Bio-fuels : OMCs Learning & Perspective
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1 Bio-fuels : OMCs Learning & Perspective By: Subodh Kumar, GM I/c (AE&SD), IOCL
2 Outline Need for Biofuels in India OMCs Learning & Perspectives Ethanol Blending in India Bio-diesel Blending in India Waste to Fuel Way Forward
3 Need for Biofuels Crude Oil Import Crude Ol Import Production: 36.9 MMT Import: MMT ( Rs 4.2 Lakh Crore) Production: 37.5 MMT Import: MMT ( Rs 687, 369 Cr) Increase in demand of Fossil Fuels Increase in Green House Gas Emission Imperative need for Renewable Energy like Bio Fuels Economic and Environmental Issues to drive Bio Fuel Usage Source: PPAC
4 Bio-diesel Blending in India
5 Chronology & Key Milestones 2002 Joint initiative by IOC & Railway for pilot project of Jatropha plantation on 500 hectares of Railway land 2005 Bio-diesel Purchase Policy by MoPNG for procurement of B100 by OMCs at a uniform price at 20 purchase centres Biodiesel JVs incorporated by OMCs for Plantation of Jatropha, Pongamia etc. National Policy on Biofuels : 20% ethanol blending by 2017 Target achieved : negligible Exemption of Excise Duty on Bio-diesel (B 100) and its blend up to 20% by volume with normal HSD Announcement for usage of Bio-diesel upto 5% of total fuel consumption of Indian Railway Union Cabinet decided to allow Bio-diesel (B-100) sales by OMCs and private players Inception of Bio-diesel blending in the country
6 HSD & Bio-diesel Demand Projection HSD (Diesel) Projection Bio-diesel Demand for Blending 10%) Quantity in TKL Quantity in TKL Source: Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell and In-house projections
7 Bio-diesel Blending & Supply Issues Procurement HSD Industry Sale (TKL) Bio-diesel (B 100) 5% (TKL) B100 Supply/ Procurement (TKL) Blending Target Achieved (%) 88,330 4, Supply Issues Bio-diesel production from domestic non-edible oil seeds is not viable Low seed yield of existing Jatropha plantations under wasteland conditions Absence of High Yield Varieties (HYVs) Higher plantation maintenance cost Non availability of wastelands on commercial scale Current Production Scenario Annual production capacity MMT Major feedstock - Palm Stearin Capacity Utilization - very limited No direct linkage between Crude Palm Oil & Crude Oil import price Taxation and storage issues
8 Bio-diesel : Way forward First generation biodiesel projects (Jatropha plantation and other Tree- Borne Oilseed crops): - subject to development of High Yielding Varieties (HYVs) - Limited contribution due to inherent issues i.e. huge wasteland land requirement, supplemental irrigation, harvesting etc. Key drivers - Policy framework along with suitable infrastructure development : - Necessary infrastructure already developed by 5% Bio-diesel Blending Commercially viable next generation Biofuels - May change Bio-diesel landscape in the future
9 Ethanol Blending in India
10 EBP: Chronology & Key Milestones 2002 Inception with non mandatory targets Rates determined through tenders; did not take off 2007 Mandatory target : 5% ethanol blending with Gasoline With fixed Ethanol procurement price : INR per litre EBP National Policy on Biofuels : 20% ethanol blending by 2017 Target achieved less than 2% Fixed provisional ex-factory price of INR 27 per litre Expert Committee formed for final ethanol pricing policy Directives for upto 10 % blending; overall 5% blending target Ethanol production only from indigenous molasses Market driving pricing of ethanol through tenders Revised Price Mechanism Fixed delivered ethanol price ; INR per litre Ethanol Blending Achieved : 3%
11 Gasoline & Ethanol Demand Projection Gasoline Projection Ethanol Demand For Blending 10%) Quantity in TKL Quantity in TKL Source: Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell and In-house projections
12 Ethanol Blending & Supply Issues Ethanol Blending Ethanol Supplies (TKL) Blend rate (%) Ethanol Supply Issues 0.00 Feedstock Availability (Molasses) Single feedstock & no uniform availability across the country Sugarcane as water intensive crop Next generation Ethanol - no commercial scale production State wise policies and duty structure for Ethanol Restriction on movement of Ethanol across states Competitive usage by Potable & Chemical Industries Total Production: 2600 TKL Industrial Consump tion, 22% Potable Liquor, 43% Blendin g with Gasolin e, 35% Necessary infrastructure available with 10% blending
13 Waste to Fuel
14 Indian Perspective Total urban MSW : 62 MMT/ annum o Waste Collection : 68% Organic Waste : 51% Inert & Non Organic : 32% Recyclable : 17% Number of Waste to Fuel Plants Pelletization, 29 Waste to Energy, 8 MSW Treated & processed : 10 MMT/ annum Bio-gas plant, 172 Composting, 279 Projected MSW 2031 : 165 MMT/ annum Potential Bio-gas : 3 MMT/annum RDF : 32 TMT ( 5 MW x 88 power plants) Vermi- Compost, 138
15 Waste : Revenue Streams Biomethanation Compost Bio-gas Combustible RDF Waste collection & segregation Brick making Plastic Waste to Fuel Oil Recyclables
16 Swatch Bharat: Waste to Energy at Varanasi Integrated 200 Tonnes/day plant Expected Commissioning July 17 Waste Receipt & Segregation by VMC Organic Waste Anaerobic Digester Bio-fertilizer Bio-gas Bio-gas storage H 2 S & CO 2 separators Bio gas generator for captive power Bio-CNG Bio-CNG compressor Plastic, paper, cloth Briquetting Refuse Derived Fuel Decentralized Waste to fuel plants under CSR 10 x 5 TPD Produce : Bio-gas (generate electricity for street lamps) & compost Expected Commissioning : July 16
17 Thank You.
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