Development of 5 Parallel Engines for Wear Analysis

Transcription

1 Development of 5 Parallel Engines for Wear Analysis Mohamad Nabil Qayyum Bin Roslee (MH13032) Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP) Malaysia, nabilqayyum94@gmail.com ABSTRACT This project is to design and develop 5 parallel engines for wear analysis and to observe the defect on the piston. Single-cylinder engine is chosen as the tester engine for this project. Single-cylinder engine e is a basic piston engine configuration of an internal combustion engine. It is often seen on motorcycles, auto rickshaws, motor scooters, mopeds, dirt bikes, go-karts, radio-controlled models, and has many uses in portable tools and garden machinery. It has been used in automobiles and tractors. Single-cylinder engines are simple and compact, and will often deliver the maximum power possible within a given envelope. Purpose of design and develop this project is to test the performance of 5 engines which running in parallel and analysis the fuel consumption of 5 parallel engines by experiment testing. The results will be discussed and analyzed after the experiment testing Keywords: 5 Parallel Engines, Wear analysis, Defect, Piston INTRODUCTION Nowadays, world is concerned about the reduction of energy consumption for the purpose of save energy and save the Earth. Engine is widely used in many applications such as automotive car. To improve the performance of the engine and reduce the energy consumption of those applications, engineers are working hard on finding method to solve this problem. A design and develop on 5 parallel engines for wear analysis is carried out to reduce the energy fuel consumption and increase the performance of the engines.

2 Purpose of this project to test the mechanical knowledge of students, and make use the knowledge to design and development a 5 parallel engines for reduce its energy consumption by saving fuels consumption and increase its performance. The objectives of this project are to design and develop a complex mechanical system and components and to analysis the fuel consumption of 5 parallel engines by experiment. So the scope for this project are to design and develop experimental test rig with 5 parallel engines, to analyze each engines performances after running at various time and to observe the wall of combustion chambers specifically the wear effect after running all the engines. Next, for the literature review, diesel cycle is a combustion process of a reciprocating internal combustion engines. In the engines, fuel is ignited by heat generated during the compression of air in the combustion chamber, into which fuel is then injected. The diesel internal combustion engine differs from the gasoline powered. Otto cycle by using a higher compression of the fuel to ignite the fuel rather than using a spark lug which "compression ignition" rather than "spark ignition". The ideal air-standard cycle is modelled as a reversible adiabatic compression followed by a constant pressure combustion process, then an adiabatic expansion as a power stroke and an isovolumetric exhaust. Figure 1 shows the schematics diagram of single cylinder engine. The engine is running with single cylinder or piston for internal combustion. Figure 2.1: Schematics diagram of single cylinder engine

3 A single-cylinder engine is a basic piston engine configuration of an internal combustion engine. It is often seen on motorcycles, auto rickshaws, motor scooters, mopeds, dirt bikes, go-karts, radio-controlled models, and has many uses in portable tools and garden machinery. It has been used in automobiles and tractors. Single-cylinder engines are simple and compact, and will often deliver the maximum power possible within a given envelope. Cooling is simpler than with multiple cylinders, potentially saving further weight, especially if air cooling can be used. Single-cylinder engines are simple and economical in construction. The vibration they generate is acceptable in many applications, while less acceptable in others. Counterbalance shafts and counterweights can be fitted but such complexities tend to counter the previously listed advantages. Components such as the crankshaft of a single-cylinder engine have to be nearly as strong as that in a multi-cylinder engine of the same capacity per cylinder, meaning that some parts are effectively four times heavier than they need to be for the total displacement of the engine. The single-cylinder engine will almost inevitably develop a lower power-to-weight ratio than a multi-cylinder engine of similar technology. This can be a disadvantage in mobile operations, although it is of little significance in others and in most stationary applications. Figure 2 shows the sample of engines of lawn mower. The engine of lawn mower is a single cylinder engine.

4 Figure 2.2: Engine of lawn mower CONCLUSION As a conclusion wear and friction does occur and effect differently depending on the time taken when running the respective engines. Based on this project, it is clearly observed that engine 4 has the greater impact of wear compare to the others.

5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to express their gratitude to University Malaysia Pahang (UMP) for the support and guidance during writing this report. REFERENCES [1] J. Heywood, Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals, McGraw-Hill, Sigapore,1988. [2] S. Hotti and O. Hebbal, "Performance and Combustion Characteristics of Single Cylinder Diesel Engine Running on Karanja Oil/Diesel Fuel Blends," Engineering,Vol. 3 No. 4, 2011, pp doi: /eng [3]Yunus A. Cengel, Michael A. Boles, "Thermodynamics," McGraw-Hill, Seventh Edition in SI units. [4] A. R.Wargante, Dr. S. S. Gawade, "International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology", Vol.2 - Issue 7 (July ) [5] W.Pulkrabek, Engineering Fundamentals of the Internal Combustion Engine, 2nd ed., Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prenntice-Hall, [6] H.McIntosh."Jumbo Jet." 10 Outstanding Achievements Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Engineering, 1989, pp [7] W.Siuru.''Single-stroke Engines: Cleaner and Meaner." Mechanical Engineering. June 1990, pp [8] V. D. Chase. Propfans: A New Twist Propeller. Mechanical Engineering, November 1986, pp [9] M.M.Noor1, K.Kadirgama1, R.Devarajan1, M.R.M.Rejab1, N.M.Zuki N.M.1, T.F.Yusaf2 Development of A High Pressure Compressed Natural Gas Mixer for A 1.5 Litre CNG-Diesel Dual Engine [10] Burkimsher, P. C. (1983). PRISM: A DSM Multiprocessor Reduction Machine for the Parallel Implementation of Applicative Languages. Proceedings of the Declarative Programming Workshop at University College, London, April [11] W. Bibel, K Aspetsberger, Parallel inference Machines, 1983, pp [12] Grit, D. H., Page, R. L. (I980). Performance of a Multiprocessor for Applicative Programs. PerJbrmance '80, Toronto, May [13] Hierata, K., et al. (1983). An Efficient Processing Method of Structured Data on the Highly Parallel Inference Engine PIE. EICEJ Technical Group Meeting EC 83-38, Japan, [14] Ito, N., Masuda, Y. (1983). Parallel Inference Machine Based on the Data Flow Model. Tech. Rep. TR-033, ICOT, [15] Gregory, S. (1984). The PARLOG Compiler and Abstract Machine. Imperial College, London, to Appear. [16] E. Usui and K. Hoshi, Proc. Int. Production Engineering Research Conf., A.S.M.E., Pittsburgh, 1963, pp [17] L. E. Samuels, Metailographicai Polishing by Mechanical Methods, Pitman, London,1971. [18] N.Saravanan and G.Nagarajan, Experimental investigation in optimizing the hydrogen fuel on a hydrogen diesel dual-fuel engine, International Journal of Energy and Fuels, Volume 23, pp , [19] Das.L.M, Fuel induction techniques for a hydrogen operated engine, Hydrogen fuel for surface transportation, published by Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc U.S.A: pp , [20] N.Saravanan and G.Nagarajan, An insight on hydrogen fuel injection techniques with SCR system for NOX reduction in a hydrogen diesel dual fuel engine, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Volume 34, pp , [21] National hydrogen energy roadmap pathway for transition to hydrogen energy for India (2007), National hydrogen energy board, Ministry of new and renewable energy and Government of India, pp [22] James W. Heffel, NOX emission and performance data for a hydrogen fuelled internal combustion engine at 1500 rpm using exhaust gas recirculation, Internal Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol.28:pp , 2003.

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