Index. STP673-EB/Jul. 1979

Transcription

1 STP673-EB/Jul Index A Acetone, 175 Achromobacterium, 143, 144 Actinomycetes, 97, 98 Activated charcoal, adsorption, 15 Adenosine diphosphate (ADP), 15 Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), 5, 6, 8-10, 12-14, 16, 18, 21, 22, 26, 36, 87, 88, 90, 92, 96, 99, 101, 144, 146, Analyses, 24 Specific crystalline luciferase enzyme, 14 Adsorb, 61, 62, 65, 66, 69, 72 Adsorbing, 36 Adsorption, 21, 23, 28, 29, 33 Activated charcoal, 15 Bacteria, 22 Aerobic, 88 Aeromonas, 37 Aeromonas proteolytica, 21, Algae, 16, 97 Ammonia, NH4, 122, 123 Anaerobic, 84, 88, 96, 107, 149, 153, 157 Cellulolytic bacteria, 116, 117 Hungate technique, 110, 159 Annelids, 16 Anoxic, 108, 114 Anthracene, 167, 168, 170, 171, , Antibody preparation, 77 Apalachicola Bay, Florida, 90, 92, 93 Arthrobacter, 143 Aspartic acid, 128, 131, 143 Attachment, 22, 61 Autoradiographic, 76 Azotobacter vinelandii, 78 B Bacillus cereus, 50 Bacillus megaterium, 78, 91 Bacteria, 85, 181 Anaerobic, 76, 97, 98, 107 Enumeration (see Plate counts, roll tube, MPN) Heterotrophic, 75, 112, 116 Marine, 16, 23, 31 Methane, 76 Methanogens, 164 Methylotrophic, 75 Photosynthetic, 99 Bacteriophages, 65, 69 BGM cell line, 65 Benz(a)anthracene, 167, 168, 170, 179, 182 Benz(a)pyrene, 170 Bioluminescent, 6 Biomass, 87, 101, 152 Blue-green algae, 98 Burlington, Copyright by ASTM International

2 194 METHODOLOGY FOR BIOMASS DETERMINATIONS C Canagagigue Creek, 120 Canal, 71 Carbon, radioactive, 140 Carbon dioxide, 156, 157, 161,163, 168, 176, 179, 180 Analysis, 160 Production, 150, 151 Cellulose, 117 Bacteria, 112, 116 Degradation rates, 117 Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), 21, 25, 31, 32, 34, 37, 38 Chromatography, 172 Thin-layer (TLC) 167, 168, 173, 174, PEI-cellulose, 15 Clairville Reservoir, 41 Cleveland Harbor, 82, 158, 160, 162, 163 Clostridium, 99 Clostridium pasteurianum, 78 Coal Oil Point, 7, 11, 12, 16, 18 Coliform, 41 Coliforms Fecal, 52, 55, 57, 58, 60, 66, 72 Total, 60, 66, 72 Coliphages, 69 Copepods, 16 Coring, , 150 Multiple corer, 128, 130, 134 Corona Del Mar, 7, 11, 12, 18 Corynebacteria, 97 Corynebacterium, 143 Coxsackieviruses, 68, 73 Cuyahoga River, 80, 82, 84, 158, 162 Sediments, 81 Cytosine triphosphate (CTP), 15 Dean Creek, i49 Decomposition D Microbial rates, 129, 146, 175, 176, 183 Product, 179, 183 Denitrification, 119, 120, 153, 156, 157, 165 Desorption, 25, 30, 35 Detrital, 88 Dibenz(a,h)anthracene, 170 Direct counts, 27, 31, 32 Don River, 41 Dry weight, 60, 112 E Echovirus, 68 Eckman dredge, 41 Electrostatic attraction, 22 Elmira, Ontario, 120 Enteric viruses, 64, 65, 69, 73 Human, 69 Enterobacteriacae, 143, 144 Enteroviruses, 64, 68, 70 Overlying water, 72 Sediment, 72 Survived, 72 Epifluorescence microscopy, 21, 24, 26, 96 Escherichia coli, 17, 21-23, 28-38, 78 Lipids, 90, 99 Estuarine, 64, 65, 87 Sediments, 107 Ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), 64 Eutrophication, 157 F Fibrils, polymeric, 61 Firefly luciferase, 14, 96 Nonspecificity of, 14 Flavobacterium, 143, 144 Flavobacterium oceanosedimenturn, 21-23, 26, 28, 29, Florida, 64, 65, 67, 70

