Impact of Aviation on The Environment

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Oswin Jeffrey Logan
5 years ago
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1 Reducing Environmental Impact With New Technology: The PW Geared Turbofan TM Engine Alan Epstein Vice President Technology & Environment ACI Environmental Affairs Conference Denver, May 2008 Impact of Aviation on The Environment ~40,000 ft (12-17 km) Stratosphere: NO x Ozone Layer Change Halogens Troposphere: ~3,000 ft (1000m) CO 2 NO x H 2 O Particulates Climate Change Ground Level: NO x O 3 Local Air Quality Particulates Noise 1

Aviation s Runway to an Improved Environment

Products Maintenance New Fuel Improved Flight

temperature margin up to 15ºC Engines washed

2 Aviation s Runway to an Improved Environment New Engines & Aircraft Upgrades of Existing Products Maintenance New Fuel Improved Flight Operations EcoPower Engine Wash Flight-line, closed-loop process in under 90 minutes EcoPower engine water wash reduces fuel burn up to 1.2% and increases engine exhaust gas temperature margin up to 15ºC Engines washed twice per year lower a wide body aircraft's average CO 2 emissions by as much as 750 tonnes annually 2

Evolution in By-Pass Ratio & Efficiency Turbojet Turbofans Low bypass Turbofans High bypass Lower fuel consumption so -Lower CO 2 - Lower NO x - Lower Cost Ultra high bypass 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990

3 Evolution in By-Pass Ratio & Efficiency Turbojet Turbofans Low bypass Turbofans High bypass Lower fuel consumption so -Lower CO 2 - Lower NO x - Lower Cost Ultra high bypass Engine certification date Innovative New Engine Designs Geared Turbofan engine benefits Fuel burn improvement greater than 12% CO 2 emissions reduced by 1500 Tonnes per aircraft per year NOx emissions cut in half Noise levels of Stage 4 minus 20 db 1,500 fewer airfoils Much lower maintenance cost $1.5M annual cost savings per aircraft Gear The Comprehensive Approach to Economic and Environmental Operation 3

4 Fan Drive Gear System Simple Design Extraordinary Reliability 30,000 hp gear Gear Test Rig 40,000 equivalent take-offs to date with no significant wear GTF Engine Looks Different Ultra-high efficiency, low noise fan V2500 GTF Demo Engine 4

5 GTF Engine the Result of 20 Years of Technology 40K Demo engine 11K Demo engine 30K Flight demo Thrust in thousands of pounds (K) Flight weight design Gear Test Rigs 30K Ground demo GTF Engine Flight Test 747SP Flying Test Bed Ground test November SP 1 st flight 2008 A st flight

Geared Turbofan Engines Slow CO 2 Increase Cuts the Growth in CO 2 by 1/3 over 10 Years Change Over 10 years 150% Ops Increase Current Fleet 55% 55% GTF Fleet 36% 100% Operations CO2 / Fuel Burn CO2

6 Geared Turbofan Engines Slow CO 2 Increase Cuts the Growth in CO 2 by 1/3 over 10 Years Change Over 10 years 150% Ops Increase Current Fleet 55% 55% GTF Fleet 36% 100% Operations CO2 / Fuel Burn CO2 / Fuel Burn GTF Engine Significantly Reduces NO x PW TALON X Combustor 55% below CAEP/6 NO x Standard NO x (kg per LTO* Cycle per aircraft) > 60% reduction 0 Average of Current Production 150 PAX Aircraft * LTO = Landing / Takeoff Cycle, ICAO Times in Mode PW GTF Powered Next Gen 150 PAX aircraft 6

GTF Engine Significantly Reduces Community Noise LaGuardia Noise Footprint LaGuardia

Potential Benefits to Much Lower Noise Lower Noise Fees Direct Flight Paths Curfew

Two New Airplanes Exclusive power for the next generation Mitsubishi MRJ Bombardier

7 GTF Engine Significantly Reduces Community Noise LaGuardia Noise Footprint LaGuardia Noise Footprint Existing turbofan Geared Turbofan TM Engine (77% reduction) Potential Benefits to Much Lower Noise Lower Noise Fees Direct Flight Paths Curfew Extensions 2-3% Reduction in COC Source: Wyle Lab Analyses GTF Engine Selected for Two New Airplanes Exclusive power for the next generation Mitsubishi MRJ Bombardier CSeries Bombardier and CSeries are registered trademarks of Bombardier Inc. or its subsidiaries 7

Pratt & Whitney s Geared Turbofan Engine Fuel burn Emissions Noise Operating Costs The Comprehensive Economic and

You may not possess, use, copy, or disclose this document or any information in it, for any purpose, including without

8 Pratt & Whitney s Geared Turbofan Engine Fuel burn Emissions Noise Operating Costs The Comprehensive Economic and Environmental Solution This document is the property of United Technologies Corporation (UTC). You may not possess, use, copy, or disclose this document or any information in it, for any purpose, including without limitation to design, manufacture, or repair parts, or to obtain FAA or other government approval to do so, without UTC s express written permission. Neither receipt nor possession of this document alone, from any source, constitutes such permission. Possession, use, copying, or disclosure by anyone without UTC s express permission is not authorized and may result in criminal and/or civil liability. 8

Engines for Green Aviation s Future

Engines for Green Aviation s Future Alan Epstein Vice President, Technology & Environment Pratt & Whitney EcoAviation Washington, June 2010 Evolution in By-Pass Ratio, Efficiency, & Noise Turbojets Turbofans