Design Calculation and Verification using SIMPACK Wheel/Rail

Transcription

1 Design Calculation and Verification using SIMPACK Wheel/Rail Bombardier Transportation, Site Winterthur Business Unit Bogies Competent for Single Axle Running Gears Bogies for Regional Trains Bogies for Locomotives Bogies for Intercity Trains Using SIMPACK for projects since April

2 NSB EMU Class 72: Regional Train with Single Axle Running Gears MB EAF EAF EAF MB Motor bogie (MB) Coupled single axle running gears (EAF) NSB EMU Class 72: Running quality calculations with elastic carbody structure by INTEC GmbH in 1999 By practicable changes on the carbody and on the bogies the spectra of the carbody accelerations were improved Results of the Running Quality Type Test in Norway (Summer 21) show good agreement with simulation results Original spectrum of vertical carbody accelerations Improved spectrum of vertical carbody accelerations

3 Light Rail Transit Car GTW 2/6 Southern New Jersey Transit Bogies based on LVT 646 (DB AG) and GTW Hessische Landesbahn Trailer bogie new designed to enable running through 4 m curves Light Rail Transit Car GTW 2/6 Southern New Jersey Transit SIMPACK Model: Articulated vehicle (3 carbodies) Motor bogie under Power Unit 2 trailer bogies with smaller wheels Used Force Elements: Spring-Damper Elements (parallel, seriell) Friction Element

4 Light Rail Transit Car GTW 2/6 Southern New Jersey Transit Stability Analysis: Parameter Variation with linearized wheel/rail contact: Not possible with two wheelset types Stability investigation with linear wheel/rail contact in time domain with friction element Simulation with track irregularities and high conicity Evaluation of lateral acceleration at the bogie frames Lateral displacement [mm] Acceleration [m/s 2 ] Wheelset 2 (TRL) 5% damping v=115 km/h (71.5 mph) Critical Speed [km/h] trailer truck D=% trailer truck D=% motor truck Vlimit=16 km/h=66 mph Lateral displacement [mm] Chart of Stability Vehicle Tare Weight Wheelset 2 (TRL) % damping v=137 km/h (85 mph) Conicity l D=5% trailer truck D=5% motor truck motor truck Lateral acceleration at truck frame above axlebox 1 (TRL) Critical Speed [mph] Light Rail Transit Car GTW 2/6 Southern New Jersey Transit Calculation of forces for fatigue investigation, e.g.: Simulation of curving through 4 m curve Evaluation of forces relevant for structural mechanics FEM calculation

5 Light Rail Transit Car GTW 2/6 Southern New Jersey Transit Sidewind Analysis Evidence that Q > and Y/Q below the limit value for: the narrowest curve Running with maximum speed on straight track with irregularities Running slowly through a curve with maximum superelevation CP 2: Regional Train with Jacobs Bogies Simulation model made by INTEC GmbH in 2 Modification of the simulation model and Running Quality Calculations by Bombardier Transportation (Switzerland) in Pratteln Eigenvalue and Stability calculations by Bombardier Transportation (Switzerland) in Winterthur Dynamic simulation project at different sites with SIMPACK practicable

6 SIMPACK Lok-Pool Complete parameterization of Locomotives models: BR 145 BR 146 BR 11 Blue Tiger BR 128 (12X) Substructures: Parameters: Bogies and Carbodies mass properties, marker position, stiffness and damping values BR 128 (Lok 12X) Co-Simulation with MATLAB SIMULINK SIMPACK model originated from completely parameterised BR 146 model substructures: bogies and carbody adaptation to 12X data

7 Detailed drive model - Hollow shaft - Gear wheel - Pinion and Rotor - Motor and gearbox Lateral motor damper Motor suspension at cross beam Hollow shaft Motor and gear box (Wire frame) Rotor and pinion Gear wheel Gear box suspension at head beam Coupling between gear wheel and hollow shaft Wheelset with torsional-elastic axle Left wheel Coupling between wheel and hollow shaft Eigenmodes of drive Rattern (21.7 Hz) Rollieren (49.2 Hz) Hollow shaft Torsional stiffness of wheelset shaft Right wheel

8 Necessity of extension of wheel/rail contact model Creep force Vehicle Dynamics dry wet Creep force Drive Dynamics dry wet User routine for the friction law of wheel/rail contact force Creep Slip velocity Possible for use in vehicle dynamics (small creep) Used for longitudinal and lateral directions Function of creep Necessary for drive dynamics (large creep - slip) Usually used only for longitudinal direction Function of slip velocity Approximation of measured creep force function Evaluation of maximum friction coefficient µ ratio of µ (limit friction coefficient at infinity slip velocity) to µ coefficient of exponential friction decrease Kalker factor in area of adhesion Kalker faktor in area of slip adhesion coefficient Measurement with 12X (watered rail) 4 km/h, Approximation 4 km/h, Measurement 2 km/h, Approximation 2 km/h, Measurement 6 km/h, Approximation 6 km/h, Measurement creep [%]

9 Implementation of mechanical model in SIMULINK control SIMPACK output: Rotating speed of rotor 3 Rotating speed of rotor 4 Velocity SIMPACK input: Driving torque of rotor 3 Driving torque of rotor Torque [Nm] Simulation results: Starting up on straight track with variable friction coefficient -2' -4' -6' -8' -1' -12' Driving torques Driving torque 3 Driving torque 4 Desired torque mue Velocity [m/s] Friction coefficient Distance [m] Vehicle velocity left rail right rail

10 Simulation results: Starting up on straight track with variable friction coefficient 35' 3' Longitudinal creep forces Force [N] 25' 2' 15' 1' Creep 5' Tx3 r Tx3 l Tx4 r Tx4 l Longitudinal creep sx3 r sx3 l sx4 r sx4 l Creep force ratio T/N Longitudinal creep force / Normal force Tx4 l / N4 l Tx4 r / N4 r Creep Simulation results: Starting up on straight track followed by curving Comparison with measurements with 12X (Kanderviadukt, Aug. 21) 2' 15' Forces in axle rods (difference right-left) 3m right curve 385m left curve 29m right curve Force [N] 1' 5' -5' -1' -15' -2' Fx3 measured Fx4 measured Fx3 calc. Fx4 calc Distance [m]

11 Present and further activities 4 System Locomotive: New bogies based on BR 145/146: Unsuspended Drive Suspended Drive Each variation with or without coupling system for radial steering Co-simulation: Getting more experience using SIMAT Building up additional know-how Applying co-simulation in further fields of bogie engineering