * in Swiss German drü Chäs [drɥ xæs] (literal interpretation: three cheeses ) Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting

10 Switch Series Simulation / Buffer Model Animation 2x R185 2x R160 Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting

11 Switch Series Measurements in Lausanne (SBB I-AT-FBI-IA-TNZ) Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting

12 4+ Switch Series Measurements Measured quantities for evaluation of running safety in switches Sum Y-Forces: measured by instrumented wheelset Lateral displacements of primary suspension dy ~ ΣY Fahrtrichtung vorwärts Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting

13 Switch Series Measurement Results Comparison of measured and simulated lateral displacement trailing wheelset leading wheelset Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting

14 Switch Series Measurement Results Consideration of friction between buffers trailing wheelset leading wheelset Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting

15 Switch Series Measurement Results Asymmetric behaviour caused by different surface material of Coach EW IV: - one buffer with steel - one buffer with plastic plate Consideration of different friction coefficients in model Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting

16 Switch Series Measurement Results Consideration of different friction coefficients trailing wheelset leading wheelset Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting

17 Switch Series Buffer surfaces High friction effects with steel to steel contact Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting

18 Switch Series Buffer surfaces Friction reduction with plastic plates Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting

19 Conclusions Sophisticated buffer model used for simulation of running behaviour in switch series Comparison of simulation and measurement showed that wheel-rail-forces highly depend on friction between buffers SIMPACK simulation helped to evaluate the friction coefficient and to optimise the buffer surface of the shunting locomotive Eem 923 Claudia Kossmann, Karl Tillmetz SIMPACK User Meeting