3 INDEX 195 Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), I 77 Infectious hepatitis, 64 Fluorescent antibody (FA), 76, 78, Inosine triphosphate (ITP), , 165 Isotope preparation, 131 Procedure, 75, 78, 82 Specificity, 79 Fungi, 16, 97, 98 K G Galveston Bay, 65, 68 Georgia, 149 Glucose, 151 a-d-glucose 1-phosphate, 15 D-glucose 6-phosphate, 15 Glycine, boiling, 24 Government Point, 7, 11, 12, 18 Grand River, 50 Gravel, 61 Grazing, 154 Great Lakes, 157 Guanosine triphosphate (GTP), 5, 6, 8-10, 15, 16, 18, 19 [GTP + UTP]/[ATP] ratios, 17 El Hamilton Harbour, 41 Heart Lake, 41 Heterotrophic Activity, 129, 144,145,149, 169, 174, 175 Bacteria, 40, 45-48, 133,139 Mineralization, 129, 139, 146, 180 Kinetic analyses, 129, 130, 133, Technique, 128,! Holdfasts, 61 Hollywood, 7! Houston ship channel, 69 Humber River, 41 Hydrogen sulfide, 108, , 149 Kiel Fjord, 145 Knoxville, Tenn., 170 L Lake Erie, 50, , 163, 165 Sediments, 85 Lake Mendota, 157 Sediments, 123 Lake Ontario, 41, 55, 57 Langmuir adsorption isotherm, 27, 29-32, 36 Leuconostoc, 143 Light emission, 13, 14 Lipids, 87 Aldehyde, 89, 92, 93, 97 Analysis Reproducibility, 91 Arachidic acid, 92 Diacyl, 93, 101 Phospholipids, 87, 89, 92, 99 Escherichia coli, 90, 91, 99 Extraction, 88 Fatty acids, 87, 89, 92 Anteisobranched, 98 Branched 15-carbon, 92 Cyclopropane, 98, 100 Isobranched, 98 Methyl esters, 94, 95, 97 Monoenoic, 92 Nonsaponifiable, 89 Oleic acid, 98 Palmitic acid, 92 Phospholipid, 87, 89, 92, 96, 99 Phosphonolipids, 87, 89, 97, 100, 101

4 196 METHODOLOGY FOR BIOMASS DETERMINATIONS Plasmalogens, 87, 89, 92, 93, 97, 99 Sedimentary, 93 cis-vaccenic, 98 Long-Point-Erie, 158, 160, 163 Lower Bay, 36 Luciferin-luciferase, 8 M Marine, 36, 148 Maximal uptake velocity (Vmax), , 139, 141, Media Anaerobic, 112,113 Aspartate-based, 133, 143 Casein-peptone-starch (CPS) agar, 42 Dilution, anaerobic, I l0 Drake medium ten, 57 EC broth, 66 Enriched seawater agar (ESWA), 133, 139, 143 Foot and Taylor agar, 42 Lactose broth, 57, 66 Methanogen, enrichment, 79 Nutrient broth, 69 Peptone, 32, 35, 38 Reduced, 110 Seawater vitamin (SV), 143 Simple salts (SS), 133, 143 Trypticase soy broth, 55 Urea-based, 133, 143 Vitamin mixture, 134 Membrane, 45, 46, 48, 49 Filter adsorption, 64, 67 Filters, 41, 50, 54, 69, 70 FA concentration, 85 Filtration, 40, 43, 44, 53 Metazoans, 154 Methane, 76, 153, 156, 158, Analysis technique, 159 Methanobacterium ruminantium, 80-84, 163, 164 Strain PS, Methanobacterium, strain Moll, 76, 78-80, 82-84, 164, 165 Methanogen, 75, 83, 84 Methanosarcina barkeri, 79, 80, 83, 84, 163 Strain JF, 77, 78 Methanospirillum, 84 Methanospirillum hungatii, 80, 83, 163, 165 Strain JF, 77, 78 Methylococcus capsulatus, 78 Miami Beach, 71 Microbial Activity, 148, 156, 169, 174, 175 Ecology, 148 Transformation, 167, 168, 180 Micrococci, 144 Micrococcus, 143 Microcosms, 100 Mineralization, 107 Most Probable Number (MPN), 52-54, 56-62, 72, 75, 76, 84 Bias factor, 53 Dilution, 55 Distilled water, 55 Standard deviation, 53 Weighing, 55 Muskoka Lakes, 57, 60 N Naphthalene, 170, 174, 177 New Jersey, 130, 140, 142 Coast, 144 New York Bight, 21, 25, 36, 130, , 138, 145 MESA, 23 Nitrate, 119, 120, 122, 123, 126 Nitrification, 119 Nitrite, 121 Nitrogen, 140, 163 Cycle, 119 Distribution of, 122 Fixation, 153

