This is a repository copy of Real Driving Emissions (RDE): Results from the 2015 remote sensing campaigns (UK).

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1 This is a repository copy of Real Driving Emissions (RDE): Results from the 2015 remote sensing campaigns (UK). White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: Version: Published Version Conference or Workshop Item: Tate, JE Real Driving Emissions (RDE): Results from the 2015 remote sensing campaigns (UK). In: Routes to Clean Air, Air Quality Conference 2015, Oct 2015, Bristol, UK. (Unpublished) Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version - refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher s website. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by ing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. eprints@whiterose.ac.uk

2 On road emissions: Results from latest remote sensing campaign Dr James Tate Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, UK

3 CONTENTS RemotesensingRealDrivingEmissions(RDE) Method Verification Results2015 EuroVI Passengercars HGVs LGVs Buses Manufacturercomparison Dieselpassengercars Recommendations 2

4 METHOD 3

5 METHOD Verification of speed& acceleration measurements 4 v=speed,a=acceleration, =roadgradient

6 METHOD Verification of concentration measurements Distribution of the measurement distribution of a controlled gas mixture with known relative abundances.the binned data shows the measurements with the solid line showing a Normal distribution derived from the measured data(solid) and theoretical(dashed). 5

7 METHOD Inter-comparison of two Remote Sensing Devices 6

8 METHOD Measurements Camera (Number plate) Vehicle Detector (Speed andacceleration) Emission ratios From peak exhaust plume conc. Source/Detector Emissions Analyser (Common Configurations) Mirror Box Source Detector ESP RSD-4600 instrument PredictNO 2 andtotalno X contribution using f-no2 reported by Carslaw(2014) EuroStandard Petrolf-NO 2 Dieself-NO 2 Euro Euro Euro Euro Euro Euro Euro Carslaw, D., Priestman, M Analysis of the 2013 vehicle emission remote sensing campaigns data. King s College London, Final draft, 10th November 2014

9 METHOD Estimation of Emission Factors = 220 CO 2 (grams.km 1 ) Year of registration

10 9 Diesel_E0 Diesel_E1 Diesel_E2 Diesel_E3 Diesel_E4 Diesel_E5 Diesel_E6 Petrol_E0 Petrol_E1 Petrol_E2 Petrol_E3 Petrol_E4 Petrol_E5 0.0 NO X (grams.km 1 ) Euro VI Passenger cars, Spring/ Summer 2015 Petrol_E6 Hybrid_E4 Hybrid_E5 Hybrid_E6

11 10 Diesel_E0 Diesel_E1 Diesel_E2 Diesel_E3 Diesel_E4 Diesel_E5 Diesel_E6 Petrol_E0 Petrol_E1 Petrol_E2 Petrol_E3 Petrol_E4 Petrol_E5 Petrol_E PM(index.km 1 ) Euro VI Passenger cars, Spring/ Summer 2015 Hybrid_E4 Hybrid_E5 Hybrid_E6

12 Euro VI %ofpassengercarsregisteredsincesept2014thatareeurovi %EuroVI Diesel Petrol MERCEDES MINI PORSCHE BMW AUDI VOLKSWAGEN FORD VOLVO HYUNDI CITROEN VAUXHALL SEAT PEUGEOT SKODA KIA HONDA JAGUAR LAND ROVER MAZDA NISSAN TOYOTA 11

13 Euro VI NO X HeavyCommercialVehicles,Spring/Summer2015 Artic_E2 Artic_E3 Artic_E4 Artic_E5 Artic_E6 Rigid_E5 Rigid_E2 Rigid_E3 Rigid_E4 Rigid_E6 NO X /CO 2 ratio*

14 Euro VI NO X HCVs CorroborationTfLdata N2rigid0%load N3rigid0%load N2rigid100%load N3rigid100%load RSD rigid N3artic0%load N3artic100%load RSD artic NO X /CO 2 ratio*

15 Manufacturer comparison Euro V 2.0-litre diesel cars with EA189 engine NO X (grams.km 1 ) DIESEL Euro V Standard #AUDI #SEAT #SKODA #VOLKSWAGEN OTHERS OTHERS: 2.0-litre diesel engines from other Marques e.g. BMW FORD KIA TOYOTA VAUXHALL 14

16 Manufacturer comparison Euro VI EuroV EuroVI NO X (grams.km 1 ) NO X (grams.km 1 ) DIESEL #AUDI #VOLKSWAGEN BMW MAZDA MERCEDES PETROL Euro VI Standard #AUDI #SEAT #SKODA #VOLKSWAGEN OTHERS Euro V Standard 15

17 Manufacturer comparison Diesel cars NO X emissionsbymanufacturer&yearof1 st registration NO X (grams.km 1 ) Euro III Euro IV Euro V Euro VI Emission standard Year of registration

18 Euro VI 17

19 RECOMMENDATIONS RDEregulations Soonerratherthanlateri.e.beforeJan2017 TransparencyinRDEtesting In-serviceRDEtesting(deteriorationemissioncontrols,SCRdosing,DPFremoval) Independent+Opendata? EnvironmentallabellingforCO 2 andairqualitypollutants?amarketingincentive? ShiftinTaxlandscapetoincludeNO X penalty Pricefuele.g.BelgiumDiesel+10ctsperlitre VED CompanycarBenefitinKind(BiK)tax CarfreeCitycentres Sustainablemobility&Activetravel&Greenspace Noise 18

20 And finally. improving air quality Dr James Tate Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, UK Twitter: drjamestate