5 INDEX N, , 124, 126 Org-N, 122, 123 Transformations, 119 O Oak Ridge, Tenn., 170 Ocean Beach, 7, 11, 12, 18 Ontario, 41 Optical emission spectrometer, , 126 Organic mineralization, 128 Oxygen-free nitrogen, 110 Oxygen uptake, 117, 168 Oyster beds, 69 P Paper mills, 108 Pennsylvania, 170 ph, 34, 107, 113, 140 Phosphate buffer, 42 Phosphoenolpyruvate, 15 Pili, 61 Plankton, 97 Plate Counts, 24, 26, 27, 31,32, 40, 52, 57, 58, 61 Pour, 40-46, 48, 49 Spot, 40, 41, 43-45, 49, 50 Spread technique Carryover, 47 Counts, 21 Surface, 40-46, Planococcus, 143 Platinum electrode, 113 Poliovirus, 64, 65, 68 Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), , 180, 181 Poly-fl-.hydroxybutyrate (PHB), 87, 90, 92, 93, 98, 100 Bacillus megaterium, 91 Proteus morganii, 50 Protozoa, 88, 97, 98 ps ~-, 107 Pseudomonad, marine, 37, 144 Pseudomonas, 22, 61, 143 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 52, , 61 Pseudomonas denitrificians, 78 Put-in-Bay (PIB), 158, 160, 163 R Raritan Bay, 23, 25 Redox potential (Eh), 93, 107, 112, 113, 134, 139, 140 Remineralized, 123 Rhodospirillum rubrum, 78 River Don, 108, 114 S Salinity, 25 Salmonellae, 52 Salmonella typhimurium, 17 Sampling frequency, 145 San Nicolas Island, 7, 11, 12, 16, 18 Sandy beaches, 6, 16 Sandy Hook Bay, 132 Santa Catalina Island, 7, 11, 12, 18 Sapelo Island, 149 Scarborough, 41 Seasonal variations, 117 Sediment, 12, 21,40, 42, 45, 47-49, 52-54, 56, 62, 65, 66, 69, 71, 72, 77, 79, 87, 88, 94, 117, 139, 141; 146, 148, 151,152, , 168, 169, 174,175, Analysis, 140, 171 Diluted 1:10 by weighing, 59, 6O Diluted 1:10 in distilled water, 59, 60 Canagagigue, 122, 124, 125 Cleveland Harbor, 80 Enumeration, bacteria, 54, 82, 83, 128, 140 Anaerobes, 111

6 198 METHODOLOGY FOR BIOMASS DETERMINATIONS Fatty acids, 95 Interstitial water, 79 Intertidal, 16, 18 ATP, 11, 18 Lake, 57, 75, 156 Marine, 38, 64, 68-70, 128, 129 Microbes, 128 Nitrogen, 123 Type, 26, 41 Aerobic, 99, 100 Anaerobic, 92, 96, 99 Clay, 26, 28, 33, 36, 41,61, 62, 65, 134, 144, 149, 156,160 Clay-sludge, 25, Estuarine, 107 Mud, 149, 151 Sand, 26-28, 32, 33, 41, 57, 61, 62, 75,134, 156, 158,160 Silt, 75, 134, 149, 158 Stream, 119 Severn Estuary, 108 Sewage, 65, 66, 71, 76, 108 Ouffalls, marine, 71 Silica gel, 172, 173 Sodium deoxycholate, 22 Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 22, 25, 31, 34, 37 Soil, 79, 81 Southern California Bight, 6 Spartina, 98 Spartina alterniflora, 150, 152, 153 Spectrophotometry, 173 Statistical analyses, 143 ANOVA, 44, 46, 48, 143, 149 Correlation coefficient, 26, 58, 60, 114, 139 D 2, 44, 47, 50 Linear regression analysis, 133 Probability statistics, 62 Regression analysis, 26, 60 Spearman, 12, 16 Standard deviation, 60 Student's t, 26, 34, 35 Tukey's t, 44, 46 Streptococcus, 143 Sulfate Analysis, 114 Reducing bacteria, 107, 112, , 154 Activity, 113, 114 Numbers of, 114 Sulfuric acid-ethylenediamine tetraacetate EDTA, 8 Surface tension, 22 Syringe, sampling, 108 T Texas, 64, 65, 70, 71, 73 Thiobacillus novellus, 78 Tides, 152 Toronto Harbour, 41 Tris(hydroxymethyl)amino-methane, 65 Boiling, 24 Triton X-100, 22 Turnover time (Tt), , U Ultrafiltration, 70 Urea, 128, 131, 143 Uridine diphosphate (UDP)- glucose, 8 Uridine triphosphate (UTP), 5, 9, 15, 19 V van der Waals forces, 22 Vibrio, 144 Vibrio, 143 Virus, 67, 69 Adsorbed, 69, 72 Concentration, 67, Detection, 68

7 INDEX 199 Elution, 69, 70 Reconcentration, 66, 69 Marine, 65 Wet weight, 112 W Water, 45, 48, 49 Estuarine, 69, 71, 72 Yeast, 143 Y